A flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device and processing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tooth surface grinding technology for aviation damper shafts and limit gear shafts, specifically to a flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device and processing method. The device includes a manual reversing mechanism, a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism, and a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism. This invention has high processing efficiency, good precision control, and stable and reliable quality, and can meet the high-precision processing requirements of non-deformable joint fork lugs with rotating structures in mass production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tooth surface grinding technology for aviation damper shafts and limit gear shafts, specifically to a flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device and processing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the structural components of the aviation air source subsystem, there are many similar butterfly-plate type damper switches. The emergency damper shaft and the limit gear shaft need to rotate together. Due to the assembly relationship, the surface roughness and precision requirements of the outer gear surface of the damper shaft and the inner gear surface of the limit gear shaft are high. Therefore, after the gear hobbing is completed, the gear surface must be ground.

[0003] Traditional processing methods involve manual grinding, which requires holding the grinding wheel or part and repeatedly rotating it left and right while moving it back and forth to grind the tooth surface. However, manual processing is labor-intensive, has poor consistency in product size and precision control, and is inefficient, making it unsuitable for daily batch processing of parts.

[0004] Currently, there are also customized non-standard gear grinding machine tools on the market. For example, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. of Taiwan, China, has a gear grinding method with patent number TW201217089A. This processing solution is for larger gears, grinding one tooth surface at a time. Not only is the machine tool cost high, but the processing efficiency is also low.

[0005] The German patent DE102021130731A1 describes a gear grinding method and gear grinding machine. This processing scheme also involves grinding one tooth surface at a time on larger gears. However, the machine tool is expensive and the processing efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device and processing method that has high processing efficiency, good precision control, stable and reliable quality, and can meet the needs of mass production processing.

[0007] Technical solution:

[0008] A flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device includes a manual reversing mechanism, a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism, and a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism;

[0009] The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism includes a grinding head, a reciprocating mechanism guide rod, a reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve, a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot, a fixed plate, an adjustable speed motor, a signal trigger, and a relay. One end of the grinding head is threadedly connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod, which slides in a guide sleeve shaft hole on the side of the fixed plate. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, which is fixed in the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable speed motor located on one side of the fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixed to a base. The signal trigger and the adjustable speed motor are both electrically connected to the relay.

[0010] The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a support block fixing screw, a spring clip rod, a large bearing, a support plate, a gear, a support plate fixing nut, a rack, and a spring. The support block fixing screw is located within the support block and slides within a T-slot in the base, allowing the support block to move along the T-slot. The support plate is fixed to the support block. The large bearing is located within the support plate, and one end of the spring clip rod passes through the large bearing and engages with the gear. The other end of the spring clip rod is coaxially aligned with the grinding head, and the workpiece to be processed is mounted on the other end of the spring clip rod. The rack meshes with the gear, and one end of the spring is connected to the rack.

[0011] The manual reversing mechanism includes a lever fixing screw, a lever connecting rod, a lever, a lever positioning pin, and a small spring. The other end of the spring is connected to the lever connecting rod. The lever connecting rod is fixed to the support plate by the lever fixing screw and can rotate around the lever fixing screw. The small spring is set in the lever connecting rod. The lever is inserted into the lever connecting rod and presses the small spring. One end of the lever positioning pin passes through the U-shaped groove on the side of the lever connecting rod and connects to the lever. The other end is set in the guide groove on the support plate and slides with the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a T-key fixing screw and a T-slot fixing screw. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key is fixed to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot by the T-key fixing screw, and the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot is connected to the adjustable speed motor output shaft located on one side of the fixed plate by the T-slot fixing screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a protective housing, which is fixed on the base. The reciprocating mechanism guide rod, reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve, reciprocating mechanism connecting rod, reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot, fixing plate, and adjustable speed motor are all housed inside the protective housing, while the signal trigger and relay are housed on the protective housing.

[0015] Furthermore, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a clip rod fixing screw, one end of which passes through a large bearing and engages with a gear, and is fixed by the clip rod fixing screw.

[0016] Furthermore, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a handwheel nut, and the support block fixing screw passes through the support block and is connected to the handwheel nut.

[0017] Furthermore, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a support plate fixing screw. A T-slot is provided on the side of the support block. One end of the support plate fixing screw slides into the T-slot on the side of the support block, and the other end passes through the support plate and connects to the support plate fixing nut to fix the support plate to the support block.

