Automatic bolt cold heading device and process

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic bolt cold heading device and technology, and relates to the technical field of bolt machining, the automatic bolt cold heading device comprises a supporting seat, a supporting frame and a conveyor, the top of the supporting seat is in bolted connection with a feeding frame, a sliding groove is formed in the top of the feeding frame, and the top of the feeding frame is in sliding connection with a sliding induction plate; a sliding induction plate is installed at the bottom of the feeding frame, infrared scanning devices are installed on one side of the bottom of the sliding induction plate, feeding openings are formed in the middle of the front face of the feeding frame, and the number and the position of the feeding openings correspond to those of the infrared scanning devices. Manual intervention is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the width detection unit can accurately measure the width of the bolt raw material, the telescopic air cylinder adjusts the clamping force according to the width, it is ensured that the bolt raw material is effectively clamped by the conveying grinding wheel, and the feeding precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolt processing, and in particular to an automatic bolt cold heading device and process. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of various industries, the demand for bolts is increasing day by day. Whether in machinery manufacturing, automobile industry, construction field or electronic equipment industry, bolts, as an important connector, are in huge demand. Traditional production methods have been unable to meet the market's requirements for the quantity and quality of bolts. The market needs an efficient, stable, and highly automated bolt production device and process to improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and ensure that the quality of bolts meets strict standards.

[0003] In traditional bolt production, a lot of manual operations are often relied on. Workers need to carry out tedious processes such as material handling, preliminary forming, size adjustment, etc. This method is not only inefficient, but also difficult to ensure the stability of product quality due to the influence of human factors. For example, manual operation may cause inconsistent dimensional accuracy of bolts, affecting the performance and reliability of bolts in actual use. At the same time, manual production also has problems such as high labor intensity and poor production environment, which also has certain harm to the health of workers.

[0004] In recent years, automation technology, mechanical manufacturing technology and control technology have made great progress. The development of sensor technology makes it possible to monitor the parameters in the production process in real time, so as to better control the production quality. Advanced mechanical design and manufacturing technology provides the basis for the development of high-performance bolt cold heading equipment. At the same time, the continuous improvement of the automatic control system enables the equipment to achieve highly automated operation, reduce human intervention, and improve the stability and reliability of production.

[0005] According to the mechanism capable of controlling the tension of aluminum foil with Chinese patent number CN 103204400 A, the mechanism comprises a guide groove (1), a loading column (2) and a booster device (3), wherein a transverse roller (7) is installed in the guide groove (1), one end of the guide groove (1) is fixed on a wall, a fixing column (4) is arranged in the center of the loading column (2), one end of the fixing column (4) is fixed on the wall, and the other end of the fixing column (4) passes through the loading column (2), and the booster device (3) is installed between the guide groove (1) and the loading column (2), and one end of the booster device (3) is fixed on the loading column (2). The aluminum foil tension control mechanism installs a transverse roller in the guide groove, and controls the tension of the aluminum foil through the transverse roller, so as to better realize the guided conveying of the aluminum foil and improve the conveying efficiency of the aluminum foil.

[0006] According to a butterfly bolt cold heading machine with Chinese patent number CN 218340919 U, it includes an installation box, a fixed shell and a fixed box, a mounting platform is installed on the top of the installation box, a mounting shell is installed inside the installation box, and the mounting shell runs through the back of the installation box, a fixed shell is installed inside the installation shell, an evaporator is installed inside the fixed shell, a fan is installed inside the fixed shell, and the fan is located in front of the evaporator, a fixed box is installed on the top of the installation table, a mounting plate is symmetrically installed on the top of the installation table, and a slide groove is opened on the inner side of the mounting plate. In the utility model, the evaporator is used to achieve the cooling effect, the fan is operated to make the air flow, so that the refrigerated air is transmitted through the ventilation pipe, and finally the cold air is discharged through the through groove to cool the stamping mechanism that is stamping the bolts, so that the temperature of the stamping mechanism is reduced, so that the cold heading machine can stamp the bolts for a long time without worrying about damage due to excessive temperature.

[0007] The existing technology has the following problems in actual use:

[0008] 1. The existing equipment does not constitute a complete integrated process flow, and can only achieve a single function. In addition, the bolt raw materials cannot be automatically and quickly loaded, the bolt raw materials cannot be accurately detected and automatically cut, and the raw materials cannot be automatically polished;

[0009] 2. During the unloading process, confusion and blockage are prone to occur, and manual sorting is required;

[0010] 3. The cold heading pressure is not properly controlled, which leads to defective products.

[0011] Therefore, an automated bolt cold heading device and process are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0012] Technical issues solved

[0013] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automated bolt cold heading device and process, which solves the problem that the prior equipment does not constitute a complete integrated process flow and can only realize a single function, and the bolt raw materials cannot be automatically and quickly fed, the bolt raw materials cannot be accurately detected and automatically cut, and the raw materials cannot be automatically polished.

[0014] Technical Solution

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an automated bolt cold heading device and process, comprising a support seat, a support frame and a conveyor, the top bolt of the support seat is connected to a loading rack, the top of the loading rack is provided with a slide groove, the top of the loading rack is slidably connected to a sliding sensor plate, an infrared scanning device is installed on one side of the bottom of the sliding sensor plate, a loading port is opened in the middle of the front of the loading rack, the number and position of the loading port and the infrared scanning device are corresponding, a shear controller is installed on the bottom of the front of the loading rack near the loading port, and a shear assembly is installed on the top of the shear controller.

