Self-moving type split supporting system for fully-mechanized excavation roadway and using method of self-moving type split supporting system

Abstract

The invention relates to a fully-mechanized excavation roadway self-moving type split supporting system and a using method, a self-moving type split supporting unit comprises a lateral moving driving device, a forward moving driving device, a supporting plate device and a stand column hydraulic cylinder, and actions of unfolding, contracting, lateral moving, forward moving and the like of the self-moving type split supporting unit are achieved through cooperation of the six hydraulic cylinders. The self-moving type split supporting system is composed of two or more self-moving type split supporting units, the self-moving type split supporting units are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a coal mine roadway and are arranged at the same distance in the heading direction of the heading machine, and each self-moving type split supporting unit comprises a contraction state and an expansion state. The self-moving split support units in the contraction state can pass through a gap between a coal mine tunnel and a heading machine, and circularly move to a head-on tunnel without interference to carry out advance support. Long-distance advance supporting can be achieved by increasing the number of the self-moving type split supporting units, sufficient time is reserved for anchor protection operation, and the roadway tunneling efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced support for comprehensive tunneling, and in particular relates to a self-moving split support system for comprehensive tunneling and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous update of unmanned and automated coal mining machinery, the speed of fully mechanized mining is getting faster and faster, and most mines are facing the problem of unbalanced mining ratio. The ground pressure in deep mines is extremely high, which leads to a sudden increase in the difficulty of tunnel support. There has been no fundamental breakthrough in tunneling support technology and equipment, and the sequential operation method of one tunneling machine is still used, and the tunneling machine operation rate is less than 30%.

[0003] At present, my country's comprehensive excavation working faces mostly adopt three methods: one is to use a tunnel boring machine to excavate with temporary support, or to use a digging and anchoring machine to achieve comprehensive excavation. The main drawback of this method is that the time for excavation and support operations is very different. Compared with the excavation speed, the anchoring time accounts for 50% to 70% of the total working time, which seriously affects the overall comprehensive excavation efficiency. The second is to use a tunnel boring machine in conjunction with a rapid support platform and an anchoring device or a scaffolding device for collaborative operation. This has been proven to have good technical effects in some mining companies, but there are also problems such as repeated support of the roof leading to roof crushing, short support distance, and low level of intelligence, making it difficult to achieve true parallel operation of excavation, anchoring and support. The third is to use TBM for excavation operations. Its advantages are high levels of automation and intelligence in operations, but its disadvantages are high investment costs and low excavation flexibility, which makes it difficult to adapt to most mining companies.

[0004] To solve the above problems, patents "CN111605466B", "CN113882889B" and "CN106050284A" are typical representatives. Special equipment is required to transport the gantry support to the headway. This type of special equipment can move the gantry support from the back side of the roadway to the headway, so as to solve the problem of repeated support of the roadway. This type of solution has generally solved the problem of repeated support of the roadway. However, its defects still restrict the development of support equipment and affect the support effect of the roadway, as follows:

[0005] 1) The transporter equipment has poor maneuverability and is not flexible in turning.

[0006] The above-mentioned scheme for transporting gantry brackets by special equipment has been disclosed. A gantry bracket transporter is used, and the gantry bracket transporter needs to be adjusted repeatedly to ensure the accuracy of the gantry bracket installation position. In addition, the narrow lane makes it more difficult to adjust the whole vehicle, which is not conducive to the rapid transportation of the gantry bracket.

[0007] 2) The lifting and transportation device of the advance support equipment is relatively complex and has poor adaptability.

[0008] In the above-mentioned disclosed advance support equipment transportation, a lifting and transportation device is set up inside the portal support structure. However, since the structure of the lifting device is too complicated, the device for grabbing the support is burdened with a large load during underground working under relatively harsh conditions, and the strength and positioning requirements of the lifting device are high. It is also difficult to adjust the position of the support. Moreover, when the portal support is retracted, it has a great impact on the portal support that is generating high constant resistance during transportation, and the mechanical coupling performance between the portal support and the surrounding rock is reduced. Therefore, the transportation effect of the support is general, which leads to the inability to follow up the tunneling machine in time, affecting the overall tunneling efficiency.

