A shell and tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body; the heat exchanger body comprises a cylindrical shell, a tube bundle, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe, the cylindrical shell is provided with a tube bundle along its axial direction, the cylindrical shell is connected between the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe; the tube bundle is sleeved with a gas diversion assembly for diverting the gas. The present invention uses the gas diversion assembly to evenly disperse the hot air entering therein into the flexible dispersion assembly, and the hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion assembly in the cylindrical shell. The hot air is restricted by the flexible dispersion assembly in the expanded posture to move in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, and then discharged through the exhaust pipe, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion assembly in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, which can prolong its contact time with the tube bundle, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube heat exchanger, also known as tubular heat exchanger, is a partition wall heat exchanger that uses the wall of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface. Shell and tube heat exchanger consists of shell, heat transfer tube bundle, tube sheet, baffle and tube box. The shell is mostly cylindrical with tube bundle inside. The two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube sheet. The hot and cold fluids for heat exchange, one flows in the tube, called tube-side fluid, and the other flows outside the tube, called shell-side fluid. In order to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid outside the tube, several Baffles are staggered up and down to form a curved flow path. The baffles increase the shell-side fluid velocity, forcing the fluid to pass through the tube bundle multiple times along a prescribed distance, thereby increasing the fluid turbulence. (Refer to Chinese patent application publication number CN212362909U, which proposes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.) In air conditioning applications, when hot air enters the shell, a cold medium flows inside the tube bundle. The hot air contacts the outer wall of the tube bundle, and the cold medium in the tube absorbs heat from the hot air, achieving heat exchange.

[0003] When hot air enters the shell, it first contacts the front end of the tube bundle and absorbs heat from the hot air through the tube bundle at the front end. In some large-scale air-conditioning applications, heat exchangers with longer strokes are used. Due to the longer stroke of the heat exchanger, the heat absorption effect of the rear end of the tube bundle gradually decreases. Although baffles are installed in the shell to increase the effective area of the exchange surface by forcing the hot air to flow horizontally through the tube bundle multiple times along the curved flow channel, the setting of the baffles will accelerate the flow rate of the hot air. The newly entered hot air will push the hot air already in the shell to move forward quickly, resulting in the rear end of the tube bundle not exerting its heat exchange effect, causing the problem of poor heat exchange effect.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, this application proposes a shell and tube heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a shell and tube heat exchanger, which solves the problem in the related art that the hot air flows rapidly in the shell, resulting in the rear end tube bundle not having a heat exchange effect, resulting in poor heat exchange effect.

[0006] The present invention provides a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body;

[0007] The heat exchanger body includes a cylindrical shell, a tube bundle, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. The tube bundle is arranged in the cylindrical shell along its axial direction. The cylindrical shell is connected between the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe.

[0008] The tube bundle is provided with a gas diversion assembly for diverting the gas, and the side of the gas diversion assembly is equipped with a flexible dispersion assembly for restricting the flow of gas. The cylindrical shell is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion assembly to move along the tube bundle.

[0009] The flexible dispersion component has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture, the gas diversion component is connected to the bottom of the intake pipe, and the flexible dispersion component causes the gas to move in a continuous dispersed and converged flow direction in the expanded posture; when the flexible dispersion component is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas diversion component to move along the tube bundle and pushes the flexible dispersion component to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the outer periphery of the tube bundle.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the gas diversion assembly includes a diversion tube, a partition plate, a diversion plate and a diversion hole. The diversion tube is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle, and the diversion tube is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle. A cavity is opened in the diversion tube, and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the diversion tube. A vertically arranged partition plate is installed in the diversion tube. There is a gap between the bottom of the partition plate and the bottom of the diversion tube. The partition plate divides the cavity into an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber that are interconnected. The inner wall of one side of the diverter cylinder is equipped with a plurality of vertically arranged and inclined diverter plates, the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates increase from bottom to top, the plurality of diverter plates divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas, the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas increase from bottom to top, and the plurality of exhaust areas are provided with diverter holes opened on one side of the diverter cylinder, the aperture sizes of the diverter holes in the plurality of exhaust areas increase from bottom to top, and the flexible dispersion component is connected to one side of the diverter cylinder and communicated with the diverter hole.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the flexible dispersion component includes a conical filter cloth and an air passage piece, and several of the conical filter cloths are connected to the air passage piece between each other. Several of the conical filter cloths and the air passage piece are slidably sleeved on the tube bundle, a conical filter cloth close to the side of the diverter cylinder is connected to it, and a conical filter cloth on one side is connected to the diverter hole. The outer periphery of the conical filter cloth is provided with densely arranged first air passage holes, and another conical filter cloth away from the side of the diverter cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the air passage member includes an air passage plate and second air passage holes, and a plurality of the conical filter cloths are connected to air passage plates in pairs. The air passage plate has two symmetrically arranged air passage areas along its center, and both air passage areas of the air passage plate are provided with second air passage holes that are through and densely arranged.

