Testing equipment and method for simulating impact abrasion of high-temperature liquid metal environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for simulating impact abrasion of a high-temperature liquid metal environment, and relates to the technical field of abrasion test bed equipment, the test device comprises a main body structure, the main body structure comprises a test bed rack, a test kettle is arranged on the test bed rack, an impact driving device is arranged above the test kettle, and the impact driving device is connected with the impact driving device. An impact test table is arranged in the test kettle and comprises an angular displacement table; according to the invention, a high-temperature liquid metal environment can be realized, the highest temperature can reach 650 DEG C and is higher than the highest temperature of most high-temperature impact wear devices at present, oxygen control can be completed, and the influence of the content of dissolved oxygen in liquid metal on abrasion can be explored; the impact abrasion test in the environment can reveal the abrasion mechanism of the material in the high-temperature liquid metal environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wear test bench equipment, in particular to a device and method for simulating impact abrasion testing in a high-temperature liquid metal environment. Background Art

[0002] Impact wear is the surface wear caused by repeated dynamic contact between two solid surfaces. Impact wear exists in various mechanical equipment, which will cause damage to the contact surface of parts. It is the main cause of failure of many key components and will cause loss of manpower, material and financial resources. In the fourth-generation nuclear energy system, the reactor coolant replaces water with liquid metal. It is of great significance to study the abrasive behavior in its liquid metal reactor. It is particularly necessary to simulate the actual service conditions of the materials of key equipment parts that are susceptible to impact wear and explore their wear mechanisms. In order to study this kind of wear, there are many types of testing machines.

[0003] For example, in China's invention patent (publication number: CN108204928B), the device conducts impact wear tests in a conventional atmospheric environment with a fixed impact angle, and can only simulate and explore simple impact wear mechanisms. The device structure cannot be placed in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, and cannot meet the actual service requirements and environment of many components in the fourth-generation nuclear reactor.

[0004] For example, a Chinese invention patent (publication number: CN104897502B) provides an experimental device for studying micro-impact wear from an energy perspective. The main structures include a damping punch, a voice coil motor, a magnetic scale, an energy block, and a pressure sensor. Although the device achieves micro-impact wear, the method is based on the kinetic energy theorem E=(1 / 2)mv2, and controls the speed during impact and the mass of the energy block to control the magnitude of the impact kinetic energy, and obtains the energy consumption in the entire process. It cannot control the magnitude of the impact force, and cannot explore the relationship between the impact force and impact wear. The device can also only perform impact wear under normal temperature atmospheric conditions, and cannot simulate the actual working conditions of the fourth-generation nuclear reactor. In addition, the impact angle is fixed, and the actual parts may tilt at a small angle after being assembled and used for a period of time.

[0005] For example, the Chinese invention patent (publication number: CN103528905B) uses energy control as its impact control method. Although the device can achieve impact wear in a high temperature and high pressure environment, it cannot achieve a high temperature liquid metal environment. The temperature variation range is 0°C-350°C, and the maximum temperature that can be achieved is not high enough. The actual high temperature working condition is much higher than 350°C.

[0006] In the actual operating environment of a nuclear reactor, there is inevitably a certain angle deviation between the cladding tube and the steel convex grid during installation, and this deviation may be further aggravated as the reactor operates, resulting in abrasion between the two at different angles. In view of this situation, it is particularly important to study the fretting wear at different contact angles.

[0007] At present, the impact angle of most impact wear devices is fixed and cannot be adjusted. In some special fields, parts are used in liquid medium environments (such as high-temperature liquid metals). Most of the existing impact wear equipment is based on atmospheric environments or high-temperature and high-pressure environments. The temperature limit in high-temperature environments cannot meet many actual working conditions.

[0008] Moreover, most impact abrasion devices in liquid medium environments cannot monitor and adjust pH value in real time. pH value has great reference significance for the corrosion of parts. For example, in the commonly used high-temperature boron-lithium water environment, the general detection method is to take out the boron-lithium water for titration detection after the test. This method has a lag and cannot monitor the pH in real time during the test, nor can it monitor and adjust in real time.

[0009] Therefore, it is very necessary to design a high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment with adjustable pH value and impact angle. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simulating impact abrasion testing in a high-temperature liquid metal environment to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a simulated high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method, including a main structure, the main structure including a test bench frame, a test kettle is arranged on the test bench frame, an impact driving device is arranged above the test kettle, an impact test bench is arranged in the test kettle, the impact test bench includes an angular displacement table, a pad is connected to the bottom of the angular displacement table by screws, the pad is also connected to the inside of the test kettle by screws, the left and right adjustable angle of the angular displacement table is ten degrees, a clamp is arranged on the top surface of the angular displacement table, a grinding pair clamp is arranged above the clamp, a cylindrical pin is arranged on the clamp, a test sample is arranged in the cylindrical pin, the grinding pair clamp is provided with the same test sample and opposite cylindrical pins, and the grinding pair clamp is connected to the impact driving device.