[0009] 3) The coordinated operation capability between the advance support equipment and the tunneling equipment is poor, and the overall work efficiency of coal tunnel construction is not high.

[0010] The above-mentioned advance support equipment disclosed above is difficult to directly provide timely support to the 1-2 meter tunnel behind the cutting surface of the tunnel boring machine due to its large structural size, and it is difficult to achieve coordinated operation with the tunnel boring equipment; thus, the overall working performance of the comprehensive excavation working face equipment system cannot be fully utilized, and the overall working efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-moving split support system for a fully mechanized tunnel and a method of using the system. The equipment has a high degree of automation, strong adaptability, flexible movement, and is easy to operate, providing a solution to the above-mentioned background technology.

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: a self-moving split support system for a comprehensive excavation tunnel, comprising two or more self-moving split support units; the self-moving split support unit realizes the expansion, contraction, lateral movement and forward movement of the self-moving split support unit by the cooperation of six hydraulic cylinders, the self-moving split support unit has a contracted state and an expanded state, and can be switched between the contracted state and the expanded state; the self-moving split support unit in the contracted state is half the volume of the self-moving split support unit in the expanded state, the self-moving split support units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coal mine tunnel and at regular intervals in the forward direction of the tunneling machine, and the self-moving split support units in the contracted state can pass through the gap between the coal mine tunnel and the tunneling machine, and move to the headway in a circular manner without interference to perform advance support.

[0013] The self-moving split support unit includes a side shifting drive device, a forward shifting drive device, a support plate device, a column hydraulic cylinder, a side top hydraulic cylinder, and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The side shifting drive device is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder by bolts, and the upper and lower flanges on the top of the column hydraulic cylinder are connected to the forward shifting drive device by bolts. The support plate device is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder and a plurality of articulated lifting ear bases are welded on the support plate device. The end of the side top hydraulic cylinder is articulatedly connected to the articulated base of the support plate device by a pin shaft, the support plate device is articulatedly connected to the lifting ear of the forward shifting drive device by a pin shaft, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder is articulatedly connected to the lifting ear of the forward shifting drive device by a pin shaft, and the lifting ear base of the support plate device is articulatedly connected to the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder by a pin shaft.

[0014] The side-shift driving device includes a side-shift guide rail shaft, a side-shift hydraulic cylinder, a side-shift inner base and a side-shift outer base; the side-shift guide rail shaft is welded on the inner side of the side-shift outer base, the side-shift guide rail shaft is slidably matched with the side-shift inner base, the side-shift hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the side-shift outer base and the side-shift inner base through a pin shaft, the side-shift hydraulic cylinder moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the side-shift outer base moves a certain distance relative to the side-shift inner base, so as to complete the side-shift action.

[0015] The forward driving device includes a top beam, a sliding platform, and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder; the rear of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding platform by bolts and nuts, and the front of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top beam by threads. There is a sliding slider inside the sliding platform. The propulsion hydraulic cylinder moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam moves a certain distance relative to the sliding platform, so as to complete the forward movement.

[0016] The support plate device includes a first support plate, a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a second support plate, a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and a third support plate; the first support plate is hingedly connected to the second support plate through a pin shaft, the lifting lug of the first support plate is hingedly connected to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder through a pin shaft, the lifting lug of the second support plate is hingedly connected to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder through a pin shaft, the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the lifting lug of the third support plate are hingedly connected to the pin shaft, and a sliding groove is provided in the second support plate to slide with the third support plate.