[0013] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the heat exchanger body further includes a first flow tube and a second flow tube, the first flow tube is installed at one end of the cylindrical shell, and the second flow tube is installed at the other end, a horizontally arranged fixing plate is installed in the middle of the first flow tube, and the fixing plate divides the first flow tube into an independently arranged liquid inlet chamber and a liquid discharge chamber, the bottom of the first flow tube is connected to a liquid inlet pipe communicating with the liquid inlet chamber, and the top of the first flow tube is connected to a liquid discharge pipe communicating with the liquid discharge chamber;

[0014] The tube bundle includes a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube. A plurality of first heat exchange tubes and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes are arranged horizontally from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell. The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes and the second heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the first flow tube and the second flow tube. The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber and the second flow tube. The two ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the liquid discharge chamber and the second flow tube.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a buffer assembly is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, and the end of the buffer assembly extends into the second flow tube and faces the first heat exchange tube. The buffer assembly is used to buffer the flexible dispersion assembly when it is folded.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer assembly includes a fixed disk, a buffer, a connecting rod and a buffer spoiler. The inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell is installed with a fixed disk that is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. The side of the fixed disk close to the flexible dispersion assembly is installed with a buffer that is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. The side of the buffer is installed with a connecting rod that slides through the fixed disk and the second flow tube and extends into them. The end of the connecting rod is installed with a buffer spoiler placed in the second flow tube and facing the first heat exchange tube.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer member includes a spring and a top plate, and a plurality of circumferentially arranged springs are installed on the side of the fixed plate close to the flexible dispersion component. The top plate is installed on the ends of the plurality of springs and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube. The end of the connecting rod away from the buffer spoiler is connected to the top plate, and the other end of the conical filter cloth is connected to the top plate.

[0018] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the buffer spoiler includes a buffer plate, axial flow blades and guide holes. The end of the connecting rod is equipped with a buffer plate located in the second flow tube and facing the first heat exchange tube. The buffer plate is rotatably connected to the side away from the connecting rod with an axial flow blade. The buffer plate is provided with a number of guide holes that are through and located at the upper position thereof, and the several guide holes are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate.

[0019] As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the driving member includes a cylinder, and the cylinder is installed at one end of the first flow cylinder away from the cylindrical shell, and the driving end of the cylinder is connected to the diverter cylinder;

[0020] The bottom of the cylindrical shell is inclined toward the exhaust pipe from both ends thereof.

[0021] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] When the flexible dispersion component is in the expanded posture, the gas diversion component is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the hot air enters the gas diversion component along the air inlet pipe. The hot air entering therein can be evenly dispersed into the flexible dispersion component through the gas diversion component. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion component in the cylindrical shell. The hot air is restricted by the flexible dispersion component in the expanded posture to move in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, and then discharged through the exhaust pipe, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the flexible dispersion component in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction, which can extend the contact time with the tube bundle, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect. This structure prolongs the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle by changing the hot air flow path, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency, and effectively solving the problem of decreasing heat absorption effect of the tube bundle at the rear end of the long-stroke heat exchanger body.

