Water hammer protection device of water supply pipeline and operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a water hammer protection device of a water supply pipeline and an operation method. The method is suitable for the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a pressure tank arranged on a water supply pipeline, and a separator is arranged in the pressure tank; the air charging and discharging assembly is mounted on the outer wall of the pressure tank and can be used for charging air into the upper cavity or discharging air from the upper cavity; the two ends of the pressure regulating assembly communicate with the upper cavity and the lower cavity correspondingly, and connection and disconnection between the upper cavity and the lower cavity can be controlled; the detection assembly is arranged in the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the detection assembly can detect first pressure information in the upper cavity, second pressure information in the lower cavity and water level information in the lower cavity; and the control module is connected with the air charging and discharging assembly, the pressure adjusting assembly and the detection assembly, and starts the air charging and discharging assembly to adjust pressure based on a pressure difference value between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, so that a preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction in my country, long-distance water supply pipelines are increasingly used in water conservancy projects. However, during operation, long-distance water supply pipelines are easily affected by water hammer, which poses a great threat to the safe operation of pipelines.

[0003] Water hammer is a pressure fluctuation phenomenon caused by a sudden change in fluid flow rate. In water supply projects, water hammer mainly occurs when valves are opened and closed quickly or water pumps are powered off and shut down. At this time, the water flow rate in the pipeline changes rapidly, causing the pressure in the pipeline to rise or fall sharply. Water hammer not only causes violent vibrations in the pipeline, but may also cause pipeline ruptures and joint leakage, seriously shortening the service life of the pipeline and even causing safety accidents.

[0004] Air tanks are usually used in water supply projects to protect against positive and negative water hammer in pipelines. An air tank of a certain volume is set after the pump to absorb and release water hammer energy by using the compressibility and expansion of air, thereby reducing the impact of water hammer on the pipeline. Among them, air tanks are divided into the following two forms:

[0005] (1) Although air tanks equipped with air bags can effectively protect against positive and negative water hammer, the air bags are expensive, which increases the project investment cost. In addition, there is a risk of rupture during use. Once ruptured, it may cause water pollution and affect water supply safety.

[0006] (2) Air tanks without air bags. Although this type of air tank avoids the problem of air bag rupture and water pollution, it has the problem of high-pressure gas dissolving in water. This will cause the gas pressure in the air tank to decrease, the protective effect to weaken, and the need for frequent air replenishment, which increases the complexity of operation and maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the above-mentioned problems, a water hammer protection device and an operating method for a water supply pipeline are provided.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, comprising:

[0009] A pressure tank is arranged on the water supply pipeline, wherein a partition is arranged inside the pressure tank, wherein the partition can separate the interior of the pressure tank into an upper chamber for storing gas and a lower chamber for storing water, wherein the lower chamber is connected to the water supply pipeline;

[0010] An air-filling and exhausting assembly is installed on the outer wall of the pressure tank, and the air-filling and exhausting assembly can inflate or exhaust air into the upper chamber;

[0011] A pressure regulating component, the two ends of which are connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and can control the connection and disconnection between the upper chamber and the lower chamber;

[0012] A detection component is disposed in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the detection component can detect first pressure information of the gas in the upper chamber, second pressure information of the water in the lower chamber, and water level information in the lower chamber;

[0013] A control module is connected to the air filling and exhaust component, the pressure regulating component, and the detection component. Based on the pressure difference between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, the control module starts the air filling and exhaust component to adjust the pressure so that a preset pressure difference is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information. The control module can control the pressure regulating component to connect the upper chamber with the lower chamber to enhance the water hammer protection effect.

