Tunnel waterproof structure and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel waterproof structure and an installation method thereof. The mounting method comprises the steps that geotechnical cloth is laid on the wall face of the tunnel; pressing a plurality of gaskets on the outer surface of the geotechnical cloth; connecting pieces penetrate through the liner and the geotechnical cloth, so that the tail ends of the connecting pieces are embedded into the wall body of the tunnel; a waterproof plate is laid on the outer surface of the geotechnical cloth, so that the periphery of the liner is sleeved with a hanging ring defined by a waterproof plate body and at least one hanging belt on the inner surface in the vertical plane or the radial plane of the tunnel, and at least part of the hanging belt is arranged between the liner and the geotechnical cloth in a pressed mode. According to the mounting method, the structure of the waterproof plate does not need to be damaged, the integrity and stability of the structure of the waterproof plate are effectively guaranteed, and the possibility of tunnel water seepage can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel waterproofing, and in particular to a tunnel waterproofing structure and an installation method thereof, and an installation method of a tunnel waterproofing structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the ground, mainly used in the fields of transportation, municipal engineering, water conservancy and mining engineering. Tunnels can be divided into transportation tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, military tunnels, etc. The construction of tunnels can overcome terrain obstacles, improve traffic conditions, shorten mileage, increase transportation capacity, and have significant economic benefits.

[0003] Since the tunnel is buried in the ground, it is prone to water seepage accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a waterproof structure on the tunnel body to ensure the safety of the tunnel's own structure, the safety of traffic in the tunnel, the safety of facilities, etc.

[0004] In the related art, the waterproof board is directly fixed to the wall in the tunnel by nailing, and the penetration of the nails is repaired by cold bonding to form a waterproof structure. However, nailing will cause irreparable damage to the structure of the waterproof board itself, and water seepage is also likely to occur after the nail penetration is repaired. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing methods, the present application proposes a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure to solve the technical problem in the related technology that nail shooting may cause irreparable damage to the structure of the waterproof board itself.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure, comprising: Laying geotextiles on the walls of the tunnel; A plurality of pads are pressed onto the outer surface of the geotextile; Connectors are used to penetrate the liner and geotextile so that the ends of the connectors are buried in the tunnel wall; A waterproof board is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile so that in the vertical plane or the radial plane of the tunnel, the waterproof board body and the ring formed by at least one sling on the inner surface are both sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner, and the sling is at least partially pressed between the liner and the geotextile.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, before laying geotextile on the wall of the tunnel, the following steps are included: Pre-treat the building materials exposed on the tunnel surface; A concrete layer is sprayed on the pre-treated blank surface to form the wall of the tunnel; the unevenness of the wall does not exceed 5 cm.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, the building material exposed on the blank surface is pre-treated, including at least one of the following: Grind away the exposed steel bars on the tunnel surface; Cut and rivet the exposed pipes on the tunnel surface, and fill the pipe openings with mortar; Cut off the portion of the top of the anchor rod that protrudes beyond the designed distance from the blank surface, and cover the top with a plastic cap.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the connection member includes a cement nail; The ends of the cement nails are anchored in the concrete layer.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, a waterproof sheet is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile, including: Along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the tunnel wall, a plurality of waterproof boards are laid in sequence toward both sides, and the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards are overlapped and bonded.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, at the overlapped portion of any two adjacent waterproof boards, the edge of the waterproof board with a higher vertical position is located on the inner side, and the edge of the waterproof board with a lower vertical position is located on the outer side.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, after laying a plurality of waterproof boards in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the tunnel wall and toward both sides, and making the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards overlap and bond, the method further includes: Perform pressure testing on the cavity between the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel waterproof structure installed by the installation method of any tunnel waterproof structure provided in the first aspect above, comprising: Geotextile, laid on the walls of the tunnel; A plurality of liners are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the geotextile; Connectors, which penetrate the liner and geotextile and are buried in the tunnel wall at their ends; The waterproof board is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile. In the vertical plane or the radial plane of the tunnel, the waterproof board body and at least one sling on the inner surface of the waterproof board are formed into a ring and are sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner. The sling is at least partially pressed between the liner and the geotextile.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, the connecting member includes a cement nail, a gasket is provided between the nail cap of the cement nail and the liner, and the nail column of the cement nail passes through the gasket.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the edge portions of any two adjacent waterproof boards overlap and are bonded to each other at the edges, and a cavity is formed in the unbonded area between the edge portions of any two adjacent waterproof boards.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include: A geotextile is laid on the wall of the tunnel as a base, and a connector is used to fix the liner and the geotextile to the wall as a whole. The liner and the geotextile are relatively fixed, and the liner provides support for the waterproof board; the waterproof board includes a main body and a sling arranged on the inner surface, and the sling and the main body of the waterproof board are enclosed to form a flexible ring-shaped hanging ring, and the hanging ring is set on the outer periphery of the liner, so that at least part of the sling is pressed between the liner and the geotextile, and then the waterproof board is hung on the liner through the hanging ring, which can enhance the firmness and reliability of the waterproof board laid on the tunnel wall. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application does not need to cause damage to the structure of the waterproof board itself, effectively ensures the integrity and stability of the waterproof board's own structure, and can reduce the possibility of tunnel water seepage.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, which will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process of pre-treating the steel bars 22 exposed on the blank surface 21 of the tunnel in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process of pre-treating a pipe 23 exposed on a blank surface 21 of a tunnel in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process of pre-treating an anchor rod 24 exposed on a tunnel blank surface 21 in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure after a sprayed concrete layer 26 is formed in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a connector 13 is used to penetrate a liner 12 and a geotextile 11 in an installation method of a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, so that the end of the connector 13 is buried in the wall of the tunnel; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application after laying a waterproof board 14; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure after laying a waterproof board 14 in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a cavity 15 formed after laying a waterproof board 14 in a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Reference numerals: 100-Tunnel waterproof structure; 11-geotextile; 12-liner; 13-connector; 14-waterproof board; 141-sling; 15-cavity; 16-gasket; 17-adhesive; 200-wall; 21-blank surface; 22-rebar; 23-pipeline; 24-anchor rod; 25-plastic cap; 26-concrete layer; 27-mortar; 28-surrounding rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present application. It should be understood that the implementation methods described below in conjunction with the drawings are exemplary descriptions for explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0021] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless specifically stated, the "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the wording "including" used in the specification of the present application refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the implementation of other features, information, data, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof supported by the present technical field. It should be understood that when we say that an element is "connected" or "coupled" to another element, the element may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or it may refer to the connection relationship between the element and the other element through an intermediate element. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" used herein refers to at least one of the items defined by the term, for example, "A and / or B" may be implemented as "A", or as "B", or as "A and B".

