Tailing pond closing efficient energy-saving combined temporary paving device and digging and filling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and energy-saving combined temporary paving device for tailing pond closing and a digging and filling method, and belongs to the technical field of digging and filling methods in the tailing pond closing and reclamation process. The device comprises a steel plate and a supporting block, a fixing frame is arranged below the steel plate, a transfer groove, a guide groove and a groove are formed in the steel plate, a top plate is arranged at the upper end of the supporting block, and the lower end of the supporting block extends into the fixing frame. During excavation, a ship excavator in a sludge area excavates on a temporary road composed of steel plates, and a wetland bulldozer in a tailing area is linearly provided with a groove communicating an excavation area with a filling area; in the filling process, a road composed of waste residues is repeatedly pushed and filled on the sludge ground through a bulldozer in a large sludge area, and in a small sludge area, rock ballast aggregate is piled and filled into a groove formed by an excavator, so that a construction method is specifically formulated according to different sediments and the sizes of the sediment areas, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced. The construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of excavation and filling methods in the process of closing and reclamation of a tailings pond, and in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving combined temporary paving device and an excavation and filling method for closing a tailings pond. Background Art

[0002] A tailings pond is a place used to store tailings or other industrial waste discharged after ore sorting in metal or non-metal mines. A tailings pond is generally composed of several parts, including a tailings storage system, a flood discharge system and a backwater system. Among them, the tailings storage system is responsible for the storage of tailings, the flood discharge system is used to discharge floods, and the backwater system is used to recycle clarified tailings water. The main functions of a tailings pond include protecting the environment, utilizing water resources and protecting minerals. By properly storing tailings, environmental pollution can be reduced and tailings water and useful components in tailings can be recycled.

[0003] The engineering workload of tailings pond closure mainly includes the excavation and filling and pushing of tailings sludge in the pond, and its expenses account for about 70% of the total cost. However, traditional tailings sludge excavation and filling mainly rely on backhoes and bulldozers, which have the problems of low excavation and filling efficiency of mechanical equipment and high construction cost; therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, the present application proposes a high-efficiency and energy-saving combined temporary paving device and excavation and filling method for tailings pond closure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tailings pond closed high-efficiency energy-saving combined temporary paving device and excavation and filling method. When excavating in the silt area, six steel plates are laid on the silt to form a temporary road, and a ship is used to excavate on the temporary road. When excavating in the tailings area, a bulldozer is directly used to push out a straight groove, thereby improving the excavation efficiency and solving the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-efficiency and energy-saving combined temporary paving device for closing a tailings pond, comprising a steel plate and a support block, a fixed frame is arranged under the steel plate, a transfer groove, a guide groove and a groove are arranged on the steel plate, a top plate is arranged at the upper end of the support block, and the lower end of the support block extends to the interior of the fixed frame, a spring is arranged inside the fixed frame, a positioning block is arranged on one side of the steel plate, a positioning groove is arranged on the other side of the steel plate, a protrusion is arranged under the positioning block, and movable plates are arranged on both sides of the support block, and the two movable plates are both located inside the groove.

[0006] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on the side of the groove, a through groove is provided inside the movable plate, one end of the movable plate is connected to the top plate shaft, and a rotating shaft is provided at the other end of the movable plate, and both ends of the rotating shaft are respectively inserted into the inside of the two limiting grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the groove is located in the middle of the steel plate, the guide groove is a trumpet-shaped structure, the narrow mouth of the guide groove is connected to the positioning groove, and the wide mouth of the guide groove is connected to the transfer groove.

[0008] Preferably, at least six steel plates are provided, the six steel plates are connected head to tail, and the positioning block at the head of the steel plate is located inside the positioning groove at the tail of the steel plate.

