Integrated reactor device and nuclear reactor power generation device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention proposes an integrated reactor device and a power generation device for a nuclear reactor. The integrated reactor device includes a core container, a fuel element, a heat pipe, and a thermoelectric conversion system. The core container is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel element and the heat pipe are arranged in the core container and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe has a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe has a phase change medium, the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium, and the fuel element is arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe; the thermoelectric conversion system includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container, and the heat exchanger is arranged near the cold end of the heat pipe so that the heat exchanger performs multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe. Therefore, the integrated reactor device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power generation, and in particular to an integrated reactor device and a nuclear reactor power generation device having the reactor device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new technologies, liquid metal reactors are often used in industries such as nuclear power, energy, electricity, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and petroleum. Liquid metal reactors refer to reactors that use liquid metal as a coolant, mainly including sodium-cooled fast reactors, lead-bismuth fast reactors, lead-cooled reactors, and sodium-potassium reactors. The reactor device is provided with an integrated coolant system medium for carrying heat. The thermoelectric conversion system medium in the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the medium in the integrated coolant system. The steam-to-electric conversion device is used to convert the latent heat of the thermoelectric conversion system medium into electrical energy. The heat exchanger, as the coolant in the metal stack, is set in the core container and the hub of the thermoelectric conversion system to transfer heat, and is a key device in the reactor. In related technologies, one end of the heat pipe is set in the core container, and the other end extends out of the core container to connect to the steam generator. However, the heat pipe has the problem of passing the single heat pipe through the container, which is not only complicated to install and operate, but also may cause leakage. In addition, the heat exchange between the heat pipe and the steam generator also has the problem of poor mass transfer effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated reactor device. This integrated reactor device has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness, good sealing, and high inherent safety.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a power generation device for a nuclear reactor.

[0005] The integrated reactor device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a core container, fuel elements, heat pipes, and a thermoelectric conversion system.

[0006] The core container is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel elements and heat pipes are arranged in the core container and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe has a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe has a phase change medium, the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium, and the fuel elements are arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe; the thermoelectric conversion system (secondary circuit) includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container, and the heat exchanger is arranged near the cold end of the heat pipe so that the heat exchanger can perform multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe.

[0007] The integrated reactor device of an embodiment of the present invention immerses the heat pipe in the liquid heat-conducting medium, thereby forming a solid-liquid heat conduction between the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium. The heat released by the fuel element is transferred to the liquid heat-conducting medium, and then transferred to the heat pipe through the liquid heat-conducting medium, forming a single heat exchange with high heat uniformity. At the same time, the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system is integrated into the core container, so that the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system directly participates in the double heat exchange with the liquid heat-conducting medium; and the heat exchanger can also exchange heat with the cold end of the heat pipe to form a triple heat exchange. The heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system simultaneously conducts heat with the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium, thereby improving the efficiency of heat conduction. Moreover, the direct contact between the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium enables the heat pipe to respond quickly to temperature changes, further improving the efficiency of heat conduction. This helps to improve the volume power ratio and heat transfer power generation efficiency.

[0008] In addition, by exchanging heat with the fuel element and heat exchanger at the hot and cold ends of the heat pipes, respectively, the liquid heat transfer medium will form a certain natural circulation due to gravity and the density difference caused by the temperature difference (it can be understood that this liquid metal is flowing), which drives the circulation of the liquid heat transfer medium within the core container and enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system within the core container. This not only further improves the efficiency of heat conduction, but also eliminates the need for an additional electric pump in the integrated coolant system, which has the advantage of high safety in use.

[0009] In addition, integrating the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system into the core container not only ensures the efficiency of heat conduction, but also helps to reduce the volume of the heat exchanger to a certain extent, which helps to simplify the reactor plan.

[0010] At the same time, the fuel elements, heat pipes, and thermoelectric conversion systems are all set in a liquid heat-conducting medium, and all of them are heat conduction between liquid and solid. It also avoids the problem of air gaps that are very easy to produce in solid-core heat pipe stacks (if the solid fuel and the heat pipe are in direct contact, it is solid-solid contact, and there must be air gaps. The air in the air gaps will inevitably lead to a decrease in the overall heat transfer performance) affecting the heat conduction. The heat transfer coefficient between liquid and solid is about ten W / mK, which is more than ten or even hundreds of times that of air (air gap). The whole of this integrated reactor device avoids the generation of air gaps because of the liquid-solid heat conduction. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system is further improved.

