Photovoltaic module with automatic protection function

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module with an automatic protection function, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels, the plurality of photovoltaic panels are installed on a rotating assembly, a lifting fixing assembly is arranged below the rotating assembly, two sides of the lifting fixing assembly are provided with protection assemblies, and the photovoltaic panels are provided with circuit safety assemblies; the system further comprises a photovoltaic bearing monitoring assembly, and the photovoltaic bearing monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the structural stability of the photovoltaic assembly. The technical problems that in an existing grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system, a single photovoltaic panel in a photovoltaic string lacks short circuit and open circuit protection functions, and when the photovoltaic panel is in an inclined state, the photovoltaic panel lacks effective protection against strong wind are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic component with an automatic protection function. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation refers to a power generation method that directly converts solar radiation into electrical energy. It is the mainstream of solar power generation today. Existing photovoltaic power stations usually use grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation connects several photovoltaic panels in series into a group, connects several groups of photovoltaic strings in parallel to the inverter, and injects electrical energy into the power generation system of the grid through the grid-connected inverter.

[0003] Existing grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems usually adopt direct series contact grid connection. The photovoltaic strings lack short-circuit and open-circuit protection functions for photovoltaic panels. At the same time, photovoltaic panels need to be tilted to face the sun to achieve maximum power generation. When facing strong winds, photovoltaic panels are therefore subjected to greater lateral wind pressure, which has a greater impact on the structure of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a photovoltaic assembly with an automatic protection function, which is used to solve at least one technical problem raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic assembly with automatic protection function, comprising: a photovoltaic panel, a plurality of photovoltaic panels are mounted on a rotating assembly, a lifting and fixing assembly is arranged below the rotating assembly, protection assemblies are arranged on both sides of the lifting and fixing assembly, and a circuit safety assembly is mounted on the photovoltaic panel;

[0006] It also includes a photovoltaic load-bearing monitoring component, which is used to monitor the structural stability of the photovoltaic component.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft, both ends of which are respectively mounted on driving motors, which are mounted on the lifting and fixing assembly, a number of purlins are connected with bolts at intervals on the rotating shaft, photovoltaic panels are mounted between the purlins by snaps, telescopic connecting rods are symmetrically hinged under the purlins at both ends of the rotating shaft, the other end of the telescopic connecting rod is hinged to the lifting and fixing assembly, and a baffle is fixedly mounted on the telescopic connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting and fixing assembly includes a supporting pillar, a hollow groove is provided on the supporting pillar, a secondary lifting pillar is slidably connected in the hollow groove, a driving motor is bolted to the top of the secondary lifting pillar, the bottom of the secondary lifting pillar is threadedly connected to the lead screw one, the lead screw one is rotatably connected to the supporting pillar, the bottom of the lead screw one is connected to the lifting motor through a transmission structure, the side of the secondary lifting pillar is hingedly connected to the telescopic connecting rod, the secondary lifting pillar is provided with a pressing safety structure above the telescopic connecting rod, and the pressing safety structure cooperates with the baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the press safety structure includes a sleeve, two sleeves are symmetrically installed on the auxiliary lifting pillar, and a connecting button is slidably connected in the sleeve. A compression elastic part is provided between the connecting button and the sleeve, and contact ring pieces are respectively installed on the connecting button and the sleeve. The two contact ring pieces are respectively connected to the power line and the transmission line, and the transmission line is electrically connected to the lifting motor. The connecting button and the baffle cooperate with each other.

[0010] Preferably, the protection component includes a base column, the top of the base column is fixedly connected to the casing, a locking motor is installed in the casing, two bow rods are symmetrically provided on the side of the casing, a guide rail is fixed to the top of the casing by bolts, the two bow rods are slidably connected to the guide rail, the top of the bow rods are fixedly connected to clamping blocks, the two clamping blocks cooperate with the protection pull rod, the protection pull rod is fixedly connected to the purlin, the bottoms of the two bow rods are threadedly connected to the lead screw 2, the lead screw 2 is rotatably connected to the casing, a pulley is installed in the center of the lead screw 2, and the locking motor is connected to the pulley through a belt.