[0016] Preferably, a width detection unit is installed at the top of the feeding port, telescopic cylinder parts are installed on both sides of the feeding port, one side of the telescopic cylinder part is electrically connected to a telescopic controller, the end of the other side of the telescopic cylinder part is threadedly connected to an adjusting frame bar, the top and bottom of the adjusting frame bar are movably connected to feed grinding wheels, the surface of the feed grinding wheel is provided with anti-slip patterns, a control motor is installed at the top of the adjusting frame bar, the output end of the control motor passes through the feed grinding wheels at the top and bottom of the adjusting frame bar, the feed grinding wheel and the output end of the control motor are externally clamped, and bolts pass through the adjusting frame bars.

[0017] Preferably, a card frame is clamped on the front of the support seat, a lower bucket is connected to the middle buckle in the card frame, and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom flange of the lower bucket.

[0018] Preferably, a material discharge box is welded to one side of the top of the support frame, a step plate is clamped inside the material discharge box, an opening is opened on one side of the bottom of the material discharge box, and a material frame is clamped at the bottom of the opening.

[0019] Preferably, the front side of the material frame is slidably connected with a top plug, pushing cylinders are installed on both sides of the front side of the top plug, the back side of the material frame is connected with a flip plate via a torsion spring, a grinding motor group is installed on one side outside the material frame, and a grinding roller is installed on the inner side of the output end of the grinding motor group.

[0020] Preferably, a rotary buffer is provided on one side of the material frame, the front face of the rotary buffer is transmission-connected with a rotary drive motor, the outer annular array of the rotary buffer has a buffer material cover, and one side of the material frame is fitted with the rotary buffer.

[0021] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on the top of the conveyor, and a panel is clamped on the top of the conveyor through the protrusion, a lifting cylinder is installed in the middle of the top of the panel, a vibrating material plate is threadedly connected to the top of the lifting cylinder, and a material trough is opened on the top of the vibrating material plate.

[0022] Preferably, a top pressure box is provided on the front of the conveyor, a firing pin is provided on the front of the top pressure box, and there are three groups of firing pins on the front of the top pressure box; a mold box is provided on the back of the conveyor, a mold opening is opened on the front of the mold box, and there are three groups of mold openings on the front of the mold box.

[0023] Preferably, the process flow of the bolt cold heading operation is as follows:

[0024] Sp1. In the cold heading process, ML steel is selected as the raw material of the bolts, and the raw material is made into strip-shaped raw material of the bolts. Then, one end of the raw material of the bolts is inserted into the back of the feeding port in the feeding rack, so as to penetrate the gap between the adjusting frame strips on both sides of the feeding port. The internal width detection unit detects the width of the raw material of the bolts, and the adjusting frame strips are controlled to be extended and retracted by the telescopic cylinder to effectively clamp the raw material of the bolts. The feeding grinding wheel is driven by the control motor and the raw material of the bolts is conveyed forward by the feeding grinding wheel. The end of the raw material of the bolts gradually passes through the feeding port on the front of the feeding rack, and the protruding length of the raw material of the bolts is detected by the infrared scanning device. After the desired length of the production bolts is reached, the protruding raw material of the bolts is controlled by the shearing controller to shear the protruding raw material of the bolts. The sheared raw material of the bolts falls into the clamping frame, and falls into the unloading box in an orderly manner through the lower bucket and the discharge pipe, and enters the material frame in an orderly manner through the step plate and the opening in the unloading box;

[0025] Sp2, after the raw material enters the material frame, the grinding motor group drives the grinding roller, and the grinding roller rotates to grind the surface of the bolt raw material to make it smooth. After grinding, the cylinder pushes the top plug and pushes the bolt raw material being ground from the flip plate through the top plug. The bolt raw material after being pushed out will fall into the cache material cover close to one side of the rotating buffer. After rotating, the bolt raw material will be poured into the material trough of the vibrating material plate. There are five groups of material troughs in the vibrating material plate. When the five groups of material troughs are full, the panel is transported forward by the conveyor for cold heading processing;

[0026] Sp3, when the panel is transported to the mold box and the top pressure box, the transport is stopped briefly, the initial height of the vibrating screen plate is aligned with the bottom row of mold openings on the front of the mold box, the firing pins in the bottom row of the top pressure box push the bolt raw material into the bottom row of mold openings, and the cylinder assembly in the mold opening pushes the bolt raw material back to the material trough, and then the lifting cylinder controls the vibrating plate to rise to a height aligned with the middle mold opening, and the middle firing pin pushes the bolt raw material into the middle mold opening. After the bolt raw material is pushed back, the lifting cylinder controls the vibrating screen plate to rise to a height aligned with the top row of mold openings, and the firing pins in the top row push the bolt raw material into the top row of mold openings, and then it is ejected, and it is formed after three times of pressing and upsetting;

[0027] Sp4. The deformation of cold forging includes both upsetting and extrusion deformation. The degree of axial deformation during upsetting is expressed by the upsetting rate. The upsetting rate calculation formula is used to express the degree of axial deformation. It is an important parameter in the cold forging process, indicating the length compression ratio of the material during the cold forging process. The formula is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] η h : Upsetting rate (%), h0: Initial workpiece height, h f : Height of workpiece after upsetting;

[0030] Calculation formula for section shrinkage Section shrinkage is used to indicate the degree of radial deformation during extrusion. This parameter reflects the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the material. The formula is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] η s : Sectional reduction rate (%), A0: Initial cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece, A f : Cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after extrusion;

[0033] The deformation degree formula of three-stage upsetting is that after three-stage upsetting in the cold upsetting process, the deformation degree can be comprehensively considered in terms of axial and radial deformation, and is expressed as:

[0034] η total =η h +η s

[0035] η total : Total deformation degree of three times of pressing and upsetting, η h : Upsetting rate; η s : Sectional shrinkage;

[0036] Reasonable upsetting force calculation formula During the cold upsetting process, reasonable upsetting force calculation is very important to ensure the quality of the finished product and avoid material cracking or other defects. The upsetting force can be calculated by the following formula:

[0037] F=K×A0×σ s ×(1+η h )

[0038] F: upsetting force; K: process coefficient, which depends on equipment and material characteristics; A0: initial workpiece cross-sectional area; σ s : Yield strength of material; η h : Upsetting rate.