[0012] Furthermore, the main structure also includes a melting kettle, an electric cylinder assembly, a grating, a hoist, pipes and valves, and a storage tank. The test kettle and the melting kettle are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test bench frame, the electric cylinder assembly is fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle, a grating is arranged in the electric cylinder assembly, the impact drive device is installed in the electric cylinder assembly, the hoist is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame, the pipes and valves are arranged below the test bench frame, and a storage tank is arranged on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the electric cylinder assembly includes a motor fixing seat, both ends of the bottom surface of the motor fixing seat are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle, the grating is fixedly connected to the lower ends on both sides inside the motor fixing seat, a connecting frame is provided on one side of the bottom surface of the electric cylinder assembly, a pull-cylinder type electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and an impact drive device is provided on the output shaft of the pull-cylinder type electric cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the impact drive device includes an impact rod, one end of the impact rod is provided with an impact rod connecting piece, the impact rod connecting piece is fixedly connected to the grinding pair clamp, the other end of the impact rod is provided with an adapter plate, the adapter plate is provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is provided with a sensor connecting piece, and the sensor connecting piece is connected to the pull cylinder type electric cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting machine includes a hook, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame, the top of the hook is provided with an extension plate, the other side of the extension plate is provided with a hook, and the top of the melting kettle and the top of the electric cylinder assembly are both provided with lifting rings, and the lifting rings are adapted to the hooks.

[0016] Furthermore, the pipeline and valve include a pipeline having two branches, which are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the test kettle and the melting kettle, and a valve is provided on the pipeline. There are two valves, which are respectively located in the middle and one side of the two branches.

[0017] Furthermore, a platform is provided on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame, the storage tank is installed on the top surface of the platform, an infusion tube is provided below the storage tank, an infusion connecting tube is provided on the top surface of the test kettle, the infusion tubes are connected with each other, and an electric butterfly valve is provided between the infusion tubes.

[0018] Furthermore, a kettle cover is provided at the top of the test kettle, a kettle support plate is provided on the outside of the kettle cover, thermal insulation cotton is provided below the kettle support plate, a kettle bottom plate is provided on the bottom of the thermal insulation cotton, a plugging cover is provided on the inner side of the kettle bottom plate, a kettle inner bottom plate is provided on the bottom of the test kettle, the pad is connected to the top surface of the kettle inner bottom plate, a heating electric furnace and a circular thermal insulation plate are sequentially provided between the kettle inner bottom plate and the plugging cover from top to bottom, a nano-ceramic heating ring is also provided between the test kettle and the thermal insulation cotton, the test kettle and the melting kettle adopt the same setting, and an oxygen sensor, a pH meter, a thermocouple, a liquid level gauge and an intake and exhaust pipe are provided on the kettle cover.

[0019] Furthermore, a lifting cavity is provided in the clamp, a lifting block is slidably connected to the lifting cavity, a notch matching the lifting block is provided at the top of the test sample, a small sample is inserted into the top of the lifting block, the bottom end of the lifting block is prism-shaped, two movable sliders are slidably connected in the lifting cavity, the two movable sliders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting cavity, a threaded connecting hole is provided in the movable slider, a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected in the lifting cavity, the threads on both sides of the bidirectional screw are connected to the threaded connecting holes of the movable slider, one end of the bidirectional screw passes through the lifting cavity and is arranged on the outside of the clamp, a pin hole is provided on the part of the bidirectional screw located on the outside of the clamp, an anti-rotation pin threadedly connected to the clamp is inserted in the pin hole.

[0020] Furthermore, a method for using a high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test device comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Lift the motor holder together with the kettle cover by the hoist. To prevent rotation during the impact test, first fix the fixture on the impact rod connector. Similarly, fix the test sample on the fixture and the grinding pair fixture with a cylindrical pin. Then fix the grinding pair fixture on the angular displacement table. The angular displacement table is fixed on the pad. Finally, fix the pad in the kettle body. Then control the lifting mechanism to lower the motor holder together with the kettle cover. Then connect the adapter plate, pressure sensor, sensor connector to the impact rod and electric cylinder. Finally, install the liquid level meter, thermocouple, oxygen sensor, and pH meter to detect the test situation. After installation, check whether the nuts between the components are stable and not loose.

[0022] Step 2: Tighten the nut of the angular translation table and rotate the turntable to make the two test samples form a certain angle (which can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions). Tighten the nut on the other side to clamp the angular translation table. The nut that fixes the turntable can be tightened and fixed in the kettle body to press the turntable to prevent the angular translation table from loosening during the impact test.