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The research and development ideas of this application include: Tunnels are engineering structures buried in the ground, mainly used in the fields of transportation, municipal engineering, water conservancy and mining engineering. Tunnels can be divided into transportation tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, military tunnels, etc. The construction of tunnels can overcome terrain obstacles, improve traffic conditions, shorten mileage, increase transportation capacity, and have significant economic benefits.

[0024] Since the tunnel is buried in the ground, it is prone to water seepage accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a waterproof structure on the tunnel body. Generally, the waterproof board is fixed to the wall of the tunnel to prevent water that penetrates the wall from leaking into the tunnel and affecting the safety of facilities and driving in the tunnel. It also prevents the waterproof board's own structure from being damaged due to leakage.

[0025] In the related art, nails are directly used to fix the waterproof board to the wall in the tunnel at multiple locations, and then the penetration points of the nails are repaired by cold bonding to form a waterproof structure. However, nails will cause irreparable damage to the structure of the waterproof board itself, and water seepage is also likely to occur after the penetration points of the nails are repaired.

[0026] The installation method of the tunnel waterproof structure provided in this application is intended to solve the above technical problems of the related technology.

[0027] The following is a detailed description of the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above technical problems with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following implementations can refer to, draw on or combine with each other, and the same terms, similar features and similar implementation steps in different implementations will not be described repeatedly.

[0028] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure 100. The flowchart of the method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes steps S101 to S104: S101: Laying geotextile 11 on the wall surface 200 of the tunnel.

[0029] S102: A plurality of pads 12 are pressed onto the outer surface of the geotextile 11 .

[0030] S103: Use the connector 13 to penetrate the liner 12 and the geotextile 11, so that the end of the connector 13 is buried in the wall of the tunnel.