[0009] A tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined excavation and filling method is implemented based on a tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined temporary paving device, and the excavation includes the following steps:

[0010] S11. In the silt area, the ship excavator moves the steel plate through the bucket, combines six steel plates into a temporary road, and performs silt excavation on the temporary road;

[0011] S12. In the tailings area, use a wetland bulldozer to push out a straight trench connecting the excavation area and the fill area. The trench width is equal to the width of the bulldozer blade, and the depth is at least half the height of the bulldozer blade. The depth remains the same as the slope of the excavation area.

[0012] Preferably, the filling comprises the following steps:

[0013] S21. In larger silt areas, use a wetland bulldozer to push waste directly above the silt. The height of the waste above the silt should be at least 800 mm. Repeatedly push and fill the waste until the height is stable.

[0014] S22. In a smaller silt area, use an excavator to dig a trench, pile the excavated silt on both sides of the trench, and then backfill the trench with slag aggregate until the height of the slag aggregate reaches the designed elevation. The width of the trench shall be at least 3m and the depth of the trench shall be at least 0.5m.

[0015] Preferably, the moving the steel plate in S11 comprises the following steps:

[0016] S110: Insert the rake teeth at the front end of the bucket into the through groove of the temporary road tail steel plate, then lift the tail steel plate, and finally place the tail steel plate on the head steel plate 1 until the protrusion is located inside the transfer groove.

[0017] S111: Use a bucket to move the tail end steel plate, and the tail end steel plate moves along the guide groove following the protrusion until the positioning plate is stuck in the positioning groove.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. When excavating in a silt area, the present invention lays six steel plates on the silt to form a temporary road, and the ship digs on the temporary road to carry out excavation work. Compared with the traditional method of building a field-shaped temporary road with waste slag on the silt, the workload is reduced and the economic benefit is improved; when excavating in a tailings area, a straight groove is directly pushed out by a bulldozer, and the groove connects the excavation area to the filling area. Compared with the traditional method of first digging out the tailings with an excavator, then transporting the tailings with a car, and finally flattening it with a bulldozer, the sand storage capacity of the bulldozer plate is increased, the pushing efficiency is improved, and the excavation efficiency is improved.

[0020] 2. When filling the silt land in a larger area, the present invention uses a wetland bulldozer to directly push the waste to the top of the silt, and the height of the waste above the silt is at least 800 mm. The waste is repeatedly pushed and filled until the waste height is stable. Compared with the traditional method of first using waste slag to build a temporary field road, then transporting the waste slag to the temporary field road by car, and finally flattening it with a bulldozer, the workload is reduced, and mechanical equipment and transportation vehicles are guaranteed not to fall into the silt land, thereby improving work efficiency; when filling the silt land in a smaller area, a trench is dug with an excavator, and then the excavated silt is piled on both sides of the trench, and finally slag aggregate is backfilled into the trench until the height of the slag aggregate reaches the designed elevation. Compared with the traditional method of directly laying slag aggregate on the silt surface, the slag aggregate is piled in the trench, and the silt on both sides blocks the diffusion of the aggregate, thereby reducing the demand for slag aggregate and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the steel plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the steel plate of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. steel plate; 101. positioning block; 102. protrusion; 103. transfer slot; 104. guide slot; 105. positioning slot; 106. groove; 107. fixed frame; 2. movable plate; 201. through slot; 202. limiting slot; 3. support block; 301. top plate; 302. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In order to solve the problem of low digging and filling efficiency of mechanical equipment and high construction cost when the tailings pond is closed, please refer to Figure 1-2, this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0026] A tailings pond closure high-efficiency and energy-saving combined temporary paving device comprises a steel plate 1 and a support block 3. A fixed frame 107 is arranged below the steel plate 1, a transfer groove 103, a guide groove 104 and a groove 106 are arranged above the steel plate 1, a top plate 301 is arranged at the upper end of the support block 3, the lower end of the support block 3 extends to the interior of the fixed frame 107, a spring 302 is arranged inside the fixed frame 107, a positioning block 101 is arranged on one side of the steel plate 1, a positioning groove 105 is arranged on the other side of the steel plate 1, a protrusion 102 is arranged below the positioning block 101, and movable plates 2 are arranged on both sides of the support block 3, and the two movable plates 2 are both located inside the groove 106.