[0014] Through the above technical means, the pressure tank is separated into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a separator, so that water and air can be separated, and no airbag is needed, which reduces the cost. The pressure regulating component is used to control the connection and disconnection between the upper chamber and the lower chamber. When the water pump loses power, the energy of the air cushion can be released and water can be quickly replenished to prevent negative water hammer in the pipeline. When the water hammer wave returns, an air cushion can be formed in the lower chamber to reduce positive water hammer. During normal operation, the detection component detects the pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and uses the inflation and exhaust components to adjust the air pressure in the upper chamber, so that a constant pressure difference can be maintained between the upper chamber and the lower chamber.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes a first connecting pipe, an air valve and a first electric valve. The first electric valve is connected to the control module. The two ends of the first connecting pipe are respectively connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber. The air valve and the first electric valve are arranged on the first connecting pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the inflation and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor and a second electric valve. The second electric valve is installed on the outer wall of the upper chamber of the pressure tank and is connected to the air compressor. The air compressor and the second electric valve are both connected to the control module. The air compressor can control the inflation into the upper chamber, and the second electric valve can control the exhaust of the upper chamber to the outside.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control module is provided with two operating modes, including a normal mode and an emergency mode. When the control module receives a switching signal, the control module switches the normal mode to the emergency mode.

[0018] In some embodiments, the normal mode is to control the opening of the second electric valve or air compressor through the control module. When the second pressure information continuously drops or rises above a preset value within a preset time, the control module controls the inflation and exhaust assembly to adjust the upper chamber to exhaust outwards or inflate inwards, so that a preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information.

[0019] In some embodiments, the switching signal is that the water level information drops rapidly to more than a preset value within a preset time, and the emergency mode is that when the water level information in the lower chamber drops to the lowest water level or rises to the highest water level, the control module can control the first electric valve to close or open, and repeatedly adjust it until the change amplitude of the highest point water level and the adjacent lowest point water level is less than the preset amplitude, and the control module opens the first electric valve to end the emergency mode.

[0020] In some embodiments, the partition is a bulkhead, and the bulkhead is a downwardly convex spherical structure, and the end of the first connecting pipe connected to the lower chamber is arranged close to the bulkhead.

[0021] In some embodiments, the detection component includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a liquid level gauge, the first pressure sensor is arranged in the upper chamber, the second pressure sensor and the liquid level gauge are arranged in the lower chamber, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the liquid level gauge are all communicatively connected to the control module, the first pressure sensor can detect the first pressure information in the upper chamber, the second pressure sensor can detect the second pressure information in the lower chamber, and the liquid level gauge can detect the water level information in the lower chamber.

[0022] In some embodiments, the height of the upper chamber and the height of the lower chamber in the air tank pressure tank satisfy the following relationship:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, H a is the height of the upper chamber of the pressure tank, H w is the height of the lower chamber of the pressure tank, P max is the maximum head of the pump, ΔP is the preset pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, H d It is the lowest water level in the lower chamber.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the pressure tank is further provided with a safety valve capable of communicating with the upper chamber, and the lower chamber is connected to the water supply pipeline via the second connecting pipe.

[0026] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an operating method of a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, the operating method comprising a normal mode and an emergency mode;

[0027] When the water hammer protection device is in normal mode, the following steps are involved:

[0028] A1. The first electric valve remains in an open state, and the charging and exhaust assembly remains in a closed state;

[0029] A2. If it is measured that the second pressure information continuously and slowly decreases and exceeds a preset pressure difference value, the inflation and exhaust component is opened to control the upper chamber to exhaust until the preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, and the inflation and exhaust component is closed;

[0030] A3. If it is measured that the second pressure information rises slowly and continuously and exceeds the preset pressure difference value, the inflation and exhaust component is opened to control the upper chamber to replenish air until the preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, and the inflation and exhaust component is closed;

[0031] When it is detected that the water level information continuously drops by more than a preset water level difference within a preset time, the normal mode is switched to the emergency mode;

[0032] When the water hammer protection device is in emergency mode, the following steps are involved:

[0033] B1. When the water level in the lower chamber drops to the lowest water level, the first electric valve is closed;

[0034] B2. When the water level in the lower chamber rises to the highest water level, the first electric valve opens;

[0035] B3. Repeat steps B1 and B2 until the water level change amplitude between the highest point and the adjacent lowest point is less than a preset amplitude, and the first electric valve is opened and remains open, ending the emergency mode.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] 1. The pressure tank is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a separator, so that the water and gas are separated from each other. Compared with the air bag structure, the equipment cost can be greatly reduced. At the same time, the device occupies a small area, has a beautiful structure, and is easy to install and maintain.

