Device and method for preventing and controlling mud burst and water burst of tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel mud burst and water burst prevention and control device and method. The device comprises an intercepting and filtering mechanism (1) and a reverse hinge contraction mud blocking mechanism (2) which are sequentially arranged in the moving direction of tunnel mud burst and water burst. The intercepting and filtering mechanism (1) comprises an intercepting and filtering net (11) and a refusal horse (12) for fixing the intercepting and filtering net (11); the reverse hinge contraction mud blocking mechanism (2) comprises a mud blocking structure (21) and a reverse hinge contraction structure (22) capable of driving the mud blocking structure (21) to be close to the intercepting and filtering mechanism (1) under the impact of water flow. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of being suitable for the early stage of rapid mud burst and water burst and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a device and method for preventing and controlling mud and water gushing in tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater is the biggest threat in the construction of mountain tunnels and undersea tunnels. If the construction is not well controlled, it will lead to mud and water bursts. Mud bursts will bury construction equipment, fill up the original construction clearance, and even cause ground deformation and collapse. Once a tunnel mud and water burst occurs, it is of great significance to quickly prevent and control it in the golden rescue time before it becomes a disaster and within the limited rescue time on site.

[0003] Patent CN114412565A discloses a device for blocking and dredging water and mud in tunnels, including a lead screw, a nut assembly, a rotary drive mechanism, a plug and a semiconductor refrigeration assembly. When water and mud occur, water flows through the plug, the lead screw and the spline shaft in sequence and is discharged, and the heat at the heating end is taken away during the water discharge process. The device can achieve water flow dredging and anti-seepage functions. However, there is a large amount of mud and sand in the early stage of tunnel mud and water, and the device is not actually suitable for early prevention and control of rapid mud and water. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for preventing and controlling mud and water bursts in tunnels, which is suitable for the early stage of rapid mud and water bursts.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in a tunnel, comprising an interception and filtering mechanism and a reverse hinged contraction mud retaining mechanism sequentially arranged along the moving direction of mud and water inrush in the tunnel;

[0006] The interception and filtering mechanism comprises an interception and filtering net and a chevaux-de-frise for fixing the interception and filtering net;

[0007] The reverse hinge contraction mud retaining mechanism comprises a mud retaining structure and a reverse hinge contraction structure which can drive the mud retaining structure to approach the interception and filtering mechanism under the impact of water flow.

[0008] Preferably, the chevaux de frise is made of welded metal, and the intercepting filter is hung on the chevaux de frise.

[0009] Preferably, the interception filter net is a high-strength reverse filtration sedimentation net.

[0010] Preferably, the mud guard structure comprises a mud guard, and the mud guard is provided with water-permeable holes through which water can pass.

[0011] Further preferably, the fender is arranged on a support frame, and the reverse hinge contraction structure comprises a turbine and a steel capstan arranged on the support frame, and the steel capstan is connected to the interception and filtering mechanism through a steel strand;

[0012] The turbine can rotate under the drive of water flow, thereby driving the steel winch to rotate, and the anti-hinged contraction structure moves toward the interception and filtering mechanism through the steel strand.

[0013] More preferably, a clutch is provided between the rotating shaft of the turbine and the rotating shaft of the steel winch.

[0014] Preferably, a torque tester is provided on the rotating shaft of the turbine, the torque tester is connected to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism is connected to the clutch.

[0015] In the present invention, the torque of the turbine can be detected by the coordinated arrangement of the torque tester, the control mechanism and the clutch. When the torque is too large, the clutch can disconnect the turbine from the steel winch to avoid damage to the rotating shaft.

[0016] Further preferably, a distance sensor is provided on the side of the support frame facing the intercepting and filtering mechanism, a corresponding sensing block is provided on the side of the chevaux-de-frise facing the anti-hinged and retracted mud retaining mechanism, and the distance sensor is connected to the control mechanism.

[0017] In the present invention, the distance between the support frame and the chevaux-de-force can be detected by coordinating the distance sensor, the induction block and the control mechanism. When the distance between the two is too close, the control mechanism can be used to control the clutch to disconnect the connection between the turbine and the steel winch.

[0018] Further preferably, the control mechanism includes a PLC controller.

[0019] Further preferably, the support frame is a hollow box structure with openings on both sides (the side close to the intercepting and filtering mechanism and the side away from the intercepting and filtering mechanism), mudguards are provided on both sides of the support frame, the turbine and the steel winch are arranged between the mudguards on both sides, and the steel wire rope can pass through the water-permeable holes.

[0020] More preferably, two sets of turbines and steel winches are symmetrically arranged on the support frame.