[0027] A limiting groove 202 is set on the side of the groove 106, and a through groove 201 is set inside the movable plate 2. One end of the movable plate 2 is axially connected to the top plate 301, and a rotating shaft is set at the other end of the movable plate 2. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively inserted into the two limiting grooves 202. The groove 106 is located in the middle of the steel plate 1, and the guide groove 104 is a trumpet-shaped structure. The narrow mouth of the guide groove 104 is connected to the positioning groove 105, and the wide mouth of the guide groove 104 is connected to the transfer groove 103. At least six steel plates 1 are set, and the six steel plates 1 are connected head to tail. The positioning block 101 at the head of the steel plate 1 is located inside the positioning groove 105 at the tail of the steel plate 1.

[0028] A tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined excavation and filling method is implemented based on a tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined temporary paving device, characterized in that excavation includes the following steps:

[0029] S11. In the silt area, the ship excavator moves the steel plate 1 through the bucket, and combines six steel plates 1 into a temporary road. The ship excavator performs silt excavation on the temporary road. Compared with the traditional method of using waste residue to build a field-shaped temporary road on the silt, the workload is reduced and the economic benefits are improved. At the same time, the ship excavator can continuously construct on the steel plate 1 on a light rainy day, thereby shortening the construction period;

[0030] S12. In the tailings area, a wetland bulldozer is used to push out a straight trench connecting the excavation area and the filling area. The trench width is equal to the width of the bulldozer board, and the depth is at least half the height of the bulldozer board. The depth remains the same as the slope of the excavation area. Compared with the traditional method of first digging out the tailings with an excavator, then transporting the tailings with a car, and finally flattening it with a bulldozer, the sand storage capacity of the bulldozer board is increased, the pushing efficiency is improved, and thus the excavation efficiency is improved.

[0031] Specifically, the filling process includes the following steps:

[0032] S21. In larger silt areas, use wetland bulldozers to push waste directly above the silt. The height of the waste above the silt is at least 800 mm. Repeatedly push and fill the waste until the waste height is stable. Compared with the traditional method of first using waste residue to build a temporary road in the shape of a field, then using cars to transport the waste residue to the temporary road in the shape of a field, and finally using bulldozers to flatten it, this method reduces the workload, ensures that mechanical equipment and transport vehicles will not fall into the silt, and improves work efficiency.

[0033] S22. In a smaller silt area, use an excavator to dig a trench, pile the excavated silt on both sides of the trench, and then backfill the trench with slag aggregate until the height of the slag aggregate reaches the designed elevation. The width of the trench is at least 3m, and the depth of the trench is at least 0.5m. Compared with the traditional method of directly laying slag aggregate on the silt surface, the slag aggregate is piled in the trench, and the silt on both sides blocks the diffusion of aggregate, thereby reducing the demand for slag aggregate and improving economic benefits.

[0034] Specifically, moving the steel plate 1 in S11 includes the following steps:

[0035] S110: Insert the rake teeth at the front end of the bucket into the through groove 201 of the temporary road tail steel plate 1, then lift the tail steel plate 1, and finally place the tail steel plate 1 on the head steel plate 1 until the protrusion 102 is located inside the transfer groove 103.

[0036] S111: Use a bucket to move the tail end steel plate 1, and the tail end steel plate 1 follows the protrusion 102 and moves along the guide groove 104 until the positioning plate 101 is stuck in the positioning groove 105. At this time, the tail end steel plate 1 is transformed into the head steel plate 1, realizing the movement of the temporary road, thereby realizing the movement of the ship excavation working range.