[0031] Optionally, the structural schematic diagram obtained after S103 is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0032] S104: Lay a waterproof board 14 on the outer surface of the geotextile 11 so that in a vertical plane or a radial plane of the tunnel, a sling formed by a main body of the waterproof board 14 and at least one sling 141 on the inner surface are both sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner 12, and the sling 141 is at least partially pressed between the liner 12 and the geotextile 11.

[0033] Optionally, the structural schematic diagram obtained after S104 is as follows Figure 7-Figure 8 shown.

[0034] In this embodiment, geotextile 11 is laid on the wall 200 of the tunnel as a base, and the liner 12 and geotextile 11 are fixed to the wall 200 as a whole by using the connector 13. The liner 12 is relatively fixed to the geotextile 11, and the liner 12 provides support for the waterproof board 14; the waterproof board 14 includes a main body and a sling 141 arranged on the inner surface, and the sling 141 and the main body of the waterproof board 14 are enclosed to form a flexible ring-shaped hanging ring, and the hanging ring is set on the outer periphery of the liner 12, so that at least part of the sling 141 is pressed between the liner 12 and the geotextile 11, and then the waterproof board 14 is hung on the liner 12 through the hanging ring, which can enhance the firmness and reliability of the waterproof board 14 laid on the tunnel wall 200. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application does not need to damage the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, effectively ensuring the integrity and stability of the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, and can reduce the possibility of tunnel water seepage.

[0035] Optionally, the geotextile 11 can be a non-woven geotextile 11, which is hung on a special waterproof board 14 laying stand and laid from the top to both sides, that is, from top to bottom. When overlapping, the lower geotextile 11 should press the upper geotextile 11, and the tightness of the joints should be appropriate and leave a margin to ensure that the entire inner surface of the geotextile 11 can reach the surrounding rock 28.

[0036] Optionally, the waterproof board 14 uses an ECB waterproof board 14, which is a homogeneous waterproof sheet made of ethylene-vinyl acetate modified asphalt blended resin as a base material, with additives such as anti-aging agents, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers added, and is formed by extrusion, calendaring, and shaping. The waterproof board 14 of the present application uses a heat-sealed welded hanging ring laying process and is fixed by connecting the hanging ring to cement nails.

[0037] The research and development ideas of the present application include: during the construction of the tunnel, some building materials are exposed on the tunnel blank surface 21, affecting the laying process of the waterproof board 14. Therefore, the present application also provides the following embodiment.

[0038] In some possible embodiments, before laying the geotextile 11 on the wall 200 of the tunnel in the above step S101, the following steps are included: The building materials exposed on the blank surface 21 of the tunnel are pre-treated.

[0039] A concrete layer 26 is sprayed on the pre-treated blank surface 21 to form a tunnel wall 200; the concave and convex amount of the wall 200 does not exceed 5 cm. Optionally, the structural schematic diagram of the wall 200 obtained after spraying the concrete layer 26 can be referred to Figure 5 , where the concave and convex amount of the wall 200 does not exceed 5 cm, which is within the design standard range.

[0040] In this embodiment, before laying the geotextile 11, the building materials of the blank surface 21 exposed to the tunnel are pre-treated to ensure the flatness of the blank surface 21 as much as possible. The concrete layer 26 is sprayed on the blank surface 21 to form the wall surface 200 of the tunnel. The flatness of the blank surface 21 can ensure good adhesion between the concrete layer 26 and the blank surface 21, so that the wall surface 200 has a certain strength and stability. It can also ensure that the surface unevenness of the concrete layer 26 is controlled below 5 cm, thereby ensuring the flatness of the wall surface 200, which is convenient for the later laying of the geotextile 11 and the waterproof board 14.

[0041] Optionally, a rough surface 21 has been formed on the surface of the surrounding rock 28 of the tunnel, and the rough surface 21 may also include concrete. After pre-processing the rough surface 21, a concrete layer 26 is sprayed on the rough surface 21, and the formed wall surface 200 has a higher flatness.

[0042] In some possible embodiments, the above steps of pre-treating the building materials exposed on the blank surface 21 include the following steps: The exposed steel bars 22 of the tunnel blank surface 21 are ground flat.

[0043] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, during the construction process, some steel bars 22 may be exposed on the tunnel blank surface 21. The protruding part of the steel bars 22 can be cut off first, and then the ends of the steel bars 22 can be riveted flat with a hammer or other tools to make the steel bars 22 and the blank surface 21 as flat as possible. After the ends of the steel bars 22 are riveted flat, the mortar 27 is applied to the steel bars 22 to further make the exposed steel bars 22 on the blank surface 21 flat.