[0011] Moreover, the heat exchanger arranged in the core container exchanges heat with the heat pipe. From a structural point of view, this also solves the risk of leakage of the integrated coolant system caused by directly passing the heat pipe out for heat exchange, which requires the entire heat pipe to pass through the core container. Because the heat exchanger can be passed out of the core container only in the extension direction of the heat exchanger, the passing area is small, so it is relatively easy to seal, which effectively prevents leakage of the liquid heat transfer medium.

[0012] Therefore, the integrated reactor device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are multiple fuel elements, and the heat pipes include multiple single tubes spaced apart from each other. The single tubes are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the core container, and multiple single tubes are distributed outside each fuel element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device further includes a spacer, which includes an upper baffle, a cylinder and a lower baffle, the upper baffle and the lower baffle respectively covering the two sides of the cylinder along its axial direction, at least one of the upper baffle and the lower baffle is provided with a limiting groove, the end of the fuel element is installed in the limiting groove, the hot end of the heat pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the heat pipe passes through the cylinder and out of the cylinder.

[0015] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device further includes a reflective layer, which is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder. A plurality of reactivity control devices are provided in the reflective layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged outside the cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heat pipe is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, a sodium-potassium alloy, and metallic cesium.

[0017] In some embodiments, the liquid thermal conductive medium is one of metallic lead, lead-bismuth alloy, and lead-lithium alloy.

[0018] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device further includes a turbulent heat insulation component, and the heat pipe includes an evaporation section, an insulation section, and a condensation section arranged in sequence, the evaporation section forms the hot end of the heat pipe, the condensation section forms the cold end of the heat pipe, and the turbulent heat insulation component is arranged on or around the insulation section.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heat pipe is cylindrical, the fuel element is a fuel rod, the core container is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe is consistent with the setting direction of the core container, the diameter of the fuel rod is 7cm-27cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8m-2.4m; the diameter of the heat pipe is 10cm-40cm; the height of the evaporation section is 0.8m-2.4m, the height of the heat pipe is 1m-4m, the ratio of the evaporation section to the heat pipe height is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section, the insulation section and the condensation section are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

[0020] In some embodiments, the spoiler insulation member is a plurality of stacked fins, and the plurality of fins are staggered and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a labyrinth flow channel; or, the fin is provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, and the plurality of flow channel holes are staggered and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a porous flow channel.

[0021] In some embodiments, the heat pipe includes a plurality of single tubes arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of spiral tubes or a printed circuit heat exchanger, and each of the single tubes is surrounded by a plurality of spiral tubes.

[0022] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor in an embodiment of the present invention includes a steam-to-electricity conversion device and an integrated reactor device according to any one of the above descriptions. The heat exchanger exchanges heat with the steam-to-electricity conversion device to convert the latent heat of the medium of the thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

[0023] In some embodiments, the steam-to-electricity conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator. The cold end of the heat exchanger is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the cooler inlet and the recompressor inlet, the cooler outlet is connected to the main compressor inlet, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a power generation device of a nuclear reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated reactor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Integrated reactor device 100;

[0028] Core container 1;

[0029] Fuel element 2;

[0030] Heat pipe 3; evaporation section 31; adiabatic section 32; condensation section 33;

[0031] Heat exchanger 4;

[0032] Baffle 5; upper baffle 51; cylinder 52; lower baffle 53;

[0033] Reactivity control device 6;

[0034] Flow-turbulating and heat-insulating member 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 2 An integrated reactor device 100 and a nuclear reactor power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0037] The integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a core container 1, fuel elements 2, heat pipes 3 and a thermoelectric conversion system.

[0038] The core container 1 is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium. The fuel element 2 and the heat pipe 3 are arranged in the core container 1 and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium. The heat pipe 3 has a hot end and a cold end. The heat pipe 3 contains a phase change medium. The boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium. The fuel element 2 is arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe 3. The thermoelectric conversion system includes a heat exchanger 4. The heat exchanger 4 is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container 1 and is arranged near the cold end of the heat pipe 3 so that the heat exchanger 4 can perform multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe 3.