[0011] Preferably, the circuit safety component includes a control shell, which is fixed with a partition, and a voltage circuit breaker structure and a current circuit breaker structure are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the partition, and terminal 1 and terminal 2 are respectively penetrated on the left and right sides of the control shell, and one end of terminal 1 and terminal 2 are respectively electrically connected to the left and right adjacent photovoltaic panels through series cables, and terminal 1 and terminal 2 are connected with a voltage circuit breaker structure, and the current circuit breaker structure is respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of terminal 1 and the other end of the negative pole of terminal 2, and the control shell is connected to the purlin by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the voltage circuit breaker structure includes an intermediate relay, the positive and negative poles of terminal one and terminal two are electrically connected to the main input and main output of the two intermediate relays, respectively, the control input and control output of the voltage relay are electrically connected to the positive pole of terminal one and the negative pole of terminal two, respectively, and the control input and control output of the two intermediate relays and the main wiring input and main wiring output of the voltage relay are connected in series in the auxiliary circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the current circuit breaking structure includes contact one and contact two, both of which are fixedly connected to the control housing, and are electrically connected to the positive pole of terminal one and the negative pole of terminal two, respectively; a crowbar is sleeved on contact one, and the crowbar is rotatably connected to the top of the support rod; a compression elastic member two is provided between the crowbar and the support rod, and the support rod is fixedly connected to the control housing; an iron core is fixedly installed on the other end of the crowbar, and an electromagnet is provided under the iron core, and the electromagnet is installed on the switch box, and the switch box is fixed on the control housing, and the switch box is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of terminal two; a press-to-continue switch is provided on one side of the switch box, and the press-to-continue switch is hinged to the crowbar; a telescopic switch is provided on the control housing, and the telescopic switch corresponds to the iron core.

[0014] Preferably, the photovoltaic load monitoring assembly includes a control module, a data processing module, a detection module and an execution module, and the detection module includes:

[0015] Wind speed sensor: used to detect the wind speed around the photovoltaic panel, which is installed on the purlin;

[0016] Bending stress sensor: used to detect the bending stress of the rotating shaft, which is arranged on the rotating shaft;

[0017] Torsional stress sensor: used to detect the torsional stress of the shaft, which is set on the shaft.

[0018] Force sensor: used to detect the bearing force of the auxiliary lifting support, which is set on the auxiliary lifting support;

[0019] Displacement sensor: used to detect the lifting displacement of the auxiliary lifting support, which is set on the auxiliary lifting support;

[0020] Angle sensor: used to detect the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, which is set on the rotating shaft;

[0021] The detection module is electrically connected to the data processing module, the control module is electrically connected to the data processing module and the execution module, and the control module controls the execution module to work based on the data results of the data processing module.

[0022] Preferably, the control module controls the execution module based on the data result of the data processing module, including the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Calculate the load factor B of the photovoltaic module based on the wind speed sensor, bending stress sensor, torsion stress sensor, force sensor, displacement sensor and angle sensor w :

[0024] Among them B w is the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w , σ is the detection value of the bending stress sensor, S is the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, θ is the detection value of the angle sensor, ρ is the density of the air, V is the detection value of the wind speed sensor, B is the width of the photovoltaic panel, L is the length of the shaft, ε is the wind resistance correction coefficient, F is the detection value of the force sensor, x is the detection value of the displacement sensor, h is the maximum lifting height of the auxiliary lifting support, τ is the detection value of the torsion stress sensor, J is the moment of inertia of the shaft, and R is the radius of the shaft;

[0025] Step 2: Based on the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w Calculate the action coefficient A of the photovoltaic module c And the action angle α:

[0026]

[0027] α=sin -1 (ln 1+B w )(3); where A c1 is the action coefficient of the photovoltaic module, α is the action angle of the photovoltaic module;

[0028] Step 3: Data Processing Module Comparison A c1 and A c10 , when A c1 >A c10 When (A c10 The control module controls the execution model to drive the photovoltaic components to rotate to the horizontal level and then descend to connect with the protection components. c1 c10 When , the control module controls the execution module to drive the photovoltaic assembly to rotate to the action angle α. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit safety component of the present invention.