[0018] Furthermore, the guide groove on the support plate is a "mountain" shaped guide groove, including a middle guide sleeve and left and right guide grooves, which are connected to the middle guide groove.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting fixing nut and a limiting fixing screw. The limiting fixing nut is slidably disposed in the T-slot on the base, and the limiting fixing screw is disposed in the limiting fixing nut to restrict the movement position of the support block.

[0020] A method for grinding the double tooth surfaces of flexible internal and external gears, using the aforementioned apparatus, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0021] S11, the part to be ground is installed onto the magazine clamp and fixed, and the adjustable reciprocating mechanism is rotated; the T-shaped moving support block along the base is moved so that the grinding head completely covers the part to be ground; finally, the limiting fixing nut is fixed close to the support block with the limiting fixing screw to ensure that the support block can be quickly clamped and limited when changing parts and moving it left and right;

[0022] S12, Rough Grinding: Connect the grinding head to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod via a thread. Manually rotate the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot to adjust the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, ensuring the grinding head's reciprocating stroke exceeds the length of the workpiece. Secure the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot using fixing screws. Mount the workpiece on the magazine holder. Move the support block to ensure the grinding area of ​​the workpiece is completely within the reciprocating motion of the grinding head. Secure the support block to the base using support block fixing screws and a handwheel nut. Move the limit fixing nut and use the limit fixing screw to limit and fix it close to the support block. Select ductile iron as the grinding head material. During grinding, apply W20 white corundum grinding paste to both the workpiece and the grinding head, then apply... Apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil; set the relay interval time to 3 minutes and the adjustable speed motor speed to S = 500 RPM; press and move the lever to move the lever positioning pin from the middle guide groove to the left guide groove, causing the lever connecting rod to rotate counterclockwise around the lever fixing screw, causing the spring to bend and deform, generating elastic force. Through the meshing of the rack and gear, the elastic force is transmitted to the spring clip rod, causing the workpiece to rotate. Due to the clearance fit between the workpiece and the grinding head, at this time, one side of the tooth surface of the workpiece is in close contact with the grinding head, while there is a gap between the other side of the tooth surface and the grinding head. The tooth surface in close contact with the grinding head is the grinding surface. Start the signal trigger, the motor rotates, and drives the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot and the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to rotate simultaneously, causing the grinding head to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, and perform grinding processing on the grinding surface;

[0023] After the tooth surface on one side of the workpiece is ground, press and move the lever to move the lever positioning pin from the left guide groove to the right guide groove. This causes the lever connecting rod to rotate clockwise around the lever fixing screw, causing the spring to bend and deform, generating elastic force. This elastic force is transmitted to the spring clip rod through the meshing of the rack and gear, causing the workpiece to rotate. The tooth surface on the other side is in close contact with the grinding head, forming the grinding surface. The start signal trigger rotates the motor, causing the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot and reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to rotate simultaneously. This causes the grinding head to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, grinding the grinding surface.

[0024] S13, fine grinding: Clean the parts and grinding head, apply W5 white corundum grinding paste to the parts and grinding head, and then apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil; process the tooth surfaces on both sides of the parts according to the method in step S12, set the relay interval time to 3 minutes, and set the speed of the adjustable motor to S = 800 RPM.

[0025] Beneficial effects: This paper proposes a flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device and processing method, which has high processing efficiency, good precision control, and stable and reliable quality. It can meet the high-precision processing requirements of non-deformable joint fork lugs with rotating structures in mass production. Specifically, it has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) The present invention cleverly combines a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism, a manual reversing mechanism, a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism, a grinding tool, and parts together through a base to form a flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device, which has the advantages of small size, low cost, simple processing, and strong practicality.

[0027] (2) The device of the present invention is designed with a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism. The main components are a spring and a gear rack. By utilizing the bending and self-resetting tendency of a spring, a flexible grinding force is generated, so that the gear surface of the part and the grinding tool are in continuous flexible contact during the grinding process.

[0028] (3) The device of the present invention realizes efficient processing of products. Based on the basic parameters of the teeth to be ground, a multi-tooth grinding tool is designed and processed to achieve high processing efficiency.

[0029] (4) The device of the present invention is designed with a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism to form an adjustable reciprocating motion device. By adjusting the relative eccentric distance of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing 23 and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24, the reciprocating motion can be changed, which can meet the grinding processing of gears of different lengths.

[0030] (5) The device of the present invention is designed with an adjustable speed motor 31 and a relay 33. By setting the reciprocating grinding speed and grinding time, the grinding process parameters can be adjusted and controlled to achieve product processing consistency.