[0023] Step 3: Use the lifting mechanism to lift the cover of the melting kettle, put the metal ingot into the melting kettle, and then install the liquid level meter, thermocouple, oxygen sensor, and pH meter. When placing the metal ingot, determine the size and position of the metal ingot to ensure that it does not collide with the parts on the kettle cover. Fill the kettle with Ar gas through the air inlet pipe to ensure that the metal is heated to a molten state under the protection of Ar gas. After the temperature in the kettle reaches the melting point of the metal, start oxygen control. Reduce the dissolved oxygen content in the liquid metal through Ar+H2, and increase the dissolved oxygen content through Ar+O2. The corresponding dissolved oxygen content can be achieved according to the test requirements. The dissolved oxygen content is determined by the oxygen sensor, and the nano-ceramic heating coil and the heating furnace are started to heat the metal ingot into a liquid state. During this period, the actual situation in the molten kettle can be monitored by the liquid level meter and the thermocouple. After the metal heating is completed, the valve is opened to transfer the liquid metal to the test kettle, and the nano-ceramic heating coil of the test kettle is started to maintain a constant temperature. The liquid level position of the liquid metal in the test kettle is detected by the liquid level meter, and the valve is closed when it reaches the required position. At this point, the high-temperature metal solution environment is completed.

[0024] Step 4: Set the size of the impact force and the number of impacts, start the cylinder-type electric cylinder, and the cylinder-type electric cylinder drives the impact rod to reciprocate up and down to perform impact motion to complete the impact wear of the two test samples. During the test, the size of the impact force can be observed by the pressure sensor for adjustment, the grating can monitor the impact displacement in real time, and the pH meter monitors the pH value in the liquid medium environment. The storage tank can store the corresponding acidic and alkaline media required according to different metal medium environments, so as to adjust the pH in real time. The pressure sensor, grating (displacement sensor), thermocouple, oxygen sensor, liquid level meter, and pH meter run at the same time and can save real-time data during the test.

[0025] Step 5: After the test is completed, open the valve to discharge the liquid metal.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention can realize a high-temperature liquid metal environment, which can reach up to 650°C, which is higher than the maximum temperature of most current high-temperature impact wear devices, and can complete oxygen control, and can explore the effect of dissolved oxygen content in liquid metal on abrasion. Impact abrasion tests in this environment can reveal the abrasion mechanism of materials in a high-temperature liquid metal environment.

[0028] 2. The impact angle between the sample and the grinding pair of the present invention can be adjusted not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. After the two are coupled, the angle adjustment in three-dimensional space can be realized, which can better simulate the impact wear process of the cladding tube and the steel convex grid in the actual service environment, and the adjustment method is simple and reliable.

[0029] 3. The present invention can realize real-time monitoring and regulation of pH in liquid media.

[0030] 4. The present invention can realize not only a liquid metal environment, but also a liquid water environment, such as a boron-lithium water environment.

[0031] 5. The present invention has high automation, good overall stability, rich parameter indicators and high precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device and method for simulating impact abrasion test in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the test kettle structure of a test equipment and method for simulating high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a melting kettle for simulating high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric cylinder assembly for simulating a high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an impact driving device for simulating a high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elevator for simulating the impact and abrasion test equipment and method in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the pipeline and valve structure of a device and method for simulating impact and abrasion testing in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a storage tank for a device and method for simulating impact and abrasion testing in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a test kettle for simulating high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method;

[0041] Fig.10 It is an exploded diagram of the structure of an angular displacement stage for simulating a high-temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test equipment and method;

[0042] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the pad and turntable structure of a device and method for simulating impact abrasion test in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0043] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a jacking structure of a device and method for simulating impact abrasion test in a high-temperature liquid metal environment;

[0044] Fig.13 The schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an impact abrasion test device and method simulating a high-temperature liquid metal environment.

[0045] In the figure:

[0046] 1. Test bench frame;

[0047] 2. Test kettle; 201. Kettle cover; 202. Kettle bottom plate; 203. Kettle support plate; 204. Kettle bottom plate; 205. Cover; 206. Heating furnace; 207. Nano ceramic heating coil; 208. Insulation cotton; 209. Round insulation board;

[0048] 3. Melting kettle;

[0049] 4. Electric cylinder assembly; 401. Motor fixing seat; 402. Connecting frame; 403. Pull cylinder type electric cylinder;

[0050] 5. Impact driving device; 501. Impact rod; 502. Pressure sensor; 503. Impact rod connecting piece; 504. Adapter plate; 505. Sensor connecting piece;

[0051] 6. Grating;

[0052] 7. Hoist; 701. Hook; 702. Lifting ring;

[0053] 8. Pipes and valves; 801. Pipes; 802. Valves;

[0054] 9. Storage tank; 901. Infusion tube; 902. Electric butterfly valve; 903. Infusion connecting tube;

[0055] 10. Oxygen sensor;

[0056] 11. pH meter;

[0057] 12. Thermocouple;

[0058] 13. Liquid level gauge;

[0059] 14. Intake and exhaust pipes;

[0060] 15. Angular displacement table; 1501. Pad; 1502. Turntable; 1503. Fixture; 1504. Grinding pair fixture; 1505. Test sample; 1506. Cylindrical pin;