[0044] In some possible embodiments, the above steps of pre-treating the building materials exposed on the blank surface 21 include the following steps: The exposed pipe 23 of the tunnel blank surface 21 is cut off and riveted flat, and the opening of the pipe 23 is filled with mortar 27.

[0045] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, during the construction process, some pipes 23 may be exposed on the tunnel blank surface 21. The exposed pipes 23 are cut off, and then the ends of the pipes 23 are riveted flat with a hammer or other tools. Next, mortar 27 is filled at the opening of the pipe 23 to seal the opening of the pipe 23, so that the pipe 23 and the blank surface 21 are as flat as possible.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, the above steps of pre-treating the building materials exposed on the blank surface 21 include the following steps: The portion of the top end of the anchor rod 24 that protrudes beyond the blank surface 21 beyond the designed distance is cut off, and a plastic cap 25 is provided on the top end.

[0047] In this embodiment, if Figure 4As shown, during the construction process, some anchor rods 24 may be exposed on the tunnel blank surface 21. The anchor rods 24 of the designed length may be cut off to facilitate covering with plastic caps 25 to protect the anchor rods 24 and avoid negative impact on the function or effect of the anchor rods 24 themselves when the anchor rods 24 are cut off.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the connection member 13 comprises a cement nail.

[0049] The ends of the cement nails are anchored in the concrete layer 26 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the concrete layer 26 has a certain thickness, and the ends of the cement nails are anchored in the concrete layer 26 , so that the geotextile 11 and the liner 12 are fixed to the wall surface 200 .

[0051] In some possible embodiments, laying the waterproof board 14 on the outer surface of the geotextile 11 in the above step includes the following steps: Along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the tunnel wall 200, a plurality of waterproof boards 14 are laid in sequence toward both sides, and the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 are overlapped and bonded.

[0052] In this embodiment, waterproof boards 14 can be laid in sequence starting from the highest point of the tunnel toward both sides. The edges of adjacent waterproof boards 14 overlap to form joints, which are pressed and restrained against each other, thereby improving the relative stability between the waterproof boards 14.

[0053] In some possible embodiments, a heat sealer may be used to bond the edges of adjacent waterproof panels 14 together by double welding, and the panels may be bonded while being laid.

[0054] In some possible embodiments, at the overlapped portion of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 , the edge of the waterproof board 14 with a higher vertical position is located on the inner side, and the edge of the waterproof board 14 with a lower vertical position is located on the outer side.

[0055] In this embodiment, the higher waterproof board 14 is laid first, and the lower waterproof board 14 is laid later. At the overlap of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14, the first-laid waterproof board 14 is closer to the wall surface 200, and the later-laid waterproof board 14 is pressed outside the first-laid waterproof board 14, so that the adjacent waterproof boards 14 restrict each other, which can improve the relative stability between the waterproof boards 14. Moreover, when water flows from a high place to a low place, it can be directly blocked by the lower waterproof board 14, preventing water from leaking from the joints between adjacent waterproof boards 14.

[0056] In some possible embodiments, the above steps of laying a plurality of waterproof boards 14 in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the tunnel wall 200, toward both sides, and making the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 overlap and bond, further include the following steps: The pressure of the cavity 15 between the edges of any two adjacent waterproof plates 14 is tested.

[0057] In this embodiment, if Fig. 9 As shown, the edges of any two adjacent waterproof sheets 14 overlap, and in the overlapping portion, the surrounding areas are bonded, and the middle area is not bonded, forming a cavity 15. By performing pressure testing on the cavity 15, it is determined whether the bonding meets the standard, thereby avoiding the accident of the waterproof sheet 14 falling off due to loose bonding, which affects the waterproof effect.

[0058] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a tunnel waterproof structure 100 installed based on the installation method provided in any of the above embodiments, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the tunnel waterproof structure 100 includes: a geotextile 11, a plurality of pads 12, a plurality of connectors 13 and a waterproof board 14.

[0059] The geotextile 11 is laid on the wall surface 200 of the tunnel.

[0060] A plurality of pads 12 are arranged on the outer surface of the geotextile 11 at intervals.

