Laser scanning device and laser scanning method

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser scanning device and a laser scanning method. The laser scanning device comprises a laser light source, and a line scanning assembly, a spiral scanning assembly and a rotary scanning assembly which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of laser emitted by the laser light source; the line scanning assembly is used for generating a line scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path, the spiral scanning assembly is used for generating a spiral scanning path, and the rotary scanning assembly is used for generating a rotary scanning path. According to the laser scanning device, the scanning efficiency can be effectively improved, and the operation time is shortened, so that the injury risk of a patient in an operation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser scanning technology, and in particular to a laser scanning device and a laser scanning method. Background Art

[0002] With the development of laser technology, the application of laser in ophthalmic surgery is becoming more and more widespread. In related technologies, the application of laser in refractive surgery includes laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) or femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Among them, SMILE has the advantages of small incision and fast postoperative recovery. However, the current SMILE operation takes a long time and is easy to cause damage to the patient during the operation. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a laser scanning device and a laser scanning method to address the problem of long SMILE surgery time.

[0004] A laser scanning device comprises a laser light source and a line scanning component, a spiral scanning component and a rotation scanning component which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser emitted by the laser light source;

[0005] The line scanning component is used to generate a line scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path, the spiral scanning component is used to generate a spiral scanning path, and the rotation scanning component is used to generate a rotation scanning path.

[0006] The above-mentioned laser scanning device uses the line scanning path or concentric circle scanning path generated by the line scanning component as the basis, the spiral scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component as the approximate path of the laser scanning device, and superimposes the rotating scanning path generated by the rotating scanning component on the scanning path. The superposition of the three paths is conducive to improving the scanning efficiency, shortening the operation time, and thus reducing the risk of injury to the patient during the operation. At the same time, it can also form a tighter scanning path, making the scanning more complete, forming a denser bubble, and more conducive to separating the part to be cut from the cornea. In addition, the reasonable combination of the three scanning paths can also reduce the probability of overlapping scanning paths, which is conducive to improving the scanning efficiency and reducing the risk of damage to the patient caused by repeated laser scanning.

[0007] In one embodiment, the spiral scanning assembly includes a first reflective element and a second reflective element, the first reflective element and the second reflective element can be deflected to adjust the scanning path, and the adjustment directions of the first reflective element and the second reflective element are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] In one embodiment, the line scanning component includes a first line scanning element and a second line scanning element, the second line scanning element is used to generate a line scanning path, and the line scanning path generated by the second line scanning element is along the normal direction of the spiral scanning path, and the first line scanning element is used to adjust the spacing between each scanning point of the line scanning path on the spiral scanning path.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first line scanning element comprises a scanning galvanometer or a multi-faceted scanning mirror, and the second line scanning element has at least two reflective surfaces inclined to each other, and the second line scanning element can be deflected to adjust the scanning path of the light.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the line scanning assembly further includes a beam expander lens group and a collimating element, and the beam expander lens group, the first line scanning element, the second line scanning element and the collimating element are arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light path.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the rotating scanning component includes a deflection mirror, the outgoing light and the incident light of the deflection mirror are inclined with respect to each other, and the deflection mirror is configured to be able to rotate around the propagation direction of the light path.

[0012] In one embodiment, the rotating scanning assembly further includes a driving element, a first transmission element and a second transmission element, the first transmission element is connected to the driving end of the driving element and is transmission-connected to the second transmission element, and the deflection mirror is fixed to the second transmission element.

[0013] In one embodiment, the laser scanning device also includes a focusing assembly placed behind the rotating scanning assembly along the propagation direction of the laser, the focusing assembly includes a lifting platform and a focusing lens arranged on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is configured to be able to move along the propagation direction of the light path.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the laser scanning device further includes an adsorption component, wherein the adsorption component is used to adsorb the target object, and the lifting platform is movably connected to the adsorption component.

[0015] In one embodiment, the adsorption component includes a retaining member and a contact lens disposed on the retaining member, the retaining member and the contact lens are used to adsorb the target object, the contact lens is capable of allowing laser to pass through, and the surface of the contact lens used to contact the target object is a curved surface.