[0031] (6) The device of the present invention can be designed and replaced with different grinding heads to achieve grinding processing of different gears (internal gears and external gears).

[0032] (7) The flexible grinding force of the device of the present invention is adjustable. The spring wire diameter can be adjusted to change the magnitude of the force, thereby meeting the high-efficiency grinding processing of products of different sizes and surface roughness.

[0033] (8) The device of the present invention is designed with a support plate 5, on which a lever guide groove is designed. The function and purpose of the guide groove are: ① to fix the lever so that the spring bends to generate elastic force, which is transmitted to the workpiece through the gear and rack mechanism. ② the guide groove can be designed with different arc lengths and angles to change the magnitude of the flexible grinding force. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a top view of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the flexible internal and external gear double tooth surface grinding device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the grinding head and the part;

[0043] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Support block fixing screw; 3. Magazine clamping rod; 4. Large bearing; 5. Support plate; 6. Gear; 7. Magazine clamping rod fixing screw; 8. Support plate fixing nut; 9. Rack; 10. Spring; 11. Lever fixing screw; 12. Lever connecting rod; 13. Lever; 14. Lever positioning pin; 15. Small spring; 16. Support plate fixing screw; 17. Support block; 18. Handwheel nut; 19. Grinding head; 20. Reciprocating mechanism. 21. Guide rod; 22. Reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve; 23. Reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw; 24. Reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing; 25. Reciprocating mechanism connecting rod; 26. Reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key; 27. Reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot; 28. T-key fixing screw; 29. ​​T-slot fixing screw; 30. Fixing plate; 31. Adjustable speed motor; 32. Signal trigger; 33. Relay; 34. Protective shell; 35. Limit fixing nut; 36. Limit fixing screw. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The features and illustrative embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without requiring some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples of the invention. The invention is by no means limited to any specific setups and methods set forth below, but covers any improvements, substitutions, and modifications to structures, methods, and devices without departing from the spirit of the invention. Well-known structures and techniques are not shown in the drawings and the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other, and the various embodiments can be referenced and cited in each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] One embodiment of the present invention is:

[0048] A flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device is provided, including a manual reversing mechanism, a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism, and a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism;

[0049] The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism includes a grinding head 19, a reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20, a reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve 21, a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26, a fixed plate 29, a variable speed motor 30, a signal trigger 31, and a relay 32. One end of the grinding head 19 is threadedly connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20. The reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is slidably engaged with the shaft hole of the guide sleeve 21 located on the side of the fixed plate 29. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24 is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25, which is fixed on the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 is connected to the output shaft of the variable speed motor 30 located on one side of the fixed plate 29. The fixed plate 29 is fixed on the base 1. The signal trigger 31 and the variable speed motor 30 are both electrically connected to the relay 32.

[0050] The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a support block fixing screw 2, a spring clip rod 3, a large bearing 4, a support plate 5, a gear 6, a support plate fixing nut 8, a rack 9, a spring 10, and a support block 17. The support block fixing screw 2 is disposed in the support block 17 and slides in the T-slot of the base 1, which can drive the support block 17 to move along the T-slot of the base 1. The support plate 5 is fixed to the support block 17. The large bearing 4 is disposed in the support plate 5. One end of the spring clip rod 3 passes through the large bearing 4 and engages with the gear 6. The other end of the spring clip rod 3 is coaxially disposed with the grinding head 19, and the workpiece to be processed is installed on the other end of the spring clip rod 3. The rack 9 meshes with the gear 6, and one end of the spring 10 is connected to the rack 9.

[0051] The manual reversing mechanism includes a lever fixing screw 11, a lever connecting rod 12, a lever 13, a lever positioning pin 14, and a small spring 15. The other end of the spring 10 is connected to the lever connecting rod 12. The lever connecting rod 12 is fixed to the support plate 5 by the lever fixing screw 11, and the lever connecting rod 12 can rotate around the lever fixing screw 11. The small spring 15 is disposed in the lever connecting rod 12. The lever 13 is inserted into the lever connecting rod 12 and presses the small spring 15. One end of the lever positioning pin 14 passes through the U-shaped groove on the side of the lever connecting rod 12 and is connected to the lever 13. The other end is disposed in the guide groove on the support plate 5 and slides with the guide groove.

[0052] In this embodiment, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism further includes a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw 22 and a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing 23. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24 through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw 22 and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing 23. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24 is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw 22 and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing 23.