[0023] When hot air comes into contact with the tube bundle, the cooling medium in the tube bundle absorbs heat, and liquid water condenses on the outer wall of the tube bundle. Therefore, when the flexible dispersion component is in the retracted position, the driving part drives the gas diversion component to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle and pushes the flexible dispersion component to gradually retract. When the flexible dispersion component slides and retracts on the tube bundle, it can scrape the liquid water formed on the tube bundle to prevent the liquid water from forming scale on the surface of the tube bundle, thereby realizing timely cleaning of the liquid water on the surface of the tube bundle. This structure drives the flexible dispersion component to move and retract along the axial direction of the tube bundle through the driving part, thereby realizing scraping and cleaning of the condensed liquid water on the outer wall of the tube bundle, effectively preventing the formation of scale, keeping the tube bundle clean, and ensuring the subsequent heat exchange effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of a shell and tube heat exchanger proposed by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible dispersion component of the present invention in a folded posture.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the gas diversion component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the conical filter cloth and the air passing element of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer assembly of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1, heat exchanger body; 11, cylindrical shell; 12, tube bundle; 121, first heat exchange tube; 122, second heat exchange tube; 13, air inlet pipe; 14, exhaust pipe; 15, first flow tube; 151, fixed plate; 152, liquid inlet chamber; 153, liquid discharge chamber; 154, liquid inlet pipe; 155, liquid discharge pipe; 16, second flow tube; 2, gas diversion assembly; 21, diversion tube; 22, partition plate; 2 3. Diverter plate; 24. Diverter hole; 3. Flexible dispersion component; 31. Conical filter cloth; 311. First air hole; 32. Air passage piece; 321. Air plate; 322. Second air hole; 4. Buffer assembly; 41. Fixed plate; 42. Buffer piece; 421. Spring; 422. Top plate; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Buffer spoiler; 441. Buffer plate; 442. Axial flow blade; 443. Guide hole; 5. Cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a shell and tube heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger body 1;

[0035] The heat exchanger body 1 includes a cylindrical shell 11, a tube bundle 12, an air inlet pipe 13 and an exhaust pipe 14. The tube bundle 12 is arranged in the cylindrical shell 11 along its axial direction. The cylindrical shell 11 is connected between the air inlet pipe 13 and the exhaust pipe 14.

[0036] The tube bundle 12 is provided with a gas diversion assembly 2 for diverting the gas. The side of the gas diversion assembly 2 is equipped with a flexible dispersion assembly 3 for restricting the flow of gas. The cylindrical shell 11 is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion assembly 2 to move along the tube bundle 12.

[0037] The flexible dispersion component 3 has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture, the gas diversion component 2 is connected to the bottom of the intake pipe 13, and the flexible dispersion component 3 causes the gas to move in a continuous dispersed and gathered flow direction in the expanded posture; when the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas diversion component 2 to move along the tube bundle 12 and pushes the flexible dispersion component 3 to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the outer periphery of the tube bundle 12.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the gas diversion component 2 includes a diversion tube 21, a partition plate 22, a diversion plate 23 and a diversion hole 24. The diversion tube 21 is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle 12, and the diversion tube 21 is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12. A cavity is opened in the diversion tube 21, and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the diversion tube 21. A vertically arranged partition plate 22 is installed in the diversion tube 21. There is a gap between the bottom of the partition plate 22 and the bottom of the diversion tube 21. The partition plate 22 divides the cavity into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber that are interconnected. Air chamber, a plurality of vertically arranged and inclined diverter plates 23 are installed on the inner wall of one side of the diverter tube 21, and the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates 23 increase from bottom to top. The plurality of diverter plates 23 divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas, and the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas increase from bottom to top. The plurality of exhaust areas are all provided with diverter holes 24 opened on one side of the diverter tube 21, and the aperture sizes of the diverter holes 24 in the plurality of exhaust areas increase from bottom to top. The flexible dispersion component 3 is connected to one side of the diverter tube 21 and is connected to the diverter hole 24.

[0039] It should be noted that: when the flexible dispersion component 3 is in the expanded posture, the gas diversion component 2 is located below the air intake pipe 13, and the air intake chamber in the diversion tube 21 is connected to the air intake pipe 13. The hot air enters the air intake chamber in the diversion tube 21 along the air intake pipe 13, and flows into the exhaust chamber along the bottom of the partition plate 22. The hot air then enters the corresponding exhaust area and is discharged into the flexible dispersion component 3 along the diversion hole 24 on one side of the diversion tube 21. Since the aperture size of the diversion holes 24 in several exhaust areas increases from bottom to top, the hot air can be evenly dispersed into the flexible dispersion component 3.

[0040] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the flexible dispersion component 3 includes a conical filter cloth 31 and an air passing piece 32, and the air passing piece 32 is connected to each other between several conical filter cloths 31, and the conical filter cloths 31 and the air passing piece 32 are all slidably sleeved on the tube bundle 12, and a conical filter cloth 31 close to the side of the diverter tube 21 is connected to it, and a conical filter cloth 31 on one side is communicated with the diverter hole 24. The outer periphery of the conical filter cloth 31 is provided with densely arranged first air passing holes 311, and the other conical filter cloth 31 away from the side of the diverter tube 21 is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11. The air passing piece 32 includes an air passing disk 321 and a second air passing hole 322. The conical filter cloths 31 are connected to each other between two of them. The air passing disk 321 has two symmetrically arranged air passing areas along its center, and the two air passing areas of the air passing disk 321 are provided with a through and densely arranged second air passing holes 322.