[0016] In one embodiment, the laser scanning device also includes an illumination light source, a beam splitter and an imaging element. The beam splitter is arranged between the line scanning component and the spiral scanning component along the propagation direction of the light path. The beam splitter has a beam splitting surface, and the beam splitting surface is configured to reflect the laser emitted by the laser light source and transmit the illumination light emitted by the illumination light source. The beam splitting surface is arranged corresponding to the light output side of the line scanning component and the light input side of the spiral scanning component. The imaging element is arranged on the side of the beam splitter facing away from the spiral scanning component.

[0017] A laser scanning method, comprising:

[0018] Firing lasers;

[0019] Adjusting the scanning path of the laser to produce a straight scanning path or a concentric circular scanning path;

[0020] adjusting a scanning path of the laser to produce a spiral scanning path;

[0021] The scanning path of the laser is adjusted to produce a rotating scanning path. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser scanning device in some embodiments.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a scanning path in which a scanning path of a spiral scanning component is superimposed on a scanning path of a linear scanning component in some embodiments.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of three scanning paths of a line scanning component in some embodiments.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the line scanning component in some embodiments.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating scanning assembly and the focusing assembly in some embodiments.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption component adsorbing the eyeball in some embodiments.

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the optical path of illumination light received by an imaging element in some embodiments.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100. Laser scanning device; 110. Laser light source; 120. Line scanning assembly; 1201. First line scanning element; 1202. Second line scanning element; 1203. Rotation sensor; 1204. Beam expander; 1205. Collimation element; 1206. Spectral element; 1207. Beam quality analyzer; 130. Rotation scanning assembly; 1301. Deflection mirror; 1302. Driving element; 1303. First transmission element; 1304. Second transmission element; 140. Spiral scanning assembly; 1401. First reflecting element; 1402. Second reflecting element; 150. Focusing assembly; 1501. Lifting platform; 1502. Focusing lens; 160. Adsorption assembly; 1601. Holder; 1602. Contact lens; 180. Spectral mirror; 190. Image pickup element; 192. Beam adjustment assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0033] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0037] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser scanning device 100 in some embodiments. The laser scanning device 100 provided in the present application can be used in refractive surgery, for example, in all-femtosecond laser small incision corneal stromal lens extraction (SMILE), the laser scanning device 100 can provide laser scanning of the corneal stroma of the patient's eyeball, and manufacture a microlens in the corneal stroma to facilitate the removal of the microlens to achieve vision correction. Vision correction through SMILE can reduce the size of the incision and speed up corneal recovery after surgery, reducing the risk of damage to patients caused by refractive surgery.

[0038] In some embodiments, the laser scanning device 100 includes a laser light source 110, a line scanning component 120, a rotation scanning component 130, and a spiral scanning component 140. The laser light source 110 is configured to emit laser light, for example, femtosecond laser light. The line scanning component 120, the rotation scanning component 130, and the spiral scanning component 140 are configured to adjust the scanning path of the laser light, and the line scanning component 120, the spiral scanning component 140, and the rotation scanning component 130 are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser light. It can be understood that the regulating effects of the line scanning component 120, the rotation scanning component 130, and the spiral scanning component 140 on the laser scanning path are mutually coordinated. After the line scanning component 120, the rotation scanning component 130, and the spiral scanning component 140 jointly adjust the laser light, the scanning path of the laser light finally emitted from the laser scanning device 100 on the corneal stroma can be changed. In some embodiments, the scanning paths corresponding to the line scanning assembly 120, the rotation scanning assembly 130, and the spiral scanning assembly 140 are different from each other. In other words, the scanning path of the laser emitted after adjustment by the line scanning assembly 120, the rotation scanning assembly 130, and the spiral scanning assembly 140 can be a superposition of three different scanning paths. In some embodiments, the line scanning assembly 120 is used to generate a line scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path, the spiral scanning assembly 140 is used to generate a spiral scanning path, and the rotation scanning assembly 130 is used to generate a rotation scanning path.

