An ultra-wideband summator for X-band and Ku-band

Abstract

The present application relates to an ultra-wideband summator for use in the X-band and Ku-band, comprising: a PCB circuit board, a sum port, an elevation difference port, an azimuth difference port, a one-to-four power divider, four one-to-three power dividers, four one-to-two power dividers, two bridges and a jumper. Among them, the one-to-four power divider connects the summator port and each one-to-three power divider; each one-to-three power divider is respectively connected to two adjacent one-to-two power dividers and the quadrant ports of the adjacent four-quadrant feeding network. The first one-to-two power divider is connected to the first bridge; the second one-to-two power divider is connected to the second bridge; the third one-to-two power divider is connected to the jumper; the fourth one-to-two power divider is connected to the jumper; the jumper is also connected to the first bridge and the second bridge; the first bridge is also connected to the elevation difference port; the second bridge is also connected to the azimuth difference port. The above design can achieve a relative bandwidth of 100% for the ultra-wideband summator, which is much higher than the relative bandwidth of the existing waveguide summators and stripline summators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband summator applied to X-band and Ku-band. Background Art

[0002] In the existing phased array radars, the sum-difference network plays a very important role. When transmitting, the transmission signal from the transmitter is input into the sum port of the sum-difference network through the transceiver circulator, and the four-way signal with equal amplitude and phase is distributed to the four-quadrant feed network to complete the transmission excitation of the T / R component. When receiving, the downlink RF signal of the antenna array is synthesized by the four-quadrant feed network to form four-way receiving signals and send them to the sum-difference network, which forms the sum beam, azimuth difference beam and elevation difference beam, and sends them to the receiver through the transceiver circulator.

[0003] The summator is an important device in microwave, millimeter wave circuits and phased array radar antenna systems. It can be applied to tile-type phased array or brick-type phased array antennas. As the requirements of radar for zero depth, angle measurement and ranging accuracy, weight, etc. continue to increase, the development of summator networks keeps up with the needs of radar and evolves towards ultra-wideband, light weight, and easy integration.

[0004] The working principle of the sum-differential device is to feed the four-quadrant feeding network of the tracking radar antenna in phase or in reverse phase through the sum-differential feeding network, so that the radar antenna can radiate the sum beam, azimuth difference beam and elevation difference beam required for target tracking. After scanning the target with these beams, the radar antenna can obtain the target's position information.

[0005] The RF signal from the sum port of the existing summator to the four-quadrant feeding network through the sum-difference network is fed in phase, and the main lobe of the antenna pattern is in the shape of a pen tip. The RF signal from the azimuth difference port to the four-quadrant feeding network through the sum-difference network has the same amplitude and opposite phase in the second and third quadrants to the first and fourth quadrants, and the main lobe of the antenna pattern is split into two lobes in the azimuth direction. The RF signal from the elevation difference port to the four-quadrant feeding network through the sum-difference network has the same amplitude and opposite phase in the first and second quadrants to the third and fourth quadrants, and the main lobe of the antenna pattern is split into two lobes in the elevation direction.

[0006] The existing summation and difference devices are generally waveguide summation and difference devices and stripline summation and difference devices, which have the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation. However, their disadvantages are that the relative bandwidth is relatively narrow, generally around 20%, which affects their use in some engineering applications. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to at least to some extent overcome the problem of relatively narrow bandwidth of the summator in the related art, the present application provides an ultra-wideband summator for use in the X-band and the Ku-band.

[0008] The scheme of this application is as follows:

[0009] An ultra-wideband summator applied to X-band and Ku-band, comprising:

[0010] PCB (Printed Circuit Board) circuit board, sum port, pitch difference port, azimuth difference port, one 1-to-4 power divider, four 1-to-3 power dividers, four 1-to-2 power dividers, two bridges and one jumper;

[0011] The sum port, azimuth difference port, elevation difference port, one-to-four power divider, one-to-three power divider, one-to-two power divider, bridge and jumper are all arranged on the PCB circuit board;

[0012] The four one-to-three power dividers include: a first one-to-three power divider, a second one-to-three power divider, a third one-to-three power divider and a fourth one-to-three power divider;

[0013] The four one-to-two power dividers include: a first one-to-two power divider, a second one-to-two power divider, a third one-to-two power divider and a fourth one-to-two power divider;

[0014] The two bridges include: a first bridge and a second bridge;

[0015] The one-to-four power splitter connects the sum port and each one-to-three power splitter;