[0017] A method for using a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel, wherein the contraction and movement process of the self-moving split support system comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: In the unfolded state, the self-moving split support unit is retracted by the side top hydraulic cylinder, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder under hydraulic drive for a certain distance, and the self-moving split support unit is in the retracted state;

[0019] S2: The column hydraulic cylinder is retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the descending operation;

[0020] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage;

[0021] S4: The side-shift hydraulic cylinder is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the side-shift process stage;

[0022] S5: After S4 moves sideways for a certain distance and reaches a predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder shrinks a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the outer base moves sideways off the ground;

[0023] S6: The side-moving outer base leaves the ground, and the hydraulic cylinder is pushed to extend a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the side-moving outer base completes the forward movement process stage;

[0024] S7: After the side-moving outer base completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate leaves the ground;

[0025] S8: The propulsion hydraulic cylinder is retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam moves forward. At this point, the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state moves forward, and this cycle is repeated to move forward to the predetermined position.

[0026] A method for using a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel, wherein the process of supporting the tunnel by the self-moving split support system comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1: After the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state moves to the predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam contacts the roof of the coal mine tunnel;

[0028] S2: After the self-moving split support unit in the retracted state is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive by the side top hydraulic cylinder, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the self-moving split support unit is in the expanded state;

[0029] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the third support plates of the self-moving split support unit in the expanded state contact each other; so far, the self-moving split support unit in the expanded state realizes the advanced support of the comprehensive excavation tunnel.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1) The present invention can realize the self-movement of the split support unit through the coordination of multiple hydraulic cylinders, effectively avoiding squeezing and sliding damage to the tunnel roof and side walls.

[0032] The self-moving split support units of the present invention are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the coal mine tunnel and are arranged at a certain distance in the forward direction of the tunnel boring machine, which can better control the surrounding rock. After the permanent support is completed at the tail of the support system, the self-circulation operation of the support system is realized through the self-movement of the split support units, avoiding the damage to the rock layer at the top of the tunnel caused by repeated support of traditional support equipment.

[0033] 2) The present invention can achieve long-distance support by increasing the number of self-moving split support units.

[0034] When the present invention is performing tunnel work, long-distance support can be achieved by increasing the number of self-moving split support units, reserving sufficient time for anchoring operations, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of tunnel excavation and the matching degree between anchoring operations and excavation operations.

[0035] 3) The present invention can improve the initial support force and stability of the split support unit through the interaction of multiple hydraulic cylinders and support plates.

[0036] The self-moving split support unit of the present invention adopts the technical means of the side top hydraulic cylinder. The vertical stress generated by the tunnel top plate on the self-moving split support unit can be applied to the side wall of the tunnel in sequence through the first support plate, the second support plate, and the side top hydraulic cylinder, which can effectively improve the initial support force of the self-moving split support unit. At the same time, the deployed self-moving split support units on both sides of the tunnel are arranged by using the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder to drive the third support plate, and the side walls of the tunnel offset each other with respect to the horizontal stress generated by the self-moving split support unit, thereby preventing the self-moving split support unit from tilting along the working surface toward the bottom plate.

[0037] 4) The present invention has a compact structure and high space utilization.

[0038] The self-moving split support unit of the present invention can realize the actions of expansion, contraction, side shifting, and forward shifting in different working environments, and has a compact structure and a small space volume. In addition, since the self-moving split support unit occupies a small space volume in the tunnel, it can move to the head tunnel without interference to perform advanced support, providing space for the collaborative operation of other equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific implementation or the description of the prior art.

[0040] Figure 1A side view of a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel according to the present invention at a working surface;

[0041] Figure 2 A front view of a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel according to the present invention at a working surface;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the self-moving split support unit of a fully-mechanized tunnel excavation of the present invention for contraction, sideways movement and forward movement;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a self-moving split support unit for a fully-mechanized tunnel excavation according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the forward and sideward movement structure of a self-moving split support unit of a fully-mechanized tunnel according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the support plate structure of a self-moving split support unit for a fully mechanized tunnel excavation according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of a top beam of a self-moving split support unit for a fully mechanized tunnel excavation according to the present invention.