[0061] 16. Lifting block; 1601. Lifting cavity; 1602. Sample; 1603. Moving slider; 1604. Bidirectional screw; 1605. Anti-rotation latch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] See also Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: including a main structure, the main structure includes a test bench frame 1, a test kettle 2 is arranged on the test bench frame 1, and an impact driving device 5 is arranged above the test kettle 2. The main structure also includes a melting kettle 3, an electric cylinder assembly 4, a grating 6, a hoist 7, a pipeline and a valve 8, and a storage tank 9. The test kettle 2 and the melting kettle 3 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test bench frame 1, the electric cylinder assembly 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle 2, and the electric cylinder assembly 4 is provided with a grating 6. The impact driving device 5 is installed in the electric cylinder assembly 4, the hoist 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame 1, the pipeline and the valve 8 are arranged below the test bench frame 1, and a storage tank 9 is arranged on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame 1. The test kettle 2 is provided with an impact test bench, and the impact test The test platform includes an angular displacement platform 15, a pad 1501 is connected to the bottom of the angular displacement platform 15 by screws, the pad 1501 is also connected to the inside of the test kettle 2 by screws, the left and right adjustable angle of the angular displacement platform 15 is ten degrees, a clamp 1503 is arranged on the top surface of the angular displacement platform 15, a grinding pair clamp 1504 is arranged above the clamp 1503, a cylindrical pin 1506 is arranged on the clamp 1503, a test sample 1505 is arranged in the cylindrical pin 1506, the grinding pair clamp 1504 is provided with the same test sample 1505 and the opposite cylindrical pin 1506, the grinding pair clamp 1504 is connected to the impact drive device 5, a turntable 1502 is also arranged between the pad 1501 and the angular displacement platform 15, and the angular displacement platform 15 is connected to the turntable 1502 by bolts.

[0064] The test specimen is fixed to the V-shaped friction pair mounting plate by means of cylindrical pins, and the friction pair mounting plate is fixed to the angular displacement table 15 by means of bolts to ensure that it will not move during the impact abrasion process.

[0065] The impact test bench is located in the kettle body, the angular displacement table 15 is fixed to the pad 1501 by screws, and the pad 1501 is fixed to the turntable by screws; the turntable 1502 is fixed to the kettle body by screws to ensure that there is no shaking during the impact process. The angular displacement table 15 can realize the angle change of the sample in the vertical direction.

[0066] The angular displacement table 15 can change the angle of the grinding pair by rotating the nut on the side. After the grinding pair specimen is adjusted to the target angle, the nut on the other side is tightened so that the screw no longer rotates, thereby ensuring that the grinding pair specimen does not rotate during the impact test.

[0067] The turntable 1502 can realize the change of the angle of the sample in the horizontal direction. The turntable 1502 has two groove arcs, which can realize 360° rotation of the turntable 1502. After the turntable 1502 rotates to the specified angle, the nut is pressed and fixed in the kettle body through the groove arc to ensure that there is no shaking during the impact process.

[0068] The turntable 1502 is combined with the angular displacement stage 15, so that the test sample 1505 can change its angle in three-dimensional space, thereby completing impact tests at different angles.

[0069] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 Further, the electric cylinder assembly 4 includes a motor fixing seat 401, both ends of the bottom surface of the motor fixing seat 401 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle 2, the grating 6 is fixedly connected to the lower ends on both sides inside the motor fixing seat 401, and a connecting frame 402 is arranged on one side of the bottom surface of the electric cylinder assembly 4, a cylinder-pulling type electric cylinder 403 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 402, and an impact driving device 5 is arranged on the output shaft of the cylinder-pulling type electric cylinder 403, and the impact driving device 5 includes an impact rod 501, one end of the impact rod 501 is provided with an impact rod connecting piece 503, the impact rod connecting piece 503 is fixedly connected to the grinding pair clamp 1504, and the other end of the impact rod 501 is provided with an adapter plate 504, a pressure sensor 502 is arranged on the adapter plate 504, and a sensor connecting piece 505 is arranged on the pressure sensor 502, and the sensor connecting piece 505 is connected to the cylinder-pulling type electric cylinder 403.

[0070] The motor fixing seat 401 is fixed to the kettle cover plate by screws, the pulling cylinder type electric cylinder 403 is fixed to the motor fixing seat 401 by the connecting frame 402, the main shaft of the pulling cylinder type electric cylinder 403 is connected to the electric cylinder connecting rod by a thread, the shaft connecting rod of the pulling cylinder type electric cylinder 403 is connected to the sensor connecting piece 505 by bolts, the sensor connecting piece 505 is further connected to the pressure sensor 502 by bolts, and then connected to the adapter plate 504 by bolts, the adapter plate 504 is thereby connected to the impact rod 501, and finally connected to the friction pair mounting plate through the impact rod connecting piece 503, the grating 6 is fixed on the motor fixing seat 401 for detecting impact displacement.

[0071] In the impact test, the impact force is output by the pull-cylinder type electric cylinder 403. To ensure the consistency and continuity of the impact force, a pressure sensor 502 is added between the high-precision push cylinder and the impact rod 501 to detect and feedback the impact force so as to make timely adjustments to the implemented impact force.

[0072] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 Furthermore, the lifting machine 7 includes a hook 701, the bottom end of the hook 701 is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame 1, an extension plate is provided at the top of the hook 701, and the other side of the extension plate is provided with a hook 701, and the top of the melting kettle 3 and the top of the electric cylinder assembly 4 are both provided with a lifting ring 702, and the lifting ring 702 is adapted to the hook 701.