[0021] Preferably, a partition is provided in the middle of the support frame, and two sets of turbines and steel winches are respectively arranged on both sides of the partition.

[0022] Further preferably, on a plane perpendicular to the water flow direction, the water permeable holes of the fender are arranged on a side close to the partition, and the rotating shaft of the turbine is arranged on a side away from the partition.

[0023] Preferably, the steel winch is arranged horizontally below the turbine.

[0024] A method for preventing and controlling mud and water gushing in a tunnel is carried out using the above device, and comprises the following steps: placing the tunnel mud and water gushing prevention device near a mud and water gushing outlet, and connecting an intercepting and filtering mechanism and a reverse-hinge shrinking mud retaining mechanism by using a steel strand.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention can intercept a large amount of mud and sand in the early stage of tunnel mud and water burst through the cooperative arrangement of the interception filter and the chevaux de frise, and can use the intercepted mud and sand to enhance the stability of the chevaux de frise, which is suitable for the early stage of rapid mud and water burst;

[0027] 2. The invention adopts the cooperative arrangement of the interception and filtering mechanism and the reverse hinge contraction mud retaining mechanism. The interception and filtering mechanism can intercept a large amount of mud and sand in the early stage of sudden mud and water in the tunnel. The reverse hinge contraction mud retaining mechanism can further intercept the remaining mud and sand. The reverse hinge contraction structure can be used to drive the mud retaining structure to approach the interception and filtering mechanism, so that the mud retaining structure moves in the reverse direction of the sudden water in order to realize the rapid interception of mud and water. The invention is suitable for the early stage of rapid sudden mud and water inrush.

[0028] 3. The present invention uses the coordinated arrangement of the turbine and the steel winch to realize the reverse hinge contraction by using the water flow, which can not only consume the kinetic energy of the water, which is beneficial to reduce the impact force of the sudden water surge, but also pull the mud retaining structure to move in the reverse direction of the sudden water surge, thereby realizing the rapid interception of mud and water;

[0029] 4. The present invention can detect the torque of the turbine through the coordinated arrangement of the torque tester, the control mechanism and the clutch. When the torque is too large, the clutch can disconnect the turbine from the steel winch to avoid damage to the rotating shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in a tunnel according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reverse hinge contraction structure of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1-intercepting and filtering mechanism, 11-intercepting and filtering net, 12-barricade, 2-reverse hinge and retractable mud guard mechanism, 21-mud guard structure, 211-mud guard, 212-support frame, 22-reverse hinge and retractable structure, 221-turbine, 222-steel winch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A tunnel mud and water inrush prevention device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an intercepting and filtering mechanism 1 and a reverse-hinge and retractable mud guard mechanism 2.

[0036] The intercepting and filtering mechanism 1 is arranged at a side close to the mud and water gushing outlet, and comprises an intercepting and filtering net 11 and chevaux-de-frise 12 , and the intercepting and filtering net 11 is fixed on the chevaux-de-frise 12 .

[0037] The reverse hinge and contraction mud retaining mechanism 2 is arranged at a side of the interception and filtering mechanism 1 away from the mud and water inrush outlet, and comprises a mud retaining structure 21 and a reverse hinge and contraction structure 22 .

[0038] When the device of this embodiment is used to prevent and control mud and water gushing in a tunnel, the mud and water gushing in the tunnel first flows through the intercepting filter net 11 of the intercepting filter mechanism 1 to intercept debris and mud flow, and the water flows out of the intercepting filter net 11 and flows through the reverse-hinged contraction mud retaining mechanism 2. The reverse-hinged contraction structure 22 in the reverse-hinged contraction mud retaining mechanism 2 drives the mud retaining structure 21 to approach the intercepting filter mechanism 1 under the impact of the water flow.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] A tunnel mud and water inrush prevention device, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mudguard structure 21 includes a mudguard 211 and a support frame 212 , and the anti-hinge contraction structure 22 includes a turbine 221 and a steel winch 222 .

[0041] Among them, the support frame 212 is a hollow structure with openings on both sides. Mudguards 211 are provided at the openings on both sides of the support frame 212. The mudguards 211 are provided with through holes. The turbine 211 and the steel winch 222 are connected and are both arranged on the support frame 212. The steel winch 222 is connected to the chevaux-de-frise 12 through a steel wire rope. The turbine 211 and the steel winch 222 are arranged between the mudguards 211 on both sides, and the steel wire rope extends from the mudguards 211.