[0047] The numbers in the figure represent: 1. coal mine tunnel; 2. tunneling machine; 3. self-moving split support unit; 4. side shift drive device; 4-1. side shift guide shaft; 4-2. side shift hydraulic cylinder; 4-3. side shift inner base; 4-4. side shift outer base; 5. column hydraulic cylinder; 6. side top hydraulic cylinder; 7. forward drive device; 7-1. top beam; 7-2. sliding platform; 7-3. thrust hydraulic cylinder; 8. support plate device; 8-1. first support plate; 8-2. second telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 8-3. second support plate; 8-4. third telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 8-5. third support plate; 9. first telescopic hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3A self-moving split support system for a comprehensive excavation tunnel includes two or more self-moving split support units 3; a tunnel boring machine 2 is responsible for mining work in front of a tunnel 1, and the self-moving split support unit 3 realizes the expansion, contraction, side shifting, and forward movement of the self-moving split support unit 3 by using the cooperation of six hydraulic cylinders; each self-moving split support unit 3 includes a contracted state and an expanded state, and the self-moving split support unit 3 can be switched between the contracted state and the expanded state; the self-moving split support unit 3 in the contracted state is half the volume of the self-moving split support unit 3 in the expanded state; the self-moving split support units 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the coal mine tunnel 1 and at certain intervals in the forward direction of the tunnel boring machine 2, which can better control the surrounding rock. When the tail of the self-moving split support system completes permanent support, the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state can pass through the gap between the coal mine tunnel 1 and the tunneling machine 2, and move to the head tunnel 1 in a circular manner without interference to perform advance support. In the expanded state, the self-moving split support unit 3 supports the tunnel 1.

[0050] See also Figure 4 The self-moving split support unit includes a side shift drive device 4, a forward drive device 7, a support plate device 8, a column hydraulic cylinder 5, a side top hydraulic cylinder 6, and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9. The side shift drive device 4 is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder 5 by bolts, and the upper and lower flanges on the top of the column hydraulic cylinder 5 are connected to the forward drive device 7 by bolts. The column hydraulic cylinder 5 can be telescoped up and down, and the support plate device 8 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder 5 and a plurality of articulated lifting ear bases are welded on the support plate device 8. The end of the side top hydraulic cylinder 6 is articulated with the articulated base of the support plate device 8 through a pin shaft, and the support plate device 8 is articulated with the lifting ear of the forward drive device 7 through a pin shaft, and the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 is articulated with the lifting ear of the forward drive device 7 through a pin shaft, and the lifting ear base of the support plate device 8 is articulated with the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 through a pin shaft.

[0051] See also Figure 5 The side shift drive device 4 includes a side shift guide rail shaft 4-1, a side shift hydraulic cylinder 4-2, a side shift inner base 4-3 and a side shift outer base 4-4. The side shift guide rail shaft 4-1 is welded to the inner side of the side shift outer base 4-4, the side shift guide rail shaft 4-1 and the side shift inner base 4-3 are slidably matched, the side shift hydraulic cylinder 4-2 is respectively hingedly connected to the side shift outer base 4-4 and the side shift inner base 4-3 through a pin shaft, the side shift hydraulic cylinder 4-2 moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the side shift outer base 4-4 moves a certain distance relative to the side shift inner base 4-3, and moves laterally on the side of the tunnel to adjust to a suitable support position.

[0052] See also Figure 5The forward driving device 7 includes a top beam 7-1, a sliding platform 7-2, and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3; the rear part of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform 7-2 by bolts and nuts, and the front part of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is fixedly connected to the top beam 7-1 by threads. There is a sliding slider inside the sliding platform 7-2. The propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 moves a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam 7-1 moves a certain distance relative to the sliding platform 7-2, so that the self-moving split support unit 3 can move forward to follow up the progress of the tunnel boring machine so as to achieve timely support.