[0073] Lifting rings 702 are installed above the motor fixing seat 401 and the melting kettle 3. The lifting mechanism 7 can lift the kettle cover through the hook 701. After opening the kettle cover, the angle of the angular displacement table 15 can be adjusted in the kettle body, the grinding pair can be replaced, etc.

[0074] Further, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The pipeline and valve 8 include a pipeline 801. The pipeline 801 has two branches, which are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the test kettle 2 and the melting kettle 3. A valve 802 is arranged on the pipeline 801. There are two valves 802, which are respectively located in the middle and one side of the two branches. A high platform is arranged on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame 1. The storage tank 9 is installed on the top surface of the high platform. An infusion pipe 901 is arranged below the storage tank 9. An infusion connecting pipe 903 is arranged on the top surface of the test kettle 2. The infusion pipe 901 is connected to the infusion connecting pipe 903. An electric butterfly valve 902 is arranged between the infusion pipe 901 and the infusion connecting pipe 903.

[0075] Pipeline 801 and valve 802 are fixed to the bottom of test bench frame 1 by welding, and are used to transfer and discharge molten liquid metal solution. Pipeline 801 is made of 310S austenitic stainless steel, which can withstand high temperature. Pipeline 801 and the holes of the kettle body are sealed by metal sealing rings. There is aerogel insulation felt outside pipe 801 to prevent liquid metal from solidifying in pipe 801 during transfer or discharge.

[0076] Further, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9The top of the test kettle 2 is provided with a kettle cover plate 201, the outer side of the kettle cover plate 201 is provided with a kettle support plate 203, the lower side of the kettle support plate 203 is provided with a heat preservation cotton 208, the bottom surface of the heat preservation cotton 208 is provided with a kettle bottom plate 204, the inner side of the kettle bottom plate 204 is provided with a plugging cover 205, the bottom surface of the test kettle 2 is provided with a kettle inner bottom plate 202, the pad 1501 is connected to the top surface of the kettle inner bottom plate 202, and the kettle inner bottom plate 202 and the plugging cover 205 are connected from A heating electric furnace 206 and a circular insulation plate 209 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. A nano-ceramic heating ring 207 is also arranged between the test kettle 2 and the insulation cotton 208. The test kettle 2 and the melting kettle 3 adopt the same configuration. An oxygen sensor 10, a pH meter 11, a thermocouple 12, and a liquid level meter 13 for detecting the depth, temperature, oxygen content and pH value of the molten metal in the kettle body are arranged on the kettle cover plate 201. An air intake and exhaust pipe 14 is also arranged on the kettle cover plate 201.

[0077] The melting kettle 3 is heated by a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire, and the maximum temperature can reach 650°C, which can reach the melting point of various metals.

[0078] The storage tank 9 is divided into two areas, which can store acidic medium and alkaline medium respectively. The lower opening is connected to the infusion tube 901, and the infusion tube 901 is connected to the test kettle 2. The pH of the liquid medium is monitored in real time by the pH meter 11, and the corresponding acid / alkaline medium can be input according to the situation to adjust the pH.

[0079] For example, in a boron-lithium water environment, the best test pH value is generally between 6.9 and 7.4. If it is in an acidic environment, it will have an adverse effect on components (such as cladding tubes).

[0080] Boric acid is a weak acid and lithium hydroxide is an alkalizing agent. The two can be placed in storage tanks respectively. The pH value during the test can be monitored in real time by a pH meter 11. The pH value can be regulated by boric acid and lithium hydroxide to ensure that the test is always carried out in a good ideal environment.

[0081] Two holes are provided above the kettle cover plate 201 for installing a thermocouple 12 and a liquid level meter 13 respectively, so as to detect the depth and temperature of the molten metal in the kettle body.

[0082] The nano ceramic heating ring 207 is about 2 / 3 of the height of the test kettle 2. It uses high resistance heating wire to generate heat energy and adopts nano alloy wire as heat element conduction, which greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency between the heating element and the kettle body and has higher electric heat conversion efficiency.

[0083] The material of thermal insulation cotton 208 is aerogel felt. This experimental machine uses a single layer of aerogel thermal insulation felt with a thickness of 10mm, which has excellent thermal insulation effect. The thermal insulation effect is 2-5 times that of the test kettle made of traditional thermal insulation materials, and it has a longer service life.

[0084] In addition, reference Fig.12 and Fig.13 A lifting cavity 1601 is provided in the fixture 1503, a lifting block 16 is slidably connected in the lifting cavity 1601, a notch adapted to the lifting block 16 is provided at the top of the test sample 1505, a small sample 1602 is inserted at the top of the lifting block 16, the bottom end of the lifting block 16 is prism-shaped, two moving sliders 1603 are slidably connected in the lifting cavity 1601, and the two moving sliders 1603 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting cavity 1601. A threaded connection hole is provided, and a bidirectional screw 1604 is rotatably connected in the lifting cavity 1601. The threads on both sides of the bidirectional screw 1604 are connected to the threaded connection holes of the movable slider 1603. One end of the bidirectional screw 1604 passes through the lifting cavity 1601 and is arranged on the outside of the clamp 1503. A pin hole is provided on the part of the bidirectional screw 1604 located on the outside of the clamp 1503, and an anti-rotation pin 1605 threadedly connected to the clamp 1503 is inserted in the pin hole.