[0038] 2. When dangerous conditions such as water pump power failure occur and the water pressure in the lower chamber decreases, the air valve can automatically open to replenish high-pressure gas into the lower chamber, and the lower chamber replenishes water into the pipeline to prevent negative pressure in the pipeline. When the water level in the tank rises, the electric valve in series with the air valve is quickly closed to trap gas to form an air cushion to hinder the water level in the lower chamber from rising, thereby reducing the pressure rise in the water supply pipeline. This can effectively reduce the amplitude of water level fluctuations caused by water hammer, and can also accelerate the attenuation of water hammer fluctuations, so that the water supply system can reach a stable state faster and improve the system's operating safety.

[0039] 3. The air valve and the electric valve are combined to realize the connection and isolation of the upper and lower chambers, so as to effectively prevent positive and negative water hammer. When preventing negative water hammer, since the response speed of the air valve is faster than that of the electric valve, after dangerous working conditions such as power failure of the water pump occur, the air valve is quickly opened to quickly connect the upper and lower chambers, and water is added to the pipeline to prevent negative water hammer; when positive water hammer comes, the air valve is in an open state, and the ability to intercept gas is weak, so the emergency mode is set. When the water level in the tank drops rapidly, the emergency mode is entered. When the water level drops to the lowest, the electric valve is closed, and the gas is trapped in the lower chamber to form an air cushion. When the water level rises, the air cushion acts as a barrier, absorbing the energy of the positive water hammer and preventing positive water hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the water level change process in the tank of the device during the power failure of the water pump.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Pressure tank; 2. Bulkhead; 3. Safety valve; 4. First connecting pipe; 5. Air valve; 6. First electric valve; 7. Second electric valve; 8. First pressure sensor; 9. Second pressure sensor; 10. Liquid level gauge; 11. Second connecting pipe; 12. Water supply pipe.

[0044] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment." The appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. The particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with the present disclosure.

[0045] The term "comprising" is open ended. As used in the appended claims, the term does not exclude additional structures or steps.

[0046] "First," "second," etc. As used herein, these terms act as labels for the nouns that precede them and do not imply any type of ordering (e.g., spatial, temporal, logical, etc.).

[0047] "Based on," as used herein, is a term used to describe one or more factors that influence a determination. The term does not exclude additional factors that influence a determination. That is, a determination may be based solely on these factors or at least in part on these factors. Consider the phrase "determining A based on B." In this case, B is a factor that influences the determination of A, and such a phrase does not exclude that the determination of A may also be based on C. In other examples, A may be determined based solely on B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] Combination Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, including a pressure tank 1, an air filling and exhaust assembly, a pressure regulating assembly, a detection assembly and a control module. The pressure tank 1 is arranged on the water supply pipeline 12. A partition is arranged inside the pressure tank 1. The partition can divide the inside of the pressure tank 1 into an upper chamber for storing gas and a lower chamber for storing water. The lower chamber is connected to the water supply pipeline 12 through a second connecting pipe 11. An air filling and exhaust assembly is installed on the outer wall of the pressure tank 1. The air filling and exhaust assembly can inflate or exhaust air into the upper chamber. The two ends of the pressure regulating assembly are connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and the pressure regulating assembly can control the connection and disconnection between the upper chamber and the lower chamber. Detection assemblies are arranged in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the detection assembly can detect the first pressure information of the gas in the upper chamber, the second pressure information of the water in the lower chamber, and the water level information in the lower chamber. The inflation and exhaust component, the pressure regulating component, and the detection component are all connected to the control module. The control module starts the inflation and exhaust component to adjust the pressure based on the pressure difference between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, so that the preset pressure difference is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information. The control module can also control the pressure regulating component to connect the upper chamber with the lower chamber to enhance the water hammer protection effect.