[0035] ​In the figure: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Rotating assembly; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Driving motor; 23. Purlin; 24. Buckle; 25. Telescopic connecting rod; 26. Baffle; 3. Lifting and fixing assembly; 31. Support pillar; 32. Hollow groove; 33. Auxiliary lifting pillar; 34. Lead screw 1; 35. Transmission structure; 36. Lifting motor; 4. Press safety structure; 41. Sleeve; 42. Connecting button; 43. Compression elastic member 1; 44. Contact ring; 5. Protection assembly; 51. Foundation column; 52. Casing; 53. Locking motor; 54. Bow rod; 55. Guide rail; 5 6. Clamp; 57. Protective pull rod; 58. Lead screw and screw 2; 59. Pulley; 510. Locking motor; 511. Belt; 6. Circuit safety component; 61. Control housing; 62. Partition; 63. Terminal 1; 64. Terminal 2; 7. Voltage circuit breaker structure; 71. Intermediate relay; 72. Voltage relay; 8. Current circuit breaker structure; 81. Contact 1; 82. Contact 2; 83. Pry bar; 84. Support rod; 85. Compression elastic part 2; 86. Iron core; 87. Electromagnet; 88. Switch box; 89. Press-to-continue switch; 810. Telescopic switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0037] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides the following embodiments

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module with automatic protection function, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes: a photovoltaic panel 1, a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1 are installed on a rotating assembly 2, a lifting and fixing assembly 3 is provided below the rotating assembly 2, protection assemblies 5 are provided on both sides of the lifting and fixing assembly 3, and a circuit safety assembly 6 is installed on the photovoltaic panel 1;

[0041] It also includes a photovoltaic load-bearing monitoring component, which is used to monitor the structural stability of the photovoltaic component.

[0042] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the photovoltaic panel 1 changes its angle through the rotating component 2, the lifting and fixing component 3 supports the rotating component 2 and the photovoltaic panel 1 and realizes the lifting function of the photovoltaic panel 1, the protection component 5 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 after it is lowered, thereby realizing the support and protection of the suspended part of the photovoltaic panel 1 in the face of strong winds, the circuit safety component 6 protects the photovoltaic panel 1, and ensures the stable operation of the overall photovoltaic string when the photovoltaic panel 1 is short-circuited or open-circuited, and the photovoltaic load-bearing monitoring component monitors the structural stability of the photovoltaic component;

[0043] The present invention utilizes the rotating component 2 to realize the angular rotation of the photovoltaic panel 1. This design can enable the photovoltaic component to maximize the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. The lifting and fixing component 3 cooperates with the design of the protection component 5. When the photovoltaic panel 1 faces strong winds, the rotating component 2 can be connected to the protection component 5 by lifting, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the rotating component 2, and preventing the strong wind from causing the rotating component 2 to fail and then causing the photovoltaic panel 1 to swing, causing damage to the photovoltaic panel 1. The design of the circuit safety component 6 ensures the working efficiency of the photovoltaic panel string, and prevents the short circuit or open circuit of any photovoltaic panel 1 in the photovoltaic panel string from causing the entire photovoltaic string to fail to work. At the same time, the design of the photovoltaic load-bearing monitoring component can monitor the stability of the photovoltaic element, and timely adjust the state of the photovoltaic element according to the monitoring situation to avoid damage to the entire photovoltaic panel string.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] On the basis of Example 1, the rotating component 2 includes a rotating shaft 21, both ends of which are respectively installed on the driving motor 22, and the driving motor 22 is installed on the lifting and fixing component 3. A plurality of purlins 23 are connected to the rotating shaft 21 by bolts at intervals, and photovoltaic panels 1 are installed between the purlins 23 through buckles 24. The purlins 23 at both ends of the rotating shaft 21 are symmetrically hinged with telescopic links 25 below, and the other end of the telescopic links 25 is hinged to the lifting and fixing component 3, and a baffle 26 is fixedly installed on the telescopic links 25.

[0046] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the photovoltaic panel 1 needs to rotate, the driving motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 21 then drives the purlin 23 and the photovoltaic panel 1 thereon to rotate, so as to realize the angle change of the photovoltaic panel 1. When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the telescopic connecting rod 25 on the purlin 23 is telescoped accordingly. The present invention drives the rotating shaft 21 through the driving motor 22. This design can realize the angle change of the photovoltaic panel 1 with a relatively simple and stable structure, which is convenient for construction personnel to transport and install photovoltaic modules, and convenient for maintenance personnel to repair photovoltaic modules.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] On the basis of Example 1, the lifting and fixing assembly 3 includes a supporting pillar 31, a hollow groove 32 is provided on the supporting pillar 31, a secondary lifting pillar 33 is slidably connected in the hollow groove 32, the top bolt of the secondary lifting pillar 33 is connected to the driving motor 22, the bottom of the secondary lifting pillar 33 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 34, the lead screw 34 is rotatably connected to the supporting pillar 31, the bottom of the lead screw 34 is connected to the lifting motor 36 through the transmission structure 35, the side of the secondary lifting pillar 33 is hingedly connected to the telescopic link 25, and the secondary lifting pillar 33 is provided with a pressing safety structure 4 above the telescopic link 25, and the pressing safety structure 4 cooperates with the baffle 26.