[0085] By adopting the above design, when conducting a hedge test, it is possible to selectively lower the small sample 1602 to conduct a notched hedge test, or raise the small sample 1602 to be flush with the test sample 1505 to conduct a normal test, or raise the small sample 1602 to conduct a small-scale hedge test.

[0086] By designing the lifting mechanism of the lifting block 16 and the small sample 1602, the test state of the test sample 1505 can be flexibly adjusted. This design allows different types of hedge tests to be performed in a single test device according to different test requirements, such as notched hedge tests, normal hedge tests, and small-scale symmetrical tests. Traditional test devices may only be able to perform a single type of hedge test, and this design can achieve the switching of multiple hedge tests through simple operations (adjusting the height of the lifting block 16), greatly improving the diversity and flexibility of the test.

[0087] Moreover, the entire lifting mechanism is designed inside the fixture 1503, with a compact structure that does not occupy too much test space. At the same time, through the design of the bidirectional screw 1604 and the anti-rotation pin 1605, adjusting the height of the lifting block 16 becomes simple and quick, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0088] Moreover, the design has a certain degree of scalability, and the lifting block 16, the sample 1602 and other components can be improved or replaced according to actual needs to adapt to test samples 1505 of different specifications and shapes, further broadening the application scope of the test device.

[0089] Working principle:

[0090] When in use, the motor fixing seat 401 is lifted together with the kettle cover 201 by the lifting machine 7. To prevent rotation during the impact test, the clamp 1503 is first fixed on the impact rod connecting piece 503. Similarly, the test sample 1505 is fixed to the clamp 1503 and the grinding pair clamp 1504 by using the cylindrical pin 1506. The grinding pair clamp 1504 is then fixed on the angular displacement table 15. The angular displacement table 15 is fixed on the pad 1501. Finally, the pad 1501 is fixed in the kettle body. The lifting machine 7 is then controlled to lower the motor fixing seat 401 together with the kettle cover 201. The adapter plate 504, the pressure sensor 502, and the sensor connecting piece 505 are then connected to the impact rod 501 and the electric cylinder. Finally, the liquid level meter 13, the thermocouple 12, the oxygen sensor 10, and the pH meter 11 are installed to detect the test situation. After the installation is completed, check whether the nuts between the various components are stable and not loose.

[0091] Tighten the nut of the angular displacement table 15 and rotate the turntable 1502 to make a certain angle for the two test samples 1505 (which can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions), tighten the nut on the other side to clamp the angular displacement table 15, and the nut fixing the turntable 1502 can be tightened and fixed in the kettle body to press the turntable 1502 to prevent the angular displacement table 15 from loosening during the impact test.

[0092] Lift the cover of the melting kettle 3 by using the lifting machine 7, put the metal ingot into the melting kettle 3, and then install the liquid level meter 13, thermocouple 12, oxygen sensor 10, and pH meter 11. When placing the metal ingot, determine the size and position of the metal ingot to ensure that it does not collide with the parts on the kettle cover. Fill the kettle with Ar gas through the air inlet pipe to ensure that the metal is heated to a molten state under the protection of Ar gas. After the temperature in the kettle reaches the melting point of the metal, start oxygen control. Reduce the dissolved oxygen content in the liquid metal by Ar+H2, and increase the dissolved oxygen content by Ar+O2. The corresponding dissolved oxygen content can be reached according to the test requirements. Complete oxygen control; the dissolved oxygen content can be monitored in real time through the oxygen sensor 10, the nano-ceramic heating coil 207 and the heating furnace 206 are started, and the metal ingot is heated to a liquid state. During this period, the actual situation in the molten kettle 3 can be monitored by the liquid level meter 13 and the thermocouple 12. After the metal heating is completed, the valve 802 is opened to transfer the liquid metal to the test kettle 2, and the nano-ceramic heating coil 207 of the test kettle 2 is started to maintain a constant temperature. The liquid level position of the liquid metal in the test kettle 2 is detected by the liquid level meter 13, and the valve 802 is closed when it reaches the required position. At this point, the high-temperature metal solution environment is completed.

[0093] The magnitude of the impact force and the number of impacts are set, and the cylinder-pulling electric cylinder 403 is started. The cylinder-pulling electric cylinder 403 drives the impact rod 501 to reciprocate up and down to perform impact motion, and the impact wear of the two test samples 1505 is completed. During the test, the magnitude of the impact force can be observed by the pressure sensor 502 for adjustment, the grating 6 can monitor the impact displacement in real time, the pH meter 11 monitors the pH value in the liquid medium environment, and the storage tank 9 can store the corresponding acidic and alkaline media required according to different metal medium environments, so as to adjust the pH in real time. The pressure sensor 502, the grating 6 (displacement sensor), the thermocouple 12, the oxygen sensor 10, the liquid level meter 13, and the pH meter are operated simultaneously, and the real-time data during the test can be saved.