[0016] The first one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the first one-to-two power splitter, the fourth one-to-two power splitter and the first quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0017] The second one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the first one-to-two power splitter, the second one-to-two power splitter and the second quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0018] The third one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the second one-to-two power splitter, the third one-to-two power splitter and the third quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0019] The fourth one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the third one-to-two power splitter, the fourth one-to-two power splitter and the fourth quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0020] The first one-to-two power divider is also connected to the first bridge;

[0021] The second one-to-two power divider is also connected to the second bridge;

[0022] The third one-to-two power divider is also connected to the jumper;

[0023] The fourth one-to-two power divider is also connected to the jumper;

[0024] The jumper also connects the first bridge and the second bridge;

[0025] The first bridge is also connected to the pitch difference port;

[0026] The second bridge is also connected to the azimuth difference port.

[0027] Preferably, the one-to-four power divider, one-to-three power divider, one-to-two power divider, bridge and jumper are all bare chip structures.

[0028] Preferably, the frequency of the one-to-four power splitter, the one-to-three power splitter, and the one-to-two power splitter is 6-18 GHz.

[0029] Preferably, the frequency of the jumper is DC-18 GHz.

[0030] Preferably, the frequency of the bridge is 5-18 GHz.

[0031] Preferably, the bridge is a 180° bridge.

[0032] Preferably, the ultra-wideband summator applied to the X-band and the Ku-band further comprises:

[0033] Metal cavity;

[0034] The PCB circuit board is arranged inside the metal cavity.

[0035] The technical solution provided by this application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0036] In this technical solution, the RF signal is input from each quadrant port to each 1-to-3 power splitter, and finally input to the sum port through the 1-to-4 power splitter, and the sum pattern is synthesized at the sum port. Since the phase amplitude from the input port to the output port of the 1-to-4 power splitter and the 1-to-3 power splitter is consistent, and the phase amplitude transmitted on the PCB circuit board is also consistent, the phase amplitude of the RF signal input from each quadrant port to the sum port is the same, and the main lobe of the synthesized sum pattern is in the shape of a pen tip.

[0037] The RF signal is input from each quadrant port to a three-way power divider, and then passes through a two-way power divider. Before the RF signal passes through the bridge, it is designed to be equal in amplitude and phase. After the RF signal passes through the bridge, the RF signal from the bridge input port to the two output ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction, that is, the RF signal amplitudes of the two output ports are the same, and the phase difference is 180°. When the azimuth difference port is used to synthesize the directional pattern, the RF signal input from the second and third quadrant ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction to the RF signal input from the first and fourth quadrant ports. The main lobe of the synthesized antenna directional pattern is split into two lobes in the azimuth direction, forming an azimuth difference directional pattern.

[0038] The RF signal is input from each quadrant port to a three-way power divider, and then passes through a two-way power divider. Before the RF signal passes through the bridge, it is designed to be equal in amplitude and phase. After the RF signal passes through the bridge, the RF signal from the bridge input port to the two output ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction, that is, the RF signal amplitudes of the two output ports are the same, and the phase difference is 180°. When the elevation difference port synthesizes the directional pattern, the RF signal input from the first and second quadrant ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction to the RF signal input from the third and fourth quadrant ports. The main lobe of the synthesized antenna directional pattern is split into two lobes in the elevation direction, forming an elevation difference directional pattern.

[0039] The above-mentioned sum pattern, azimuth difference pattern and elevation difference pattern obtained by the ultra-wideband summator of the present application can be tested to obtain a sum-difference output amplitude of ±1.2dB, a port phase consistency of ±15°, and a sum-difference standing wave of ≤2. The relative bandwidth of the ultra-wideband summator of the present application is 100%, which is significantly higher than the relative bandwidth of existing waveguide summators and stripline summators.

[0040] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0042] Figure 1 The present invention provides a circuit diagram of an ultra-wideband summator and subtractor for use in X-band and Ku-band, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure markings: PCB circuit board-1; and port-2; pitch difference port-3; azimuth difference port-4; first one-to-three power divider-51; second one-to-three power divider-52; third one-to-three power divider-53; fourth one-to-three power divider-54; first one-to-two power divider-61; second one-to-two power divider-62; third one-to-two power divider-63; fourth one-to-two power divider-64; one-to-four power divider-7; first bridge-81; second bridge-82; jumper-9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an ultra-wideband summator for use in an X-band and a Ku-band according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 , an ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band, comprising:

[0047] PCB circuit board 1, sum port 2, pitch difference port 3, azimuth difference port 4, a one-to-four power divider 7, four one-to-three power dividers, four one-to-two power dividers, two bridges and a jumper 9;