[0061] The connector 13 passes through the liner 12 and the geotextile 11, and the end thereof is buried in the wall of the tunnel.

[0062] The waterproof board 14 is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile 11. In the vertical plane or the radial plane of the tunnel, the main body of the waterproof board 14 and at least one sling 141 on the inner surface of the waterproof board 14 form a sling formed by both being sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner 12, and the sling 141 is at least partially pressed between the liner 12 and the geotextile 11.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the tunnel waterproof structure 100 is installed by using any of the installation methods of the tunnel waterproof structure 100 provided in the above embodiments. The geotextile 11 is laid on the wall 200 of the tunnel as a base, and the connector 13 fixes the liner 12 and the geotextile 11 to the wall 200 as a whole, so that the liner 12 and the geotextile 11 are relatively fixed; the inner surface of the waterproof board 14 is provided with a sling 141, and the sling 141 and the inner surface of the waterproof board 14 are enclosed to form a ring, and the ring is set on the outer periphery of the liner 12, so that at least part of the sling 141 is pressed between the liner 12 and the geotextile 11, and then the waterproof board 14 is hung on the liner 12, so as to realize the laying of the waterproof board 14 on the tunnel wall 200. The embodiment of the present application does not need to damage the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, effectively ensures the integrity and stability of the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, and can reduce the possibility of tunnel water seepage.

[0064] In some possible embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the connecting member 13 includes a cement nail, a gasket 16 is provided between the nail cap of the cement nail and the liner 12 , and the nail column of the cement nail passes through the gasket 16 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the gasket 16 is disposed between the nail cap of the cement nail and the liner 12 , which can increase the connection strength between the cement nail and the liner 12 and effectively prevent the connection between the cement nail and the liner 12 from loosening or breaking.

[0066] Optionally, the length of the cement nail is 50 mm. The cement nail needs to be embedded in the wall 26 or 28 to a certain length to provide sufficient stability for geotextile 11 and other components, and cannot be too short; and, considering the convenience and cost of transportation and construction, it cannot be too long. The length of the cement nail is 50 mm, which can take into account factors such as stability and cost.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 overlap and are bonded to each other at the edges, and the unbonded area between the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 forms a cavity 15 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the edges of any two adjacent waterproof sheets 14 overlap, and the surrounding area of ​​the overlapping area is firmly bonded with adhesive 17, and the middle area is not bonded, forming a cavity 15. By performing pressure testing on the cavity 15, it is determined whether the bonding meets the standard, thereby avoiding the accident of the waterproof sheet 14 falling off due to loose bonding, which affects the waterproof effect.

[0069] In some possible embodiments, the width of the overlapping area of ​​the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14 is not less than 100 mm and not more than half the width of the waterproof board 14 , which can reduce the possibility of water leakage at the joints and improve the bonding strength between the waterproof boards 14 .

[0070] In some possible embodiments, the wall 200 includes: an arch top portion and side wall portions connected to two sides of the arch top portion.

[0071] At the top of the arch, the number of the connecting members 13 per square meter is 3 or 4, which can take into account factors such as stability and cost.

[0072] In the side wall portion, the number of the connecting members 13 per square meter is 2 or 3, which can take into account factors such as stability and cost.

[0073] By applying the embodiments of the present application, at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved: 1. A geotextile 11 is laid on the wall 200 of the tunnel as a base, and a connector 13 is used to fix the liner 12 and the geotextile 11 to the wall 200 as a whole. The liner 12 is relatively fixed to the geotextile 11, and the liner 12 provides support for the waterproof board 14; the waterproof board 14 includes a main body and a sling 141 arranged on the inner surface. The sling 141 and the main body of the waterproof board 14 are enclosed to form a flexible ring-shaped hanging ring, and the hanging ring is set on the outer periphery of the liner 12, so that at least part of the sling 141 is pressed between the liner 12 and the geotextile 11, and then the waterproof board 14 is hung on the liner 12 through the hanging ring, which can enhance the firmness and reliability of the waterproof board 14 laid on the tunnel wall 200. Moreover, the embodiment of the present application does not need to damage the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, effectively ensuring the integrity and stability of the structure of the waterproof board 14 itself, and can reduce the possibility of tunnel water seepage.

