High-current-efficiency magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloys, in particular to a high-current-efficiency magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that raw materials including magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin are obtained; magnesium ingots are put into a resistance furnace to be heated until the magnesium ingots are completely molten, and manganese, zirconium and tin which are weighed in advance are added into the molten magnesium; the smelted alloy is subjected to homogenization treatment; the alloy obtained after homogenization treatment is subjected to extrusion forming; and the alloy obtained after extrusion forming is subjected to solution treatment and then subjected to aging treatment, and the high-current-efficiency magnesium alloy is obtained. The prepared high-current-efficiency magnesium alloy is subjected to electrochemical performance and weightlessness corrosion testing. By adding specific Zr and Sn elements and adopting a special preparation process, Zr can significantly refine alloy grains and remove impurity elements such as Fe and Si, and the addition of Sn can improve the self-corrosion potential of the magnesium alloy and reduce the hydrogen evolution rate. And the current efficiency of the magnesium alloy is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloys, and in particular to a high current efficiency magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science, magnesium alloys have been widely studied and applied due to their light weight, high specific strength and good casting properties.

[0003] The preparation of traditional magnesium alloys usually involves mixing magnesium with other alloying elements such as aluminum, zinc, and manganese to form an alloy through a smelting process. For example, AZ63 magnesium alloy is composed of 6% aluminum and 3% zinc. This alloying method can improve the surface dissolution uniformity of magnesium, thereby improving current efficiency.

[0004] Although the current efficiency of magnesium alloys can be improved by alloying methods, the current efficiency of traditional magnesium alloys such as AZ63 is still low, generally between 56% and 58.7%. This means that in the electrochemical protection system, the self-corrosion of the magnesium alloy sacrificial anode is more serious, resulting in low current efficiency. The low current efficiency means that more magnesium alloy materials need to be consumed when the same protection current is generated, which undoubtedly increases the use cost and replacement frequency of the magnesium alloy sacrificial anode, limiting its potential in a wider range of applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high current efficiency magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that traditional magnesium alloys have limitations in current efficiency and restrict their use in high current applications.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtaining raw materials, including magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin;

[0008] The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated until it is completely melted, and pre-weighed manganese, zirconium and tin are added to the molten magnesium;

[0009] The smelted alloy is homogenized;

[0010] Extruding the homogenized alloy;

[0011] The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy;

[0012] The electrochemical properties and weight loss corrosion tests of the prepared high current efficiency magnesium alloy were carried out.

[0013] Wherein, raw materials are obtained, the raw materials include magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin, and the step further includes:

[0014] The mass percentages of the raw materials are: magnesium balance, manganese: 0.5-2.0%, zirconium: 0.1-0.5%, and tin: 0.1-1.0%.

[0015] The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated until it is completely melted, and pre-weighed manganese, zirconium and tin are added to the molten magnesium. The steps also include:

[0016] The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated to 750-800°C, and an inert gas is used to protect the smelting process.

[0017] The smelted alloy is homogenized, and the step further includes: the smelted alloy is homogenized, and the step further includes:

[0018] The smelted alloy is homogenized at 450-500°C for not less than 4 hours.

[0019] The alloy after homogenization is extruded, and the step further comprises:

[0020] The homogenized alloy is extruded at 300-400°C to obtain a fine and uniform grain structure, and the extrusion ratio is controlled between 10:1 and 20:1.

[0021] The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, and the steps further include:

[0022] The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment at a temperature of 450-500°C for 1-2 hours.

[0023] The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, and the steps further include:

[0024] During aging treatment, the temperature is 150-200°C and the time is 2-4 hours.

[0025] A high current efficiency magnesium alloy comprises magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin, wherein the mass percentages are: magnesium balance, manganese: 0.5-2.0%, zirconium: 0.1-0.5%, tin: 0.1-1.0%.