[0039] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention immerses the heat pipe 3 in a liquid heat-conducting medium, creating solid-liquid heat conduction between the heat pipe 3 and the liquid heat-conducting medium. Heat released by the fuel element 2 is transferred to the liquid heat-conducting medium, and then transferred to the heat pipe 3 via the liquid heat-conducting medium, forming a single-stage heat exchange with high and uniform heat conduction. Simultaneously, the heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system is integrated into the core vessel 1, allowing it to directly participate in the secondary heat exchange with the liquid heat-conducting medium. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 4 can also exchange heat with the cold end of the heat pipe 3, forming a triple heat exchange. This simultaneous heat conduction between the heat pipe 3 and the liquid heat-conducting medium improves heat conduction efficiency. Furthermore, the direct contact between the heat pipe 3 and the liquid heat-conducting medium allows it to quickly respond to temperature changes, further enhancing heat conduction efficiency. This, in turn, helps improve the volume-to-power ratio and heat transfer power generation efficiency.

[0040] In addition, by exchanging heat between the hot and cold ends of the heat pipe 3 and the fuel element 2 and heat exchanger 4, respectively, the liquid heat transfer medium will form a certain natural circulation due to gravity and the density difference caused by the temperature difference (it can be understood that this liquid metal is flowing), which drives the circulation of the liquid heat transfer medium within the core container 1 and enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system within the core container 1. Not only does this further improve the efficiency of heat conduction, but it also eliminates the need for an additional electric pump in the integrated coolant system, which has the advantage of high safety.

[0041] In addition, integrating the heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system into the core container 1 not only ensures the efficiency of heat conduction, but also helps to reduce the volume of the heat exchanger 4 to a certain extent, which helps to simplify the reactor solution.

[0042] At the same time, the fuel elements 2, heat pipes 3 and thermoelectric conversion systems are all arranged in a liquid heat-conducting medium, and all of them are heat conduction between liquid and solid. It also avoids the problem of air gaps that are easily generated in the solid core heat pipe 3 stack (if the solid fuel and the heat pipe 3 are in direct contact, it is a solid-solid contact, and there must be air gaps. The air in the air gaps will inevitably lead to a decrease in the overall heat transfer performance) affecting the heat conduction. The heat transfer coefficient between liquid and solid is about ten W / mK, which is more than ten or even hundreds of times that of air (air gap). The integrated reactor device 100 avoids the generation of air gaps because all of them are liquid-solid heat conduction. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system is further improved.

[0043] Moreover, the heat exchanger 4 arranged in the core container 1 exchanges heat with the heat pipe 3. Structurally, this also solves the risk of leakage of the integrated coolant system caused by directly passing the heat pipe 3 through the core container 1 for heat exchange, because the heat exchanger 4 can be passed through the core container 1 only in the extension direction of the heat exchanger 4, and the passing area is small, so it is relatively easy to seal, which effectively prevents leakage of the liquid heat transfer medium.

[0044] Therefore, the integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple fuel elements 2, and multiple heat pipes 3 are evenly distributed outside each fuel element 2.

[0046] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of fuel elements 2. The increase in the number of fuel elements 2 means that there is more margin to absorb neutrons, which helps to prevent overheating or other accidents, and can extend the operating time of the reactor before refueling is required, thereby generating a higher thermal power output.

[0047] Furthermore, multiple heat pipes 3 are evenly distributed around each fuel element 2, enhancing heat exchange between the heat pipes 3 and the fuel element 2. The heat pipes 3 evenly distribute the temperature across the fuel rod surface, preventing local overheating. This prevents damage to the fuel element 2 and extends the fuel rod's service life.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a baffle 5, which includes an upper baffle 51, a cylinder 52 and a lower baffle 53. The upper baffle 51 and the lower baffle 53 are respectively sealed on both sides of the cylinder 52 along its axial direction. At least one of the upper baffle 51 and the lower baffle 53 is provided with a limiting groove, and the end of the fuel element 2 is installed in the limiting groove. The hot end of the heat pipe 3 is arranged in the cylinder 52, and the heat pipe 3 passes through the cylinder 52 and extends outside the cylinder 52.

[0049] In the integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the end of the fuel element 2 is installed in the limiting groove by the provided spacer 5, which can improve the stability of the fuel element 2 in the core container 1. Therefore, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantage of good reliability in use.

[0050] Optionally, the heat pipe 3 can be made of the same material as the barrier 5, thereby improving the connection strength between the heat pipe 3 and the barrier 5 (e.g., welding or integral molding). Thus, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantages of high processing convenience and good structural reliability.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a reflective layer, which is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 52. A plurality of reactivity control devices 6 are provided in the reflective layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices 6 are arranged outside the cylinder 52 at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder 52.

