A method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and provides a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link, comprising obtaining a loss value of a microwave communication link to generate a water vapor impact assessment value; generating a water vapor content prediction value according to the water vapor impact value; generating a rainfall trend assessment value according to rainfall conditions based on the water vapor content prediction value; judging the possibility of rainfall according to the rainfall trend evaluation value, and generating a rainfall prediction signal; the present invention can not only improve the accuracy of water vapor monitoring by analyzing the attenuation data of the microwave communication link during the transmission process and correcting the attenuation data of the microwave communication link during the transmission process; but also predict the possibility of rainfall based on the water vapor data obtained by analyzing the attenuation data of the microwave communication link during the transmission process and combining the rainfall conditions for prediction, thereby improving the accuracy of rainfall trend prediction through the microwave communication link.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of meteorological monitoring, and in particular to a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link. Background Art

[0002] Water vapor is a very important parameter in the atmosphere, which directly affects whether the weather is sunny, cloudy and has precipitation. It plays a key role in the energy and water cycle of the earth's climate system, and is also an important factor in the formation and evolution of disastrous weather. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the water vapor content in the atmosphere is important for weather forecasting.

[0003] With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, microwave communication links are not only widely used in the communication field, but also show great potential in meteorological monitoring; by monitoring the attenuation of microwave signals during transmission, the water vapor content in the atmosphere can be inferred, and then the rainfall trend can be predicted.

[0004] However, in practical applications, although water vapor can be monitored through the attenuation of microwave communication links during transmission, the attenuation of microwave communication links during transmission is also affected by some other factors, such as ground reflection, obstacle blocking, etc., which will cause attenuation of the signal of the microwave communication link during transmission, resulting in deviations in the accuracy of water vapor monitoring and inaccurate precipitation predictions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link, establish a water vapor impact assessment model, substitute the loss value into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generate a water vapor impact assessment value;

[0008] Generate a predicted value of water vapor content based on the water vapor impact value;

[0009] Based on the predicted value of water vapor content, a rainfall trend assessment model is established to obtain the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor. The predicted value of water vapor content, the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor are substituted into the rainfall trend assessment model to generate a rainfall trend assessment value.

[0010] Based on the rainfall trend assessment value, the possibility of rainfall is judged and a rainfall prediction signal is generated.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the loss value of the microwave communication link, establishing a water vapor impact assessment model, substituting the loss value into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generating a water vapor impact assessment value specifically includes:

[0012] Divide the target area into several sub-areas, set a microwave communication link in each sub-area, and obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link between each sub-area;

[0013] The loss value refers to the attenuation value of the microwave communication link when it propagates between two adjacent sub-areas, and the attenuation value refers to the power change value of the microwave signal during the transmission process;

[0014] Establishing a water vapor impact assessment model, substituting the loss value of the microwave communication link into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generating a water vapor impact assessment value g of the sub-area;

[0015] Among them, the expression of the water vapor impact assessment model is:

[0016] ;

[0017] In the expression, dB represents the loss value of the microwave communication link, LFs refers to the free space loss of the microwave communication link, C refers to the temperature factor, Z represents the obstacle factor, D represents the ground reflection factor, a1, a2, and a3 are all proportional coefficients, the value of a1 is 0.29±0.05, the value of a2 is 0.31±0.05, and the value of a3 is 0.28±0.05.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0019] Obtain the temperature value in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the temperature value and the middle value of the standard temperature range, and generate a temperature difference value; the standard temperature range refers to the temperature requirement range within which the microwave communication link will not cause propagation loss during communication;

[0020] The temperature difference is compared with the middle value of the standard temperature range to generate the temperature factor.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the barrier factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0022] Obtain the area occupied by obstacles in the sub-region, perform a ratio processing on the area occupied by obstacles and the area of ​​the sub-region to generate the obstacle area ratio;

[0023] Obtain the number of obstacles in the sub-area, perform a ratio process on the number of obstacles and the area occupied by the obstacles, and generate the obstacle density;