[0051] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes a first connecting pipe 4, an air valve 5 and a first electric valve 6, the first electric valve 6 is connected to the control module, the two ends of the first connecting pipe 4 are connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, the air valve 5 and the first electric valve 6 are arranged on the first connecting pipe 4, and the first electric valve 6 is arranged on the side of the first connecting pipe 4 closer to the lower chamber than the air valve 5. Specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of pressure regulating assemblies are arranged along the outer wall of the pressure tank 1 in an annular direction, which can serve as backup for each other.

[0052] In some embodiments, the inflation and exhaust assembly includes an air compressor and a second electric valve 7. The outer wall of the upper chamber of the pressure tank 1 is installed with the second electric valve 7 and is connected to the air compressor. The air compressor and the second electric valve 7 are both connected to the control module. The air compressor can control the inflation into the upper chamber, and the second electric valve 7 can control the exhaust of the upper chamber to the outside.

[0053] In some embodiments, the detection component includes a first pressure sensor 8 and a second pressure sensor 9, wherein the first pressure sensor 8 is disposed in the upper chamber and the second pressure sensor 9 is disposed in the lower chamber.

[0054] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the pressure tank 1 is further provided with a safety valve 3 capable of communicating with the upper chamber.

[0055] In some embodiments, the partition is a bulkhead 2, which has a downwardly convex spherical structure. The end of the first connecting pipe 4 connected to the lower chamber is arranged as close to the bulkhead 2 as possible, so that the gas in the lower chamber of the tank can be discharged as much as possible without accumulating under the bulkhead 2.

[0056] In some embodiments, the detection assembly further includes a liquid level meter 10, which can detect water level information in the lower chamber.

[0057] In some embodiments, the height of the upper chamber and the height of the lower chamber in the pressure tank 1 satisfy the following relationship:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, H a is the height of the upper chamber of the pressure tank, H w is the height of the lower chamber of the pressure tank, P max is the maximum head of the pump, ΔP is the preset pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, H d It is the lowest water level in the lower chamber.

[0060] Specifically, in order to ensure that the gas inside the upper chamber of the pressure tank 1 does not enter the lower chamber during normal operation, the gas pressure in the upper chamber is set to be 1m lower than the water pressure in the lower chamber. When the water pump is running at the highest head, ignoring the hydraulic loss of the water supply pipe 12 between the water pump and the tank body, the water pressure in the lower chamber of the tank body can be considered to be P max , where P max is the highest head of the water pump, then the gas pressure in the upper chamber is (P max -1). After the water pump loses power, the tank replenishes water to the water supply pipe 12, and the gas in the upper chamber of the tank expands and enters the lower chamber of the tank through the air valve 5. After the gas is fully expanded, the water level in the tank drops to the minimum. To ensure that the gas does not enter the water supply pipe 12, the minimum water level of the tank is set to 0.5m. According to the isothermal law of gas,

[0061] H a (P max -1+P atm )=(H a +H w -0.5)P atm

[0062] Among them, H a is the upper height of the tank, H w is the lower height of the tank, P atm In engineering, it is often assumed that atmospheric pressure is the pressure of a 10m water column, that is, P atm =10, it can be deduced that the upper height and lower height of the tank body satisfy the following relationship:

[0063]

[0064] In some implementation schemes, two operation modes are provided in the control module, and the operation modes include a normal mode and an emergency mode. When the control module receives a switching signal, the control module switches the normal mode to the emergency mode.

[0065] Furthermore, during normal operation, the control module is in normal mode to meet the requirement that the gas pressure in the upper chamber is 1m lower than the water pressure in the lower chamber. In normal mode, the control module controls the first electric valve 6 to remain in an open state, and the second electric valve 7 to be in a closed state. When the second pressure information continuously decreases or rises above a preset height within a preset time, the control module controls the inflation and exhaust assembly to adjust the upper chamber to exhaust air outward or inflate air inward, so that the preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the second sensor measures that the water pressure continuously and slowly decreases by more than 1m, the second electric valve 7 is opened, the upper chamber of the tank body is exhausted outward, and the gas pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 8 decreases. When the gas pressure is 1m lower than the water pressure, the second electric valve 7 is closed. When the second sensor measures that the water pressure continuously and slowly increases by more than 1m, the air compressor is turned on to replenish air to the upper chamber of the tank body, and the gas pressure measured by the first pressure sensor 8 increases. When the gas pressure is 1m lower than the water pressure, the air compressor is turned off.