[0052] The integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be provided with a control drum to control the reactivity of the reactor, and may not require a control rod drive mechanism.

[0053] Alternatively, the reactivity control device may be a core control drum 6 .

[0054] Optionally, the reflective layer material may be made of metallic beryllium, the periphery of the reflective layer may be made of boron-containing water for neutron shielding, and the periphery may be made of a lead layer for shielding gamma rays, thereby improving the safety performance of the reactor system.

[0055] The heat pipe 3 is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, sodium-potassium alloy and metallic cesium (eg, 400° C.-800° C., for example, the boiling point of sodium is 759° C.).

[0056] The liquid heat conducting medium may be one of metallic lead, lead-bismuth alloy, and lead-lithium alloy (e.g., 1200-1800° C., such as the boiling point of lead is 1745° C.). The liquid heat conducting medium is metallic lead or metallic lead-bismuth, which has good fluidity and low viscosity.

[0057] The working fluid inside the heat pipe 3 is different from the liquid metal substrate outside. The working fluid inside the heat pipe 3 must be able to undergo a phase change under appropriate temperature conditions (e.g., 400-800°C, such as the boiling point of sodium, 759°C) to achieve the startup conditions of the heat pipe 3 and high heat transfer efficiency. The liquid metal outside needs to have a higher boiling point (e.g., 1200-1800°C, such as the boiling point of lead, 1745°C) to ensure safety.

[0058] The integrated reactor device 100 of an embodiment of the present invention also includes a turbulent insulation component 7. The heat pipe 3 includes an evaporation section 31, an insulation section 32 and a condensation section 33 arranged in sequence. The evaporation section 31 forms the hot end of the heat pipe 3, and the condensation section 33 forms the cold end of the heat pipe 3. The turbulent insulation component 7 is arranged outside or around the insulation section 32.

[0059] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the flow-turbulating heat-insulating member 7 to increase flow resistance, thereby achieving a better insulation effect. Furthermore, the flow-turbulating heat-insulating member 7 tampered with the flow of the liquid heat-conducting medium, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency and uniformity of the liquid heat-conducting medium. This not only ensures the normal operation of the heat pipe 3, but also helps improve the heat transfer efficiency of the components within the core vessel 1.

[0060] The flow-disturbing and heat-insulating member 7 comprises a plurality of stacked fins, which are staggered and spaced apart along the extension direction of the heat pipe 3 to form a labyrinthine flow channel. Alternatively, the fins are provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, which are staggered and spaced apart along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a multi-hole flow channel. Thus, the flow-disturbing and heat-insulating member 7 of this structure has the advantages of good flow-disturbing effect, high flow resistance, and good thermal insulation effect.

[0061] The heat pipe 3 is cylindrical, the fuel element 2 is a fuel rod, the core container 1 is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe 3 is consistent with the setting direction of the core container 1 (it can be understood that the heat pipe 3 is also placed vertically), the diameter of the fuel rod is 7-27 cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8 m-2.4 m; the diameter of the heat pipe 3 is 10-40 cm; the height of the evaporation section 31 is 0.8-2.4 m, the height of the heat pipe 3 is 1-4 m, the height ratio of the evaporation section 31 to the heat pipe 3 is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section 31, the insulation section 32 and the condensation section 33 are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

[0062] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention places the heat pipe 3 vertically, and the phase change medium inside it will work simultaneously under the action of gravity and capillary force. When the heat pipe 3 is working, the evaporation section 31 is heated, and the heat is conducted from the tube wall to the liquid wick, causing the liquid working medium in the capillary core of the liquid wick to evaporate and vaporize. Under the action of a small pressure difference, the steam flow passes through the insulation section 32 and reaches the condensation section 33, where it is liquefied and releases heat. The liquefied liquid flow flows back to the evaporation section 31 due to the capillary force generated by the porous structure in the liquid wick for the next cycle, which is conducive to the reflux of liquid in the condensation section 33, and establishes the internal circulation of the heat pipe 3 faster and more stably, which helps to further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the internal devices of the core container 1.