[0037] Working principle: When excavating in the silt area, the ship excavator excavates on the temporary road laid by the steel plate 1. When excavating in the tailings area, the bulldozer is directly used to push out a straight trench, and the trench connects the excavation area to the filling area; when filling in a larger silt area, the wetland bulldozer is used to directly push the waste material to the top of the silt, and the waste material is repeatedly pushed and filled until the waste height is stable. When filling in a smaller silt area, an excavator is used to dig a trench, and the excavated silt is piled on both sides of the trench, and then the slag aggregate is backfilled into the trench until the height of the slag aggregate reaches the designed elevation, thereby realizing the targeted formulation of construction methods according to different sediments and sediment area sizes, thereby improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving combined temporary paving device for closing a tailings pond, comprising a steel plate (1), characterized in that: It also includes a support block (3), a fixed frame (107) is arranged below the steel plate (1), a transfer groove (103), a guide groove (104) and a groove (106) are arranged above the steel plate (1), a top plate (301) is arranged at the upper end of the support block (3), the lower end of the support block (3) extends to the inside of the fixed frame (107), a spring (302) is arranged inside the fixed frame (107), a positioning block (101) is arranged on one side of the steel plate (1), a positioning groove (105) is arranged on the other side of the steel plate (1), a protrusion (102) is arranged below the positioning block (101), and movable plates (2) are arranged on both sides of the support block (3), and the two movable plates (2) are both located inside the groove (106).

2. The tailings pond closed storage high-efficiency energy-saving combined temporary paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (202) is arranged on the side of the groove (106), a through groove (201) is arranged inside the movable plate (2), one end of the movable plate (2) is axially connected to the top plate (301), and a rotating shaft is arranged at the other end of the movable plate (2), and the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively inserted into the inside of the two limiting grooves (202).

3. The tailings pond closed storage high-efficiency energy-saving combined temporary paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (106) is located in the middle of the steel plate (1), the guide groove (104) is a trumpet-shaped structure, the narrow opening of the guide groove (104) is connected to the positioning groove (105), and the wide opening of the guide groove (104) is connected to the transfer groove (103).

4. The tailings pond closed storage high-efficiency energy-saving combined temporary paving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least six steel plates (1) are provided, and the six steel plates (1) are connected head to tail, and the positioning block (101) at the head of the steel plate (1) is located inside the positioning groove (105) at the tail of the steel plate (1).

5. A tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined excavation and filling method, based on a tailings pond closed reservoir efficient energy-saving combined temporary paving device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Excavation involves the following steps: S11. In the silt area, the ship excavator moves the steel plate (1) through the bucket, combines six steel plates (1) into a temporary road, and performs silt excavation on the temporary road; S12. In the tailings area, use a wetland bulldozer to push out a straight trench connecting the excavation area and the fill area. The trench width is equal to the width of the bulldozer blade, and the depth is at least half the height of the bulldozer blade. The depth remains the same as the slope of the excavation area.

6. A tailings pond closure and high-efficiency energy-saving combined excavation and filling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Filling includes the following steps: S21. In larger silt areas, use a wetland bulldozer to push waste directly above the silt. The height of the waste above the silt should be at least 800 mm. Repeatedly push and fill the waste until the height of the waste is stable. S22. In a smaller silt area, use an excavator to dig a trench, pile the excavated silt on both sides of the trench, and then backfill the trench with slag aggregate until the height of the slag aggregate reaches the designed elevation. The width of the trench shall be at least 3m and the depth of the trench shall be at least 0.5m.

7. A tailings pond closure and high-efficiency energy-saving combined excavation and filling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of moving the steel plate (1) in S11 comprises the following steps: S110: insert the rake teeth at the front end of the bucket into the through groove (201) of the temporary road tail steel plate (1), then lift the tail steel plate (1), and finally place the tail steel plate (1) on the head steel plate (1) until the protrusion (102) is located inside the transfer groove (103). S111: Use a bucket to move the tail end steel plate (1), and the tail end steel plate (1) follows the protrusion (102) and moves along the guide groove (104) until the positioning plate (101) is stuck in the positioning groove (105).

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