[0042] When water flows through the reverse hinge contraction mud guard mechanism 2, it first further intercepts mud and sand through the mud guard 211 close to one side of the interception and filtering mechanism 1, and then flows out from the mud guard 211 on the other side after passing through the turbine 211. When water flows through the turbine 211, it drives the turbine 211, and the turbine 211 drives the steel winch 222 to rotate, and then drives the support frame 212 to approach the chevaux-de-frise 12 through the steel strand. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A device for preventing and controlling sudden mud and water inrush in a tunnel, wherein a clutch is arranged between the rotating shaft of a turbine 221 and the rotating shaft of a steel winch 222, and a torque tester is arranged on the rotating shaft of the turbine 221.

[0045] In addition, the support frame 212 is provided with a distance sensor on the side facing the interception and filtering mechanism 1 , and the chevaux-de-frise 12 is provided with a corresponding sensing block on the side facing the support frame 212 .

[0046] In this embodiment, the torque tester, the distance sensor and the clutch are all connected to the control mechanism.

[0047] The rest is the same as Example 2.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] In view of the early stage of rapid mud and water surge, this embodiment designs a set of mud and water surge prevention and control devices with anchored chevaux de frise and reverse hinge contraction. The device mainly includes a high-strength reverse filter sedimentation net fixed by chevaux de frise, a reverse hinge contraction mud retaining board, and a steel strand. (1) A chevaux de frise made of metal welding and movable by an excavator, with a high-strength reverse filter sedimentation net hung on it. It is folded when not in use and opened and connected when in use. It is placed near the mud and water surge outlet, and the chevaux de frise is used to achieve strong anti-overturning fixation, and the reverse filter net is used to catch the sudden mud, allowing water to slip away from the gap, and debris and mud flow are deposited in the chevaux de frise net, and the debris that suddenly surges out is used to increase the stability of the chevaux de frise. (2) The reverse hinge contraction device is installed together with the mud guard. A turbine and a rotating shaft are arranged in the reverse hinge device. When mud and water pass through, the turbine is driven to reverse, and the reverse turbine drives the bearing. The bearing is connected to the steel strand winch, and the winch is rotated in the reverse direction to pull the steel strand fixed on the chevaux de frise, so that the mud guard moves in the reverse direction toward the surge direction, and finally approaches the chevaux de frise to achieve rapid blocking of mud and water. When the distance from the barricade reaches a certain distance and can achieve self-stability, the winch is unhooked from the shaft. At this time, other subsequent rescue measures are implemented.

[0050] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in a tunnel, characterized in that: It comprises an interception and filtering mechanism (1) and a reverse hinge contraction mud blocking mechanism (2) which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the tunnel mud and water inrush; The interception and filtering mechanism (1) comprises an interception and filtering net (11) and a chevaux-de-frise (12) for fixing the interception and filtering net (11); The reverse hinged and retractable mud retaining mechanism (2) comprises a mud retaining structure (21) and a reverse hinged and retractable structure (22) capable of driving the mud retaining structure (21) to approach the intercepting and filtering mechanism (1) under the impact of water flow.

2. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chevaux de frise (12) is made of metal welding, and the interception filter (11) is hung on the chevaux de frise (12).

3. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud guard structure (21) comprises a mud guard (211), and the mud guard (211) is provided with a water-permeable hole through which water can pass.

4. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The fender (211) is arranged on a support frame (212), the anti-hinged contraction structure (22) comprises a turbine (221) and a steel winch (222) arranged on the support frame (212), and the steel winch (222) is connected to the interception and filtering mechanism (1) via a steel strand; The turbine (221) can rotate under the drive of the water flow, thereby driving the steel winch (222) to rotate, and the anti-hinged contraction structure (22) moves toward the interception and filtering mechanism (1) through the steel strand.

5. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: A clutch is provided between the rotating shaft of the turbine (221) and the rotating shaft of the steel winch (222).

6. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A torque tester is provided on the rotating shaft of the turbine (221), the torque tester is connected to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism is connected to the clutch.

7. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that: A distance sensor is provided on the side of the support frame (212) facing the interception and filtering mechanism (1), a corresponding sensing block is provided on the side of the chevaux de frise (12) facing the reverse hinged and retracted mud retaining mechanism (2), and the distance sensor is connected to the control mechanism.

8. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (212) is a hollow box structure with openings on both sides. Mud guards (211) are provided on both sides of the support frame (212). The turbine (221) and the steel winch (222) are arranged between the mud guards (211) on both sides, and the steel strand can pass through the water-permeable holes.

9. The device for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (212) is symmetrically provided with two sets of turbines (221) and steel winches (222).

10. A method for preventing and controlling mud and water inrush in a tunnel, characterized in that: The device described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising the following steps: placing the tunnel mud and water gushing prevention device near the mud and water gushing outlet, and connecting the intercepting and filtering mechanism (1) and the reverse hinged contraction mud retaining mechanism (2) by using steel wire ropes.

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