[0039] During upsetting, the deformation degree formula and the upsetting force calculation formula must be followed.

[0040] Preferably, after the cold heading, the bolts are annealed, quenched and annealed according to the performance requirements of the bolts, the bolt surfaces are electroplated and sprayed, and finally the processed bolts are packaged using a packaging machine.

[0041] Beneficial Effects

[0042] The present invention provides an automated bolt cold heading device and process, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The present invention realizes automated operation in multiple links from the feeding, shearing, conveying, grinding, cold heading processing to post-processing of the bolt raw materials, which greatly reduces manual intervention, improves production efficiency, and reduces labor intensity. The width detection unit can accurately measure the width of the bolt raw materials, and the telescopic cylinder adjusts the clamping force according to the width to ensure that the feeding grinding wheel effectively clamps the bolt raw materials, thereby improving the feeding accuracy. The infrared scanning device can accurately detect the protruding length of the bolt raw materials, and the shearing controller controls the shearing assembly to perform precise shearing to ensure the consistency of the bolt length. The vibrating material plate shakes the bolt raw materials into the material trough by vibration, and cooperates with the precise control of the sensor to ensure that the bolt raw materials are accurately conveyed to the mold mouth for cold heading processing, thereby improving the accuracy of cold heading forming.

[0044] 2. The vacuuming equipment in the material box of the present invention cleans the raw bolt material, removes dust and impurities on the surface, and improves the surface quality of the product. The grinding motor unit and the grinding roller grind the surface of the raw bolt material to make it smoother, reduce surface defects, and improve the appearance quality and performance of the product. The three-stage pressing and upsetting process ensures the forming quality of the bolt. After annealing, quenching and tempering treatments, as well as post-processing processes such as electroplating and spraying, the strength, toughness, corrosion resistance and other properties of the bolt are further improved, ensuring the stability of product quality.

[0045] 3. The equipment in the present invention can adapt to bolt raw materials of different specifications. Through the automatic adjustment of the width detection unit and the telescopic cylinder, as well as the design of replaceable panels and mold openings, the versatility of the equipment is improved to meet the needs of different customers. The intelligent control system can adjust parameters according to different production requirements, thereby realizing the production and processing of bolts of different specifications.

[0046] 4. The equipment of the present invention adopts advanced energy-saving technologies during operation, such as optimizing the transmission mechanism, accurately controlling the operation of the motor, etc., which reduces energy consumption. The use of dust collection equipment reduces the emission of dust and impurities, and is more environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the card frame installation of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the vibration panel installation of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a transmitter of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the loading rack of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a side view of the blanking box of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 A top view of the feed box of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the width adjustment strip of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the width adjustment strip installation structure of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 It is the internal structure diagram of the feeding port of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.11 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the material frame of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.12 A structural diagram of a rotary buffer of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.13 This is a three-stage pressing and upsetting forming diagram of the present invention.

[0060] Among them: 1. Support seat; 2. Loading rack; 3. Slide; 4. Sliding induction plate; 5. Infrared scanning device; 6. Unloading box; 7. Support frame; 8. Rotary drive motor; 9. Material frame; 10. Mold box; 11. Top pressure box; 12. Panel; 13. Bump; 14. Conveyor; 15. Lifting cylinder; 16. Vibrating material plate; 17. Material trough; 18. Strike pin; 19. Mold mouth; 20. Bolt raw material; 21. Lower bucket; 22. Card frame ; 23. Discharge pipe; 24. Feeding port; 25. Shearing controller; 26. Shearing assembly; 27. Rotary buffer; 28. Buffer cover; 29. ​​Step plate; 30. Opening; 31. Width detection unit; 32. Telescopic cylinder; 33. Adjustment frame; 34. Feed grinding wheel; 35. Control motor; 36. Telescopic controller; 37. Flip plate; 38. Grinding motor unit; 39. Grinding roller; 40. Top plug; 41. Push cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment one:

[0063] like Figure 1-13 As shown, an automated bolt cold heading device and process include a support base 1, a support frame 7 and a conveyor 14, the top of the support base 1 is bolted to a loading rack 2, the top of the loading rack 2 is provided with a slide groove 3, the top of the loading rack 2 is slidably connected to a sliding sensing plate 4, an infrared scanning device 5 is installed on one side of the bottom of the sliding sensing plate 4, a loading port 24 is opened in the middle of the front of the loading rack 2, the number and position of the loading port 24 and the infrared scanning device 5 are corresponding, a shearing controller 25 is installed on the front of the loading rack 2 near the bottom of the loading port 24, a shearing assembly 26 is installed on the top of the shearing controller 25, a width detection unit 31 is installed on the top of the loading port 24, telescopic cylinder parts 32 are installed on both sides of the loading port 24, one side of the telescopic cylinder part 32 is electrically connected to the telescopic controller 36, and the telescopic cylinder part 32 is electrically connected to the telescopic controller 36. The end of the other side of the cylinder member 32 is threadedly connected to an adjusting frame bar 33, and the top and bottom of the adjusting frame bar 33 are movably connected to a feeding grinding wheel 34, and the surface of the feeding grinding wheel 34 is provided with anti-slip patterns. A control motor 35 is installed on the top of the adjusting frame bar 33, and the output end of the control motor 35 passes through the feeding grinding wheels 34 at the top and bottom of the adjusting frame bar 33. The feeding grinding wheels 34 and the output end of the control motor 35 are externally clamped, and bolt raw materials 20 pass through between the adjusting frame bars 33. In this device, the components are arranged in a stepped shape as a whole, wherein the structure on the loading rack 2 is used for automatic loading, the lower bucket 21, the unloading box 6, and the rotary buffer 27 are used for caching unloading, and the panel 12 is used for feeding, and the top pressure box 11 on the front side of the conveyor 14 and the back mold box 10 cooperate with each other to perform cold upsetting on the bolt raw materials.

[0064] In the cold heading process, the raw material of the bolt is ML steel, and is made into a strip-shaped bolt raw material 20. The bolt raw material 20 is as follows: Figure 1As shown in the figure, one end of the bolt raw material 20 is then inserted into the back of the feeding port 24 in the feeding rack 2, so that the gap between the adjustment frame strips 33 on both sides of the feeding port 24 is passed through. The adjustment frame strips 33 on both sides will clamp the front end of the bolt raw material 20 through the feeding grinding wheel 34, and the internal width detection unit 31 detects the width of the bolt raw material 20. The width detection unit 31 here is directly purchased from the width measuring instrument on the market. The principle is mainly to use a high-precision linear array to measure the width of an object. The width detection unit 31 has a built-in transmission communication chip, and the telescopic control on the back of the telescopic cylinder 32 The controller 36 has a built-in baseband receiving chip. After the width detection unit 31 measures the width of the bolt material 20, the measured width value is transmitted to the telescopic controller 36. The telescopic controller 36 receives the value through the baseband transmission chip. The telescopic controller 36 controls the telescopic cylinder 32 to extend and retract according to the width of the bolt material 20, ensuring that the feeding grinding wheel 34 on the outside of the adjustment frame 33 fits the bolt material 20, so as to effectively clamp the bolt material 20. Then, the feeding grinding wheel 34 is driven by the self-starting control motor 35. The feeding grinding wheel 34 components are as shown in FIG. Figure 8-10 As shown, when the feeding grinding wheel 34 rotates clockwise, the anti-slip grooves on the surface can drive the bolt material 20 to move forward. Multiple sets of feeding grinding wheels 34 are installed in the adjustment frame 33. At the same time, the driving can quickly transport the bolt material 20 forward, and the end of the bolt material 20 will gradually pass through the loading port 24 on the front side of the loading rack 2.

[0065] In the present invention, the infrared scanning device 5 at the bottom of the sliding sensing plate 4 detects the protruding length of the bolt raw material 20, and the sliding sensing plate 4 can be adjusted by the slide groove 3 at the top of the loading rack 2. Through this adjustment method, the infrared scanning device 5 at the bottom of the sliding sensing plate 4 is slid to align with the length of the bolt raw material 20 to be cut, and the infrared scanning device 5 will emit infrared rays to the bottom. When the bolt raw material 20 gradually protrudes, the end will block the infrared rays of the infrared scanning device 5, and the infrared scanning device 5 will quickly sense that the protruding length of the bolt raw material 20 is exactly the length of the bolt to be processed. After receiving the signal, the infrared scanning device 5 transmits the signal to the shearing controller 25 through the line. After receiving the signal, the shearing controller 25 will control the top shearing component 26 to squeeze inwards. After squeezing inwards, the shearing component 26 will cut off the protruding part of the bolt raw material 20. In order to ensure faster cutting, the shearing component 26 can also be replaced with a wheel cutting device, such as Figure 5 There are five groups of loading ports 24 on the loading rack 2 shown, which can shear five groups of bolt raw materials 20 at the same time. The sheared bolt raw materials 20 will fall into the clamping frame 22, and fall into the discharge box 6 in an orderly and single manner through the lower bucket 21 and the discharge pipe 23. Only one bolt raw material 20 falls at a time and enters the material frame 9 in an orderly manner through the step plate 29 and the opening 30 in the discharge box 6.

[0066] It should be noted that a dust suction device is installed at the gap between the step plates 29 in the unloading box 6, and the dust suction device will suck away dust and impurities on the surface of the bolt raw material 20 passing through.

