Small stress-strain loading device and stress-strain detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of loading and measurement of stress and strain, and discloses a small-sized stress and strain loading device and a stress and strain detection method, which realize loading and reading of small-sized strain by using a screw rod motor, a force sensor, a tension and pressure applying device and a resistance strain gauge. The force sensor outputs digital signals, data are output to the upper computer through the digital signal conversion module, the resistance strain gauge is pasted to the back face of the standard part, when the loading device applies pull pressure, the standard part deforms, the resistance value of the standard part changes correspondingly, and output analog signals are output to the digital display voltage detection board. A detected polymer film is adhered to the front surface of the standard component, the strain value of the polymer film is detected by an external optical instrument, and the small strain loading device and the strain detection method are realized by recording and comparing data at two ends. According to the invention, the problems of limited space, poor portability, difficult installation and weak adaptive design are solved; the problem of micro stress strain measurement requirements is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of stress-strain loading and measurement, and in particular relates to a small stress-strain loading device and a stress-strain detection method. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development of disciplines such as physics, optics, computer science and materials science, strain measurement technology has made breakthroughs in the following directions: Miniaturization and intelligence: With the miniaturization and integration of electronic components, miniaturization, low power consumption and intelligence have become the development trend of this technology. (1) Multi-parameter measurement: In order to answer more complex questions, this technology will need to measure multiple parameters at the same time, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, etc., and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results. (2) Big data analysis: The amount of collected data is gradually increasing. How to process and analyze large amounts of data is an important direction of this technology. Artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies are used to process and analyze data to obtain more accurate results and more reliable predictions. (3) Application of new materials: New materials (such as nanomaterials, carbon fibers, etc.) are used in the research and application of sensor materials, which can greatly improve their sensitivity and durability.

[0003] The prior art is a ten-channel organic material automated stress / strain loading and monitoring device, which relates to the technical field of material testing devices, and specifically to a ten-channel organic material automated stress / strain loading and monitoring device. The device can carry out independent control and loading of the test piece at one time, and can realize real-time monitoring of stress and strain, providing an efficient and reliable technical means for evaluating the service behavior of organic materials under long-term stress loading conditions. The device includes a main frame, which is used to bear stress loading, including a support box, a support frame and an upper cover body. The support box is provided with a loading station, which is arranged in two rows, and each row is provided with five loading shafts; the main frame can withstand the maximum stress loading under the condition of 10-axis stress loading at the same time without causing deformation that affects the test data. A clamp is installed on the loading shaft, wherein the clamp includes a compression clamp and a tension clamp, which can be replaced and used. A servo motor system is connected to the clamp, and the servo motor system includes a reducer, an electric cylinder, a servo motor, a force sensor and a clamp connecting rod from top to bottom, and the clamp connecting rod is connected and fixed to the clamp. A grating ruler is also fixed on the support box at the bottom of each loading axis. The maximum loading stroke of the grating ruler is not less than 50 mm, and the displacement resolution is better than 0.1 μm. Two sets of strain monitoring interfaces are reserved for each axis to facilitate taking the average value on both sides to reduce test errors.

[0004] The device also includes an electric control system, and each axis loading system of the electric control system is an independent unit, and the communication between them is connected to the computer using the Profinet TCP / IP bus. The deformation measurement value and the value measured by the force sensor are connected to the PLC controller, and then converted by the PLC controller and sent to the computer. It is planned to use the highly reliable German Siemens PLC control core, and the host operation, loading system, deformation measurement system, and safety interlocking system are all based on PLC. The 10-axis servo motor loading system can be controlled independently for each axis, with a maximum test force of no less than 4KN, and a stress control accuracy of the test force within ±0.5%. The servo motor adopts a brake-type servo motor. The equipment is braked when working, and the brake is released only when the force value is adjusted, and the motor rotates, which ensures the stability of the test force and the test force will not change due to a short power outage. The precision reducer of the servo motor loading system adopts a precision servo motor-specific reducer, which requires high precision and small backlash to ensure accurate and stable transmission. The electric cylinder of the servo motor loading system has a built-in ball screw pair, which has high transmission efficiency, high precision and stable transmission. The test force measurement accuracy level of the force sensor of the servo motor loading system is 0.5, and the relative error of the test force indication is within ±0.5%. The tensile fixture adopts a bayonet structure. When using it, first clamp the split clamp ring onto the tensile specimen, and then put it into the fixture together. The compression fixture adopts a reverse frame form, which has the advantage that the upper and lower joints apply tension (the same as the tensile test) and the pressure acts on the specimen. The deformation measurement sensor adopts a grating sensor. The deformation is measured by dual sensors, and their average value is taken as the deformation of the specimen.

[0005] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows: the existing technology mainly targets the problem of macroscopic material aging, realizes batch automated variable stress loading and long-term stress loading and monitoring, but does not consider the recording and influence of temperature and humidity data. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a small stress-strain loading device and a stress-strain detection method.