[0049] The press safety structure 4 includes a sleeve 41, and the two sleeves 41 are symmetrically installed on the auxiliary lifting pillar 33. A connecting button 42 is slidably connected in the sleeve 41. A compression elastic member 43 is provided between the connecting button 42 and the sleeve 41. Contact ring pieces 44 are respectively installed on the connecting button 42 and the sleeve 41. The two contact ring pieces 44 are respectively connected to a power line and a transmission line. The transmission line is electrically connected to the lifting motor 36, and the connecting button 42 cooperates with the baffle 26.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the photovoltaic panel 1 is tilted, the baffles 26 on the telescopic links 25 on both sides of the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 always squeeze the connecting button 42 on one side, and the connecting button 42 on one side is disconnected from the contact ring piece 44 on the sleeve 41 and the circuit connection cannot be guaranteed, so the lifting motor 36 cannot be started. When the photovoltaic panel 1 is rotated to the horizontal through the rotating component 2, the baffles 26 on the telescopic links 25 on both sides of the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 no longer squeeze the connecting button 42, and the connecting button 42 is reset under the action of the compression elastic member 43, and the connecting buttons 42 on both sides of the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 and the contact ring piece 44 on the sleeve 41 achieve circuit connection. After the lifting motor 36 is started, the lifting motor 36 drives the lead screw 34 to rotate through the transmission structure 35, and the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 slides in the hollow groove 32 along the lead screw 34.

[0051] The present invention drives the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 to lift and lower through the lead screw 34. This design can ensure that the lifting and fixing component 3 has high axial stiffness and fast response speed, and this design can be applied to relatively harsh environments without requiring high technical support. At the same time, the design of the pressing safety structure 4 can ensure the horizontal stability of the photovoltaic panel 1 during the lifting process, and avoid jamming and wear between the auxiliary lifting pillar 33 and the lead screw 34 caused by lifting and lowering the photovoltaic panel 1 in an inclined state, thereby reducing the life of the lifting and fixing component 3.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] On the basis of Example 1, the protection component 5 includes a basic column 51, the top of the basic column 51 is fixedly connected to a casing 52, a locking motor 53 is installed in the casing 52, two bow rods 54 are symmetrically provided on the side of the casing 52, a guide rail 55 is bolted to the top of the casing 52, the two bow rods 54 are slidably connected to the guide rail 55, the top of the bow rods 54 are fixedly connected to a clamping block 56, the two clamping blocks 56 cooperate with a protection pull rod 57, the protection pull rod 57 is fixedly connected to the purlin 23, the bottom of the two bow rods 54 are threadedly connected to a lead screw 58, the lead screw 58 is rotatably connected to the casing 52, a pulley 59 is installed in the center of the lead screw 58, and the locking motor 510 is connected to the pulley 59 through a belt 511.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the protection assembly 5 is connected to the foundation through the foundation column 51. When the photovoltaic panel 1 is lowered to a predetermined height, the locking motor 510 is started and drives the pulley 59 to rotate through the belt 511. The pulley 59 then drives the lead screw 58 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 58 causes the two bow rods 54 to move in opposite directions along the lead screw 58 and the guide rail 55, so that the two clamping blocks 56 clamp the protection pull rod 57.