[0026] The invention discloses a high current efficiency magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. By adding specific Zr and Sn elements and adopting a special preparation process, Zr can significantly refine the alloy grains and remove impurity elements such as Fe and Si. The addition of Sn can increase the self-corrosion potential of the magnesium alloy and reduce the hydrogen evolution rate. The current efficiency of the magnesium alloy is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of the method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] The first embodiment of the present application is:

[0031] See also Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of the method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S101: obtaining raw materials, the raw materials including magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin;

[0034] S102: placing a magnesium ingot in a resistance furnace and heating it until it is completely melted, and adding pre-weighed manganese, zirconium and tin into the molten magnesium;

[0035] S103: homogenizing the smelted alloy;

[0036] S104: Extruding the homogenized alloy;

[0037] S105: performing a solution treatment on the extruded alloy, and then performing an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy;

[0038] S106: Conduct electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests on the prepared high current efficiency magnesium alloy.

[0039] Specifically, the chemical components of the high current efficiency magnesium alloy include, by mass percentage: Mg balance, Mn: 0.5-2.0%, Zr: 0.1-0.5%, Sn: 0.1-1.0%.

[0040] Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials according to the above alloy composition to ensure the accurate content of each element. Use high-purity magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin as raw materials to ensure the purity and performance of the alloy.

[0041] Melting: Place the magnesium ingot in a resistance furnace and heat it to 750-800℃ to completely melt it.

[0042] Add pre-weighed amounts of manganese, zirconium and tin to the molten magnesium. Use an inert gas, such as argon, to protect the smelting process and prevent oxidation of the magnesium.

[0043] Homogenization treatment: The smelted alloy is homogenized at 450-500℃ for no less than 4 hours. Homogenization treatment helps to evenly distribute the alloy components and reduce segregation.

[0044] Extrusion molding: The homogenized alloy is extruded at 300-400℃ to obtain a fine and uniform grain structure. The extrusion ratio is controlled between 10:1 and 20:1 to obtain better strength and plasticity. Heat treatment: The extruded alloy is solution treated at a temperature of 450-500℃ for 1-2 hours. Then an aging treatment is performed at a temperature of 150-200℃ for 2-4 hours to improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the alloy.

[0045] The prepared alloy was subjected to electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests to ensure that it met the requirements of high current efficiency.

[0046] The present invention significantly improves the current efficiency of magnesium alloy by adding Mn, Zr and Sn elements and adopting a specific preparation process. The alloy has excellent electrical conductivity and good mechanical properties and is suitable for high current application scenarios.

[0047] Example 1: Optimization of alloy composition

[0048] Objective: To determine the optimal content of Mn, Zr and Sn elements to achieve the highest current efficiency.

[0049] step:

[0050] Prepare raw materials: Use high purity magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin as raw materials.

[0051] Melting: Heat the magnesium ingot to 750-800°C, and add different proportions of Mn (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%), Zr (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%) and Sn (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%).

[0052] Homogenization treatment: Homogenization treatment was performed at 450-500°C for 4 hours.

[0053] Extrusion molding: Extrusion molding is carried out at 300-400°C, and the extrusion ratio is 15:1.

[0054] Heat treatment: solution treatment at 450°C for 1.5 hours, followed by aging treatment at 175°C for 3 hours.

[0055] Testing: Electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests were performed on each alloy sample, and the current efficiency was recorded.

[0056] Example 2: Optimization of melting temperature

[0057] Purpose: To determine the optimum melting temperature to improve the current efficiency of the alloy.

[0058] step:

[0059] Prepare raw materials: Use high-purity magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin as raw materials according to the optimal ratio determined in Example 1.

[0060] Melting: Magnesium ingots are melted at different temperatures (750°C, 775°C, 800°C) and manganese, zirconium and tin are added.

[0061] Homogenization treatment: Homogenization treatment was performed at 450-500°C for 4 hours.

[0062] Extrusion molding: Extrusion molding was carried out at 350°C with an extrusion ratio of 15:1.

[0063] Heat treatment: solution treatment at 450°C for 1.5 hours, followed by aging treatment at 175°C for 3 hours.

[0064] Testing: Electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests were performed on each alloy sample, and the current efficiency was recorded.

[0065] Example 3: Optimization of extrusion temperature and extrusion ratio

[0066] Purpose: To determine the optimum extrusion temperature and extrusion ratio to obtain the best grain structure and mechanical properties.

[0067] step:

[0068] Prepare raw materials: Use high-purity magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin as raw materials according to the optimal ratio determined in Example 1.