[0007] The present invention is implemented as follows: a small stress-strain loading device, the small stress-strain loading device comprising:

[0008] The host computer is used to display the measurement and control results and send control commands and receive data through USB. The main interface of the host computer is as follows: Figure 1 Click the Settings button on the main interface and a pop-up window will pop up automatically. Figure 2Interface, in this interface you can select the RS232 communication port, through conversion you can achieve USB communication with the lower computer, at the same time in this interface you can also set the data file save path; each measurement value can choose dynamic test and static test mode, once the strain is enabled and in the dynamic test mode, the tension and displacement measurement automatically switch to dynamic test; if tension is enabled, the minimum and maximum tension values ​​can be set in the dynamic mode, the displacement measurement module automatically switches to displacement abandonment mode, only displaying real-time measurement values; if displacement is enabled, the minimum and maximum displacement values ​​can be set in the dynamic mode, the tension measurement module automatically switches to tension abandonment mode, only displaying real-time measurement values; once strain is enabled and in the static test mode, the tension and displacement measurement automatically switches to static measurement Test; if tension is enabled, the tension setting value can be set in dynamic mode, then the displacement measurement module automatically switches to the displacement abandonment mode, and only the real-time measurement value is displayed; if displacement is enabled, the displacement setting value can be set in static mode, then the tension measurement module automatically switches to the tension abandonment mode, and only the real-time measurement value is displayed; strain measurement can simultaneously meet the measurement of four channels and receive data from four strain sensors at the same time; the recorder can perform dynamic and static tests on humidity and temperature separately or simultaneously, and the minimum and maximum values ​​of temperature and humidity can be set in dynamic mode, and the set values ​​of temperature and humidity are automatically invalid; in static mode, the set values ​​of temperature and humidity can be set, and the maximum and minimum values ​​of temperature and humidity are automatically invalid; if temperature and humidity are abandoned, only the real-time measurement value is displayed. When the "Start" button in the lower left corner of the main interface is pressed, the system performs an automatic test process, and the upper computer sends control signals to the motor driver and solid-state relay of the lower computer.

[0009] The lower computer is used to receive commands from the upper computer, perform analog / digital conversion, run the PID control algorithm, send data to the upper computer, and send control signals to the stress and strain loading device. The main circuit diagram of the lower computer is shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, it consists of 8 parts in total, namely the main control chip STM32 microcontroller, 6 stepper motor drivers, limit switches, heating and humidification control, temperature and humidity sensors, USB communication, power management, display and sound. The functions and effects are as follows:

[0010] STM32 MCU: used for sending and receiving data and commands, and running PID control algorithm;

[0011] 6 stepper motor drivers: two for longitudinal direction, one for left and right and front and back directions, one for tension loading and one for spare;

[0012] Limit switch; limit the maximum movement range of the loader in three-dimensional space to avoid damage to the equipment;

[0013] Heating and humidification control: provide set environmental variables for test materials;

[0014] Temperature and humidity sensing: detects and verifies the accuracy and reliability of environmental variables, and provides calculation basis for control algorithms;

[0015] USB communication: through CH340 chip, converted to RS232 communication, to establish communication between the upper computer and the lower computer;

[0016] Power management: realize voltage stabilization and overvoltage protection to provide stable power supply for the system;

[0017] Display and sound: Displays the preset value and real-time measured value of each parameter. When an abnormality is found or the test is completed, a sound prompt is given.

[0018] The stress-strain loading device is used for strain sensing detection. After the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, the output analog signal is converted by ADC and sent to the single-chip microcomputer. After processing, the control signal module of the lower computer sends a control signal to form a closed-loop feedback mechanism. The specific process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. When the lower computer receives the control parameters sent by the upper computer, it runs the PID control algorithm in combination with the ADC data, and sends the calculation results to the motor driver and solid-state relay to drive the motor, heater, and humidifier to work according to the set parameters. If low temperature is required, it must be used with an external cooling device. When the motor receives the rotation command, it can realize forward and reverse rotation respectively. Figure 5 The mobile end 2 in the tension sensor forms a pulling and compressing force, and under the traction of the tension sensor, Figure 5 The mobile end 1 in the figure makes the standard part subjected to the tensile pressure, which will cause deformation and transmit the deformation to the strain sensing medium of the object under test and the strain gauge of the strain sensor. The specific steps are as follows:

[0019] Furthermore, the host computer is a graphical human-computer interaction operation interface written in a high-level language, which has the function of receiving measurement data uploaded by the slave computer and displaying the measurement results in real time, and also has the function of sending control commands of preset parameters to the slave computer.

[0020] Furthermore, the lower computer is composed of eight parts: a main control chip STM32 single-chip microcomputer, six stepper motor drivers, a limit switch, heating and humidification control, temperature and humidity sensors, USB communication, power management, display and sound.

[0021] STM32 MCU: used for sending and receiving data and commands, and running PID control algorithm;

[0022] 6 stepper motor drivers: two for longitudinal direction, one for left and right and front and back directions, one for tension loading and one for spare;

[0023] Limit switch; limit the maximum movement range of the loader in three-dimensional space to avoid damage to the equipment;

[0024] Heating and humidification control: provide set environmental variables for test materials;

[0025] Temperature and humidity sensing: detects and verifies the accuracy and reliability of environmental variables, and provides calculation basis for control algorithms;

[0026] USB communication: through CH340 chip, converted to RS232 communication, to establish communication between the upper computer and the lower computer;

[0027] Power management: realize voltage stabilization and overvoltage protection to provide stable power supply for the system;

[0028] Display and sound: Displays the preset value and real-time measured value of each parameter. When an abnormality is found or the test is completed, a sound prompt is given.