[0055] The present invention realizes the displacement of the bow rod 54 through the lead screw 58 and the guide rail 55. This design can not only use the guide rail 55 to ensure the bearing capacity of the bow rod 54, but also use the lead screw 58 to ensure the pulling force of the bow rod 54. The cooperation of the two makes the movement accuracy of the bow rod 54 high and the displacement stability good. At the same time, the connection between the rotating component 2 and the protective component 5 is realized through the clamp block 56 and the protective pull rod 57. The foundation column 51 is used to ensure the load-bearing and counterweight of the photovoltaic panel 1 when facing strong winds, so as to prevent the photovoltaic panel 1 from being broken or swept away by strong winds.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] On the basis of Example 1, the circuit safety component 6 includes a control housing 61, and a partition 62 is fixed to the control housing 61. A voltage circuit breaker structure 7 and a current circuit breaker structure 8 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the partition 62. Terminal 1 63 and terminal 2 64 are respectively penetrated on the left and right sides of the control housing 61. One end of terminal 1 63 and terminal 2 64 are electrically connected to the left and right adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 through series cables. Terminal 1 63 and terminal 2 64 are both connected to the voltage circuit breaker structure 7. The current circuit breaker structure 8 is respectively electrically connected to the positive end of terminal 1 63 and the negative end of terminal 2 64. The control housing 61 is connected to the purlin 23 by bolts.

[0058] The voltage circuit breaker structure 7 includes an intermediate relay 71, and the positive and negative poles of the terminal 1 63 and the terminal 2 64 are electrically connected to the main input terminal and the main output terminal of the two intermediate relays 71 respectively. The control input terminal and the control output terminal of the voltage relay 72 are electrically connected to the positive pole of the terminal 1 63 and the negative pole of the terminal 2 64 respectively. The control input terminal and the control output terminal of the two intermediate relays 71 and the main wiring input terminal and the main wiring output terminal of the voltage relay 72 are connected in series in the auxiliary circuit.

[0059] The current circuit breaker structure 8 includes a contact 1 81 and a contact 2 82, both of which are fixedly connected to the control housing 61, and the contact 1 81 and the contact 2 82 are electrically connected to the positive pole of the wiring terminal 1 63 and the negative pole of the wiring terminal 2 64 respectively. A pry bar 83 is sleeved on the contact 1 81, and the pry bar 83 is rotatably connected to the top of the support rod 84. A compression elastic member 2 85 is provided between the pry bar 83 and the support rod 84, and the support rod 84 is fixedly connected to the control housing 61. An iron core 86 is fixedly installed on the other end of the pry bar 83, and an electromagnet 87 is provided below the iron core 86. The electromagnet 87 is installed on a switch box 88, and the switch box 88 is fixed on the control housing 61. The switch box 88 is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the wiring terminal 2 64. A press-and-hold switch 89 is provided on one side of the switch box 88, and the press-and-hold switch 89 is hinged to the pry bar 83. A telescopic switch 810 is provided on the control housing 61, and the telescopic switch 810 corresponds to the iron core 86.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the photovoltaic panels 1 are connected in series with the adjacent photovoltaic panels 1 on both sides through the wiring terminal 1 63 and the wiring terminal 2 64, respectively, to form a photovoltaic panel string including a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1. When the photovoltaic panel string operates normally, the voltage relay 72 and the intermediate relay 71 between the wiring terminal 1 63 and the wiring terminal 2 64 operate normally to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 1 string circuit is unobstructed. The electromagnet 87 generates a magnetic force to attract the iron core 86 under the action of electric energy, so that the iron core 86 drives the crowbar 83 to rotate on the support rod 84, and the crowbar 83 pushes the contact 1 81 and the contact 2 82 to separate and keep the circuit open. When a photovoltaic panel 1 in the photovoltaic panel 1 string is short-circuited or open-circuited, the voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 is reduced, and the voltage relay 72 between the wiring terminal 1 63 and the wiring terminal 2 64 is activated after detecting the voltage reduction, so that the auxiliary circuit is disconnected, and the positive and negative poles of the wiring terminal 1 63 and the wiring terminal 2 64 are both connected. The intermediate relay 71 is connected. When the auxiliary circuit is disconnected, the intermediate relay 71 loses power and operates, causing the positive and negative poles of the connection terminal 1 63 and the connection terminal 2 64 to be disconnected. The short-circuited photovoltaic panel 1 loses connection with the photovoltaic panel 1 string. Part of the photovoltaic panels 1 in the photovoltaic panel 1 string are no longer powered due to the disconnection. At the same time, the electromagnet 87 loses power and the magnetism disappears. The contact 1 81 and the contact 2 82 are reset by rotating around the support rod 84 under the elastic action of their own. The contact 1 81 and the contact 2 82 are connected, and the short-circuited photovoltaic panel 1 is isolated from the photovoltaic panel 1 string, so that the circuits of the photovoltaic panels 1 adjacent to the left and right are connected, and the photovoltaic panel 1 string resumes work. When a short circuit or disconnected photovoltaic panel is repaired and replaced, the telescopic switch 810 is pressed, and the telescopic switch 810 pushes the pry bar 83 to rotate around the support rod 84. The pry bar 83 squeezes and presses the continuous switch 89, and the electromagnet 87 re-absorbs the iron core 86 to disconnect the contact 1 81 and the contact 2 82.