[0041] It should be noted that when hot air enters the cylindrical shell 11 and contacts the front end of the tube bundle 12, the newly entered hot air pushes the hot air already in the cylindrical shell 11 forward, which causes the front end tube bundle 12 to be in a high heat absorption state continuously. A large amount of condensed water will be generated on the surface of the tube bundle 12 in this high heat absorption state. If this continues for a long time, scale will form on the tube bundle 12, resulting in a decrease in heat exchange efficiency. To clean it, the tube bundle 12 needs to be disassembled, which is a relatively troublesome operation. Therefore, a structure is designed to evenly distribute the hot air between the tube bundle 12, increase the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle 12, and clean the condensed water formed on the tube bundle 12, so as to prevent scale from forming and reduce the heat exchange efficiency. The specific solution is as follows:

[0042] A: After the hot air is discharged into the conical filter cloth 31 along the diversion hole 24, it can be dispersed through the first air holes 311 opened on the outer periphery of the conical filter cloth 31 and contact the tube bundle 12, and then enter the next conical filter cloth 31 along the second air holes 322 opened on the air plate 321. The hot air can flow in and out of several conical filter cloths 31 back and forth, so that the hot air flows in a continuous dispersion and convergence direction. Figure 3 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the hot air in the flexible dispersion assembly 3, and then the hot air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14. This changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the conical filter cloth 31 to extend its contact time with the tube bundle 12. By changing the hot air flow path, the contact time between the hot air and the tube bundle 12 is extended, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and effectively solving the problem of decreasing heat absorption effect of the tube bundle 12 at the rear end of the long-stroke heat exchanger body 1.

[0043] B: When condensed water condenses on the tube bundle 12, the drive member can drive the diverter tube 21 to move along the axis of the tube bundle 12. The diverter tube 21 then pushes the flexible dispersion component 3 to move along the axis of the tube bundle 12 and gradually shrink. When the flexible dispersion component 3 slides on the tube bundle 12, the air passing member 32 slidingly sleeved on the tube bundle 12 can scrape the liquid water on its surface, thereby timely cleaning the liquid water formed on the tube bundle 12, preventing the liquid water from forming scale on the tube bundle 12, and ensuring the heat exchange effect of the tube bundle 12.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat exchanger body 1 also includes a first flow tube 15 and a second flow tube 16. The first flow tube 15 is installed at one end of the cylindrical shell 11, and the second flow tube 16 is installed at the other end. A horizontally arranged fixing plate 151 is installed in the middle of the first flow tube 15, and the fixing plate 151 divides the first flow tube 15 into an independently arranged liquid inlet chamber 152 and a liquid discharge chamber 153. The bottom of the first flow tube 15 is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 154 communicating with the liquid inlet chamber 152, and the top of the first flow tube 15 is connected to a liquid discharge chamber 153 communicating with the liquid discharge chamber 153. The drain pipe 155, the tube bundle 12 includes a first heat exchange tube 121 and a second heat exchange tube 122. A plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes 122 are arranged horizontally from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell 11. The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 and the second heat exchange tubes 122 are respectively connected to the first flow tube 15 and the second flow tube 16. The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes 121 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber 152 and the second flow tube 16. The two ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes 122 are respectively connected to the drain chamber 153 and the second flow tube 16.

[0045] It should be noted that: during the heat exchange process, the coolant enters the liquid inlet chamber 152 opened in the first flow tube 15 from the liquid inlet pipe 154, and then flows along the first heat exchange tube 121 to the second flow tube 16. The coolant entering the second flow tube 16 enters the second heat exchange tube 122 under the thrust of the subsequent coolant, circulates inside it, and then flows along the second heat exchange tube 122 to the drain chamber 153, and is then discharged through the drain pipe 155.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the driving member includes a cylinder 5 . The cylinder 5 is installed at one end of the first flow cylinder 15 away from the cylindrical shell 11 . The driving end of the cylinder 5 is connected to the diverter cylinder 21 .

[0047] It should be noted that the provided cylinder 5 is mainly used to drive the diverter tube 21 to slide along the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 .