[0067] At the same time, the above steps can be optimized as follows: first, a guide device is set at the position where the bolt raw material 20 is inserted into the feeding port 24 to ensure that the raw material can accurately and quickly enter the gap between the adjustment frame bars 33. For example, an inclined guide plate can be installed to guide the raw material to slide in smoothly. In order to improve the clamping stability of the feeding grinding wheel 34, an adjustable pressure device can be added to the grinding wheel surface. According to the different specifications and hardness of the bolt raw material 20, the clamping pressure is automatically adjusted to prevent the raw material from sliding or offsetting during the transportation process. A sensor is installed at the entrance of the feeding rack 2 to monitor the entry of the bolt raw material 20 in real time. Once a blockage or abnormality occurs, an alarm is issued in time so that the operator can handle it. For the width detection unit 31, an automatic calibration function can be added. The detection instrument is calibrated regularly to ensure the stability of the measurement accuracy. At the same time, multiple detection points can be set to measure the width of different parts of the bolt raw material 20 to improve the accuracy of the detection. The telescopic controller 36 can communicate with the host computer to transmit the width data and clamping state of the bolt raw material 20 to the monitoring system in real time. In this way, the operator can remotely monitor the feeding process, find problems in time and make adjustments. Considering the wear of the feeding grinding wheel 34, a wear detection device is installed. When the grinding wheel is worn to a certain extent, a replacement prompt is automatically issued to ensure the conveying efficiency and quality. A force sensor is installed on the shearing component 26 to monitor the size of the shearing force in real time. If the shearing force exceeds the set range, it may indicate that the hardness of the bolt raw material 20 is abnormal or the shearing equipment fails. At this time, the shearing should be stopped immediately and checked. In order to improve the accuracy and consistency of shearing, CNC shearing technology can be used. The motion trajectory and strength of the shearing component 26 are controlled by programming to ensure that the length and quality of each shearing meet the requirements. A protective device is set in the shearing area to prevent the debris generated during the shearing process from splashing and causing harm to the operator. A buffer device is added to the unloading box 6 to reduce the impact force when the bolt raw material 20 falls and prevent the raw material from being damaged. For example, an elastic rubber pad or a shock-absorbing spring can be installed to optimize the dust collection equipment and improve the dust collection efficiency. The number and suction force of the dust suction port can be increased to ensure that the dust and impurities on the surface of the bolt raw material 20 can be thoroughly removed. At the same time, clean the vacuum equipment regularly to prevent dust accumulation from affecting the vacuum effect. Specific embodiment 2:

[0069] like Figure 1-13As shown, according to the contents of the specific embodiment one, the following contents are further disclosed: a card frame 22 is clamped on the front of the support seat 1, and a lower bucket 21 is connected to the middle card buckle in the card frame 22, and a discharge pipe 23 is connected to the bottom flange of the lower bucket 21, a discharge box 6 is welded to one side of the top of the support frame 7, and a step plate 29 is clamped inside the discharge box 6, and an opening 30 is opened on one side of the bottom of the lower box 6, and a material frame 9 is clamped on the bottom of the opening 30, and a top plug 40 is slidably connected to the front of the material frame 9, and pushing cylinder members 41 are installed on both sides of the front of the top plug 40, and a flip plate 37 is connected to the back of the material frame 9 through a torsion spring, and a grinding motor group 38 is installed on one side of the outside of the material frame 9, and a grinding roller 39 is installed on the inner side of the output end of the grinding motor group 38.

[0070] After the raw material enters the material frame 9, the grinding roller 39 is driven by the grinding motor group 38. When the grinding roller 39 rotates, the surface of the bolt raw material 20 is polished to make it smooth. After polishing, the cylinder part 41 is pushed to push the top plug 40 and the bolt raw material 20 being polished is pushed out from the flip plate 37 through the top plug 40. The bolt raw material 20 after being pushed out will fall into the cache material cover 28 close to one side of the rotary buffer 27. After rotation, the cache device 28 outside the rotary buffer 27 will gradually pour the bolt raw materials 20 one by one into the material trough 17 in the vibrating material plate 16. Five groups of material troughs 17 are provided in the vibrating material plate 16. When the five groups of material troughs 17 are full, the panel 12 is transported forward by the conveyor 14 for cold heading processing. The panel 12 on the conveyor 14 is detachable and can be placed by a robot.

[0071] At the same time, the above steps can be optimized as follows: grinding materials with different roughness are installed on the grinding roller 39 to meet the surface treatment requirements of different bolt raw materials 20. For example, grinding rollers of different stages such as rough grinding and fine grinding can be set to ensure that the surface of the bolt raw material reaches the best smoothness. In order to improve the uniformity of grinding, a rotating device can be installed in the material frame 9 to make the bolt raw material 20 rotate continuously during the grinding process to ensure that all parts can be fully polished. A grinding monitoring device is installed to detect the surface roughness of the bolt raw material 20 in real time. When the preset smoothness standard is reached, the grinding is automatically stopped to avoid over-grinding or under-grinding. The pushing cylinder 41 is precisely controlled to ensure that the top plug 40 pushes the bolt raw material 20 out at a suitable speed and force. Pressure sensors and speed sensors can be installed to monitor the parameters in the pushing process in real time and make adjustments to optimize the design of the flip plate 37 so that it can open and close more smoothly. For example, a hydraulically or pneumatically controlled flip plate can be used to improve the reliability and stability of the operation, and a sensor can be installed on the buffer cover 28 of the rotary buffer 27 to monitor the storage status of the bolt raw material 20 in real time. When the buffer cover 28 is about to be full, an alarm is issued to remind the operator to deal with it in time. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of the cold heading process, a preheating device can be set at the end of the conveyor 14 to properly preheat the bolt raw material 20 to make it easier to form. Specific embodiment three:

[0073] like Figure 1-13 As shown, according to the content of specific embodiment one, the following contents are further disclosed: a rotary buffer 27 is provided on one side of the material frame 9, the front transmission of the rotary buffer 27 is connected with a rotary drive motor 8, the outer annular array of the rotary buffer 27 is provided with a cache material cover 28, one side of the material frame 9 is fitted with the rotary buffer 27, a protrusion 13 is provided on the top of the conveyor 14, a panel 12 is clamped on the top of the conveyor 14 through the protrusion 13, a lifting cylinder 15 is installed in the middle of the top of the panel 12, the top of the lifting cylinder 15 is threadedly connected with a vibrating material plate 16, and a material trough 17 is provided on the top of the vibrating material plate 16.