[0029] Furthermore, the stress-strain loading device is composed of a motor driver, a miniature force-sensitive sensing medium, a solid-state relay, a heater and a humidifier, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a multi-channel strain sensor module.

[0030] The stress-strain loading device is used for strain sensing detection. After the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, the output analog signal is converted by ADC and sent to the single-chip microcomputer. After processing, it is sent to the control signal module of the lower computer to issue a control signal, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism. The specific process is as follows: Figure 4 When the lower computer receives the control parameters sent by the upper computer, it runs the PID control algorithm in combination with the ADC data, and sends the calculation results to the motor driver and solid-state relay to drive the motor, heater, and humidifier to work according to the set parameters. If low temperature is required, it needs to be used in conjunction with an external cooling device.

[0031] Further, all parts of the stress-strain loading device are mounted on a double U-shaped base, including a motor mounting plate, a fixed end, a sealing plate with a through-hole, a bottom plate, a first standard part slot, a first standard part fixing screw hole, a threaded rod through hole, a smooth rod through hole, a side sealing plate fixing bolt hole, a motor fixing screw hole, and a motor mounting through hole;

[0032] When the motor receives a rotation command, it can realize forward and reverse rotation respectively. Figure 5 The mobile end 2 in the tension sensor forms a pulling and compressing force, and under the traction of the tension sensor, Figure 5 The moving end 1 in the apparatus causes the standard part to be subjected to tensile pressure, which causes deformation and transmits the deformation to the strain sensing medium of the object under test and the strain gauge of the strain sensor.

[0033] The mobile end 1 includes a second standard component 1 slot, a first linear bearing mounting through hole, a first linear bearing mounting threaded hole, a first wire groove, a threaded rod through hole, a reserved threaded hole, and a micro force-sensitive sensor fixing threaded hole;

[0034] On the reverse side of the mobile end 1, there are threaded holes for fixing the second standard component 2 and bolt holes for fixing the micro force sensitive sensor;

[0035] Mobile end 2, second wire groove, second linear bearing mounting through hole, second linear bearing mounting threaded hole, micro force sensor fixing threaded hole, flange mounting through hole, flange fixing threaded hole.

[0036] Furthermore, the standard parts are designed in various forms. The leftmost end of the miniature force-sensitive sensor is a 57 stepper motor with a 4-head lead screw and a flange, and the flange is installed at the flange mounting through hole of the moving end 2.

[0037] Another object of the present invention is to provide a stress and strain detection method based on the small stress and strain loading device, and the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device comprises the following steps:

[0038] The motor driver provides the motor with power to generate forward and reverse rotation. The linear traction force generated by the motor's rotation directly acts on the miniature force-sensitive sensor, and the force can be directly measured through the matching digital transmitter.

[0039] The multi-channel strain sensor, which is connected in series with the micro force-sensitive sensor, will also generate a changing analog signal under the action of force and output it to the signal processing module, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer for analog / digital conversion, and finally for analysis and processing by the microprocessor;

[0040] After the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, the output analog signals are sent to the signal processing module, which is then sent to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

[0041] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device.

[0042] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device.

[0043] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device.

[0044] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0045] First, the present invention relates to strain loading and detection of new materials, such as polymer films based on carbon nanotubes. Since nanomaterials are usually sensitive to temperature and humidity, the device also involves environmental parameter detection of temperature and humidity. The device uses a screw motor, a force sensor, a tension and pressure applying device, and a resistance strain gauge to achieve small strain loading and reading. The force sensor outputs a digital signal, and the data is output to the host computer through a digital signal conversion module. The resistance strain gauge is pasted on the back of the standard part. When the loading device applies tension and pressure, the standard part is deformed, and its resistance value will change accordingly. The output analog signal will be output to the digital display voltage detection board. The polymer film to be detected is pasted on the front of the standard part. The strain value of the polymer film is detected by an external optical instrument. By recording and comparing the data at both ends, a small strain loading device and strain detection method are realized.

[0046] Second, the existing technology mainly targets the aging problem of macroscopic materials, and realizes batch automated variable stress loading and long-term stress loading and monitoring. The recording and influence of temperature and humidity data are not considered. The present invention targets the stress and strain loading and detection of micro / nano materials, and needs to reconsider the loading device structure and the monitoring of environmental parameters. Solve the problems of limited space, poor portability, difficult installation, and weak adaptability design; solve the problem of being unable to obtain and control environmental parameters; solve the problem of the need for tiny stress and strain measurement.

[0047] The present invention can replace the standard part loading end within a certain range to adapt to the different shapes of the objects to be tested or standard parts. At the same time, by adding a mobile end, the tensile force can be measured while measuring the strain. The sealing treatment can be adopted to realize the control, collection and compensation of the temperature and humidity. The structural design is small in size, easy to move and has good portability. The structure is easy to change according to the test needs, easy to install and has strong adaptability.