[0053] In this embodiment, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a T-key fixing screw 27 and a T-slot fixing screw 28. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 is fixed to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 by the T-key fixing screw 27. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable speed motor 30 located on one side of the fixed plate 29 by the T-slot fixing screw 28.

[0054] In this embodiment, the motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a protective shell 33, which is fixed on the base 1. The reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20, the reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve 21, the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24, the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25, the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26, the fixing plate 29, and the adjustable speed motor 30 are all disposed inside the protective shell 33. The signal trigger 31 and the relay 32 are disposed on the protective shell 33.

[0055] In this embodiment, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a clip rod fixing screw 7. One end of the clip rod 3 passes through the large bearing 4 and engages with the gear 6, and is fixed by the clip rod fixing screw 7.

[0056] In this embodiment, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a handwheel nut 18, and a support block fixing screw 2 passes through the support block 17 and is connected to the handwheel nut 18.

[0057] In this embodiment, the flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a support plate fixing screw 16. A T-slot is provided on the side of the support block 17. One end of the support plate fixing screw 16 is slidably engaged with the T-slot on the side of the support block 17, and the other end passes through the support plate 5 and is connected to the support plate fixing nut 8 to fix the support plate 5 to the support block 17.

[0058] In this embodiment, the guide groove on the support plate 5 is a "mountain" shaped guide groove, including a middle guide sleeve and left and right guide grooves, and the left and right guide grooves are connected to the middle guide groove.

[0059] In this embodiment, a limiting fixing nut 34 and a limiting fixing screw 35 are also included. The limiting fixing nut 34 is slidably disposed in the T-shaped groove on the base 1, and the limiting fixing screw 35 is disposed on the limiting fixing nut 34 to limit the movement position of the support block 17.

[0060] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for grinding the double tooth surfaces of flexible internal and external gears, using the above-mentioned apparatus, characterized by including the following steps:

[0061] S11, the part to be ground is installed on the spring clip rod 3 and fixed. The T-shaped moving support block 17 along the base 1 is adjusted by rotation to make the grinding head 19 completely cover the part to be ground. Finally, the limiting fixing nut 34 is fixed close to the support block 17 by the limiting fixing screw 35 to ensure that the support block 17 can be quickly clamped and limited when changing parts and moving it left and right.

[0062] S12, Rough Grinding: Connect the grinding head 19 to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 via a thread. Manually rotate the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 and adjust the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 to make the reciprocating stroke of the grinding head 19 greater than the length of the workpiece. Fix the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 with the fixing screw 27. Install the workpiece on the magazine clamping rod 3. Move the support block 17 to place the grinding area of ​​the workpiece completely within the reciprocating motion of the grinding head 19. Then fix the support block 17 to the base 1 with the support block fixing screw 2 and the handwheel nut 18. Move the limit fixing nut 34 and limit the fixation by the limit fixing screw 35 close to the support block 17. Select ductile iron as the grinding head material. During grinding, apply W20 white corundum grinding paste to the workpiece and the grinding head, and then apply the paste to the workpiece and the grinding head. Apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil to the grinding head; set the relay interval time to 3 minutes and the speed of the adjustable motor 30 to S = 500 RPM; press and move the lever 13 to move the lever positioning pin 14 from the middle guide groove to the left guide groove, causing the lever connecting rod 12 to rotate counterclockwise around the lever fixing screw 11, causing the spring 10 to bend and deform, generating elastic force, which is transmitted to the spring clip rod 3 through the meshing of the rack 9 and the gear 6, causing the workpiece to have a rotation tendency. Since the workpiece and the grinding head are in clearance fit, at this time, one side of the tooth surface of the workpiece is in close contact with the grinding head, and there is a gap between the other side of the tooth surface and the grinding head. The tooth surface that is in close contact with the grinding head is the grinding surface. Start the signal trigger 31, the motor rotates, and drives the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 and the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 to rotate at the same time, driving the grinding head 19 to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, and grinding the grinding surface;

[0063] After the tooth surface on one side of the workpiece is ground, press and move the lever 13 to move the lever positioning pin 14 from the left guide groove to the right guide groove. This causes the lever connecting rod 12 to rotate clockwise around the lever fixing screw 11, causing the spring 10 to bend and deform, generating elastic force. This elastic force is transmitted to the spring clip rod 3 through the meshing of the rack 9 and the gear 6, causing the workpiece to rotate. The tooth surface on the other side is in close contact with the grinding head, forming the grinding surface. The start signal trigger 31 is activated, and the motor rotates, causing the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 and the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 to rotate simultaneously. This causes the grinding head 19 to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, grinding the grinding surface.