[0074] When the conveyor 14 is conveyed forward, the top mounted panel 12 will be driven to move to one side. The vibration of the vibrating screen plate 16 is controlled by a vibration motor. When the vibrating screen plate 16 vibrates, the bolt raw materials 20 that fall onto the plate surface will be shaken into the material trough 17. When the five groups of material troughs 17 are full, the conveyor 14 is controlled to drive, so as to transport the vibrating screen plate 16 components to one side. In order to improve the intelligence, a sensor is installed in each material trough 17. The sensors are all infrared sensors. When the bolt raw material 20 falls into the material trough 17, the sensor will quickly sense it. After sensing that the bolt raw material 20 enters the material trough 17, the sensor will transmit a signal to the control power supply of the conveyor 14. When the sensors in the five groups of material troughs 17 transmit signals to the control power supply of the conveyor 14, the control power supply starts to control the conveyor 14 to start.

[0075] At the same time, the above steps can be optimized as follows: In order to ensure that the vibration effect of the vibration plate 16 is more uniform, multiple vibration motors can be installed at the bottom of the vibration plate 16, and these vibration motors can be accurately adjusted through the control system so that the vibration can be evenly distributed on the entire plate surface, so as to better shake the bolt raw material 20 into the material trough 17, and the material of the vibration plate 16 is optimized and selected, and materials with good wear resistance and impact resistance are selected to extend the service life of the vibration plate. At the same time, the surface of the vibration plate can be specially treated to increase its friction and prevent the bolt raw material from sliding during the vibration process. A vibration monitoring device is installed to monitor the vibration frequency, amplitude and other parameters of the vibration plate 16 in real time. Through data analysis and adjustment, it is ensured that the vibration plate is always in the best working state, and the efficiency of the bolt raw material entering the slot is improved. For the infrared sensor in the material trough 17, its sensing accuracy and sensitivity can be improved, and advanced infrared sensing technology is adopted to ensure that the entry of the bolt raw material 20 can be detected quickly and accurately. At the same time, the anti-interference ability of the sensor can be increased to avoid the influence of external factors on the sensing results. In order to better realize intelligent control, the sensor can be connected to the host computer for communication. The signal detected by the sensor is transmitted to the host computer in real time, and the data is analyzed and processed by the host computer to realize remote monitoring and optimization control of the entire production process. The sensor is calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure its stable and reliable performance. A detailed calibration plan and maintenance process can be formulated, and the sensor can be checked, cleaned and calibrated regularly to ensure its normal operation. Specific embodiment four:

[0077] like Figure 1-13As shown, according to the contents of the specific embodiment one, the following contents are further disclosed: a top pressure box 11 is provided on the front side of the conveyor 14, a firing pin 18 is provided on the front side of the top pressure box 11, and there are three groups of firing pins 18 on the front side of the top pressure box 11; a mold box 10 is provided on the back side of the conveyor 14, a mold opening 19 is opened on the front side of the mold box 10, and there are three groups of mold openings 19 on the front side of the mold box 10.

[0078] When the panel 12 is conveyed to the space between the mold box 10 and the top pressure box 11 and stops conveying briefly, a proximity sensor is installed inside the mold box 10. After the panel 12 has moved to the position of the mold box 10 by the top assembly, the internal proximity sensor will quickly sense it and transmit a brief stop signal to the control power supply of the conveyor 14 through the built-in transmission chip, and then the conveyor 14 will stop.

[0079] The initial height of the vibrating screen plate 16 is aligned with the mold opening 19 at the bottom row on the front side of the mold box 10, and the firing pins 18 at the bottom row of the top pressure box 11 push the bolt material 20 into the mold opening 19 at the bottom row. It should be noted that the firing pins 18 are pushed by the cylinder assembly, and position sensors are installed deep inside the mold opening 19. When the firing pins 18 push the bolt material 20 into the mold opening 19, the position sensor deep inside the mold opening 19 will sense that an object has entered, and at this time, a signal will be transmitted to the internal cylinder assembly. When the cylinder assembly receives the signal, it will push the bolt material 20 into the mold opening 19. The bolt raw material 20 is ejected and pushed back onto the material trough 17. Then, the lifting cylinder 15 controls the vibrating material plate 16 to rise to a height aligned with the middle mold opening 19. The middle firing pin 18 pushes the bolt raw material 20 into the middle mold opening 19. After the bolt raw material 20 is pushed back, the lifting cylinder 15 controls the vibrating screen plate 16 to rise to a height aligned with the top row of mold openings 19. The firing pins 18 in the top row will push the bolt raw material 20 into the top row of mold openings 19, and then be ejected. After three times of pressing and upsetting, it has been formed. It should be noted that the shape after three times of pressing and upsetting is as follows Fig.13 As shown, the desired bolt is finally obtained.

[0080] At the same time, the above steps can be optimized as follows: the firing pin 18 in the top pressure box 11 and the cylinder assembly that pushes the firing pin are calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure that the firing pin's pushing force and position accuracy are always maintained at the best state. A pressure sensor and a displacement sensor can be installed to monitor the working state of the firing pin 18 in real time so that problems can be found and adjusted in time. The mold opening 19 in the mold box 10 is processed with high precision to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the mold opening. At the same time, the mold is made of wear-resistant materials to improve the service life and stability of the mold. During the rising and falling process of the vibrating plate 16, a high-precision position sensor is installed to ensure that the vibrating plate can be accurately aligned with the mold openings at different heights. A closed-loop control system can be used to accurately control the lifting cylinder 15, improve the positioning accuracy of the vibrating material plate, and integrate the control of various equipment such as the conveyor 14, the top pressure box 11, and the mold box 10 for centralized control. During the three-stage upsetting process, the upsetting force and time of each stage are accurately controlled to ensure the forming quality of the bolts. Pressure sensors and time controllers can be used to monitor and adjust the upsetting process in real time.