[0066] Furthermore, after the water pump loses power, the pressure in the water supply pipe 12 decreases rapidly, the tank body replenishes water to the water supply pipe 12, and the pressure in the lower chamber of the tank body decreases, which is lower than the air pressure in the upper chamber. The air valve 5 opens quickly, and the high-pressure gas in the upper chamber of the tank body enters the lower chamber, effectively controlling the negative pressure of the water supply pipe 12. During this process, the water level in the tank body drops rapidly. In this embodiment, the switching signal is that when the water level drops continuously by more than 1m within 20s, the control module enters the emergency mode.

[0067] Furthermore, in the emergency mode, when the water level information in the lower chamber drops to the lowest water level or rises to the highest water level, the control module can control the first electric valve 6 to close or open, and repeatedly adjust it until the change amplitude between the highest water level and the adjacent lowest water level is less than the preset amplitude. The control module opens the first electric valve 6 to end the emergency mode.

[0068] Specifically, the emergency mode includes the following steps:

[0069] (1) The tank body replenishes water into the water supply pipe 12, and the water level continues to drop. As the air in the tank expands, the air pressure gradually decreases. When the air pressure drops to the minimum, the water level in the tank body also drops to the minimum. When the liquid level meter 10 detects that the water level in the lower chamber drops to the lowest point, the first electric valve 6 is quickly closed;

[0070] (2) As the pressure in the water supply pipe 12 rises, the water in the water supply pipe 12 flows back, and the water level in the lower chamber gradually rises. If the first electric valve 6 is not closed, when the pressure in the water supply pipe 12 rises to the head before the water pump is powered off, the water level in the tank rises rapidly until it reaches the bulkhead 2. The water level cannot continue to rise, and the pressure of the water supply pipe 12 cannot be adjusted, and the maximum pressure of the water supply pipe 12 is difficult to be effectively controlled.

[0071] Since the first electric valve 6 is closed in the first step, the gas in the lower chamber of the tank body is trapped, forming an air cushion, which hinders the rise of the water level in the lower chamber. When the air pressure reaches the maximum, the water level in the tank body also rises to the highest point. When the liquid level meter 10 detects that the water level in the tank body rises to the highest point, the first electric valve 6 opens quickly; after the first electric valve 6 is opened, the gas in the lower chamber of the tank body can expand upward through the air valve 5, further reducing the gas pressure in the lower chamber of the tank body, avoiding excessive gas pressure in the lower part, and the tank body is pulled empty during the water level drop process.

[0072] (3) Repeat the first and second steps above until the water level variation between the highest point and the adjacent lowest point is less than 1 m. The first electric valve 6 is quickly opened and remains open, and the emergency mode ends.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, by adopting the method of hydraulic transition process calculation, the water hammer protection effect of the air tank and the water hammer protection device in this embodiment is compared. The bottom elevation of both is 29.7m, and the top elevation is 35m. The initial water level of pressure tank 1 is 34m; the elevation of the bulkhead 2 of this device is 34m, that is, the upper height of the tank body is 1m, and the lower height is 4.3m. It can be seen that after the water pump loses power, the water level drop process of the two is basically the same, and the lowest water level is also basically the same, which is 30.27m, which shows that the protection effect of the two against negative water hammer is basically the same. The highest water level of pressure tank 1 is 34.49m, while this device adopts emergency mode for adjustment, and the highest water level is 33.72m, which is lower than the highest water level of pressure tank 1.

[0074] The implementation principle of a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline is as follows:

[0075] The device uses a bulkhead 2 to separate water and air, avoiding the use of air bags, reducing the cost, and having a beautiful structure. The bulkhead 2 is set as a downward convex spherical surface, so that when the gas is discharged from the lower chamber of the tank body, it is not easy to gather under the bulkhead 2, but returns to the upper chamber of the tank body from the first connecting pipe 4, further reducing the dissolution of the gas in the water. At the same time, the air valve 5 is hung on the tank body for easy installation and replacement.