[0048] Third, the technical solution of the present invention fills the gap in domestic and foreign industry technology: The technical solution of the present invention fills the gap in domestic and foreign industry technology in the field of stress and strain loading and measurement technology, especially in the field of miniaturized, multi-parameter, high-precision stress and strain loading devices and their detection methods. It is specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0049] Miniaturization and integration: With the trend of miniaturization and integration of electronic components, the small stress-strain loading device of the present invention realizes a highly integrated design, which not only reduces power consumption, but also significantly reduces the size of the device, making it easy to flexibly deploy and operate in the laboratory or on-site, meeting the requirements of modern materials science research for equipment portability and efficiency.

[0050] Multi-parameter synchronous measurement: In the context of strain measurement technology developing towards multi-parameter measurement, the present invention can not only realize real-time monitoring of stress and strain, but also integrate the recording and analysis functions of temperature and humidity data. This innovation solves the problem that the existing technology only focuses on stress and strain parameters while ignoring the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity on material properties, making the measurement results more comprehensive and accurate, and providing more reliable data support for the practical application of materials.

[0051] High precision and intelligence: This invention adopts advanced PID control algorithm, combined with high-precision sensors such as grating ruler, force sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and servo motor system, to achieve accurate control and measurement of loading force, displacement, strain and ambient temperature and humidity. At the same time, through the graphical human-computer interaction interface of the host computer, users can easily set test parameters, monitor measurement data in real time, and perform dynamic or static tests as needed, which greatly improves the intelligent level of the test and user experience.

[0052] Closed-loop feedback mechanism: The stress-strain loading device and the environmental control system in the present invention form a closed-loop feedback mechanism. The environmental parameters are monitored in real time by temperature and humidity sensors, combined with ADC conversion and single-chip microcomputer processing, and the environmental variables are incorporated into the control algorithm to ensure the environmental stability of the test process, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0053] Flexibility and scalability: The lower computer design of the present invention is highly flexible and scalable. For example, the spare drivers among the six stepper motor drivers reserve space for functions that may be added in the future; at the same time, through the design of USB communication interface and PLC controller, the entire system can be easily integrated and expanded with other devices or systems to meet the testing needs in different fields and complex scenarios.

[0054] In summary, the technical solution of the present invention has made significant breakthroughs in miniaturization, integration, multi-parameter synchronous measurement, high-precision intelligence, closed-loop feedback mechanism, flexibility and scalability, filling the technical gaps in the industry at home and abroad, and providing new ideas and directions for the development of stress-strain loading and measurement technology.

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention solves the technical problems that people have been eager to solve but have never been able to solve successfully:

[0056] Miniaturization and intelligence: The present invention provides a small stress-strain loading device and detection method, which is in line with the current trend of strain measurement technology towards miniaturization and intelligence. Traditional large loading devices have deficiencies in flexibility, portability and intelligent control, and the present invention may solve these problems through miniaturization design, meeting people's demand for smaller and smarter measurement tools.

[0057] Recording and influence of temperature and humidity data: The existing technology mainly focuses on the problem of macroscopic material aging, and does not consider the recording and influence of temperature and humidity data. The present invention introduces a recorder to perform dynamic and static tests on humidity and temperature separately or simultaneously, which solves the problem that temperature and humidity are ignored as important environmental factors in stress and strain measurement, and improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0058] High precision and reliability: The servo motor loading system, precision reducer and force sensor in the present invention all adopt high precision and high reliability design to ensure the accuracy of loading and measurement. This is an important technological breakthrough for scientific research and engineering applications that require high-precision stress-strain data.

[0059] Independent control and loading: The loading device of the present invention supports independent control of each axis, which means that different specimens can be independently loaded and tested under different conditions, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the test. This solves the technical problem that traditional loading devices are difficult to achieve flexible control in complex test scenarios.

[0060] User-friendliness: The upper computer interface of the present invention is concise and clear, supports multiple test modes and setting options, and users can easily operate and manage data. This solves the problem that traditional measurement equipment is complicated and cumbersome in operation and has poor user experience.

[0061] Application of new materials: Although the present invention does not directly mention the application of new materials in sensors, its design concept and technical solution provide the possibility for the application of new materials such as nanomaterials and carbon fibers in stress and strain measurement. This helps to solve the shortcomings of traditional materials in terms of sensitivity and durability, and promotes the further development of measurement technology.

[0062] Fourth, the existing technical problems solved by the scoliosis orthosis brace and the significant technical progress achieved can be summarized as follows:

[0063] Existing technical problems solved:

[0064] 1. Lack of personalization: Traditional scoliosis orthosis braces often adopt a "one-size-fits-all" design approach, lacking accurate analysis of the patient's individual scoliosis condition, resulting in unsatisfactory correction results.

[0065] 2. Low comfort: Some traditional braces may cause discomfort to patients when worn due to unreasonable design or poor material, which affects wearing compliance and correction effect.

[0066] 3. Inconvenient adjustment: Some braces are not flexible enough in adjusting the correction force and fixed position, and it is difficult to meet the changing needs of patients during the correction process.

[0067] 4. Lack of feedback mechanism: Traditional braces often lack an effective feedback mechanism, making it difficult for doctors to accurately understand the patient's wearing conditions and correction effects, and difficult to adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner.

[0068] Significant technological advances achieved:

[0069] 1. Personalized customization: Through the digital individual information collection system, the patient's scoliosis condition is accurately analyzed, and personalized orthotic braces are customized according to the analysis results to improve the correction effect.