[0081] The deformation of cold forging includes both upsetting and extrusion deformation. The degree of axial deformation during upsetting is expressed by the upsetting rate. The upsetting rate calculation formula is used to express the degree of axial deformation. It is an important parameter in the cold forging process, indicating the length compression ratio of the material during the cold forging process. The formula is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] η h : Upsetting rate (%), h0: Initial workpiece height, h f : Height of workpiece after upsetting;

[0084] Calculation formula for section shrinkage Section shrinkage is used to indicate the degree of radial deformation during extrusion. This parameter reflects the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the material. The formula is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] η s : Sectional reduction rate (%), A0: Initial cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece, A f : Cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after extrusion;

[0087] The deformation degree formula of three-stage upsetting is that after three-stage upsetting in the cold upsetting process, the deformation degree can be comprehensively considered in terms of axial and radial deformation, and is expressed as:

[0088] η total =η h +η s

[0089] ηtotal : Total deformation degree of three times of pressing and upsetting, η h : Upsetting rate; η s : Sectional shrinkage;

[0090] Reasonable upsetting force calculation formula During the cold upsetting process, reasonable upsetting force calculation is very important to ensure the quality of the finished product and avoid material cracking or other defects. The upsetting force can be calculated by the following formula:

[0091] F=K×A0×σ s ×(1+η h )

[0092] F: upsetting force; K: process coefficient, which depends on equipment and material characteristics; A0: initial workpiece cross-sectional area; σ s : Yield strength of material; η h : Upsetting rate.

[0093] During upsetting, the deformation degree formula and the upsetting force calculation formula must be followed. Specific embodiment five:

[0095] like Figure 1-13 As shown, according to the content of the specific embodiment 1, the following contents are further disclosed: after the cold heading, the bolts are annealed, quenched and annealed according to the performance requirements of the bolts, the surface of the bolts is electroplated and sprayed, and finally the processed bolts are packaged using a packaging machine.

[0096] In the actual operation process, quenching treatment is first carried out. The bolts are first placed in the constant temperature environment of the first quenching zone for quenching, and then placed in the second quenching zone, the third quenching zone, the fourth quenching zone, the fifth quenching zone, and the sixth quenching zone in sequence for constant temperature quenching, and then tempering treatment is carried out. The quenched bolts are quickly cooled and placed in the tempering furnace for tempering treatment. The tempering furnace is sequentially provided with a first tempering zone, a second tempering zone, a third tempering zone, a fourth tempering zone and a fifth tempering zone. Finally, the bolts after tempering treatment are subjected to rust-proof treatment to form a rust-proof layer on the outer surface of the bolts.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprising a reference structure" do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated bolt cold heading device and process, comprising a support base (1), a support frame (7) and a conveyor (14), characterized in that: The top of the support seat (1) is bolted to a loading rack (2), a slide groove (3) is provided on the top of the loading rack (2), a sliding sensing plate (4) is slidably connected to the top of the loading rack (2), an infrared scanning device (5) is installed on one side of the bottom of the sliding sensing plate (4), a loading port (24) is provided in the middle of the front of the loading rack (2), the number and position of the loading port (24) and the infrared scanning device (5) are corresponding, a shearing controller (25) is installed on the bottom of the front of the loading rack (2) near the loading port (24), and a shearing component (26) is installed on the top of the shearing controller (25).

2. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 1, characterized in that: A width detection unit (31) is installed at the top of the feeding port (24), and telescopic cylinders (32) are installed on both sides of the feeding port (24). One side of the telescopic cylinder (32) is electrically connected to a telescopic controller (36), and the end of the other side of the telescopic cylinder (32) is threadedly connected to an adjustment frame (33). The top and bottom of the adjustment frame (33) are movably connected to a feed grinding wheel (34), and the surface of the feed grinding wheel (34) is provided with anti-slip patterns. A control motor (35) is installed at the top of the adjustment frame (33), and the output end of the control motor (35) simultaneously passes through the feed grinding wheel (34) at the top and bottom of the adjustment frame (33). The feed grinding wheel (34) and the output end of the control motor (35) are externally clamped, and bolts (20) pass through the adjustment frame (33).

3. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front of the support seat (1) is clamped with a clamping frame (22), the middle of the clamping frame (22) is clamped with a lower bucket (21), and the bottom flange of the lower bucket (21) is connected to a discharge pipe (23).

4. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A material box (6) is welded to one side of the top of the support frame (7), a step plate (29) is clamped inside the material box (6), an opening (30) is opened on one side of the bottom of the material box (6), and a material frame (9) is clamped at the bottom of the opening (30).

5. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The front side of the material frame (9) is slidably connected to a top plug (40), and both sides of the front side of the top plug (40) are equipped with pushing cylinders (41). The back side of the material frame (9) is connected to a flip plate (37) via a torsion spring. A grinding motor group (38) is installed on one side of the outside of the material frame (9), and a grinding roller (39) is installed on the inner side of the output end of the grinding motor group (38).

6. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotary buffer (27) is provided on one side of the material frame (9); the front side of the rotary buffer (27) is connected to a rotary drive motor (8); an outer annular array of the rotary buffer (27) has a buffer material cover (28); one side of the material frame (9) is fitted with the rotary buffer (27); and the rotary buffer (27) is snap-connected.

7. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A protrusion (13) is provided at the top of the conveyor (14), and a panel (12) is clamped at the top of the conveyor (14) through the protrusion (13). A lifting cylinder (15) is installed in the middle of the top of the panel (12). A vibrating material plate (16) is threadedly connected to the top of the lifting cylinder (15), and a material trough (17) is provided at the top of the vibrating material plate (16).

8. The automatic bolt cold heading device and process according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The front of the conveyor (14) is provided with a top pressure box (11), the front of the top pressure box (11) is provided with a firing pin (18), and there are three groups of firing pins (18) on the front of the top pressure box (11); the back of the conveyor (14) is provided with a mold box (10), the front of the mold box (10) is provided with a mold opening (19), and there are three groups of mold openings (19) on the front of the mold box (10).

9. An automated bolt cold heading device and process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The process flow of the bolt cold heading operation is as follows: Sp1, in the cold heading process, ML steel is selected as the raw material of the bolt, and is made into a strip-shaped bolt raw material (20), and then one end of the bolt raw material (20) is inserted into the back of the feeding port (24) in the feeding rack (2), so as to penetrate the gap between the adjustment frame strips (33) on both sides of the feeding port (24), and the internal width detection unit (31) detects the width of the bolt raw material (20), and controls the adjustment frame strip (33) to be extended and retracted by the telescopic cylinder (32) to effectively clamp the bolt raw material (20), and drives the feeding grinding wheel (34) by controlling the motor (35) and conveys the bolt forward through the feeding grinding wheel (34) The end of the raw material (20) of the bolt (20) gradually passes through the loading port (24) on the front of the loading rack (2), and the protruding length of the bolt raw material (20) is detected by the infrared scanning device (5). After the desired production bolt length is detected, the shearing controller (25) controls the shearing component (26) to shear the protruding bolt raw material (20). The sheared bolt raw material (20) falls into the clamping frame (22), and falls into the unloading box (6) in an orderly manner through the lower bucket (21) and the discharge pipe (23), and enters the material frame (9) in an orderly manner through the step plate (29) and the opening (30) in the unloading box (6). Sp2, after the raw material enters the material frame (9), the grinding motor group (38) drives the grinding roller (39), and the grinding roller (39) grinds the surface of the bolt raw material (20) to make it smooth when it rotates. After grinding, the top plug (40) is pushed by the cylinder member (41) and the bolt raw material (20) being ground is pushed out from the flip plate (37) through the top plug (40). The bolt raw material (20) after being pushed out will fall into the buffer material cover (28) close to one side of the rotating buffer (27). After rotating, the bolt raw material (20) will be poured into the material trough (17) of the vibrating material plate (16). Five groups of material troughs (17) are provided in the vibrating material plate (16). When the five groups of material troughs (17) are all filled, the panel (12) is transported forward by the conveyor (14) for cold heading processing. Sp3, when the panel (12) is transported to the space between the mold box (10) and the top pressure box (11) and stops transporting for a short time, the initial height of the vibrating screen plate (16) is aligned with the mold opening (19) in the bottom row on the front of the mold box (10), and the firing pins (18) in the bottom row of the top pressure box (11) push the bolt raw material (20) into the mold opening (19) in the bottom row, and the mold opening (19) pushes the bolt raw material (20) back to the material trough (17) through the cylinder assembly, and then the top cylinder assembly (15) is lifted. ) controls the vibration plate (16) to rise to a height aligned with the middle die opening (19), and the middle firing pin (18) pushes the bolt material (20) into the middle die opening (19). After the bolt material (20) is pushed back, the lifting cylinder (15) controls the vibration screen plate (16) to rise to a height aligned with the top row of die openings (19), and the firing pins (18) in the top row push the bolt material (20) into the top row of die openings (19), and then are pushed out. After three times of pressing and upsetting, the bolt material (20) is formed. Sp4. The deformation of cold forging includes both upsetting and extrusion deformation. The degree of axial deformation during upsetting is expressed by the upsetting rate. The upsetting rate calculation formula is used to express the degree of axial deformation. It is an important parameter in the cold forging process, indicating the length compression ratio of the material during the cold forging process. The formula is as follows: η h : Upsetting rate (%), h0: Initial workpiece height, h f : Height of workpiece after upsetting; Sectional shrinkage calculation formula Sectional shrinkage is used to indicate the degree of radial deformation during extrusion. This parameter reflects the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the material. The formula is as follows: η s : Sectional reduction rate (%), A0: Initial cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece, A f : Cross-sectional area of ​​the workpiece after extrusion; The deformation degree formula of three-stage upsetting is that after three-stage upsetting in the cold upsetting process, the deformation degree can be comprehensively considered in terms of axial and radial deformation, and is expressed as: or total =the h +n s η total : Total deformation degree of three times of pressing and upsetting, η h : Upsetting rate; η s : Sectional shrinkage; Reasonable upsetting force calculation formula During the cold upsetting process, reasonable upsetting force calculation is very important to ensure the quality of the finished product and avoid material cracking or other defects. The upsetting force can be calculated by the following formula: F=K×A0×σ s ×(1+n) h ) F: upsetting force; K: process coefficient, which depends on equipment and material characteristics; A0: initial workpiece cross-sectional area; σ s : Yield strength of material; η h : Upsetting rate.

10. An automated bolt cold heading device and process system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: After the cold heading, the bolts are annealed, quenched and annealed according to the performance requirements of the bolts, the bolt surfaces are electroplated and sprayed, and finally the processed bolts are packaged using a packaging machine.

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