[0039] Since the line scanning component 120, the spiral scanning component 140, and the rotation scanning component 130 are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the optical path, the scanning path finally formed by the laser scanning device 100 is based on the line scanning path or the concentric circle scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120, the spiral scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140 is used as the approximate path of the laser scanning device, and the rotation scanning path generated by the rotation scanning component 130 is superimposed on the scanning path generated by the superposition of the line scanning component 120 and the spiral scanning path 140. In some embodiments, when the line scanning component 120 completes one scanning cycle, the rotation scanning component 130 can complete multiple scanning cycles, and when the spiral scanning component 140 completes one scanning cycle, the line scanning component 120 can complete multiple scanning cycles.

[0040] The above-mentioned laser scanning device 100 reasonably designs the scanning paths and arrangement order of the rotating scanning component 130, the line scanning component 120 and the spiral scanning component 140, so that the laser scanning device 100 can form a scanning path in which the three scanning paths are superimposed, which is conducive to improving the scanning efficiency, shortening the operation time, and thus reducing the risk of injury to the patient during the operation. At the same time, it can also form a tighter scanning path, making the scanning more complete, forming a denser bubble, and being more conducive to separating and removing the part to be cut (microlens) from the cornea. In addition, the reasonable combination of the three scanning paths, on the basis of superimposing multiple scanning paths, can also reduce the probability of overlapping scanning paths, which is conducive to improving the scanning efficiency and reducing the risk of injury to the patient caused by repeated laser scanning.

[0041] It can be understood that when the laser scanning device 100 provided by the present application is used in refractive surgery, the laser beam can be first focused on the rear surface of the cornea for scanning to separate the corneal area into multiple line units or circular unit grids, and the scanning plane is scanned by the roughly spiral laser scanning path adjusted by the line scanning component 120, the spiral scanning component 140 and the rotating scanning component 130, so that each unit grid forms a dense bubble, and the entire plane is scanned along the spiral scanning path, so that the entire scanning plane forms a circle of bubbles. Then, it is focused on the front surface of the corneal thickness required for setting the refractive correction, and the roughly spiral laser scanning path is completed again, so as to form a microlens, and the refractive surgery is completed by taking out the microlens.

[0042] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the path generated by the spiral scanning component 140 can be substantially a spiral path, such as Figure 2 The path 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a substantially spiral path, and the scanning path that the laser scanning device 100 finally emits onto the corneal stroma is a substantially spiral path. Figure 2 The complete spiral scanning path 10 shown can be regarded as a scanning cycle of the spiral scanning component 140. The laser scanning device 100 is based on the line scanning path or concentric circle scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120. In other words, the scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120 is superimposed on the scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140, for example Figure 2 and Figure 3 The composite path 11 shown can be regarded as a scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120, wherein a circle in the composite path 11 can be regarded as a scanning cycle of the line scanning component 120. Figure 2 Combination Figure 3The composite path 11 shown includes multiple circles, which is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding that the scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120 is superimposed on the scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140. The scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120 is not necessarily circular.

[0043] refer to Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the line scanning component 120 is used to generate a straight line scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path. For example, the line scanning component 120 is used to generate Figure 3 When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate any of the paths 13, 14 or 15 shown in FIG. Figure 3 When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate path 13 as shown, the line scanning component 120 can be used to generate multiple straight paths, and each straight path is consistent with the normal of the spiral scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140, and each straight path can be regarded as a scanning cycle of the line scanning component 120. When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate path 14, the line scanning component 120 is also used to generate straight paths, and the next straight path generated by the line scanning component 120 is rotated relative to the previous straight path. When the straight path generated by the line scanning component 120 rotates 360°, it can be regarded that the line scanning component 120 has completed a scanning cycle. When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate path 15, the line scanning component 120 is used to generate concentric circle paths of different diameters, and cooperates with the rotation of the rotating scanning component 130. When the concentric circle path generated by the line scanning component 120 scans from the largest diameter to the smallest diameter concentric circle, it can be regarded that the line scanning component 120 has completed a scanning cycle.