[0076] When the water level in the tank drops, the air valve 5 opens automatically to add high-pressure gas to the lower chamber of the tank to prevent negative pressure from occurring in the pipeline; when the water level in the tank rises, the electric valve connected in series with the air valve 5 is quickly closed to trap gas to form an air cushion to hinder the increase in the water level in the tank and reduce the pressure rise in the water supply pipeline 12. At the same time, the above-mentioned operation method can accelerate the attenuation of pressure fluctuations in the water supply pipeline 12 and quickly stabilize the water supply system.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] This embodiment is an operation method of a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, which is applied to the water hammer protection device in the first embodiment, wherein two operation modes, a normal mode and an emergency mode, are provided inside a control module.

[0079] When the unit is operating in normal mode, the adjustment steps are as follows:

[0080] S1, control the first electric valve to remain in an open state and the second electric valve to be in a closed state;

[0081] S2: When the second sensor detects that the water pressure drops slowly and continuously for more than 1m, the second electric valve is opened;

[0082] S3, when the gas pressure in the upper chamber is 1m lower than the water pressure in the lower chamber, close the second electric valve;

[0083] S4. When the second sensor detects that the water pressure continues to rise slowly and exceeds 1m, turn on the air compressor;

[0084] S5. When the gas pressure in the upper chamber is 1m lower than the water pressure in the lower chamber, turn off the air compressor;

[0085] When the water level sensor detects that the water level drops continuously by more than 1m within 20s, the control module switches from normal mode to emergency mode.

[0086] When the device is operating in emergency mode, the adjustment steps are as follows:

[0087] B1. When the water level in the lower chamber of the tank drops to the lowest point, the first electric valve closes quickly.

[0088] B1.1. The time for the electric valve to close quickly is 1 to 2 seconds.

[0089] B2. When the water level in the lower chamber of the tank rises to the highest point, the first electric valve opens quickly.

[0090] B2.1. The time for the electric valve to open quickly is 1 to 2 seconds.

[0091] B3. Repeat steps B1 and B2 until the water level change between the highest point and the adjacent lowest point is less than 1 m. The first electric valve is quickly opened and remains open, and the emergency mode ends.

[0092] B3.1. The judgment principle for the water level in the lower chamber of the tank body to rise to the highest point is: the water level measured by the liquid level gauge gradually increases, and the growth rate becomes slower and slower until the growth rate is zero; the judgment principle for the water level in the lower chamber of the tank body to drop to the lowest point is: the water level measured by the liquid level gauge gradually decreases, and the decreasing speed becomes slower and slower until the decreasing speed is zero.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, characterized in that: include: A pressure tank (1) is arranged on a water supply pipe (12), wherein a partition is arranged inside the pressure tank (1), wherein the partition can divide the interior of the pressure tank (1) into an upper chamber for storing gas and a lower chamber for storing water, wherein the lower chamber is connected to the water supply pipe (12); An air-filling and exhausting assembly is mounted on the outer wall of the pressure tank (1), and the air-filling and exhausting assembly is capable of inflating or exhausting air into the upper chamber; A pressure regulating component, the two ends of which are connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively, and can control the connection and disconnection between the upper chamber and the lower chamber; A detection component is disposed in the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the detection component can detect first pressure information of the gas in the upper chamber, second pressure information of the water in the lower chamber, and water level information in the lower chamber; A control module is connected to the air filling and exhaust component, the pressure regulating component, and the detection component. Based on the pressure difference between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, the control module starts the air filling and exhaust component to adjust the pressure so that a preset pressure difference is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information. The control module can control the pressure regulating component to connect the upper chamber with the lower chamber to enhance the water hammer protection effect.

2. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating assembly comprises a first connecting pipe (4), an air valve (5) and a first electric valve (6); the first electric valve (6) is connected to the control module; two ends of the first connecting pipe (4) are connected to the upper chamber and the lower chamber respectively; the air valve (5) and the first electric valve (6) are arranged on the first connecting pipe (4).

3. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflation and exhaust assembly comprises an air compressor and a second electric valve (7); the second electric valve (7) is installed on the outer wall of the upper chamber of the pressure tank (1) and is connected to the air compressor; the air compressor and the second electric valve (7) are both connected to the control module; the air compressor can control the inflation into the upper chamber, and the second electric valve (7) can control the exhaust of the upper chamber to the outside.

4. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module is provided with two operation modes, including a normal mode and an emergency mode. When the control module receives a switching signal, the control module switches the normal mode to the emergency mode.

5. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that: The normal mode is to control the second electric valve (7) or the air compressor to open through the control module. When the second pressure information continuously decreases or increases beyond a preset value within a preset time, the control module controls the inflation and exhaust assembly to adjust the upper chamber to exhaust air outwards or inflate air inwards, so that a preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information.

6. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switching signal is that the water level information drops rapidly and exceeds a preset value within a preset time. The emergency mode is that when the water level information in the lower chamber drops to the lowest water level or rises to the highest water level, the control module can control the first electric valve (6) to close or open, and repeatedly adjust until the change range between the highest point water level and the adjacent lowest point water level is less than the preset range. The control module opens the first electric valve (6) to end the emergency mode.

7. A water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition is a bulkhead (2) which is a downwardly convex spherical structure. The end of the first connecting pipe (4) connected to the lower chamber is arranged close to the bulkhead (2).

8. The water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component comprises a first pressure sensor (8), a second pressure sensor (9) and a liquid level gauge (10); the first pressure sensor (8) is arranged in the upper chamber, the second pressure sensor (9) and the liquid level gauge (10) are arranged in the lower chamber, the first pressure sensor (8), the second pressure sensor (9) and the liquid level gauge (10) are all communicatively connected to the control module, the first pressure sensor (8) can detect the first pressure information in the upper chamber, the second pressure sensor (9) can detect the second pressure information in the lower chamber, and the liquid level gauge (10) can detect the water level information in the lower chamber.

9. The water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the upper chamber and the height of the lower chamber in the pressure tank (1) satisfy the following relationship: Among them, H a is the height of the upper chamber of the pressure tank, H w is the height of the lower chamber of the pressure tank, P max is the maximum head of the pump, ΔP is the preset pressure difference between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, H d It is the lowest water level in the lower chamber.

10. The water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pressure tank (1) is also provided with a safety valve (3) capable of communicating with the upper chamber, and the lower chamber is connected to the water supply pipeline (12) via the second connecting pipe (11).

11. A method for operating a water hammer protection device for a water supply pipeline, characterized in that: The water hammer protection device is the water hammer protection device according to claim 2, and the operation method includes a normal mode and an emergency mode; When the water hammer protection device is in normal mode, the following steps are involved: A1. The first electric valve (6) remains in an open state, and the charging and exhausting assembly remains in a closed state; A2. If it is measured that the second pressure information continuously and slowly decreases and exceeds a preset pressure difference value, the inflation and exhaust component is opened to control the upper chamber to exhaust until the preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, and the inflation and exhaust component is closed; A3. If it is measured that the second pressure information rises slowly and continuously and exceeds the preset pressure difference value, the inflation and exhaust component is opened to control the upper chamber to replenish air until the preset pressure difference value is maintained between the first pressure information and the second pressure information, and the inflation and exhaust component is closed; When it is detected that the water level information continuously drops by more than a preset water level difference within a preset time, the normal mode is switched to the emergency mode; When the water hammer protection device is in emergency mode, the following steps are involved: B1. When the water level in the lower chamber drops to the lowest water level, the first electric valve (6) is closed; B2. When the water level in the lower chamber rises to the highest water level, the first electric valve (6) opens; B3, repeating steps B1 and B2 until the water level change amplitude between the highest point and the adjacent lowest point is less than the preset amplitude, and the first electric valve (6) is opened and remains open, thus ending the emergency mode.

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