[0074] 2. Before laying the geotextile 11, pre-treat the building materials of the blank surface 21 exposed to the tunnel to ensure the flatness of the blank surface 21 as much as possible. Spray the concrete layer 26 on the blank surface 21 to form the wall surface 200 of the tunnel. The flatness of the blank surface 21 can ensure good adhesion between the concrete layer 26 and the blank surface 21, so that the wall surface 200 has a certain strength and stability. It can also ensure that the surface unevenness of the concrete layer 26 is controlled below 5 cm, thereby ensuring the flatness of the wall surface 200, which is convenient for the later laying of the geotextile 11 and the waterproof board 14.

[0075] 3. Waterproof boards 14 can be laid in sequence from the highest point of the tunnel toward both sides. The edges of adjacent waterproof boards 14 overlap to form joints, which are pressed and restrained against each other, thereby improving the relative stability between the waterproof boards 14.

[0076] 4. The higher waterproof board 14 is laid first, and the lower waterproof board 14 is laid later. At the overlap of any two adjacent waterproof boards 14, the first-laid waterproof board 14 is closer to the wall surface 200, and the later-laid waterproof board 14 is pressed outside the first-laid waterproof board 14, so that the adjacent waterproof boards 14 restrict each other, which can improve the relative stability between the waterproof boards 14. Moreover, when water flows from high to low, it can be directly blocked by the lower waterproof board 14, preventing water from leaking from the joints between adjacent waterproof boards 14.

[0077] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0078] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] The above is only a partial implementation method of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the technical concept of the scheme of the present application, other similar implementation methods based on the technical ideas of the present application are also within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure, characterized in that: include: Laying geotextiles on the walls of the tunnel; A plurality of pads are pressed onto the outer surface of the geotextile; A connector is used to penetrate the liner and the geotextile so that the end of the connector is buried in the wall of the tunnel; A waterproof board is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile so that the waterproof board body and at least one sling formed by the inner surface in the vertical plane or the radial plane of the tunnel are both sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner, and the sling is at least partially pressed between the liner and the geotextile.

2. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before laying geotextile on the tunnel wall, including: Pre-treating the building materials exposed on the blank surface of the tunnel; A concrete layer is sprayed on the pre-treated blank surface to form the wall of the tunnel; the concave-convex amount of the wall does not exceed 5 cm.

3. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Pre-treating the building materials exposed on the blank surface includes at least one of the following: Grinding the exposed steel bars on the blank surface of the tunnel; Cutting and riveting the exposed pipes on the blank surface of the tunnel, and filling the pipe openings with mortar; The portion of the top end of the anchor rod protruding beyond the blank surface beyond the designed distance is cut off, and a plastic cap is provided on the top end.

4. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting piece includes a cement nail; The end of the cement nail is anchored in the concrete layer.

5. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof sheet is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile, including: Along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the wall surface of the tunnel, a plurality of the waterproof boards are laid in sequence toward both sides, and the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards are overlapped and bonded.

6. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: At the overlapping point of any two adjacent waterproof boards, the edge of the waterproof board with a higher vertical position is located on the inner side, and the edge of the waterproof board with a lower vertical position is located on the outer side.

7. The method for installing a tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the circumference of the tunnel, starting from the highest point of the wall of the tunnel, a plurality of the waterproof boards are laid in sequence toward both sides, and after the edges of any two adjacent waterproof boards are overlapped and bonded, the method further includes: The pressure of the cavity between the edges of any two adjacent waterproof plates is tested.

8. A tunnel waterproof structure installed based on the tunnel waterproof structure installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Geotextile, used for laying on the wall of the tunnel; A plurality of pads are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the geotextile; A connector, which passes through the liner and the geotextile and has an end buried in the wall of the tunnel; A waterproof board is laid on the outer surface of the geotextile, and a ring formed by a main body of the waterproof board and at least one sling on the inner surface of the waterproof board in a vertical plane or a radial plane of the tunnel is sleeved on the outer periphery of the liner, and the sling is at least partially pressed between the liner and the geotextile.

9. The tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting piece comprises a cement nail, a gasket is arranged between the nail cap of the cement nail and the liner, and the nail column of the cement nail passes through the gasket.

10. The tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The edge portions of any two adjacent waterproof boards overlap and are bonded to each other at the edges, and the unbonded area between the edge portions of any two adjacent waterproof boards forms a cavity.

Images