[0044] In some embodiments, the rotation scanning component 130 is used to generate a rotation scanning path. The scanning path generated by the rotation scanning component 130 is superimposed on the scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120 to form a composite path 11, which is then superimposed on the spiral scanning path 10 of the spiral scanning component 140 to finally form a scanning surface. For example, Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the circular path superimposed on the scanning path 13, 14 or 15 generated by the line scanning component 120 can be regarded as the scanning path generated by the rotating scanning component 130, and each circle can be regarded as a scanning cycle of the rotating scanning component 130. It can be seen from the above description that the scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140 is superimposed on the scanning path of the line scanning component 120, and the scanning path of the rotating scanning component 130 is superimposed on the scanning path of the line scanning component 120. When the spiral scanning component 140 completes a spiral scanning path, the laser scanning device 100 can complete a complete scan of a surface under the cooperation of the line scanning component 120 and the rotating scanning component 130, which is conducive to improving the scanning efficiency, shortening the scanning time, and at the same time, dense bubbles can be obtained to form a sufficient scanning effect.

[0045] The specific configuration of the spiral scanning component 140 is not limited, as long as it can generate a spiral scanning path. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the spiral scanning assembly 140 includes a first reflective element 1401 and a second reflective element 1402, the first reflective element 1401 can reflect the laser to the second reflective element 1402, and the second reflective element 1402 can reflect the laser toward the direction of the human eye. The first reflective element 1401 and the second reflective element 1402 can both be reflectors, and the scanning path of the laser can be adjusted by deflecting the first reflective element 1401 and the second reflective element 1402, and the adjustment directions of the first reflective element 1401 and the second reflective element 1402 are perpendicular to each other. For example, the scanning path of the laser in the X direction on the projection plane can be adjusted by deflecting the first reflective element 1401, and the scanning path of the laser in the Y direction on the projection plane can be adjusted by deflecting the second reflective element 1402, and the X direction and the Y direction constitute a plane rectangular coordinate system on the projection plane. By deflecting the first reflective element 1401 and the second reflective element 1402, a spiral scanning path can be formed on the projection plane.

[0046] The specific configuration of the line scanning component 120 is not limited, as long as it can generate a straight scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path superimposed on the scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the line scanning component 120 includes a first line scanning element 1201 and a second line scanning element 1202, both of which can adjust the scanning path of the laser, and the scanning path of the second line scanning element 1202 is along the normal line of the scanning path of the spiral scanning component 140, and the first line scanning element 1201 is used to adjust the spacing of the scanning path of the second line scanning element 1202 on the scanning path of the spiral scanning component 140. Specifically, when the line scanning component 120 is used to generate the following Figure 3When the path 13 is shown, the second line scanning element 1202 is used to generate a straight line scanning path, and the first line scanning element 1201 is used to adjust the spacing of different straight line scanning paths generated by the rotating scanning element. In other words, the second line scanning element 1202 is used to generate a linear scanning path of one cycle, and the first line scanning element 1201 is used to adjust the laser to the position of the next linear scanning path after the second line scanning element 1202 completes a linear scanning path of one cycle, so that the second line scanning element 1202 can complete the next linear scanning path. When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate path 14, the second line scanning element 1202 is used to generate a linear scanning path, and the fast scanning component is used to adjust the linear scanning path generated by the second line scanning element 1202 after the second line scanning element 1202 generates a linear scanning path, so that the linear scanning path generates a rotation angle. When the line scanning component 120 is used to generate the path 15, the second line scanning element 1202 can also be used to generate a straight line scanning path. The first line scanning element 1201 is used to adjust the displacement of the straight line scanning path generated by the second line scanning element 1202 in a direction perpendicular to the straight line, and cooperate with the rotational scanning motion generated by the rotational scanning component 130. The first line scanning element 1201, the second line scanning element 1202 and the rotational scanning component 130 cooperate to generate the path 15.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first line scanning element 1201 may be a scanning galvanometer or a multi-faceted scanning mirror. The laser scanning path can be adjusted by deflecting the first line scanning element 1201. The second line scanning element 1202 has at least two mutually inclined reflection surfaces. The scanning path of the light can be adjusted by deflecting the second line scanning element 1202. For example, the second line scanning element 1202 may include three mutually inclined reflection surfaces, one of which is connected to the other two reflection surfaces, and the angle between one of the reflection surfaces and the other two reflection surfaces may be equivalent. In other words, the three reflection surfaces may roughly form a K shape. The scanning distance of the first line scanning element 1201 may be 0.4 mm-1 mm, which may be specifically designed according to the scanning path required by the line scanning component 120. The line scanning assembly 120 may be provided with a transmission element such as a pulley or a gear structure to control the deflection of the second line scanning element 1202. The transmission ratio of the transmission element for controlling the deflection of the second line scanning element 1202 may be 1:3. On the basis of realizing a 360° rotation of the light beam so that the scanning path of the second line scanning element 1202 is maintained in the normal direction of the scanning path of the spiral scanning assembly 140, the size of the transmission element can be reduced, thereby compressing the occupied space of the laser scanning device 100. In some embodiments, the line scanning assembly 120 may also be provided with a rotation sensor 1203 connected to the second line scanning element 1202. The rotation sensor 1203 is used to monitor the rotation angle and number of rotations of the second line scanning element 1202 to accurately control the laser scanning path.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the rotating scanning assembly 130 includes a deflecting mirror 1301, and the deflecting mirror 1301 can rotate around the propagation direction of the light path. The outgoing light of the deflecting mirror 1301 is inclined to the incident light. In other words, the deflecting mirror 1301 can deflect the light path. By rotating the deflecting mirror 1301, the laser scanning path can be adjusted to generate a rotating scanning path. In some embodiments, the rotating scanning assembly 130 also includes a driving element 1302, a first transmission element 1303 and a second transmission element 1304. The first transmission element 1303 and the second transmission element 1304 can be any suitable transmission element such as a gear, and the driving element 1302 can be a motor or an electric motor. The first transmission element 1303 is connected to the driving end of the driving element 1302 and is in transmission connection with the second transmission element 1304. The deflecting mirror 1301 is fixed in the second transmission element 1304. The driving element 1302 can drive the first transmission element 1303 to rotate, thereby driving the second transmission element 1304 to rotate through the first transmission element 1303 to realize the rotation of the deflecting mirror 1301 .