[0024] The obstacle factor is generated by taking the weighted sum of the obstacle area ratio and the obstacle density.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ground reflection factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0026] Obtain the ground reflection coefficient in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the ground reflection coefficient and the standard ground reflection coefficient, and generate the ground reflection coefficient difference;

[0027] The ground reflection coefficient difference is processed by ratio processing with the standard ground reflection coefficient to generate the ground reflection factor.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, generating a water vapor content prediction value according to the water vapor impact value specifically includes:

[0029] Establishing a conversion model, substituting the water vapor impact assessment value g into the conversion model to generate a water vapor content assessment value Q of the sub-region;

[0030] Among them, the expression of the conversion model is:

[0031] ;

[0032] In the expression, α represents the coefficient of influence of water vapor content on the loss of microwave communication link;

[0033] The water vapor content assessment values ​​Q of all sub-areas are averaged to generate the water vapor content prediction value.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0035] The specific method for generating rainfall trend assessment values ​​includes:

[0036] Establishing a rainfall trend assessment model, substituting the water vapor content prediction value into the rainfall trend assessment model to generate a rainfall trend assessment value J;

[0037] Wherein, the expression of the rainfall trend assessment model is:

[0038] ;

[0039] In the expression, RQ represents the predicted value of water vapor content, RQ0 represents the minimum water vapor content required for rainfall, M represents the air condensation nucleus factor, and K represents the air climb factor; β, γ, and ω are all weight coefficients, and β+γ+ω=1.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air condensation nucleus factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0041] Acquire the particle data of the air in the target area; wherein the particle data includes the particle content and the particle size;

[0042] Performing difference processing on the particle content and the particle standard content to generate a particle content difference;

[0043] The difference in particle content is processed by ratio with the standard particle content to generate a particle content evaluation value;

[0044] Subtract the particle size from the particle standard size to generate the particle volume difference;

[0045] The particle volume difference is processed by ratio processing with the particle standard size to generate a particle size evaluation value;

[0046] The particle content evaluation value and the particle size evaluation value are weighted and summed to generate the air condensation nucleus factor.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air climb factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0048] Get the average height of the terrain that can cause air to rise in the target area, and perform a difference process between the average height and the height required for rainfall to generate a height difference; the height required for rainfall refers to the height at which water vapor can condense;

[0049] The height difference is processed by ratio with the height required for rainfall to generate a height evaluation value;

[0050] The air convection intensity of the target area is obtained, and the difference between the air convection intensity and the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall is calculated to obtain the convection intensity difference; the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall refers to the minimum convection intensity of the convective air for making water vapor climb to the required height;

[0051] The convective intensity difference is processed by ratio with the minimum value of air convective intensity required for rainfall to generate a convective intensity evaluation value;

[0052] The air climb factor is generated by weighted summing the altitude evaluation value and the convection intensity evaluation value.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, judging the possibility of rainfall according to the rainfall trend evaluation value and generating a rainfall prediction signal specifically includes:

[0054] Compare the rainfall trend assessment value J with the rainfall trend assessment threshold;

[0055] If the rainfall trend assessment value J is less than or equal to the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the smaller the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the smaller the rainfall possibility in the target area is, and a small rainfall possibility signal is generated;

[0056] If the rainfall trend assessment value J is greater than the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the larger the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the greater the possibility of rainfall in the target area is, and a high rainfall possibility signal is generated.

[0057] The present invention provides a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link. The method can not only analyze and correct the attenuation data of the microwave communication link during the transmission process, thereby improving the accuracy of water vapor monitoring; it can also predict the possibility of rainfall based on the water vapor data obtained by analyzing the attenuation data of the microwave communication link during the transmission process and combining it with rainfall conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of rainfall trend prediction through the microwave communication link. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of step S30 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of step S40 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on a microwave communication link is provided in one embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S10: Obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link and generate a water vapor impact assessment value;

[0065] S20: Generate a water vapor content prediction value according to the water vapor impact value;

[0066] S30: generating a rainfall trend assessment value according to rainfall conditions based on the water vapor content prediction value;

[0067] S40: judging the possibility of rainfall according to the rainfall trend evaluation value, and generating a rainfall prediction signal;

[0068] Preferably, the step S10 specifically includes:

[0069] Divide the target area into several sub-areas, set a microwave communication link in each sub-area, and obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link between each sub-area;

[0070] The loss value refers to the attenuation value of the microwave communication link when it propagates between two adjacent sub-areas, and the attenuation value refers to the power change value of the microwave signal during the transmission process;

[0071] Establish a water vapor impact assessment model, substitute the loss value of the microwave communication link into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generate the water vapor impact assessment value g of the sub-area;

[0072] Among them, the expression of the water vapor impact assessment model is:

[0073] ;

[0074] In the expression, dB represents the loss value of the microwave communication link, LFs refers to the free space loss of the microwave communication link, C refers to the temperature factor, Z represents the obstacle factor, D represents the ground reflection factor, a1, a2, and a3 are all proportional coefficients, the value of a1 is 0.29±0.05, the value of a2 is 0.31±0.05, and the value of a3 is 0.28±0.05;

[0075] It should be explained that the free space loss LFs of a microwave communication link refers to the loss caused by the natural diffusion of energy during the propagation of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna as the propagation distance increases; this loss is a basic phenomenon in the propagation of radio waves, reflecting the energy loss of spherical waves when they diffuse in space; for example, the free space loss LFs of a microwave communication link can be generated by the equation LFs=92.4+20lgF+20lgd, where LFS is the free space loss of the microwave communication link, F is the transmission frequency, and d is the transmission distance. This calculation formula is an existing formula and will not be repeated here;

[0076] Preferably, the temperature factor is obtained as follows:

[0077] Obtain the temperature value in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the temperature value and the middle value of the standard temperature range, and generate a temperature difference value; the standard temperature range refers to the temperature requirement range within which the microwave communication link will not cause propagation loss during communication;

[0078] The temperature difference is compared with the middle value of the standard temperature range to generate the temperature factor.

[0079] Preferably, the barrier factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0080] Obtain the area occupied by obstacles in the sub-region, perform a ratio processing on the area occupied by obstacles and the area of ​​the sub-region to generate the obstacle area ratio;

[0081] Then obtain the number of obstacles in the sub-area, perform a ratio process on the number of obstacles and the area occupied by the obstacles to generate the obstacle density;

[0082] The obstacle factor is generated by taking the weighted sum of the obstacle area ratio and the obstacle density.

[0083] Preferably, the ground reflection factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0084] Obtain the ground reflection coefficient in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the ground reflection coefficient and the standard ground reflection coefficient, and generate the ground reflection coefficient difference;

[0085] The ground reflection coefficient refers to the coefficient obtained based on the ground type, ground roughness, ground humidity and microwave frequency. This technology is an existing technology and can be obtained by radar scatterometer and other methods;

[0086] The ground reflection coefficient difference is compared with the standard ground reflection coefficient to generate the ground reflection factor.

[0087] Preferably, the step S20 specifically includes:

[0088] Establish a conversion model, substitute the water vapor impact assessment value g into the conversion model, and generate the water vapor content assessment value Q of the sub-region;

[0089] The expression of the transformation model is:

[0090] ;

[0091] In the expression, α represents the coefficient of influence of water vapor content on the loss of microwave communication link;

[0092] The method for obtaining the value of the coefficient α of the influence of water vapor content on the loss of the microwave communication link includes performing linear regression processing on the signal strength of the microwave signal link to generate the coefficient α of the influence of water vapor content on the loss of the microwave communication link. The algorithm is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0093] The water vapor content assessment values ​​Q of all sub-areas are averaged to generate the water vapor content prediction value.

[0094] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the step S30 specifically includes:

[0095] Establish a rainfall trend assessment model, obtain the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor, substitute the water vapor content prediction value, the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor into the rainfall trend assessment model, and generate the rainfall trend assessment value J;

[0096] Among them, the expression of rainfall trend assessment model is:

[0097] ;

[0098] In the expression, RQ represents the predicted value of water vapor content, RQ0 represents the minimum water vapor content required for rainfall, M represents the air condensation nucleus factor, and K represents the air climb factor; β, γ, and ω are all weight coefficients, and β+γ+ω=1.