[0069] Melting: Heat the magnesium ingot to 775℃ and add manganese, zirconium and tin.

[0070] Homogenization treatment: Homogenization treatment was performed at 450-500°C for 4 hours.

[0071] Extrusion molding: Extrusion molding was carried out at different temperatures (300°C, 350°C, 400°C) and extrusion ratios (10:1, 15:1, 20:1).

[0072] Heat treatment: solution treatment at 450°C for 1.5 hours, followed by aging treatment at 175°C for 3 hours.

[0073] Testing: Electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests were performed on each alloy sample, and the current efficiency was recorded.

[0074] Example 4: Optimization of heat treatment temperature and time

[0075] Purpose: To determine the optimal heat treatment temperature and time to improve the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the alloy.

[0076] step:

[0077] Prepare raw materials: Use high-purity magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin as raw materials according to the optimal ratio determined in Example 1.

[0078] Melting: Heat the magnesium ingot to 775℃ and add manganese, zirconium and tin.

[0079] Homogenization treatment: Homogenization treatment was performed at 450-500°C for 4 hours.

[0080] Extrusion molding: Extrusion molding was carried out at 350°C with an extrusion ratio of 15:1.

[0081] Heat treatment: Solution treatment was carried out at different temperatures (450°C, 475°C, 500°C) and times (1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours), followed by aging treatment at different temperatures (150°C, 175°C, 200°C) and times (2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours).

[0082] Testing: Electrochemical performance and weight loss corrosion tests were performed on each alloy sample, and the current efficiency was recorded.

[0083] By adjusting the alloy composition, melting temperature, extrusion temperature and extrusion ratio as well as heat treatment conditions, the optimal preparation parameters can be found to meet the needs of high current applications.

[0084] The second embodiment of the present application is:

[0085] On the basis of the first embodiment, this embodiment provides a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, including magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin, wherein the mass percentages are: magnesium balance, manganese: 0.5-2.0%, zirconium: 0.1-0.5%, tin: 0.1-1.0%.

[0086] By adding specific Zr and Sn elements and adopting a special preparation process, Zr can significantly refine the alloy grains and remove impurity elements such as Fe and Si. The addition of Sn can increase the self-corrosion potential of magnesium alloys and reduce the hydrogen evolution rate, which significantly improves the current efficiency of magnesium alloys.

[0087] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining raw materials, including magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin; The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated until it is completely melted, and pre-weighed manganese, zirconium and tin are added to the molten magnesium; The smelted alloy is homogenized; Extruding the homogenized alloy; The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy; The electrochemical properties and weight loss corrosion tests of the prepared high current efficiency magnesium alloy were carried out.

2. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining raw materials, the raw materials include magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin, and the step further includes: The mass percentages of the raw materials are: magnesium balance, manganese: 0.5-2.0%, zirconium: 0.1-0.5%, and tin: 0.1-1.0%.

3. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated until it is completely melted, and pre-weighed manganese, zirconium and tin are added to the molten magnesium. The steps further include: The magnesium ingot is placed in a resistance furnace and heated to 750-800°C, and an inert gas is used to protect the smelting process.

4. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The smelted alloy is homogenized, and the step further includes: the smelted alloy is homogenized, and the step further includes: The smelted alloy is homogenized at 450-500°C for not less than 4 hours.

5. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alloy after homogenization is subjected to extrusion molding, and the step further comprises: The homogenized alloy is extruded at 300-400°C to obtain a fine and uniform grain structure, and the extrusion ratio is controlled between 10:1 and 20:

1.

6. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy. The steps further include: The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment at a temperature of 450-500°C for 1-2 hours.

7. The method for preparing a high current efficiency magnesium alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The extruded alloy is subjected to a solution treatment and then an aging treatment to obtain a high current efficiency magnesium alloy. The steps further include: During aging treatment, the temperature is 150-200°C and the time is 2-4 hours.

8. A high current efficiency magnesium alloy, suitable for the high current efficiency magnesium alloy preparation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The high current efficiency magnesium alloy comprises magnesium, manganese, zirconium and tin, wherein the mass percentages are: magnesium balance, manganese: 0.5-2.0%, zirconium: 0.1-0.5%, tin: 0.1-1.0%.

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