[0049] It should be noted that the scanning path of the laser scanning device 100 on the corneal stroma is not necessarily located only on a two-dimensional plane. In order to adapt to the curved surface shape of the eyeball and the microlens to be cut, the scanning path may undergo a three-dimensional displacement in the direction of light propagation. Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the laser scanning device 100 may further include a focusing assembly 150, which includes a lifting platform 1501 and a focusing lens 1502 disposed in the lifting platform 1501. The lifting platform 1501 is configured to drive the focusing lens 1502 to move along the propagation direction of the light path to adjust the focusing position of the laser on the corneal stroma, thereby adjusting the scanning position of the laser in the light propagation direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the projection plane).

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the second transmission element 1304 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 1501, and the second transmission element 1304 and the lifting platform 1501 are combined into an integral structure, so that the deflection mirror 1301 and the focusing lens 1502 can move synchronously, while compressing the occupied space of the laser scanning device 100, it can also improve the accuracy of the optical path coordination between the deflection mirror 1301 and the focusing lens 1502.

[0051] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in some embodiments, the line scanning assembly 120 also includes a beam expander lens group 1204 and a collimator element 1205. The beam expander lens group 1204 may include one or more lenses with optical focal length. The beam expander lens group 1204 can expand the laser emitted by the laser light source 110 to increase the diameter of the light beam. The collimator element 1205 may be a positive lens. The collimator element 1205 can collimate the light beam to improve the linearity of the light beam, thereby improving the scanning effect. In some embodiments, the beam expander lens group 1204, the first line scanning element 1201, the second line scanning element 1202, and the collimator element 1205 are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the optical path. In this arrangement, the light beam is expanded and then collimated, which can provide a laser beam with a sufficiently large spot diameter and good linearity, thereby improving the scanning effect. At the same time, the expansion lens group 1204, the collimating element 1205 cooperate with the focusing lens 1502 at the rear end, which can effectively increase the spot diameter and compress the divergence angle of the light beam, so that a laser beam that is small enough and has strong enough energy can be obtained after the focusing lens 1502. For example, the focusing lens 1502 can focus the expanded laser beam to 2um-7um, which can produce smaller bubbles on the cornea, improve the scanning effect of the laser beam, and improve the quality of surgery.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the laser scanning device 100 may further include an adsorption component 160, which is used to adsorb the target object during surgery, such as adsorbing the eyeball, so as to maintain the position of the eyeball during surgery and improve the scanning accuracy. The adsorption component 160 can adsorb the eyeball through vacuum adsorption. For example, in some embodiments, the adsorption component 160 may include a holder 1601, a contact lens 1602, a vacuum pump, and a gas tank. The contact lens 1602 is provided on the holder 1601 and is used to contact the eyeball. The contact lens 1602 may be made of transparent glass or plastic, and the laser beam can penetrate the contact lens 1602 and shoot onto the eyeball. The vacuum pump and the gas tank cooperate to adsorb the eyeball onto the contact lens 1602 and the holder 1601.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the lifting platform 1501 is movably connected to the adsorption component 160, for example, the lifting platform 1501 is movably connected to the retaining member 1601 through a traction device such as a gear or a slide rod. Thus, when the eyeball is adsorbed on the adsorption component 160, the lifting platform 1501 and the adsorption component 160 can be softly connected, and the lifting platform 1501 will not pull the eyeball when moving, which is conducive to reducing the risk of patient injury during surgery.