[0064] S13, fine grinding: Clean the parts and grinding head, apply W5 white corundum grinding paste to the parts and grinding head, and then apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil; process the tooth surfaces on both sides of the parts according to the method in step S12, set the relay interval time to 3 minutes, and set the speed of the adjustable speed motor 30 to S=800RPM.

[0065] The second embodiment of the present invention is: a flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device may include: a base, a support component, a reciprocating mechanism component, a grinding head, a power component, and a double-sided flexible force-bearing mechanism composed of a spring and a gear rack, etc.

[0066] The relationships between the main mechanisms are as follows: The double-sided flexible force-bearing mechanism composed of springs and gear racks is fixed to the support plate 5 by lever fixing screw 11. The clip rod 3 is also installed on the support plate 5. The support plate is fixed to the support block 17 by fixing screw 16. There is a keyway and key positioning between the support block component 17 and the base 1. The support block can slide along the keyway of the base to meet the different processing stroke settings of the parts. The limiting fixing nut 34 can slide along the keyway of the base 1. The position of the support block 17 is positioned by the limiting fixing screw 35, which can ensure accurate positioning every time parts are loaded and unloaded. The adjustable speed motor 30 is fixed to the fixed plate 29 by screws. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26 is fixed to the adjustable speed motor shaft by T-slot fixing screw 28. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 is fixed in the T-slot by T-key fixing screw 27. The eccentric distance between the T-key and the T-slot is used to adjust the processing stroke of the reciprocating mechanism. The two ends of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod 24 are respectively fixed to the adjusting T-key and the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 by fixing screw 22 and connecting rod bearing 23. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod is connected to the grinding head by a thread, which finally realizes the relative movement between the grinding head and the workpiece.

[0067] In some embodiments, the double-tooth-surface flexible force-bearing mechanism composed of a spring and a gear rack includes: a spring clip rod 3, a large bearing 4, a support plate 5, a gear 6, a spring clip rod fixing screw 7, a support plate fixing nut 8, a rack 9, a spring 10, a lever fixing screw 11, a lever connecting rod 12, a lever 13, a lever positioning pin 14, and a small spring 15.

[0068] In some embodiments, the magazine clamp 3 is positioned on the support plate 5 via a large bearing 4, and a gear 6 is fixed to one end of the magazine clamp. The magazine clamp and gear 6 can rotate freely around the large bearing. The lower end of the rack 9 meshes with the gear 6 for transmission. The middle of the upper end of the rack 9 is connected to the lever connecting rod 12 via a spring. The spring has a predetermined compression amount. The lever fixing screw 11 fixes the lever connecting rod on the support plate 5, thereby realizing the left and right lever adjustment. The spring bends and deforms to generate elastic force. The elastic force is transmitted to the magazine clamp through the meshing of the gear and rack. The magazine clamp fixes the product parts, realizing the product parts generating flexible force on the left and right double tooth surfaces relative to the grinding sleeve.

[0069] In some embodiments, the lever 13 compresses the small spring 15 into the lever connecting rod 12 component and fixes it by the lever positioning pin 14. In the embodiment, the manual reversing mechanism achieves flexible left and right action by moving the lever and positioning the lever positioning pin along the guide groove of the support plate 5.

[0070] In some embodiments, the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key 25 cooperates with the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot 26. The T-key can slide relative to the T-slot, and the eccentric distance is adjusted by sliding. It is fixed by the fixing screw 27 to realize the reciprocating stroke adjustment.

[0071] In some embodiments, the base 1 has a pressure guide groove, which is used to position and fix the support block 16 and the fixing plate 29. The support block can slide along the guide groove to adjust the processing stroke of the device.

[0072] This embodiment also proposes a method for grinding the double tooth surfaces of flexible internal and external gears.

[0073] The method of the present invention will be described in general terms.