[0048] The sum port 2, the azimuth difference port 4, the elevation difference port 3, the one-to-four power divider 7, the one-to-three power divider, the one-to-two power divider, the bridge and the jumper 9 are all arranged on the PCB circuit board 1;

[0049] The four one-to-three power dividers include: a first one-to-three power divider 51, a second one-to-three power divider 52, a third one-to-three power divider 53 and a fourth one-to-three power divider 54;

[0050] The four one-to-two power dividers include: a first one-to-two power divider 61, a second one-to-two power divider 62, a third one-to-two power divider 63 and a fourth one-to-two power divider 64;

[0051] The two bridges include: a first bridge 81 and a second bridge 82;

[0052] The one-to-four power splitter 7 is connected to the port 2 and each one-to-three power splitter;

[0053] The first one-to-three power divider 51 is also connected to the first one-to-two power divider 61, the fourth one-to-two power divider 64 and the first quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0054] The second one-to-three power divider 52 is also connected to the first one-to-two power divider 61, the second one-to-two power divider 62 and the second quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0055] The third one-to-three power divider 53 is also connected to the second one-to-two power divider 62, the third one-to-two power divider 63 and the third quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0056] The fourth one-to-three power divider 54 is also connected to the third one-to-two power divider 63, the fourth one-to-two power divider 64 and the fourth quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network;

[0057] The first one-to-two power divider 61 is also connected to the first bridge 81;

[0058] The second one-to-two power divider 62 is also connected to the second bridge 82;

[0059] The third one-to-two power divider 63 is also connected to the jumper 9;

[0060] The fourth one-to-two power divider 64 is also connected to the jumper 9;

[0061] The jumper 9 also connects the first bridge 81 and the second bridge 82;

[0062] The first bridge 81 is also connected to the pitch difference port 3;

[0063] The second bridge 82 is also connected to the azimuth difference port 4 .

[0064] Preferably, the sum port 2, the azimuth difference port 4, the elevation difference port 3, the one-to-four power divider 7, the one-to-three power divider, the one-to-two power divider, the bridge and the jumper 9 are arranged on the PCB circuit board 1 by a gold wire bonding process.

[0065] Preferably, the one-to-four power divider 7, the one-to-three power divider, the one-to-two power divider, the bridge and the jumper 9 are all bare chip structures.

[0066] A power splitter is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more outputs of equal or unequal energy, and can also combine multiple signal energies into one output. In this technical solution, three types of power splitters are used in combination, including: one one-to-four power splitter 7, four one-to-three power splitters, and four one-to-two power splitters.

[0067] In this technical solution, the frequencies of the one-to-four power divider 7, the one-to-three power divider, and the one-to-two power divider are 6-18 GHz.

[0068] The jumper 9 is actually a metal connecting wire that connects two required points on the PCB board. Due to different product designs, the jumper uses different materials and thicknesses. Most jumpers are used for equal potential voltage transmission, and some are used to protect the reference voltage of the circuit. For those with precise voltage requirements, a small voltage drop caused by a metal jumper will also have a great impact on product performance.

[0069] In this technical solution, the frequency of the jumper 9 is DC-18GHz.

[0070] A bridge is a common combined electrical component.

[0071] Preferably, a 180° bridge is used in the technical solution. In practice, other types of bridges, such as a 90° bridge, can also be selected according to specific circumstances, and the effect is basically the same.

[0072] In this technical solution, the frequency of the bridge is 5-18 GHz.

[0073] When the ultra-wideband sum-difference device in the technical solution is implemented, the radio frequency signal is input from each quadrant port to each one-to-three power divider, and finally input to the sum port 2 through the one-to-four power divider 7, and the sum pattern is synthesized at the sum port 2. Since the phase amplitude from the input port to the output port of the one-to-four power divider 7 and the one-to-three power divider is consistent, and the phase amplitude transmitted on the PCB circuit board 1 is also consistent, the phase amplitude of the radio frequency signal input from each quadrant port to the sum port 2 is the same, and the main lobe of the synthesized sum pattern is in the shape of a pen tip.

[0074] The RF signal is input from each quadrant port to a three-way power divider, and then passes through a two-way power divider. Before the RF signal passes through the bridge, it is designed to be equal in amplitude and phase. After the RF signal passes through the bridge, the RF signal from the bridge input port to the two output ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction, that is, the RF signal amplitudes of the two output ports are the same, and the phase difference is 180°. When the azimuth difference port 4 synthesizes the directional pattern, the RF signal input from the second and third quadrant ports is equal in amplitude and in reverse direction to the RF signal input from the first and fourth quadrant ports. The main lobe of the synthesized antenna directional pattern is split into two lobes in the azimuth direction, forming an azimuth difference directional pattern.