[0054] In some embodiments, the surface of the contact lens 1602 that contacts the target object is a curved surface. For example, the shape of the surface of the contact lens 1602 that faces the eyeball can be a curved surface that adapts to the shape of the eyeball. It is understandable that if the surface of the contact lens 1602 that contacts the eyeball is a plane, when the microlens formed by scanning is to be removed, the thickness of the microlens will cause a vertical height difference at the edge of the microlens, making it difficult to remove the microlens, and it is easy to tear the cornea and cause mixed damage during the removal process. However, setting the surface of the contact lens 1602 that contacts the eyeball as a curved surface, the upper surface 12d and the lower surface 12e of the microlens formed by scanning have a smooth transition, which can make the process of removing the microlens smoother, which is beneficial to the damage to the patient during the process of removing the microlens, and improves the surgical experience.

[0055] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the laser scanning device 100 may further include an illumination light source, a beam splitter 180, and an imaging element 190. The beam splitter 180 is disposed between the line scanning component 120 and the spiral scanning component 140 in terms of the propagation direction of the optical path. The beam splitter 180 has a beam splitting surface, which is configured to be able to reflect the laser beam emitted by the laser light source 110 and to be able to transmit the illumination light emitted by the illumination light source. The beam splitting surface is disposed corresponding to the light emitting side of the line scanning component 120 and the light incident side of the spiral scanning component 140. The beam splitting surface may be inclined to the light emitting direction of the line scanning component 120 and the light incident direction of the spiral scanning component 140. The imaging element 190 may be an element such as a camera, and the imaging element 190 is disposed on the side of the beam splitter 180 that is away from the spiral scanning component 140. It is understandable that during the operation, the laser beam emitted by the laser beam can be projected onto the beam splitter surface of the beam splitter 180 after adjustment of the line scanning component 120, and is reflected by the beam splitter surface toward the spiral scanning component 140, and the illumination light source can emit illumination light such as visible light to the eyeball, and the illumination light can be projected onto the beam splitter 180 through the focusing component 150, the deflection mirror 1301 and the spiral scanning component 140 in sequence after being reflected on the eyeball, and then projected onto the imaging element 190 through the beam splitter 180, so that the imaging element 190 can be aligned with the center of the eyeball through the through hole position of the eye, and the eyeball can be accurately positioned, so that the adsorption component 160 can accurately adsorb the eyeball and improve the accuracy of the operation. The illumination light source can be a coaxial light source with the spiral scanning component 140, so that the imaging element 190 can effectively receive the light emitted by the illumination light source onto the eyeball.

[0056] It can be understood that by properly setting the scanning speeds of the deflection mirror 1301 and the second line scanning element 1202, the scanning paths generated by the line scanning component 120 and the rotation scanning component 130 can be made Figure 3The paths 13, 14 and 15 shown are switched, and the scanning speeds of the second line scanning element 1202, the first line scanning element 1201 and the deflecting mirror 1301 can be set according to the scanning speed of the spiral scanning assembly 140, and can be specifically designed according to the laser energy and the size of the focused spot. In addition, the laser scanning device 100 provided in the present application can achieve the superposition of three scanning paths by adjusting the four variables of the first line scanning element 1201, the second line scanning element 1202, the spiral scanning assembly 140 and the deflecting mirror 1301. While improving surgical efficiency, shortening surgical time, and forming denser bubbles to improve surgical quality, it can also reduce the superposition of variable degrees of freedom, making the design and control of the laser scanning device 100 simpler and more stable, and improving the stability of the surgery.