[0074] The processing method may include the following steps:

[0075] S11, the 29 fixing plate is installed on the base 1 with bolts. The motor 30 and the adjustable reciprocating mechanisms 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are fixedly installed on the adjustable speed motor shaft. The reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve 21 is fixed on 29, and the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is installed inside the guide sleeve. The grinding sleeve 19 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod. The screw 2 positions and fixes the support block 17 on the base 1 using a key and keyway. The left and right flexible force-bearing machines are fixed on the support plate 5. The support plate is fixed on the support block 17 with screws. It is necessary to adjust the common axis of the support plate 5, the large bearing 4, and the spring clip rod 3 to be coaxial with the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 and the grinding sleeve 19, and then fix them. Finally, the part to be ground is installed on the spring clip rod 3 and fixed. By rotating the adjustable reciprocating mechanism and moving the support block 17, the part to be ground is fixed in a position where the part is completely within the reciprocating grinding sleeve. Finally, the limiting nut 34 is fixed close to the support block 17 by the limiting screw 35, so that when the support block 17 is moved left or right to change the part, it can be quickly clamped and limited.

[0076] S12, coarse grinding: Select ductile iron material to make the grinding tool, use W20 white corundum grinding paste for coarse grinding. In addition to adding grinding paste, lubricating oil also needs to be applied during grinding. During grinding, the adjustable speed motor S=500RPM, the left and right flexible rotation force is about 10N.M, and coarse grinding is carried out for 3 minutes. The surface roughness can be improved to Ra0.8.

[0077] S13, Fine Grinding: The grinding tool is still made of ductile iron. W5 white corundum grinding paste is used for rough grinding. In addition to adding grinding paste, lubricating oil is also needed for grinding. During grinding, the adjustable speed motor S=800RPM, the left and right flexible rotation force is about 10N.M. Fine grinding is performed for 3 minutes, and the surface roughness can be improved to Ra0.4.

[0078] In some embodiments, a flexible grinding apparatus and processing method for dual tooth surfaces of external gears includes the following steps:

[0079] S21, the fixing plate 29 is installed on the base 1 with bolts. The motor 30 and the adjustable reciprocating mechanisms 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are fixedly installed on the adjustable speed motor shaft. The reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve 21 is fixed on 29, and the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is installed inside the guide sleeve. The external gear grinding sleeve 19 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod. The support block 17 is positioned and fixed on the base 1 by screws 2 through keys and keyways. The left and right flexible force-bearing machines are fixed on the support plate 5. The support plate is fixed on the support block 17 with screws. It is necessary to adjust the common axis of the support plate 5, the large bearing 4, and the spring clip rod 3 to be coaxial with the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 and the grinding sleeve 19, and then fix them. Finally, the part to be ground is installed on the spring clip rod 3 and fixed. By rotating the adjustable reciprocating mechanism and moving the support block 17, the part to be ground is fixed in a position where the part is completely within the reciprocating grinding sleeve. Finally, the limiting nut 34 is fixed close to the support block 17 by the limiting screw 35, so that when the support block 17 is moved left or right to change the part, it can be quickly clamped and limited.

[0080] S22, Rough grinding of the two tooth surfaces of the external gear: A grinding tool made of ductile iron is selected. W20 white corundum grinding paste is used for rough grinding. In addition to adding the grinding paste, lubricating oil is also applied during grinding. The adjustable speed motor S=500RPM is used, with a left-right flexible rotational force of approximately 10N.M. Rough grinding is performed for 3 minutes, achieving a surface roughness of Ra0.8.

[0081] S23, fine grinding of the two tooth surfaces of the external gear: The grinding tool is made of ductile iron. W5 white corundum grinding paste is used for rough grinding. In addition to adding the grinding paste, lubricating oil is also applied during grinding. The adjustable speed motor S=800RPM is used during grinding, with a left-right flexible rotation force of approximately 10N.M. Fine grinding is performed for 3 minutes, and the surface roughness is processed to Ra0.4, meeting the product usage requirements.

[0082] In some embodiments, a flexible grinding device and processing method for dual tooth surfaces of internal gears includes the following steps:

[0083] S31, the 29 fixing plate is installed on the base 1 with bolts. The motor 30 and the adjustable reciprocating mechanisms 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28 are fixedly installed on the adjustable speed motor shaft. The reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve 21 is fixed on 29, and the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 is installed inside the guide sleeve. The internal gear grinding sleeve 19 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod. The screw 2 positions and fixes the support block 17 on the base 1 through a key and keyway. The left and right flexible force-bearing machines are fixed on the support plate 5. The support plate is fixed on the support block 17 with screws. It is necessary to adjust the common axis of the support plate 5, the large bearing 4, and the spring clip rod 3 to be coaxial with the reciprocating mechanism guide rod 20 and the grinding sleeve 19, and then fix them. Finally, the part to be ground is installed on the spring clip rod 3 and fixed. By rotating the adjustable reciprocating mechanism and moving the support block 17, the part to be ground is fixed in a position where the part is completely within the reciprocating grinding sleeve. Finally, the limiting nut 34 is fixed close to the support block 17 by the limiting screw 35, so that when the support block 17 is moved left or right to change the part, it can be quickly clamped and limited.