[0070] 2. Improve comfort: Use more advanced materials and designs to make the brace lighter, thinner and more breathable, reduce the patient's discomfort when wearing it, and improve wearing compliance.

[0071] 3. Flexible adjustment: The design of the brace allows for flexible adjustment according to the patient's correction progress and comfort needs, ensuring that the correction process always remains in the best state.

[0072] 4. Introduce a feedback mechanism: Through the individual information bioanalysis system and dedicated APP, real-time feedback and communication between doctors and patients can be achieved. Doctors can adjust the treatment plan in time according to the feedback results to improve the correction efficiency.

[0073] 5. Intelligent management: Combined with intelligent elements such as the electrical stimulation signal sheet, the brace can automatically adjust the correction force and stimulation position during use, reducing the patient's active participation and improving the correction effect.

[0074] In summary, the scoliosis orthosis brace of the present invention has achieved remarkable technical progress in terms of personalized customization, comfort, adjustment flexibility, feedback mechanism and intelligent management, providing patients with a more efficient and comfortable correction experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the host computer main interface of the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 It is a setting interface diagram of the system host computer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 It is a main circuit schematic diagram of the system lower computer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a small stress-strain loading device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a small stress-strain loading device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 This is a main frame diagram of a small stress-strain loading device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a mobile terminal 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the mobile terminal 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a mobile terminal 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standard component 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standard component 2 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro force-sensitive sensor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 57 stepping motor with a 4-head lead screw and a flange provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] In the figure: 1. Motor mounting plate; 2. Fixed end; 3. Sealing plate with wire-through hole; 4. Bottom plate; 5. First standard part 1 slot; 6. First standard part 2 fixing screw hole; 7. Threaded rod through hole; 8. Light rod through hole; 9. Side sealing plate fixing bolt hole; 10. Motor fixing screw hole; 11. Motor mounting through hole; 12. Second standard part 1 slot; 13. First linear bearing mounting through hole; 14. First linear bearing mounting threaded hole; 15. First wire-through slot; 16. Threaded rod through hole; 17. Reserved threaded hole; 18. Micro force sensor fixing threaded hole; 19. Second standard part 2 fixing threaded hole; 20. Micro force sensor fixing bolt hole; 21. Second wire-through slot; 22. Second linear bearing mounting through hole; 23. Second linear bearing mounting threaded hole; 24. Micro force sensor fixing threaded hole; 25. Flange mounting through hole; 26. Flange fixing threaded hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, the small stress-strain loading device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0091] The host computer is used to display the measurement and control results and send control commands and receive data through USB;

[0092] The lower computer is used to receive commands from the upper computer, perform analog / digital conversion, run the PID control algorithm, send data to the upper computer, and send control signals to the stress-strain loading device;

[0093] The stress-strain loading device is used to send the output analog signal to the signal processing module after the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

[0094] The working principle of this device starts with the operation of the host computer. The user sets the required test parameters, such as loading force, loading rate, etc., through the interface of the host computer and starts the test. Subsequently, the host computer sends the control command to the slave computer through the USB interface, which is the beginning of the entire test process.

[0095] After receiving the command from the upper computer, the lower computer starts working. First, it receives analog signals from the temperature and humidity sensors in the stress and strain loading device, which reflect the current environmental conditions. After being amplified and filtered by the signal processing module, these analog signals are sent to the analog / digital converter ADC of the lower computer for digitization. The lower computer uses these digitized signals and combines them with the preset PID control algorithm to calculate the corresponding control signal.

[0096] The calculated control signal is then sent by the lower computer to the stress-strain loading device to adjust the loading parameters, such as loading force or loading speed, to achieve precise control of the sample. At the same time, the loading device continuously monitors the stress and strain state of the sample during the loading process, and feeds these real-time data back to the lower computer in the form of analog signals, forming a closed-loop feedback system.

[0097] Under the action of closed-loop feedback, the lower computer continuously adjusts the control strategy according to the feedback signal to ensure the stability and accuracy of the loading process. Ultimately, all measurement and control results, including real-time stress and strain data and any important events during the test, are collected by the lower computer and sent back to the upper computer through the USB interface for display and recording. Users can intuitively view the test results, analyze the data, and perform further tests or data processing as needed through the upper computer interface.

[0098] The stress-strain loading device of the present invention realizes precise stress-strain loading on materials or structures through the coordinated work of multiple components. All parts are mounted on a double U-shaped base to provide stable support and foundation for the entire device. Structural components such as the motor mounting plate, motor fixing screw holes, and sealing plates are respectively fixed on the base to form a stable basic frame. The motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate through the motor fixing screw holes and the motor mounting through holes, providing driving force and transmitting mechanical motion through the threaded rods.

[0099] One of the core components of the device is the mobile terminal, which has a structure like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, mobile terminal 1 and mobile terminal 2 are located at different positions of the device. Mobile terminal 1 is fixed to the base through standard parts 1 and standard parts 2, and is connected to the linear bearing through the first linear bearing mounting hole to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of movement during loading. Mobile terminal 1 is also provided with a mounting hole for a micro force-sensitive sensor. The sensor is fixed through a threaded hole to detect stress changes during loading in real time, and transmit the signal to the control system for feedback and adjustment. Mobile terminal 2 is similar to mobile terminal 1, the main difference being that mobile terminal 2 has a flange mounting hole, which is used to connect the screw of the stepper motor to achieve precise control of the loading process.