[0061] The present invention utilizes a voltage relay 72 and an intermediate relay 71 to monitor the short circuit and open circuit of the photovoltaic panel 1. This design can timely isolate the short-circuited or open-circuited photovoltaic panel 1 from the photovoltaic panel 1 string when a short circuit or open circuit occurs in the photovoltaic panel 1, thereby preventing the short-circuited or open-circuited photovoltaic panel 1 from being further damaged by the action of adjacent photovoltaic panels 1, and facilitating reconnection of the photovoltaic panel 1 string after isolating it. At the same time, the design of the electromagnet 87 and the press-to-hold switch 89 can ensure that the short-circuited or open-circuited photovoltaic panel 1 re-establishes the circuit path using contact one 81 and contact two 82 after isolation, and avoids repeated open circuits caused by re-powering the electromagnet 87 after the new circuit path is established.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] On the basis of Example 1, the photovoltaic load monitoring assembly includes a control module, a data processing module, a detection module and an execution module, and the detection module includes:

[0064] Wind speed sensor: used to detect the wind speed around the photovoltaic panel 1, which is arranged on the purlin 23;

[0065] Bending stress sensor: used to detect the bending stress of the rotating shaft 21, and disposed on the rotating shaft 21;

[0066] Torsion stress sensor: used to detect the torsional stress of the rotating shaft 21, which is arranged on the rotating shaft 21.

[0067] Force sensor: used to detect the bearing force of the auxiliary lifting support 33, which is arranged on the auxiliary lifting support 33;

[0068] Displacement sensor: used to detect the lifting displacement of the auxiliary lifting support 33, which is arranged on the auxiliary lifting support 33;

[0069] Angle sensor: used to detect the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 1, which is arranged on the rotating shaft 21;

[0070] The detection module is electrically connected to the data processing module, the control module is electrically connected to the data processing module and the execution module, and the control module controls the execution module to work based on the data results of the data processing module.

[0071] The control module controls the execution module based on the data results of the data processing module, including the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Calculate the load factor B of the photovoltaic module based on the wind speed sensor, bending stress sensor, torsion stress sensor, force sensor, displacement sensor and angle sensor w :

[0073] Among them B w is the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w , σ is the detection value of the bending stress sensor, S is the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 1, θ is the detection value of the angle sensor, ρ is the density of the air, V is the detection value of the wind speed sensor, B is the width of the photovoltaic panel 1, L is the length of the shaft 21, ε is the wind resistance correction coefficient, F is the detection value of the force sensor, x is the detection value of the displacement sensor, h is the maximum lifting height of the auxiliary lifting support 33, τ is the detection value of the torsion stress sensor, J is the moment of inertia of the shaft 21, and R is the radius of the shaft 21;

[0074] Step 2: Based on the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w Calculate the action coefficient A of the photovoltaic module c And the action angle α:

[0075]

[0076] α=sin -1 (ln 1+B w)(3); where A c1 is the action coefficient of the photovoltaic module, α is the action angle of the photovoltaic module;

[0077] Step 3: Data Processing Module Comparison A c1 and A c10 , when A c1 >A c10 When (A c10 The control module controls the execution model to drive the photovoltaic components to rotate to the horizontal level and then descend to connect with the protection components. c1 c10 When , the control module controls the execution module to drive the photovoltaic assembly to rotate to the action angle α.