[0084] S32, Rough grinding of the two tooth surfaces of the internal gear: A grinding tool made of ductile iron is selected. W20 white corundum grinding paste is used for rough grinding. In addition to adding the grinding paste, lubricating oil is also applied during grinding. The adjustable speed motor S=500RPM is used, with a left-right flexible rotational force of approximately 10N.M. Rough grinding is performed for 3 minutes, achieving a surface roughness of Ra0.8.

[0085] S33, fine grinding of the two tooth surfaces of the internal gear: The grinding tool is made of ductile iron. W5 white corundum grinding paste is used for rough grinding. In addition to adding the grinding paste, lubricating oil is also applied during grinding. The adjustable speed motor S=800RPM is used during grinding, with a left-right flexible rotation force of approximately 10N.M. Fine grinding is performed for 3 minutes, and the surface roughness is processed to Ra0.4, meeting the product usage requirements.

[0086] In some embodiments, a flexible grinding device and processing method for internal and external gears with dual tooth surfaces includes the following steps:

[0087] S41 proposes a grinding device capable of meeting the grinding needs of gears of different sizes and with different surface roughness accuracy requirements. This device possesses the following characteristics.

[0088] 1. The workpiece has an outer circle that allows for quick positioning and clamping;

[0089] 2. When machining the double tooth surface of an external gear, an external gear grinding sleeve can be installed for machining;

[0090] 3. When machining the double tooth surface of an internal gear, an internal gear grinding sleeve can be installed for machining;

[0091] 4. The device is easy and quick to install and disassemble;

[0092] S42, rough grinding of external gear double tooth surface machining. The cutting parameters such as the reciprocating speed of the rough grinding process device, the particle size of the grinding paste, the magnitude of the left and right flexible force, and the grinding time are determined according to the precision requirements of the product parts, the product material, the grinding sleeve material parameters, etc.

[0093] S43, rough grinding of the double tooth surface of the external gear, determining the cutting parameters such as the reciprocating speed, grinding paste particle size, and grinding time during the finishing process.

[0094] S44, rough grinding of internal gear double tooth surface machining. The cutting parameters such as the reciprocating speed of the rough grinding process device, the particle size of the grinding paste, the magnitude of the left and right flexible force, and the grinding time are determined according to the precision requirements of the product parts, the product material, the grinding sleeve material parameters, etc.

[0095] S45, rough grinding of the double tooth surface of the internal gear, determining the cutting parameters such as the reciprocating speed, grinding paste particle size, and grinding time during the finishing process.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device, characterized in that, This includes a manual reversing mechanism, a flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism, and a motor-driven reciprocating mechanism; The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism includes a grinding head, a reciprocating mechanism guide rod, a reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve, a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, a reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot, a fixed plate, an adjustable speed motor, a signal trigger, and a relay. One end of the grinding head is threadedly connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod, which slides in a guide sleeve shaft hole on the side of the fixed plate. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, which is fixed in the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable speed motor located on one side of the fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixed to a base. The signal trigger and the adjustable speed motor are both electrically connected to the relay. The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a support block fixing screw, a spring clip rod, a large bearing, a support plate, a gear, a support plate fixing nut, a rack, and a spring. The support block fixing screw is located within the support block and slides within a T-slot in the base, allowing the support block to move along the T-slot. The support plate is fixed to the support block. The large bearing is located within the support plate, and one end of the spring clip rod passes through the large bearing and engages with the gear. The other end of the spring clip rod is coaxially aligned with the grinding head, and the workpiece to be processed is mounted on the other end of the spring clip rod. The rack meshes with the gear, and one end of the spring is connected to the rack. The manual reversing mechanism includes a lever fixing screw, a lever connecting rod, a lever, a lever positioning pin, and a small spring. The other end of the spring is connected to the lever connecting rod. The lever connecting rod is fixed to the support plate by the lever fixing screw and can rotate around the lever fixing screw. The small spring is set in the lever connecting rod. The lever is inserted into the lever connecting rod and presses the small spring. One end of the lever positioning pin passes through the U-shaped groove on the side of the lever connecting rod and connects to the lever. The other end is set in the guide groove on the support plate and slides with the guide groove.

2. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and a reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism guide rod is connected to one end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing. The other end of the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod is connected to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key through the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod fixing screw and the reciprocating mechanism connecting rod bearing.

3. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a T-key fixing screw and a T-slot fixing screw. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key is fixed to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot by the T-key fixing screw. The reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot is connected to the output shaft of the adjustable speed motor located on one side of the fixed plate by the T-slot fixing screw.

4. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor-driven reciprocating mechanism also includes a protective housing, which is fixed on the base. The reciprocating mechanism guide rod, reciprocating mechanism guide sleeve, reciprocating mechanism connecting rod, reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot, fixing plate, and adjustable speed motor are all housed inside the protective housing. The signal trigger and relay are housed on the protective housing.

5. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism includes a clip rod fixing screw. One end of the clip rod passes through a large bearing and engages with a gear, and is fixed by the clip rod fixing screw.

6. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a handwheel nut, and a support block fixing screw passes through the support block and is connected to the handwheel nut.

7. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flexible double-sided force-bearing mechanism also includes a support plate fixing screw. A T-slot is provided on the side of the support block. One end of the support plate fixing screw slides into the T-slot on the side of the support block, and the other end passes through the support plate and connects to the support plate fixing nut to fix the support plate to the support block.

8. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The guide groove on the support plate is a "mountain" shaped guide groove, including a middle guide groove and left and right guide grooves, and the left and right guide grooves are connected to the middle guide groove.

9. The flexible internal and external gear double-tooth surface grinding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting fixing nut and a limiting fixing screw. The limiting fixing nut is slidably set in the T-slot on the base, and the limiting fixing screw is set in the limiting fixing nut to restrict the movement of the support block.

10. A method for grinding the double tooth surfaces of flexible internal and external gears, using the apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S11, the part to be ground is installed onto the magazine clamp and fixed, and the adjustable reciprocating mechanism is rotated; the support block is moved along the T-slot of the base so that the grinding head completely covers the part to be ground; finally, the limiting nut is fixed close to the support block with the limiting screw to ensure that the support block can be quickly clamped and limited when changing parts and moving the support block left and right. S12, Rough Grinding: Connect the grinding head to the reciprocating mechanism guide rod via a thread. Manually rotate the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot to adjust the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key, ensuring the grinding head's reciprocating stroke exceeds the length of the workpiece. Secure the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot using fixing screws. Mount the workpiece on the magazine holder. Move the support block to ensure the grinding area of ​​the workpiece is completely within the reciprocating motion of the grinding head. Secure the support block to the base using support block fixing screws and a handwheel nut. Move the limit fixing nut and use the limit fixing screw to limit and fix it close to the support block. Select ductile iron as the grinding head material. During grinding, apply W20 white corundum grinding paste to both the workpiece and the grinding head, then apply... Apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil; set the relay interval time to 3 minutes and the adjustable speed motor speed to S = 500 RPM; press and move the lever to move the lever positioning pin from the middle guide groove to the left guide groove, causing the lever connecting rod to rotate counterclockwise around the lever fixing screw, causing the spring to bend and deform, generating elastic force. Through the meshing of the rack and gear, the elastic force is transmitted to the spring clip rod, causing the workpiece to rotate. Due to the clearance fit between the workpiece and the grinding head, at this time, one side of the tooth surface of the workpiece is in close contact with the grinding head, while there is a gap between the other side of the tooth surface and the grinding head. The tooth surface in close contact with the grinding head is the grinding surface. Start the signal trigger, the motor rotates, and drives the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot and the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to rotate simultaneously, causing the grinding head to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, and perform grinding processing on the grinding surface; After the tooth surface on one side of the workpiece is ground, press and move the lever to move the lever positioning pin from the left guide groove to the right guide groove. This causes the lever connecting rod to rotate clockwise around the lever fixing screw, causing the spring to bend and deform, generating elastic force. This elastic force is transmitted to the spring clip rod through the meshing of the rack and gear, causing the workpiece to rotate. The tooth surface on the other side is in close contact with the grinding head, forming the grinding surface. The start signal trigger rotates the motor, causing the reciprocating stroke adjustment T-slot and reciprocating stroke adjustment T-key to rotate simultaneously. This causes the grinding head to reciprocate relative to the workpiece, grinding the grinding surface. S13, fine grinding: Clean the parts and grinding head, apply W5 white corundum grinding paste to the parts and grinding head, and then apply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil; process the tooth surfaces on both sides of the parts according to the method in step S12, set the relay interval time to 3 minutes, and set the speed of the adjustable motor to S = 800 RPM.

Images