[0057] In some embodiments, the laser scanning device 100 may further include a beam adjustment component 192, which is disposed between the laser light source 110 and the line scanning component 120 along the propagation direction of the optical path. The beam adjustment component 192 can modulate the laser light beam emitted by the laser light source 110 by energy attenuation, so as to enhance the laser light beam with suitable energy for surgery, enhance the surgical effect and reduce the damage of the laser light beam to the patient, and also can prevent the laser light from reflecting back to the laser light source 110 and causing damage to the laser light source 110. In some embodiments, the beam adjustment component 192 may include components such as a control shutter, a half-wave plate, a polarizer and a Faraday optical isolator. The switch control of the control shutter can be used to block or transmit the laser light beam, so that the switch control of the laser light beam is faster and more accurate. The cooperation of the half-wave plate and the polarizer can realize the continuous control of the laser power, thereby effectively attenuating the energy of the laser light beam. The Faraday optical isolator can transmit the laser light beam and effectively prevent the laser light beam from reflecting back to the side of the laser light source 110.

[0058] In some embodiments, the laser light source 110 may be a femtosecond laser, the wavelength of the laser light source 110 may be 900nm-1700nm, the repetition frequency may be 10KHz-1MHz, and the laser pulse width may be less than 1000fs. The specific setting parameters of the laser light source 110 may be designed according to the requirements of refractive surgery.

[0059] In some embodiments, the line scanning assembly 120 may further include a beam splitter 1206 and a beam quality analyzer 1207. The beam splitter 1206 may be disposed between the laser light source 110 and the beam expander lens group 1204 along the propagation direction of the optical path, and may be disposed corresponding to the light emitting side of the laser light source 110 and the light incident side of the beam expander lens group 1204. The beam quality analyzer 1207 may be disposed on the side of the beam splitter 1206 facing away from the laser light source 110. The beam splitter 1206 can split the laser beam emitted by the laser light source 110 into two parts, one part of which is reflected by the beam splitter 1206 to the beam expander lens group 1204 to participate in scanning, and the other part is emitted to the beam quality analyzer 1207 through the beam splitter 1206, so that the beam quality analyzer 1207 can monitor the parameters such as the power of the laser beam emitted by the beam adjustment assembly 192 to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.

[0060] Based on the above records, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the overall optical path propagation path of the laser scanning device 100 provided by the present application in some embodiments is described here. The laser beam emitted by the laser light source 110 is regulated by the beam regulating component 192 and then emitted to the line scanning component 120. Part of the laser light is reflected by the beam splitter 1206 to the beam expanding lens group 1204, and part of the laser light is transmitted through the beam splitter 1206 to the beam quality analyzer 1207. The light beam emitted to the beam expanding lens group 1204 passes through the beam expanding lens group 1204, the first line scanning component 1201, the second line scanning component 1202 and the collimating component 1205 in sequence and then emitted to the beam splitter 180, and then is reflected by the beam splitter 180 to the spiral scanning component 140, and then passes through the spiral scanning component 140 and then passes through the deflection mirror 1301, the focusing lens 1502 and the contact lens 1602 in sequence and then emitted to the eyeball for scanning.

[0061] Based on the above laser scanning device 100, the present application also provides a laser scanning method. The laser scanning method can use the laser scanning device 100 described in any of the above embodiments to scan a target object such as an eyeball to complete refractive surgery. Of course, the implementation of the laser scanning method is not limited to the laser scanning device 100 provided in the present application, and any other applicable scanning device that can achieve the corresponding scanning function can also be used. In some embodiments, the laser scanning method includes:

[0062] Emitting laser light, for example, driving the laser light source 110 to emit laser light;

[0063] The scanning path of the laser is adjusted to generate a straight scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path, for example, the laser passes through the line scanning component 120, and a straight scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path is generated by the line scanning component 120. The scanning path of the second line scanning element 1202 is along the normal line of the scanning path of the spiral scanning component 140, and the first line scanning element 1201 is used to adjust the spacing of the scanning path of the second line scanning element 1202 on the scanning path of the spiral scanning component 140;