[0100] During the loading process, the 57 stepper motor Fig.13 As shown, the rotary motion is converted into linear motion through the screw, and the force is transmitted to the moving end 2 through the flange. The moving end 2 moves smoothly on the guide rail through the linear bearing, and the stress is transmitted to the specimen. The entire loading process is monitored in real time by the control system, and feedback control is performed through the stress data collected by the micro force sensor to ensure the accuracy and stability of stress loading. The red signal line is used to transmit the stress data collected by the sensor, and the light blue arrow indicates the loading direction to ensure that the loading direction is consistent with the setting to avoid stress concentration or loading deviation.

[0101] The standard parts 1 and 2 of the device are as follows Fig.10 and Fig.11The designs shown are in various forms to adapt to different loading requirements and specimen specifications. They not only play a fixing role, but also ensure the precise docking and installation of various parts of the loading device through structures such as slots and screw holes, ensuring that the various components can fit closely during the entire stress-strain loading process to achieve high-precision stress loading. This structural design improves the flexibility and versatility of the device and is suitable for stress-strain experiments of various materials or structures.

[0102] 1. Connection relationship:

[0103] The motor mounting plate 1 is fixed on the bottom plate 4 and connected to the motor via the motor fixing screw holes 10 and the motor mounting through holes 11 .

[0104] The fixed end 2 is fixed to the bottom plate 4 through the fixing bolt holes 9 of the side sealing plate to provide structural stability.

[0105] The sealing plate 3 with wire holes is connected between the motor mounting plate 1 and the bottom plate 4 to seal the wires passing through and prevent debris from entering the interior of the device.

[0106] The first standard component 1 card slot 5 and the first standard component 2 fixing screw hole 6 connect the standard component 1 and the bottom plate 4 to fix the position of the standard component 1 .

[0107] The threaded rod through hole 7 and the smooth rod through hole 8 are used to connect the transmission rod and the linear bearing respectively to ensure the smooth operation of the transmission structure.

[0108] The second standard component 1 slot 12 and the second standard component 2 fixing threaded hole 19 are used to fix the standard component 2 to ensure that it is aligned with the standard component 1 .

[0109] The first linear bearing mounting through hole 13 and the second linear bearing mounting through hole 22 are used to mount the linear bearing, and the bearings are fixed by the first linear bearing mounting threaded hole 14 and the second linear bearing mounting threaded hole 23 to support and guide the linear motion of the moving end.

[0110] The micro force sensor fixing threaded hole 18 and the micro force sensor fixing bolt hole 20 are used to fix the micro force sensor to ensure stable installation of the sensor.

[0111] The flange mounting through hole 25 and the flange fixing threaded hole 26 are used to connect the flange of the stepper motor and are fixed by bolts to ensure that the movement of the transmission rod is accurately transmitted to the moving end.

[0112] 2. Position relationship:

[0113] The motor mounting plate 1 is located above the base plate 4, and the motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate through the motor fixing screw holes 10, close to the end of the base plate, to ensure that the motor is stable and the transmission path is smooth.

[0114] The fixed end 2 is arranged at one side of the bottom plate and connected to the sealing plate 3 with the through-holes. The fixed end provides key support for the entire device.

[0115] The sealing plate 3 with wire-through holes is located between the motor mounting plate 1 and the bottom plate 4 to ensure the sealing of the wires and signal wires when they pass through.

[0116] The first standard component 1 card slot 5 and the first standard component 2 fixing screw hole 6 are located in the middle area of ​​the bottom plate, and are used to position and fix the standard component 1 to ensure that it does not deviate during operation.

[0117] The threaded rod through hole 7 and the smooth rod through hole 8 are respectively on the central axis of the base plate 4, ensuring that the transmission rod and the linear bearing can run smoothly.

[0118] The second standard component 1 card slot 12 and the second standard component 2 fixing threaded hole 19 are at the moving end, ensuring the stability and alignment accuracy of the standard component 2.

[0119] The first linear bearing mounting through hole 13 and the second linear bearing mounting through hole 22 are arranged on both sides of the moving end, and the mounting position is parallel to the bottom plate to ensure the stability of the linear motion.

[0120] The micro force sensor fixing threaded holes 18 and 24 and the micro force sensor fixing bolt hole 20 are all located at the sensor installation position, ensuring that the sensor is accurately fixed in the force direction.

[0121] The flange mounting through hole 25 and the flange fixing threaded hole 26 are located at the moving end 2, and the power is transmitted to the transmission system through the flange connected to the stepping motor.

[0122] The core of the device is to use the motor drive system to control the linear motion of the moving end through the synergy of the threaded rod and the smooth rod, thereby applying stress and strain. The motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate 1 and connected to the transmission rod through the motor mounting through hole 11. The transmission rod passes through the threaded rod through hole 7 and the smooth rod through hole 8 and is connected to the moving end 1 and the moving end 2. The moving end 2 is connected to the stepper motor through a flange.