[0094] After the test is completed, valve 802 is opened to discharge the liquid metal.

Claims

1. A device for testing impact and abrasion in a simulated high-temperature liquid metal environment, comprising a main structure, wherein the main structure comprises a test bench frame (1), a test kettle (2) is arranged on the test bench frame (1), and an impact driving device (5) is arranged above the test kettle (2), characterized in that: The test kettle (2) is provided with an impact test bench, the impact test bench comprising an angular displacement table (15), a pad (1501) is connected to the bottom of the angular displacement table (15) by screws, the pad (1501) is also connected to the inside of the test kettle (2) by screws, the angular displacement table (15) has an adjustable angle of ten degrees to the left and right, a fixture (1503) is provided on the top surface of the angular displacement table (15), a grinding pair fixture (1504) is provided above the fixture (1503), a cylindrical pin (1506) is provided on the fixture (1503), a test sample (1505) is provided in the cylindrical pin (1506), the grinding pair fixture (1504) is provided with the same test sample (1505) and an opposite cylindrical pin (1506), and the grinding pair fixture (1504) is connected to the impact driving device (5).

2. The impact abrasion test equipment for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure further comprises a melting kettle (3), an electric cylinder assembly (4), a grating (6), a hoist (7), a pipeline and a valve (8), and a storage tank (9); the test kettle (2) and the melting kettle (3) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test bench frame (1); the electric cylinder assembly (4) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle (2); the electric cylinder assembly (4) is provided with a grating (6); the impact drive device (5) is installed in the electric cylinder assembly (4); the hoist (7) is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame (1); the pipeline and the valve (8) are arranged below the test bench frame (1); and the storage tank (9) is arranged on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame (1).

3. The impact abrasion test equipment for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The electric cylinder assembly (4) comprises a motor fixing seat (401), the two ends of the bottom surface of the motor fixing seat (401) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the test kettle (2), the grating (6) is fixedly connected to the lower ends of both sides inside the motor fixing seat (401), a connecting frame (402) is provided on one side of the bottom surface of the electric cylinder assembly (4), a cylinder-pulling electric cylinder (403) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (402), and an impact driving device (5) is provided on the output shaft of the cylinder-pulling electric cylinder (403).

4. The impact abrasion test equipment for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The impact drive device (5) comprises an impact rod (501), one end of the impact rod (501) is provided with an impact rod connecting piece (503), the impact rod connecting piece (503) is fixedly connected to the grinding pair clamp (1504), the other end of the impact rod (501) is provided with an adapter plate (504), the adapter plate (504) is provided with a pressure sensor (502), the pressure sensor (502) is provided with a sensor connecting piece (505), and the sensor connecting piece (505) is connected to the pull cylinder type electric cylinder (403).

5. The impact abrasion test equipment for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting machine (7) comprises a hook (701), the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to one side of the top surface of the test bench frame (1), the top end of the hook (701) is provided with an extension plate, the other side of the extension plate is provided with a hook (701), the top end of the melting kettle (3) and the top end of the electric cylinder assembly (4) are both provided with lifting rings (702), and the lifting rings (702) are adapted to the hook (701).

6. The device for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pipeline and valve (8) comprises a pipeline (801), wherein the pipeline (801) has two branches, wherein the branches are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the test kettle (2) and the melting kettle (3), and the pipeline (801) is provided with a valve (802), wherein the valve (802) has two valves, which are respectively located in the middle and one side of the two branches.

7. The device for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment impact abrasion test according to claim 6, characterized in that: A high platform is arranged on the other side of the top surface of the test bench frame (1), the storage tank (9) is installed on the top surface of the high platform, a liquid infusion pipe (901) is arranged below the storage tank (9), a liquid infusion connecting pipe (903) is arranged on the top surface of the test kettle (2), the liquid infusion pipe (901) is connected to the liquid infusion connecting pipe (903), and an electric butterfly valve (902) is arranged between the liquid infusion pipe (901) and the liquid infusion connecting pipe (903).

8. The device for testing impact and abrasion in a simulated high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the test kettle (2) is provided with a kettle cover plate (201), the outer side of the kettle cover plate (201) is provided with a kettle support plate (203), the lower side of the kettle support plate (203) is provided with a heat preservation cotton (208), the bottom surface of the heat preservation cotton (208) is provided with a kettle bottom plate (204), the inner side of the kettle bottom plate (204) is provided with a blocking cover (205), the bottom surface of the test kettle (2) is provided with a kettle inner bottom plate (202), the pad (1501) is connected to the inner bottom plate (202) of the kettle. On the top surface, a heating electric furnace (206) and a circular insulation plate (209) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom between the bottom plate (202) and the plugging cover (205) of the kettle, and a nano-ceramic heating ring (207) is also arranged between the test kettle (2) and the insulation cotton (208). The test kettle (2) and the melting kettle (3) adopt the same arrangement, and an oxygen sensor (10), a pH meter (11), a thermocouple (12), a liquid level meter (13) and an air intake and exhaust pipe (14) are arranged on the kettle cover (201).