[0075] The RF signal is input from each quadrant port to a three-way power divider, and then passes through a two-way power divider. Before the RF signal passes through the bridge, it is designed to be equal-amplitude and in phase. After the RF signal passes through the bridge, the RF signal from the bridge input port to the two output ports is equal-amplitude and inverse-phase, that is, the RF signal amplitudes of the two output ports are the same, and the phase difference is 180°. When the elevation difference port 3 synthesizes the directional pattern, the RF signals input from the first and second quadrant ports are equal-amplitude and inverse-phase with the RF signals input from the third and fourth quadrant ports. The main lobe of the synthesized antenna directional pattern is split into two lobes in the elevation direction, forming an elevation difference directional pattern.

[0076] The above-mentioned sum pattern, azimuth difference pattern and elevation difference pattern obtained by the ultra-wideband summator of the technical solution can be tested to obtain a sum-difference output amplitude of ±1.2dB, a port phase consistency of ±15°, and a sum-difference standing wave of ≤2. The relative bandwidth of the ultra-wideband summator in the technical solution is 100%, which is significantly higher than the relative bandwidth of the existing waveguide summator and stripline summator.

[0077] According to the experiment, the ultra-wideband summator in this technical solution has a relatively wide bandwidth, achieving a relative bandwidth of 100%, and the frequency (6-18GHz) includes the summator of the X and Ku bands. The ultra-wideband summator in this technical solution has high amplitude consistency, light weight, and easy integration, and can be well applied to tile-type phased array or brick-type phased array antennas.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] It should be noted that the ultra-wideband summator used in X-band and Ku-band also includes:

[0080] Metal cavity;

[0081] The PCB circuit board 1 is arranged inside the metal cavity.

[0082] In the present technical solution, the sum port 2, the azimuth difference port 4, the pitch difference port 3, the one-to-four power divider 7, the one-to-three power divider, the one-to-two power divider, the bridge and the jumper 9 are all arranged on the PCB circuit board 1, and then the PCB circuit board 1 is arranged inside the metal cavity to protect the above-mentioned electrical components through the metal cavity.

[0083] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0084] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0085] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband sum-differential device applied to X-band and Ku-band, characterized in that: include: Metal cavity, PCB circuit board, sum port, pitch difference port, azimuth difference port, one 1-to-4 power divider, four 1-to-3 power dividers, four 1-to-2 power dividers, two bridges and a jumper; The PCB circuit board is arranged inside the metal cavity; The sum port, azimuth difference port, elevation difference port, one-to-four power divider, one-to-three power divider, one-to-two power divider, bridge and jumper are all arranged on the PCB circuit board; The four one-to-three power dividers include: a first one-to-three power divider, a second one-to-three power divider, a third one-to-three power divider and a fourth one-to-three power divider; The four one-to-two power dividers include: a first one-to-two power divider, a second one-to-two power divider, a third one-to-two power divider and a fourth one-to-two power divider; The two bridges include: a first bridge and a second bridge; The one-to-four power splitter connects the sum port and each one-to-three power splitter; The first one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the first one-to-two power splitter, the fourth one-to-two power splitter and the first quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network; The second one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the first one-to-two power splitter, the second one-to-two power splitter and the second quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network; The third one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the second one-to-two power splitter, the third one-to-two power splitter and the third quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network; The fourth one-to-three power splitter is also connected to the third one-to-two power splitter, the fourth one-to-two power splitter and the fourth quadrant port of the four-quadrant feeding network; The first one-to-two power divider is also connected to the first bridge; The second one-to-two power divider is also connected to the second bridge; The third one-to-two power divider is also connected to the jumper; The fourth one-to-two power divider is also connected to the jumper; The jumper also connects the first bridge and the second bridge; The first bridge is also connected to the pitch difference port; The second bridge is also connected to the azimuth difference port.

2. The ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-to-four power divider, one-to-three power divider, one-to-two power divider, bridge and jumper are all bare chip structures.

3. The ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the one-to-four power divider, one-to-three power divider, and one-to-two power divider is 6-18 GHz.

4. The ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the jumper is DC-18 GHz.

5. The ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency of the bridge is 5-18 GHz.

6. The ultra-wideband summator for use in X-band and Ku-band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge is a 180° bridge.

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