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the cylindrical shell 11 is inclined toward the exhaust pipe 14 from both ends thereof.

[0049] It should be noted that the liquid water condensed on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 can flow to the bottom of the cylindrical shell 11 and flow along its inclined direction to the location of the exhaust pipe 14 and then be discharged through the exhaust pipe 14.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, based on the first embodiment, the present invention provides a buffer assembly 4 on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11 for buffering the flexible dispersion assembly 3 when it is collapsed, and the end of the buffer assembly 4 extends into the second flow tube 16 and faces the first heat exchange tube 121 to reduce the water hammer effect caused by the instantaneous impact of the water source of the first heat exchange tube 121 entering the second flow tube 16;

[0052] In this embodiment, a buffer assembly 4 is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and the end of the buffer assembly 4 extends into the second flow tube 16 and is opposite to the first heat exchange tube 121. The buffer assembly 4 is used to buffer the flexible dispersion assembly 3 when it is folded. The buffer assembly 4 includes a fixed disk 41, a buffer part 42, a connecting rod 43 and a buffer spoiler 44. A fixed disk 41 is installed on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell 11, which is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. A buffer part 42 is installed on the side of the fixed disk 41 close to the flexible dispersion assembly 3. A connecting rod 43 is installed on the side of the buffer part 42, which slides through the fixed disk 41 and the second flow tube 16 and extends into them. The end of the connecting rod 43 is installed with a buffer spoiler 44 placed in the second flow tube 16 and opposite to the first heat exchange tube 121.

[0053] In this embodiment, the buffer member 42 includes a spring 421 and a top plate 422. Several circumferentially arranged springs 421 are installed on the side of the fixed plate 41 close to the flexible dispersion component 3. The top plate 422 is installed on the ends of the several springs 421 and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. The end of the connecting rod 43 away from the buffer spoiler 44 is connected to the top plate 422, and the other conical filter cloth 31 is connected to the top plate 422.

[0054] It should be noted that: when the cylinder 5 drives the diverter tube 21 to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle 12, so that the flexible dispersion component 3 is folded, the flexible dispersion component 3 can be pressed against by the top plate 422. After the top plate 422 is subjected to force, the force is immediately transmitted to the spring 421, which can compress the spring 421. The spring 421 can buffer the force of the flexible dispersion component 3 when it is folded, preventing the flexible dispersion component 3 from being damaged by excessive force when it is folded, and playing a certain protective role.

[0055] In this embodiment, the buffer spoiler 44 includes a buffer plate 441, an axial flow blade 442 and a guide hole 443. The end of the connecting rod 43 is installed with a buffer plate 441 located in the second flow tube 16 and facing the first heat exchange tube 121. The buffer plate 441 is rotatably connected to the axial flow blade 442 on the side away from the connecting rod 43. The buffer plate 441 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 443 that are through and located at the upper position thereof. The plurality of guide holes 443 are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate 441.

[0056] It should be noted that, when the first heat exchange tube 121 is passed through the coolant, the coolant initially entering the second flow tube 16 will produce an instantaneous impact therein to form a water hammer effect. Over time, this will cause the connection between the first heat exchange tube 121, the second heat exchange tube 122 and the second flow tube 16 to become loose. For this reason, a buffer spoiler 44 is provided in the second flow tube 16 opposite to the first heat exchange tube 121 to buffer the coolant entering the second flow tube 16, as follows:

[0057] When the coolant enters the second flow tube 16 along the first heat exchange tube 121, the coolant can directly rush to the buffer disk 441. After the buffer disk 441 is subjected to force, the axial flow blade 442 is pulled toward the fixed disk 41 through the connecting rod 43. The spring 421 between the axial flow blade 442 and the fixed disk 41 is compressed, and the elastic action of the spring 421 can be used for buffering, thereby reducing the instantaneous impact of the coolant entering the second flow tube 16. The coolant rushing to the buffer disk 441 can be discharged through the axial flow blade 442 along the guide hole 443 opened thereon. The water flow passing through the axial flow blade 442 can drive the axial flow blade 442 to rotate. The axial flow blade 442 during the rotation process can play a role in disturbing and dispersing the water flow, further reducing the buffering, and the coolant after the disturbance can enter the second heat exchange tube 122 more smoothly.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] During the heat exchange process, the coolant enters the liquid inlet chamber 152 opened in the first flow tube 15 from the liquid inlet pipe 154, and then flows along the first heat exchange tube 121 to the second flow tube 16, and enters the coolant in the second flow tube 16. Under the thrust of the subsequent coolant, it enters the second heat exchange tube 122, circulates inside it, and then flows along the second heat exchange tube 122 to the drain chamber 153, and then is discharged through the drain pipe 155. At this time, the hot air enters the air intake chamber in the diverter tube 21 along the air intake pipe 13, flows along the bottom of the partition plate 22 to the exhaust chamber, and the hot air then enters the corresponding exhaust area , and is discharged into the conical filter cloth 31 along the diversion holes 24 on one side of the diversion cylinder 21. Since the apertures of the diversion holes 24 in the exhaust areas increase from bottom to top, the hot air can be evenly dispersed into the conical filter cloth 31. The hot air entering the conical filter cloth 31 can be dispersed through the first air holes 311 opened on the outer periphery of the conical filter cloth 31 and contact the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. Then, the hot air can enter the next conical filter cloth 31 along the second air holes 322 opened on the air plate 321, so that the hot air can reciprocate in and out of the multiple conical filter cloths 31, so that the flow direction of the hot air is a continuous dispersion and gathering flow. Figure 3 The arrow in the middle indicates the flow direction of the hot air in the flexible dispersion component 3, and then it is discharged through the exhaust pipe 14, which changes the traditional way of advancing the hot air in the form of a curved flow channel by setting a baffle. The hot air reciprocates in and out of the conical filter cloth 31 to extend the contact time with the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122. When liquid water condenses on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, the cylinder 5 can drive the diverter cylinder 21 to move along the axis direction of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, and the diverter cylinder 21 pushes The dynamic conical filter cloth 31 and the air-passing plate 321 move along the axial direction of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 and gradually retract. When the air-passing plate 321 slides on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, the liquid water on the surface of the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122 can be scraped, so as to timely clean the liquid water formed on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, thereby preventing the liquid water from forming scale on the first heat exchange tube 121 and the second heat exchange tube 122, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect of the tube bundle 12.

[0060] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative or illustrative of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute limitations of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications that fall within the scope and metes and bounds of the appended claims, or equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger body (1), characterized in that: The heat exchanger body (1) comprises a cylindrical shell (11), a tube bundle (12), an air inlet pipe (13) and an exhaust pipe (14); the tube bundle (12) is arranged in the cylindrical shell (11) along its axial direction; the cylindrical shell (11) is connected between the air inlet pipe (13) and the exhaust pipe (14); The tube bundle (12) is provided with a gas diversion assembly (2) for diverting gas, and the side of the gas diversion assembly (2) is equipped with a flexible dispersion assembly (3) for restricting gas flow, and the cylindrical shell (11) is provided with a driving member for driving the gas diversion assembly (2) to move along the tube bundle (12); The flexible dispersion component (3) has a first position state and a second position state. When the flexible dispersion component (3) is in the first position state, it is in an expanded posture. The gas diversion component (2) is connected to the lower part of the air inlet pipe (13), and the flexible dispersion component (3) causes the gas to continuously disperse and converge in the expanded posture. When the flexible dispersion component (3) is in the second position state, the driving member drives the gas diversion component (2) to move along the tube bundle (12) and pushes the flexible dispersion component (3) to switch to a retracted posture to scrape the outer periphery of the tube bundle (12).

2. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas diversion assembly (2) comprises a diversion tube (21), a partition plate (22), a diversion plate (23) and a diversion hole (24); the diversion tube (21) is slidably sleeved on the tube bundle (12), and the diversion tube (21) is driven by a driving member to move along the axial direction of the tube bundle (12); a cavity is provided in the diversion tube (21), and the cavity passes through the top and bottom of the diversion tube (21); a vertically arranged partition plate (22) is installed in the diversion tube (21); a gap exists between the bottom of the partition plate (22) and the bottom of the diversion tube (21); the partition plate (22) divides the cavity into mutually connected air inlet cavities The chamber and the exhaust chamber, the inner wall of one side of the diverter tube (21) is equipped with a plurality of vertically arranged and inclined diverter plates (23), the lengths of the plurality of diverter plates (23) are increased from bottom to top, the plurality of diverter plates (23) divide the exhaust chamber into a plurality of exhaust areas, the sizes of the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top, the plurality of exhaust areas are provided with diverter holes (24) opened on one side of the diverter tube (21), the apertures of the diverter holes (24) of the plurality of exhaust areas are increased from bottom to top, the flexible dispersion component (3) is connected to one side of the diverter tube (21) and is in communication with the diverter holes (24).