9. The device for testing impact and abrasion in a simulated high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The clamp (1503) is provided with a lifting cavity (1601), a lifting block (16) is slidably connected to the lifting cavity (1601), a notch adapted to the lifting block (16) is provided at the top of the test sample (1505), a small sample (1602) is inserted at the top of the lifting block (16), the bottom end of the lifting block (16) is prism-shaped, two movable sliders (1603) are slidably connected to the lifting cavity (1601), the two movable sliders (1603) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting cavity (1601), and the movable sliders (1603) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting cavity (1601). A threaded connection hole is provided in the clamp (1503), a bidirectional screw (1604) is rotatably connected in the lifting cavity (1601), the threads on both sides of the bidirectional screw (1604) are connected to the threaded connection hole of the movable slider (1603), one end of the bidirectional screw (1604) passes through the lifting cavity (1601) and is arranged on the outside of the clamp (1503), and a pin hole is provided on the part of the bidirectional screw (1604) located on the outside of the clamp (1503), and an anti-rotation pin (1605) threadedly connected to the clamp (1503) is inserted in the pin hole.

10. A method for using the impact abrasion test equipment for simulating high temperature liquid metal environment as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The motor fixing seat (401) is lifted together with the kettle cover (201) by a lifting machine (7). To prevent rotation during the impact test, the fixture (1503) is first fixed to the impact rod connecting piece (503). Similarly, the test sample (1505) is fixed to the fixture (1503) and the grinding pair fixture (1504) by a cylindrical pin (1506). The grinding pair fixture (1504) is then fixed to the angular displacement table (15). The angular displacement table (15) is fixed to the pad (150 1), and finally fix the pad (1501) in the kettle body, then control the lifting machine (7) to lower the motor fixing seat (401) together with the kettle cover (201), and then connect the adapter plate (504), the pressure sensor (502), the sensor connecting piece (505) with the impact rod (501) and the electric cylinder, and finally install the liquid level meter (13), the thermocouple (12), the oxygen sensor (10), and the pH meter (11) to detect the test situation. After the installation is completed, check whether the nuts between the various components are stable and not loose. Step 2: Tighten the nut of the angular displacement table (15) and rotate the turntable (1502) to form a certain angle with the two test samples (1505) (which can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions), tighten the nut on the other side to clamp the angular displacement table (15), and the nut fixing the turntable (1502) can be tightened and fixed in the kettle body to press the turntable (1502) to prevent the angular displacement table (15) from loosening during the impact test. Step 3: Use the lifting mechanism (7) to lift the cover of the melting kettle (3), place the metal ingot into the melting kettle (3), and then install the liquid level meter (13), thermocouple (12), oxygen sensor (10), and pH meter (11). When placing the metal ingot, determine the size and position of the metal ingot to ensure that it does not collide with the parts on the kettle cover. Fill the kettle with Ar gas through the air inlet pipe to ensure that the metal is heated to a molten state under the protection of Ar gas. After the temperature in the kettle reaches the melting point of the metal, start oxygen control. Reduce the dissolved oxygen content in the liquid metal by Ar+H2, and increase the dissolved oxygen content by Ar+O2. The corresponding dissolved oxygen content can be reached according to the test requirements, and complete the control in the liquid metal. Oxygen; the dissolved oxygen content can be monitored in real time by the oxygen sensor (10), and the nano-ceramic heating coil (207) and the heating furnace (206) are started to heat the metal ingot into a liquid state. During this period, the actual situation in the molten kettle (3) can be monitored by the liquid level meter (13) and the thermocouple (12). After the metal is heated, the valve (802) is opened to transfer the liquid metal to the test kettle (2), and the nano-ceramic heating coil (207) of the test kettle (2) is started to maintain a constant temperature. The liquid level position of the liquid metal in the test kettle (2) is detected by the liquid level meter (13). When the required position is reached, the valve (802) is closed. At this point, the high-temperature metal solution environment is built. Step 4: Set the magnitude of the impact force and the number of impacts, start the cylinder-pulling electric cylinder, and drive the impact rod (501) to reciprocate up and down to perform impact motion, thereby completing the impact wear of the two test samples (1505). During the test, the magnitude of the impact force can be observed by the pressure sensor (502) for adjustment, the grating (6) can monitor the impact displacement in real time, the pH meter (11) monitors the pH value in the liquid medium environment, and the storage tank can store the corresponding acidic and alkaline media required according to different metal medium environments so as to adjust the pH in real time. The pressure sensor (502), the grating (6) (displacement sensor), the thermocouple (12), the oxygen sensor (10), the liquid level meter (13), and the pH meter (11) are operated simultaneously to save real-time data during the test. Step 5: After the test is completed, open the valve (802) to discharge the liquid metal.

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