[0053] See also Figure 6 The support plate device 8 includes a first support plate 8-1, a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-2, a second support plate 8-3, a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4, and a third support plate 8-5; the first support plate 8-1 is hingedly connected to the second support plate 8-3 through a pin, the lifting lug of the first support plate 8-1 is hingedly connected to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-2 through a pin, the lifting lug of the second support plate 8-3 is hingedly connected to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 through a pin, the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 and the lifting lug of the third support plate 8-5 are hingedly connected through a pin, and the second support plate 8-3 has a slide groove that can be connected to the third support plate 8- 5 sliding fit; the vertical stress generated by the top plate on the self-moving split support unit 3 can be applied to the side wall of the tunnel 1 through the first support plate 8-1, the second support plate 8-3, and the side top hydraulic cylinder 6 in sequence, which can effectively improve the initial support force of the self-moving split support unit 3; at the same time, the self-moving split support unit 3 arranged on both sides of the tunnel 1 in the unfolded state drives the third support plate 8-5 by the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4, and the side wall of the tunnel 1 offsets the horizontal stress generated by the self-moving split support unit 3, thereby preventing the self-moving split support unit 3 from tilting along the working surface toward the bottom plate.

[0054] A method for using a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel, wherein a contraction and movement process of a self-moving split support unit for a fully-mechanized tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1: Before retracting, ensure that all hydraulic cylinders are in a state of releasing pressure. After the side top hydraulic cylinder 6, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 are retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive, the self-moving split support unit 3 in the expanded state is now in the state of the retracted state;

[0056] S2: The column hydraulic cylinder 5 is hydraulically driven to retract a certain distance, and the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the descending operation in the retracted state;

[0057] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage;

[0058] S4: The side-shift hydraulic cylinder 4-2 is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit 3 completes the side-shift process in the retracted state. The operator should closely monitor the distance between the side-shift outer base 4-4 and the side wall of the roadway to prevent collision or scratching;

[0059] S5: After moving sideways for a certain distance in S4 and reaching a predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 is hydraulically driven to retract a certain distance and move the outer base 4-4 sideways off the ground;

[0060] S6: The side-moving outer base 4-4 leaves the ground, and the hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the side-moving outer base 4-4 completes the forward movement process. During the operation, it should be ensured that the side-moving outer base 4-4 completely leaves the ground to avoid additional resistance or equipment damage caused by friction;

[0061] S7: After the side-moving outer base 4-4 completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate 8-5 leaves the ground;

[0062] S8: The propulsion hydraulic cylinder 7-3 is hydraulically driven to retract a certain distance, and the top beam 7-1 moves forward. At this point, the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state moves forward, and the cycle continues in this way to move forward to a predetermined position.

[0063] A method for using a self-moving split support system for a comprehensive excavation tunnel, wherein a process of supporting a tunnel by a self-moving split support system for a comprehensive excavation tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1: After the self-moving split support unit 3 moves to a predetermined position in the retracted state, the column hydraulic cylinder 5 extends a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam 7-1 contacts the upper roof of the coal mine tunnel 1;

[0065] S2: After the side top hydraulic cylinder 6, the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder 9 and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 are hydraulically driven to extend a certain distance, the self-moving split support unit 3 in the retracted state is now in the expanded state;

[0066] S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder 8-4 is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the third support plates 8-5 of the self-moving split support unit 3 are in contact with each other in the extended state. At this point, the self-moving split support monomers form a self-moving split support system, thereby realizing advanced support for the comprehensive excavation tunnel.

[0067] In the embodiments of the invention, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "hinge", "connected", "connected", "contacting", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of the invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or self-moving split support unit referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the invention.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-moving split support system for a fully mechanized tunnel, characterized in that: The invention comprises two or more self-moving split support units (3); the self-moving split support unit (3) realizes the expansion, contraction, sideways movement and forward movement of the self-moving split support unit (3) by using six hydraulic cylinders in coordination; the self-moving split support unit (3) has a contracted state and an expanded state, and can be switched between the contracted state and the expanded state; The volume of the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state is half of the volume of the self-moving split support unit (3) in the expanded state; The self-moving split support unit (3) comprises a side shift drive device (4), a forward shift drive device (7), a support plate device (8), a column hydraulic cylinder (5), a side top hydraulic cylinder (6), and a first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9); the side shift drive device (4) is connected to the bottom of the column hydraulic cylinder (5) by bolts; the upper and lower flanges on the top of the column hydraulic cylinder (5) are connected to the forward shift drive device (7) by bolts; the support plate device (8) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the column hydraulic cylinder (5) and a plurality of articulated lifting lug bases are welded to the support plate device (8); the end of the side top hydraulic cylinder (6) is articulated to the articulated base of the support plate device (8) by a pin shaft; the support plate device (8) is articulated to the lifting lug of the forward shift drive device (7) by a pin shaft; the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) is articulated to the lifting lug of the forward shift drive device (7) by a pin shaft; and the lifting lug base of the support plate device (8) is articulated to the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) by a pin shaft.