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible dispersion assembly (3) comprises a conical filter cloth (31) and an air passage piece (32), and a plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) are connected to the air passage piece (32) in pairs. The plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) and the air passage piece (32) are slidably sleeved on the tube bundle (12), a conical filter cloth (31) close to the side of the diverter cylinder (21) is connected to it, and a conical filter cloth (31) on one side is communicated with the diverter hole (24). The outer periphery of the conical filter cloth (31) is provided with densely arranged first air passage holes (311), and another conical filter cloth (31) away from the side of the diverter cylinder (21) is connected to the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11).

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air passage member (32) comprises an air passage disc (321) and second air passage holes (322). A plurality of the conical filter cloths (31) are connected to the air passage disc (321) in pairs. The air passage disc (321) has two symmetrically arranged air passage areas along its center. Both air passage areas of the air passage disc (321) are provided with second air passage holes (322) that are connected and densely arranged.

5. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat exchanger body (1) further comprises a first flow tube (15) and a second flow tube (16), the first flow tube (15) being installed at one end of the cylindrical shell (11) and the second flow tube (16) being installed at the other end, a transversely arranged fixing plate (151) being installed in the middle of the first flow tube (15), and the fixing plate (151) dividing the first flow tube (15) into an independently arranged liquid inlet chamber (152) and a liquid discharge chamber (153), a liquid inlet pipe (154) communicating with the liquid inlet chamber (152) being connected to the bottom of the first flow tube (15), and a liquid discharge pipe (155) communicating with the liquid discharge chamber (153) being connected to the top of the first flow tube (15); The tube bundle (12) includes a first heat exchange tube (121) and a second heat exchange tube (122). A plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) and a plurality of second heat exchange tubes (122) are arranged transversely from bottom to top in the cylindrical shell (11). The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) and the second heat exchange tubes (122) are respectively connected to the first flow tube (15) and the second flow tube (16). The two ends of the plurality of first heat exchange tubes (121) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet chamber (152) and the second flow tube (16). The two ends of the plurality of second heat exchange tubes (122) are respectively connected to the liquid discharge chamber (153) and the second flow tube (16).

6. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A buffer assembly (4) is mounted on the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11) and is sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122), and the end of the buffer assembly (4) extends into the second flow tube (16) and faces the first heat exchange tube (121). The buffer assembly (4) is used to buffer the flexible dispersion assembly (3) when it is folded.

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer assembly (4) includes a fixed disk (41), a buffer member (42), a connecting rod (43) and a buffer spoiler (44); the inner wall of the other end of the cylindrical shell (11) is installed with a fixed disk (41) sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122); the side of the fixed disk (41) close to the flexible dispersion assembly (3) is installed with a buffer member (42) slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122); the side of the buffer member (42) is installed with a connecting rod (43) that slides through the fixed disk (41) and the second flow tube (16) and extends into them; the end of the connecting rod (43) is installed with a buffer spoiler (44) placed in the second flow tube (16) and facing the first heat exchange tube (121).

8. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buffer member (42) comprises a spring (421) and a top plate (422); a plurality of circumferentially arranged springs (421) are installed on one side of the fixed plate (41) close to the flexible dispersion component (3); the top plate (422) is installed on the ends of the plurality of springs (421) and is slidably sleeved on the first heat exchange tube (121) and the second heat exchange tube (122); one end of the connecting rod (43) away from the buffer spoiler (44) is connected to the top plate (422); and the other end of the conical filter cloth (31) is connected to the top plate (422).

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer spoiler (44) includes a buffer plate (441), an axial flow blade (442) and a guide hole (443). The end of the connecting rod (43) is installed with a buffer plate (441) located in the second flow tube (16) and facing the first heat exchange tube (121). The buffer plate (441) is rotatably connected to the axial flow blade (442) on the side away from the connecting rod (43). The buffer plate (441) is provided with a plurality of guide holes (443) that are through and located at the upper position thereof. The plurality of guide holes (443) are arranged in an arc shape at intervals on the buffer plate (441).

10. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a cylinder (5), and the cylinder (5) is installed at one end of the first flow cylinder (15) away from the cylindrical shell (11), and the driving end of the cylinder (5) is connected to the diverter cylinder (21); The bottom of the cylindrical shell (11) is inclined from both ends toward the exhaust pipe (14).

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