[0099] Preferably, the air condensation nucleus factor is obtained by:

[0100] Acquire the particle data of the air in the target area; wherein the particle data includes the particle content and the particle size;

[0101] It should be explained that the data on particulate matter in the air can be obtained through existing means, such as online particulate matter monitoring equipment, particle collection instruments, air quality detectors and other instruments to obtain the data on particulate matter in the air;

[0102] Performing difference processing on the particle content and the particle standard content to generate a particle content difference;

[0103] The difference in particle content is processed by ratio with the standard particle content to generate a particle content evaluation value;

[0104] Subtract the particle size from the particle standard size to generate the particle volume difference;

[0105] The particle volume difference is processed by ratio processing with the particle standard size to generate a particle size evaluation value;

[0106] The particle content evaluation value and the particle size evaluation value are weighted and summed to generate the air condensation nucleus factor.

[0107] Preferably, the air climb factor is obtained in the following manner:

[0108] Obtain the average height of the terrain that can cause air rise in the target area, perform subtraction processing on the average height and the height required for rainfall to generate the height difference;

[0109] It should be explained that the required height for rainfall refers to the height at which water vapor can condense. The height is determined based on the temperature required for water vapor condensation. The temperature gradient corresponding to the temperature at different heights is obtained based on the weather, air pressure and other data of the target area. This technology is an existing technology and will not be described here.

[0110] The height difference is processed by ratio with the height required for rainfall to generate a height evaluation value;

[0111] The air convection intensity in the target area is obtained, and the difference between the air convection intensity and the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall is calculated to obtain the convection intensity difference;

[0112] It should be explained that the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall refers to the minimum convection intensity for the convective air to make the water vapor climb to the required height;

[0113] The convective intensity difference is processed by ratio with the minimum value of air convective intensity required for rainfall to generate a convective intensity evaluation value;

[0114] The air climb factor is generated by weighted summing the altitude evaluation value and the convection intensity evaluation value.

[0115] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the step S40 specifically includes:

[0116] Compare the rainfall trend assessment value J with the rainfall trend assessment threshold; wherein, the method for obtaining the rainfall trend assessment threshold is the same as the method for obtaining the rainfall trend assessment value J, which will not be described in detail here, and its value is set by relevant personnel in this field;

[0117] If the rainfall trend assessment value J is less than or equal to the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the smaller the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the smaller the rainfall possibility in the target area is, and a small rainfall possibility signal is generated;

[0118] If the rainfall trend assessment value J is greater than the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the larger the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the greater the possibility of rainfall in the target area is, and a high rainfall possibility signal is generated.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link, establish a water vapor impact assessment model, substitute the loss value into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generate a water vapor impact assessment value; Generate a predicted value of water vapor content based on the water vapor impact value; Based on the predicted value of water vapor content, a rainfall trend assessment model is established to obtain the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor. The predicted value of water vapor content, the air condensation nucleus factor and the air climbing factor are substituted into the rainfall trend assessment model to generate a rainfall trend assessment value. According to the rainfall trend assessment value, the possibility of rainfall is judged and a rainfall prediction signal is generated; Among them, the expression of the water vapor impact assessment model is: ； In the expression, dB represents the loss value of the microwave communication link, LFs refers to the free space loss of the microwave communication link, C refers to the temperature factor, Z represents the obstacle factor, D represents the ground reflection factor, a1, a2, and a3 are all proportional coefficients, the value of a1 is 0.29±0.05, the value of a2 is 0.31±0.05, and the value of a3 is 0.28±0.

05.

2. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining the loss value of the microwave communication link, establishing a water vapor impact assessment model, substituting the loss value into the water vapor impact assessment model, and generating a water vapor impact assessment value specifically includes: Divide the target area into several sub-areas, set a microwave communication link in each sub-area, and obtain the loss value of the microwave communication link between each sub-area; The loss value refers to the attenuation value of the microwave communication link when it propagates between two adjacent sub-areas, and the attenuation value refers to the power change value of the microwave signal during the transmission process; A water vapor impact assessment model is established, and the loss value of the microwave communication link is substituted into the water vapor impact assessment model to generate a water vapor impact assessment value g of the sub-area.

3. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The temperature factor is obtained as follows: Obtain the temperature value in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the temperature value and the middle value of the standard temperature range, and generate a temperature difference value; the standard temperature range refers to the temperature requirement range within which the microwave communication link will not cause propagation loss during communication; The temperature difference is compared with the middle value of the standard temperature range to generate the temperature factor.

4. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The barrier factor is obtained as follows: Obtain the area occupied by obstacles in the sub-region, perform a ratio processing on the area occupied by obstacles and the area of ​​the sub-region to generate the obstacle area ratio; Obtain the number of obstacles in the sub-area, perform a ratio process on the number of obstacles and the area occupied by the obstacles, and generate the obstacle density; The obstacle factor is generated by taking the weighted sum of the obstacle area ratio and the obstacle density.

5. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ground reflection factor is obtained as follows: Obtain the ground reflection coefficient in the sub-area, perform difference processing on the ground reflection coefficient and the standard ground reflection coefficient, and generate the ground reflection coefficient difference; The ground reflection coefficient difference is processed by ratio processing with the standard ground reflection coefficient to generate the ground reflection factor.

6. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generating of the water vapor content prediction value according to the water vapor impact value specifically includes: Establishing a conversion model, substituting the water vapor impact assessment value g into the conversion model to generate a water vapor content assessment value Q of the sub-region; Among them, the expression of the conversion model is: ； In the expression, α represents the coefficient of influence of water vapor content on the loss of microwave communication link; The water vapor content assessment values ​​Q of all sub-areas are averaged to generate the water vapor content prediction value.

7. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The generation method of the rainfall trend assessment value specifically includes: Establishing a rainfall trend assessment model, substituting the water vapor content prediction value into the rainfall trend assessment model to generate a rainfall trend assessment value J; Wherein, the expression of the rainfall trend assessment model is: ; In the expression, RQ represents the predicted value of water vapor content, RQ0 represents the minimum water vapor content required for rainfall, M represents the air condensation nucleus factor, and K represents the air climb factor; β, γ, and ω are all weight coefficients, and β+γ+ω=1.

8. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The air condensation nucleus factor is obtained in the following manner: Acquire the particle data of the air in the target area; wherein the particle data includes the particle content and the particle size; Performing difference processing on the particle content and the particle standard content to generate a particle content difference; The difference in particle content is processed by ratio with the standard particle content to generate a particle content evaluation value; Subtract the particle size from the particle standard size to generate the particle volume difference; The particle volume difference is processed by ratio processing with the particle standard size to generate a particle size evaluation value; The particle content evaluation value and the particle size evaluation value are weighted and summed to generate the air condensation nucleus factor.

9. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The air climb factor is obtained as follows: Get the average height of the terrain that can cause air to rise in the target area, and perform a difference process between the average height and the height required for rainfall to generate a height difference; the height required for rainfall refers to the height at which water vapor can condense; The height difference is processed by ratio with the height required for rainfall to generate a height evaluation value; The air convection intensity of the target area is obtained, and the difference between the air convection intensity and the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall is calculated to obtain the convection intensity difference; the minimum value of the air convection intensity required for rainfall refers to the minimum convection intensity of the convective air for making water vapor climb to the required height; The convective intensity difference is processed by ratio with the minimum value of air convective intensity required for rainfall to generate a convective intensity evaluation value; The air climb factor is generated by weighted summing the altitude evaluation value and the convection intensity evaluation value.

10. The method for water vapor monitoring and rainfall trend prediction based on microwave communication link according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of judging the possibility of rainfall according to the rainfall trend evaluation value and generating a rainfall prediction signal specifically includes: Compare the rainfall trend assessment value J with the rainfall trend assessment threshold; If the rainfall trend assessment value J is less than or equal to the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the smaller the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the smaller the rainfall possibility in the target area is, and a small rainfall possibility signal is generated; If the rainfall trend assessment value J is greater than the rainfall trend assessment threshold, it means that the larger the rainfall trend assessment value J is, the greater the possibility of rainfall in the target area is, and a high rainfall possibility signal is generated.

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