[0063] Furthermore, by limiting the length of the evaporator section 31 and the condenser section 33 of the heat pipe 3 to the actual heat exchange length between the fuel rod and the heat pipe 3, the problem of low heat exchange efficiency caused by setting the length too large or too small can be avoided. Because the temperature difference between the two ends of the heat pipe 3 also affects the startup temperature, if the temperature difference between the two ends is large enough, the heat pipe 3 can be activated even if the temperature at the heating end is not high. Therefore, by properly setting the length of the heat pipe 3, it helps to reduce the startup temperature of the heat pipe 3 and minimize the design of the core vessel 1.

[0064] The heat pipe 3 comprises a plurality of parallel single pipes, and the heat exchanger 4 comprises a plurality of spiral pipes or a printed circuit heat exchanger 4. Each single pipe is surrounded by a plurality of spiral pipes. As a result, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantage of high heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor of the embodiment of the present invention includes a steam-to-electricity conversion device and the integrated reactor device 100 according to any one of the above items. The heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat with the steam-to-electricity conversion device to convert the latent heat of the medium of the thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

[0066] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0067] The steam-to-electricity conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator. The cold end of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the cooler inlet and the recompressor inlet, the cooler outlet is connected to the main compressor inlet, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0069] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0072] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated reactor device, characterized in that: include: a core container filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium; a fuel element and a heat pipe, the fuel element and the heat pipe being disposed in the core container and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe having a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe containing a phase-change medium having a boiling point lower than that of the liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel element being disposed near the hot end of the heat pipe to form an integrated coolant system; a thermoelectric conversion system, the thermoelectric conversion system comprising a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container and being disposed near the cold end of the heat pipe so as to perform multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe; The heat pipe is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, and solid-liquid heat conduction is formed between the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium, so that the heat released by the fuel element is transferred to the liquid heat-conducting medium, and then transferred to the heat pipe through the liquid heat-conducting medium, forming a single heat exchange with high heat uniformity. At the same time, the heat exchanger is integrated into the core container, so that the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system directly participates in the double heat exchange of the liquid heat-conducting medium. Moreover, the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the cold end of the heat pipe to form a triple heat exchange.

2. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple fuel elements, and the heat pipes include multiple single tubes that are spaced apart from each other. The single tubes are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the core container, and multiple single tubes are evenly distributed outside each fuel element.

3. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe further comprises an upper baffle, a cylinder and a lower baffle, wherein the upper baffle and the lower baffle respectively cover the two sides of the cylinder along the axial direction thereof, and at least one of the upper baffle and the lower baffle is provided with a limiting groove, the end of the fuel element is mounted in the limiting groove, the hot end of the heat pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the heat pipe passes through the cylinder and out of the cylinder.

4. The integrated reactor device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a reflecting layer, which is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder along its circumference. A plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged in the reflecting layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged outside the cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

5. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, sodium-potassium alloy and metallic cesium; and / or the liquid heat conducting medium is one of metallic lead, lead-bismuth alloy and lead-lithium alloy.

6. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a turbulent insulation component. The heat pipe includes an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section arranged in sequence. The evaporation section forms the hot end of the heat pipe, and the condensation section forms the cold end of the heat pipe. The turbulent insulation component is arranged on or around the insulation section.

7. The integrated reactor device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat pipe is cylindrical, the fuel element is a fuel rod, the core container is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe is consistent with the setting direction of the core container, the diameter of the fuel rod is 7cm-27cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8m-2.4m; the diameter of the heat pipe is 10cm-40cm; the height of the evaporation section is 0.8m-2.4m, the height of the heat pipe is 1m-4m, the ratio of the evaporation section to the heat pipe height is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section, the insulation section and the condensation section are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

8. The integrated reactor device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow-turbulating heat-insulating member is a plurality of stacked fins, which are staggered and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a labyrinthine flow channel; or, the fin is provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, which are staggered and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a multi-hole flow channel; And / or, the heat pipe includes a plurality of single tubes arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of sections of spiral tubes or a printed circuit heat exchanger, and each of the single tubes is surrounded by a plurality of sections of the spiral tubes.

9. A power generation device for a nuclear reactor, characterized in that: The device comprises a steam-to-electricity conversion device and an integrated reactor device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the steam-to-electricity conversion device to convert the latent heat of a medium in a thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

10. The power generation device of a nuclear reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steam-to-electricity conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator. The cold end of the heat exchanger is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the cooler inlet and the recompressor inlet, the cooler outlet is connected to the main compressor inlet, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator.

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