2. A self-moving split support system for a fully mechanized tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side shift driving device (4) comprises a side shift guide rail shaft (4-1), a side shift hydraulic cylinder (4-2), a side shift inner base (4-3) and a side shift outer base (4-4); the side shift guide rail shaft (4-1) is welded to the inner side of the side shift outer base (4-4), the side shift guide rail shaft (4-1) is slidably matched with the side shift inner base (4-3), and the side shift hydraulic cylinder (4-2) is respectively hingedly connected to the side shift outer base (4-4) and the side shift inner base (4-3) via a pin shaft.

3. The self-moving split support system for a comprehensive tunnel excavation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The forward drive device (7) comprises a top beam (7-1), a sliding platform (7-2), and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3); the rear portion of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is fixedly connected to the sliding platform (7-2) via bolts and nuts, the front portion of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is fixedly connected to the top beam (7-1) via threads, and a sliding block is provided inside the sliding platform (7-2).

4. The self-moving split support system for a fully mechanized tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support plate device (8) comprises a first support plate (8-1), a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-2), a second support plate (8-3), a third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), and a third support plate (8-5); the first support plate (8-1) is hingedly connected to the second support plate (8-3) via a pin shaft, the lifting lug of the first support plate (8-1) is hingedly connected to the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-2) via a pin shaft, the lifting lug of the second support plate (8-3) is hingedly connected to the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) via a pin shaft, the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) and the lifting lug of the third support plate (8-5) are hingedly connected via a pin shaft, and a sliding groove is provided in the second support plate (8-3) so as to be slidably matched with the third support plate (8-5).

5. A method for using a self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The contraction and movement process of the self-moving split support system includes the following steps: S1: In the unfolded state, the self-moving split support unit (3) is retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive through the side top hydraulic cylinder (6), the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), and the self-moving split support unit (3) is now in the retracted state; S2: The column hydraulic cylinder (5) is retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the descending operation; S3: the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage; S4: the lateral shift hydraulic cylinder (4-2) is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the lateral shift process stage; S5: After S4 moves sideways for a certain distance and reaches a predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) is hydraulically driven to retract a certain distance and move the outer base (4-4) sideways off the ground; S6: the outer base (4-4) is moved sideways off the ground, the hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is pushed to extend a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the outer base (4-4) is moved sideways to complete the forward movement process; S7: After the side-moving outer base 4-4 completes the forward movement, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state completes the small lifting stage, and the third support plate (8-5) leaves the ground; S8: The propulsion hydraulic cylinder (7-3) is retracted a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam (7-1) moves forward. At this point, the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state moves forward, and the cycle is repeated in this way to move forward to a predetermined position.

6. The method for using the self-moving split support system for a fully-mechanized tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized by: The process of supporting the tunnel by the self-moving split support system includes the following steps: S1: After the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state moves to a predetermined position, the column hydraulic cylinder (5) is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the top beam (7-1) contacts the upper roof of the coal mine tunnel (1); S2: After the self-moving split support unit (3) in the retracted state is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive by the side top hydraulic cylinder (6), the first telescopic hydraulic cylinder (9) and the third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4), the self-moving split support unit (3) is in the expanded state; S3: The third telescopic hydraulic cylinder (8-4) is extended a certain distance under hydraulic drive, and the third support plates (8-5) of the self-moving split support unit (3) in the expanded state contact each other; at this point, the self-moving split support unit (3) in the expanded state realizes advanced support for the comprehensive excavation tunnel (1).

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