[0078] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the photovoltaic assembly faces strong winds, since the photovoltaic assembly uses the rotating shaft 21 as the main bearing member of the photovoltaic panel 1, the rotating shaft 21 will be subjected to more complex stress changes. When the rotating shaft 21 exceeds its own bearing limit, it will cause the collapse of the photovoltaic assembly. Therefore, the state of the rotating shaft 21 is monitored. When the stress change borne by the rotating shaft 21 exceeds the preset value, the photovoltaic assembly is adjusted to a certain angle or the photovoltaic assembly is contracted and connected to the protective assembly 5 according to the actual situation, so as to achieve the effect of protecting the photovoltaic assembly.

[0079] The present invention monitors the rotating shaft 21 through a control module, a data processing module, a detection module and an execution module. This design can effectively protect the photovoltaic components from damage in complex meteorological environments and ensure the stable operation of the photovoltaic components.

[0080] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.​

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module with automatic protection function, characterized in that: include: Photovoltaic panels (1), a plurality of photovoltaic panels (1) are mounted on a rotating assembly (2), a lifting and fixing assembly (3) is provided below the rotating assembly (2), protection assemblies (5) are provided on both sides of the lifting and fixing assembly (3), and a circuit safety assembly (6) is mounted on the photovoltaic panels (1); It also includes a photovoltaic load-bearing monitoring component, which is used to monitor the structural stability of the photovoltaic component.

2. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (2) comprises a rotating shaft (21), both ends of the rotating shaft (21) are respectively mounted on a driving motor (22), the driving motor (22) is mounted on a lifting and fixing assembly (3), a plurality of purlins (23) are connected to the rotating shaft (21) by bolts at intervals, photovoltaic panels (1) are mounted between the purlins (23) by buckles (24), telescopic connecting rods (25) are symmetrically hingedly connected below the purlins (23) at both ends of the rotating shaft (21), the other end of the telescopic connecting rod (25) is hingedly connected to the lifting and fixing assembly (3), and a baffle (26) is fixedly mounted on the telescopic connecting rod (25).

3. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and fixing assembly (3) comprises a supporting pillar (31), a hollow groove (32) is provided on the supporting pillar (31), a secondary lifting pillar (33) is slidably connected in the hollow groove (32), a driving motor (22) is bolted to the top of the secondary lifting pillar (33), a bottom of the secondary lifting pillar (33) is threadedly connected to a lead screw rod (34), the lead screw rod (34) is rotatably connected to the supporting pillar (31), a lifting motor (36) is connected to the bottom of the lead screw rod (34) through a transmission structure (35), a telescopic connecting rod (25) is hingedly connected to the side of the secondary lifting pillar (33), a pressing safety structure (4) is provided above the telescopic connecting rod (25), and the pressing safety structure (4) cooperates with the baffle (26).

4. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The push safety structure (4) comprises a sleeve (41), two sleeves (41) are symmetrically mounted on the auxiliary lifting support (33), a connecting button (42) is slidably connected in each sleeve (41), a compression elastic member (43) is arranged between the connecting button (42) and the sleeve (41), contact ring pieces (44) are respectively mounted on the connecting button (42) and the sleeve (41), a power line and a transmission line are respectively connected to the two contact ring pieces (44), the transmission line is electrically connected to the lifting motor (36), and the connecting button (42) and the baffle (26) cooperate with each other.

5. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection assembly (5) comprises a base column (51), the top of the base column (51) is fixedly connected to a housing (52), a locking motor (53) is installed in the housing (52), two bow-shaped rods (54) are symmetrically arranged on the side of the housing (52), a guide rail (55) is fixedly provided on the top of the housing (52) with bolts, the two bow-shaped rods (54) are slidably connected to the guide rail (55), the top of the bow-shaped rods (54) are fixedly connected to a clamping block (56), and the two The clamping blocks (56) cooperate with the protection rod (57), the protection rod (57) is fixedly connected to the purlin (23), the bottoms of the two bow-shaped rods (54) are threadedly connected to the second screw rod (58), the second screw rod (58) is rotatably connected to the housing (52), a pulley (59) is installed at the center of the second screw rod (58), and the locking motor (510) is connected to the pulley (59) through a belt (511).

6. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit safety component (6) comprises a control housing (61), a partition (62) is fixed to the control housing (61), a voltage disconnection structure (7) and a current disconnection structure (8) are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the partition (62), a wiring terminal 1 (63) and a wiring terminal 2 (64) are respectively passed through the left and right sides of the control housing (61), one end of the wiring terminal 1 (63) and the wiring terminal 2 (64) are respectively electrically connected to the left and right adjacent photovoltaic panels (1) through a series cable, the wiring terminal 1 (63) and the wiring terminal 2 (64) are both connected to the voltage disconnection structure (7), the current disconnection structure (8) is respectively electrically connected to the other end of the positive electrode of the wiring terminal 1 (63) and the negative electrode of the wiring terminal 2 (64), and the control housing (61) is connected to the purlin (23) by bolts.

7. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage disconnection structure (7) comprises an intermediate relay (71), the positive and negative poles of the first wiring terminal (63) and the second wiring terminal (64) are respectively electrically connected to the main input end and the main output end of the two intermediate relays (71), the control input end and the control output end of the voltage relay (72) are respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of the first wiring terminal (63) and the negative pole of the second wiring terminal (64), and the control input end and the control output end of the two intermediate relays (71) and the main wiring input end and the main wiring output end of the voltage relay (72) are connected in series in the auxiliary circuit.

8. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current breaking structure (8) comprises a first contact (81) and a second contact (82), both of which are fixedly connected to the control housing (61), and the first contact (81) and the second contact (82) are respectively electrically connected to the positive pole of the first wiring terminal (63) and the negative pole of the second wiring terminal (64), a pry bar (83) is sleeved on the first contact (81), and the pry bar (83) is rotatably connected to the top of the support rod (84), and a second compression elastic member (85) is provided between the pry bar (83) and the support rod (84), and the support rod (84) is fixedly connected to the control housing (61). ), an iron core (86) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the pry bar (83), an electromagnet (87) is arranged below the iron core (86), the electromagnet (87) is mounted on a switch box (88), the switch box (88) is fixed on the control housing (61), the switch box (88) is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the second wiring terminal (64), a press-to-hold switch (89) is arranged on one side of the switch box (88), the press-to-hold switch (89) is hingedly connected to the pry bar (83), a telescopic switch (810) is arranged on the control housing (61), and the telescopic switch (810) corresponds to the iron core (86).

9. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic load monitoring component includes a control module, a data processing module, a detection module and an execution module. The detection module includes: Wind speed sensor: used to detect the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the photovoltaic panel (1), and arranged on the purlin (23); A bending stress sensor: used for detecting the bending stress of the rotating shaft (21), and arranged on the rotating shaft (21); Torsion stress sensor: used to detect the torsional stress of the rotating shaft (21), which is arranged on the rotating shaft (21). A force sensor: used for detecting the bearing force of the auxiliary lifting support (33), and arranged on the auxiliary lifting support (33); A displacement sensor: used to detect the lifting displacement of the auxiliary lifting support (33), and arranged on the auxiliary lifting support (33); Angle sensor: used for detecting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel (1), which is arranged on the rotating shaft (21); The detection module is electrically connected to the data processing module, the control module is electrically connected to the data processing module and the execution module, and the control module controls the execution module to work based on the data results of the data processing module.

10. The photovoltaic module with automatic protection function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control module controls the execution module based on the data results of the data processing module, including the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the load factor B of the photovoltaic module based on the wind speed sensor, bending stress sensor, torsion stress sensor, force sensor, displacement sensor and angle sensor w : Among them B w is the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w , σ is the detection value of the bending stress sensor, S is the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel (1), θ is the detection value of the angle sensor, ρ is the density of the air, V is the detection value of the wind speed sensor, B is the width of the photovoltaic panel (1), L is the length of the rotating shaft (21), ε is the wind resistance correction coefficient, F is the detection value of the force sensor, x is the detection value of the displacement sensor, h is the maximum lifting height of the auxiliary lifting support (33), τ is the detection value of the torsion stress sensor, J is the moment of inertia of the rotating shaft (21), and R is the radius of the rotating shaft (21); Step 2: Based on the load factor B of the photovoltaic module w Calculate the action coefficient A of the photovoltaic module c And the action angle α: α=sin -1 (ln 1+B w )(3); where A c1 is the action coefficient of the photovoltaic module, α is the action angle of the photovoltaic module; Step 3: Data Processing Module Comparison A c1 and A c10 , when A c1 >A c10 When (A c10 The control module controls the execution model to drive the photovoltaic components to rotate to the horizontal level and then descend to connect with the protection components. c1 c10 When , the control module controls the execution module to drive the photovoltaic assembly to rotate to the action angle α.​

Images