[0123] When the motor starts, it drives the transmission rod to rotate, and the rotational motion of the transmission rod is converted into linear motion of the mobile end through the threaded rod. The precise positioning and force of the mobile end are achieved through linear bearings and micro force sensors. The linear bearings are guided through the through holes installed on the base plate and the mobile end to keep the mobile end stable during the loading process. The micro force sensor is fixed at a specific position on the mobile end to monitor the stress changes during the loading process in real time and feedback to the control system to adjust the loading parameters and ensure the accuracy of the experiment.

[0124] The whole device ensures the stability and accuracy of the loading process through reasonable connection and position arrangement. All components work together to achieve precise control of the stress and strain of the specimen through motor drive, transmission rod transmission, linear bearing guidance, and sensor feedback.

[0125] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it mainly consists of three parts: the host computer, the slave computer and the stress and strain loading device, forming a stress and strain detection method. Among them, the host computer is a graphical human-computer interactive operation interface written in a high-level language, and its main function is to display the measurement and control results and send control commands through USB; the slave computer is composed of a microprocessor, a display, a keyboard, an ADC, an alarm circuit and a power supply circuit, and its main function is to receive commands from the host computer, analog / digital conversion, run the PID control algorithm, send data to the host computer and send control signals to the stress and strain loading device; the stress and strain loading device is composed of a motor driver, a micro force-sensitive sensor, a solid-state relay, SSR, a heater and a humidifier, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a multi-channel strain sensor and a signal processing module. The motor driver provides the motor with power to generate forward and reverse rotation. The linear traction force generated by the motor after rotation directly acts on the micro force-sensitive sensor, and the force can be directly measured through the matching digital transmitter. In addition, the multi-channel strain sensor in series with the micro force sensor will also generate a changing analog signal under the action of force and output it to the signal processing simulation block, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer for analog / digital conversion, and finally for analysis and processing by the microprocessor. SSR is a contactless electronic switch. The output state of SSR can be changed by adding TTL high and low levels to the control end and sent by the microprocessor. The heater and humidifier provide protection for the stress and strain detection environment through the output of SSR according to the calculation results of the control algorithm. After the temperature and humidity sensor detects the environmental parameters, the output analog signal is sent to the signal processing module, and then sent to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

[0126] The installation structure diagram of the stress-strain loading device of the present invention is as follows Figure 5 All parts are mounted on a double U-shaped base, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the motor mounting plate 1, the fixed end 2, the sealing plate with a through hole 3, the bottom plate 4, the first standard component 1 slot 5, the first standard component 2 fixing screw hole 6, the threaded rod through hole 7, the smooth rod through hole 8, the side sealing plate fixing bolt hole 9, the motor fixing screw hole 10, and the motor mounting through hole 11. Figure 5 The front of the mobile terminal 1 is as follows Figure 7 As shown. Among them, the second standard part 1 includes a slot 12, a first linear bearing mounting through hole 13, a first linear bearing mounting threaded hole 14, a first wire groove 15, a threaded rod through hole 16, a reserved threaded hole 17, and a micro force sensor fixing threaded hole 18; Figure 5 The reverse side of the mobile terminal 1 is as follows Figure 8 Among them, the second standard component 2 has a fixing threaded hole 19 and the micro force sensor has a fixing bolt hole 20. Figure 5 Mobile terminal 2 in Fig. 9 Among them, the second wire groove 21, the second linear bearing mounting through hole 22, the second linear bearing mounting threaded hole 23, the micro force sensor fixing threaded hole 24, the flange mounting through hole 25, and the flange fixing threaded hole 26. Figure 5 The standard parts in the figure can be designed in various forms. Here, standard parts 1 and 2 are as follows: Fig.10 and Fig.11 shown. Figure 5 Micro force sensors such as Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the light blue arrow represents the force direction, and the red part represents the signal line lead. Figure 5 The leftmost one is a 57 stepper motor with a 4-lead screw and a flange, as shown in Fig.13 As shown, the flange is installed at the flange installation through hole of the moving end 2.

[0127] The present invention adopts a series connection mode of two mobile terminals, which solves the problem that the force-sensitive sensor cannot be connected with the standard part, and ensures that the force and strain are measured at the same time. The mobile terminal 2 can also be removed to measure only the strain.

[0128] The present invention adopts a sealable structure, which can control environmental parameters to measure stress and strain, which can not only ensure that the measurement is carried out in an environment close to the real environment, but also use the environmental parameters as correction variables to reduce the error of the measurement result.

[0129] The present invention adopts a design mode in which the mobile end and the fixed end are replaceable, and the corresponding mobile end and the fixed end can be redesigned according to the shape and fixing mode of the measured object, so that the measuring mode becomes flexible and changeable.

[0130] The basic structure of the equipment is composed of a motor mounting plate 1 and a bottom plate 4, which are tightly connected through a fixed end 2 to form a stable installation platform. The motor mounting plate 1 is provided with a motor fixing screw hole 10 and a motor mounting through hole 11, allowing the motor to be accurately fixed and installed at this position by bolts. At the same time, a sealing plate 3 with a through hole is installed in an appropriate position to ensure that the motor cable can be sealed and flexibly wired when passing through.