[0064] The scanning path of the laser is adjusted to generate a spiral scanning path, for example, the laser passes through the spiral scanning assembly 140, and the spiral scanning path is generated by the spiral scanning assembly 140. The first reflective element 1401 and the second reflective element 1402 of the spiral scanning assembly 140 are respectively used to adjust the displacement of the light in two directions perpendicular to each other;

[0065] The scanning path of the laser is adjusted to generate a rotational scanning path. For example, the laser passes through the rotational scanning assembly 130 , and the rotational scanning path is generated by the rotational scanning assembly 130 .

[0066] Therefore, the laser scanning method can superimpose the straight scanning path or concentric circle scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120 on the spiral scanning path generated by the spiral scanning component 140, and superimpose the rotating scanning path generated by the rotating scanning component 130 on the scanning path generated by the line scanning component 120, thereby improving the scanning efficiency, shortening the operation time, and forming a denser bubble.

[0067] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A laser scanning device, characterized in that: It comprises a laser light source and a line scanning component, a spiral scanning component and a rotation scanning component which are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser emitted by the laser light source; The line scanning component is used to generate a line scanning path or a concentric circle scanning path, the spiral scanning component is used to generate a spiral scanning path, and the rotation scanning component is used to generate a rotation scanning path.

2. The laser scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral scanning assembly includes a first reflective element and a second reflective element. The first reflective element and the second reflective element can be deflected to adjust a scanning path, and the adjustment directions of the first reflective element and the second reflective element are perpendicular to each other.

3. The laser scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line scanning component includes a first line scanning element and a second line scanning element, the second line scanning element is used to generate a line scanning path, and the line scanning path generated by the second line scanning element is along the normal direction of the spiral scanning path, and the first line scanning element is used to adjust the spacing between each scanning point of the line scanning path on the spiral scanning path.

4. The laser scanning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first line scanning element includes a scanning galvanometer or a multi-faceted scanning mirror, and the second line scanning element has at least two mutually inclined reflection surfaces, and the second line scanning element can be deflected to adjust the scanning path of the light.

5. The laser scanning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The line scanning assembly further includes a beam expander lens group and a collimating element. The beam expander lens group, the first line scanning element, the second line scanning element and the collimating element are arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light path.

6. The laser scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating scanning component comprises a deflecting mirror, the outgoing light of the deflecting mirror is inclined with respect to the incident light, and the deflecting mirror is configured to be rotatable around the propagation direction of the light path.

7. The laser scanning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating scanning assembly further includes a driving element, a first transmission element and a second transmission element. The first transmission element is connected to the driving end of the driving element and is transmission-connected to the second transmission element. The deflecting mirror is fixed to the second transmission element.

8. The laser scanning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The laser scanning device also includes a focusing assembly disposed behind the rotating scanning assembly along the propagation direction of the laser, the focusing assembly includes a lifting platform and a focusing lens disposed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is configured to be movable along the propagation direction of the optical path.

9. The laser scanning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser scanning device also includes an adsorption component, which is used to adsorb the target object, and the lifting platform is movably connected to the adsorption component.

10. The laser scanning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adsorption component comprises a holder and a contact lens arranged on the holder, the holder and the contact lens are used for adsorbing a target object, the contact lens can allow laser to pass through, and the surface of the contact lens used for contacting the target object is a curved surface.

11. The laser scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser scanning device also includes an illumination light source, a beam splitter and an imaging element. The beam splitter is arranged between the line scanning component and the spiral scanning component along the propagation direction of the light path. The beam splitter has a beam splitting surface, which is configured to reflect the laser emitted by the laser light source and transmit the illumination light emitted by the illumination light source. The beam splitting surface is arranged corresponding to the light output side of the line scanning component and the light input side of the spiral scanning component. The imaging element is arranged on the side of the beam splitter facing away from the spiral scanning component.

12. A laser scanning method, characterized in that: include: Firing lasers; Adjusting the scanning path of the laser to produce a straight scanning path or a concentric circular scanning path; adjusting a scanning path of the laser to produce a spiral scanning path; The scanning path of the laser is adjusted to produce a rotating scanning path.

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