[0131] In order to achieve precise linear motion control, the device integrates a first linear bearing mounting through hole 13 and a second linear bearing mounting through hole 22, which are used to mount the first and second linear bearings respectively. These linear bearings are fixed to the base plate 4 through corresponding mounting threaded holes 14, 23, providing a smooth and low-friction motion track for transmission components such as threaded rods. The threaded rods pass through the device through threaded rod through holes 7, 16, and their movement is adjusted and controlled by fixing the first standard part through the slot 5 and the fixing screw hole 6 and the second standard part through the slot 12 and the fixing screw hole 19.

[0132] In order to monitor and adjust the force during the transmission process, the device is equipped with a built-in micro force sensor, which is precisely installed at a key position through the micro force sensor fixing threaded holes 18, 24 and the fixing bolt hole 20. These sensors can sense and feedback force information in real time, providing data support for the control system, thereby achieving dynamic force adjustment and optimizing motion control. In addition, the reserved threaded hole 17 provides an interface for possible expansion or additional functions.

[0133] The device also takes into account the convenience and sealing of cable management, and designs the first cable trough 15 and the second cable trough 21 to ensure that all external connection cables pass through in an orderly manner and remain sealed to prevent dust and moisture from intruding. Finally, the design of the flange mounting through hole 25 and the flange fixing threaded hole 26 allows the device to be quickly and firmly connected to other mechanical structures or systems, enhancing the versatility and integration capabilities of the device. The entire assembly process follows strict tolerance and matching principles to ensure that all components are accurately docked to achieve efficient and stable operation.

[0134] The stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device provided in the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0135] S101: The motor driver provides the motor with power to generate forward and reverse rotation. The linear traction force generated by the motor rotation directly acts on the micro force-sensitive sensor. The force can be directly measured through the matching digital transmitter, and the test results are sent to the upper computer through the lower computer for display;

[0136] S102: The multi-channel strain sensor in series with the micro force-sensitive sensor will also generate a changing analog signal under the action of force and output it to the signal processing simulation block, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer for analog / digital conversion. At the same time, after the temperature and humidity sensor detects the environmental parameters, the output analog signal is sent to the signal processing module, which is then sent to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, and finally analyzed and processed by the microprocessor;

[0137] S103: When used for material performance analysis, the measurement data and parameter data can be directly sent to the host computer; when used for precise control of strain, after the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, the output analog signal is sent to the signal processing module, which is then sent to the ADC of the lower computer after processing. The main control chip then combines the real-time strain value with the temperature and humidity detection value for analysis, and uses the PID algorithm to accurately control the output strain, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

[0138] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small stress-strain loading device, characterized in that: include: The host computer is used to display the measurement and control results and send control commands through USB; The lower computer is used to receive commands from the upper computer, perform analog / digital conversion, run the PID control algorithm, send data to the upper computer, and send control signals to the stress-strain loading device; The stress-strain loading device is used to send the output analog signal to the signal processing module after the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

2. The small stress-strain loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host computer is a graphical human-computer interaction operation interface written in a high-level language.

3. The small stress-strain loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower computer is composed of a microprocessor, a display, a keyboard, an ADC, an alarm circuit and a power supply circuit.

4. The small stress-strain loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stress-strain loading device is composed of a motor driver, a miniature force-sensitive sensor, a solid-state relay, a heater and a humidifier, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a multi-channel strain sensor and a signal processing module.

5. The small stress-strain loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All parts of the stress-strain loading device are installed on a double U-shaped base, including a motor mounting plate, a fixed end, a sealing plate with a through-hole, a bottom plate, a first standard part slot, a first standard part fixing screw hole, a threaded rod through hole, a smooth rod through hole, a side sealing plate fixing bolt hole, a motor fixing screw hole, and a motor mounting through hole; The mobile end 1 includes a second standard component 1 slot, a first linear bearing mounting through hole, a first linear bearing mounting threaded hole, a first wire groove, a threaded rod through hole, a reserved threaded hole, and a micro force-sensitive sensor fixing threaded hole; On the reverse side of the mobile end 1, there are threaded holes for fixing the second standard component 2 and bolt holes for fixing the micro force sensitive sensor; Mobile end 2, second wire groove, second linear bearing mounting through hole, second linear bearing mounting threaded hole, micro force sensor fixing threaded hole, flange mounting through hole, flange fixing threaded hole.

6. The small stress-strain loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The standard parts are designed in various forms. The leftmost end of the miniature force-sensitive sensor is a 57 stepper motor with a 4-head lead screw and a flange, and the flange is installed at the flange mounting through hole of the moving end 2.

7. A stress and strain detection method based on the small stress and strain loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device comprises the following steps: The motor driver provides the motor with power to generate forward and reverse rotation. The linear traction force generated by the motor's rotation directly acts on the miniature force-sensitive sensor, and the force can be directly measured through the matching digital transmitter. The multi-channel strain sensor, which is connected in series with the micro force-sensitive sensor, will also generate a changing analog signal under the action of force and output it to the signal processing simulation block, and then send it to the ADC of the lower computer for analog / digital conversion, and finally for analysis and processing by the microprocessor; After the temperature and humidity sensors detect the environmental parameters, the output analog signals are sent to the signal processing module, which is then sent to the ADC of the lower computer after processing, forming a closed-loop feedback mechanism.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device according to claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device according to claim 7.

10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that: The information data processing terminal is used to implement the stress and strain detection method of the small stress and strain loading device described in claim 7.

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