Method for carrying out glass curing on reactant containing sodium element and system for treating radioactive waste sodium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste sodium treatment, in particular to a method for conducting glass curing on reactants containing sodium elements and a system for treating radioactive waste sodium, and the method comprises the steps that a glass component formula of a glass curing agent is determined; determining the mass of reactants and the mass percentage of sodium element in the reactants; determining the mass of a glass curing agent according to the determined glass component formula, the mass of reactants and the mass percent of sodium element in the reactants; mixing the obtained glass curing agent and the determined reactants, and transferring the mixed mixture into a reaction container; in an inert atmosphere, heating the reaction container containing the mixture until the mixture is molten; and annealing the obtained melt to obtain the glass condensate. The glass curing agent adopted by the method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is beneficial to improving the curing efficiency of the reactant containing the sodium element, the curing process is relatively safe, and the obtained cured glass is relatively stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of radioactive waste sodium treatment, and in particular to a method for vitrifying a reactant containing sodium elements and a system for treating radioactive waste sodium. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The sodium-cooled fast reactor is a fast neutron breeder reactor that uses liquid sodium as a coolant during the reaction process. It produces radioactive sodium waste containing slag during operation and decommissioning. Since radioactive sodium waste has the characteristics of both hazardous chemicals and radioactive waste, it needs to be safely handled. The current treatment method for radioactive sodium waste is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0004] A brief overview of the present application is provided below in order to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify the key or important parts of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is merely to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for glass solidification of a reactant containing a sodium element, comprising: S1, determining a glass component formula of a glass solidifier, the component formula including the type of glass component and the mass percentage of each type of glass component in the glass solidifier; S2, determining the mass of the reactant and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactant; S3, determining the mass of the glass solidifier according to the glass component formula determined in step S1, the mass of the reactant determined in step S2, and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactant; S4, mixing the glass solidifier obtained in step S3 and the reactant determined in step S2, and transferring the mixed mixture into a reaction container; S5, heating the reaction container containing the mixture under an inert atmosphere until the mixture melts; S6, annealing the melt obtained in step S5 to obtain a glass solidifier.

[0006] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the mass of the glass curing agent according to the glass component formula of the glass curing agent, the mass of the reactants and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactants, so that the reactants are glass-cured using the determined glass curing agent under an inert atmosphere. The glass curing agent used in this method has a high capacity for sodium oxidation products, which is beneficial to improving the curing efficiency of the reactants containing the sodium element. At the same time, the curing process is safer and the stability of the obtained glass cured product is higher.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a system for treating radioactive waste sodium, comprising: a sodium storage device, a sodium treatment device, a transfer device and a glass solidification device, wherein the sodium storage device is used to transport liquid sodium to the sodium treatment device; the sodium treatment device is used to receive liquid sodium and perform oxidation-reduction treatment on metallic sodium in the liquid sodium to obtain sodium oxidation products; the transfer device is used to collect the sodium oxidation products obtained after treatment by the sodium treatment device and transfer the sodium oxidation products to the glass solidification device; the glass solidification device is used to perform glass solidification on the sodium oxidation products by the method of the embodiment of the present application under an inert atmosphere to obtain a glass solidified material.

[0008] These and other advantages of the present application will become more apparent through the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings together with the following detailed description are included in this specification and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings only describe typical examples of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for glass solidification of a reactant containing sodium element according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a system for treating radioactive waste sodium according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sodium treatment device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view of a sodium handling device is shown.

[0014] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0015] Description of reference numerals:

[0016] 10. Sodium storage device;

[0017] 11. Sodium processing device;

[0018] 111, first container body; 1110, first chamber; 1111, first shell; 11111, opening; 1112, second shell; 1113, sealing member; 11131, gas flow port; 11132, tail gas outlet; 11133, pressure regulating port; 1114, cover; 11141, air inlet; 11142, first heating interface; 112, second container body; 1120, second chamber; 1121, heat conduction liquid inlet; 1122, heat conduction liquid outlet; 1123, second heating interface; 113, barrier; 114, heating assembly; 1141, first heating member; 1142, second heating member; 1151, first sealing connector; 1152, second sealing connector;

[0019] 12. Transfer device;

[0020] 13. Glass curing device;

[0021] 14. Exhaust gas treatment device;

[0022] 15. Inert gas buffer container;

[0023] 16. Pure water device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of the actual implementation are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary from implementation to implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is only a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0025] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not very relevant to the present application are omitted.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In the related art, the traditional method for treating radioactive waste sodium mainly utilizes sodium-water reaction to convert liquid metal sodium into stable radioactive alkali solution, and then performs secondary solidification treatment on the radioactive alkali solution. For example, radioactive waste sodium can be solidified by glass solidification. During the glass solidification process, a certain oxidant needs to be added, and then the radioactive waste sodium is rapidly converted by self-propagating reaction and utilizing the heat released by the reaction. However, the curing effect of the glass curing agent used in the current glass solidification method is not ideal, and the efficiency of treating radioactive waste sodium is low, and the stability of the obtained solidified product is also poor.

[0029] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for glass solidification of reactants containing sodium element. Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for glass solidification of a reactant containing sodium element according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps S1 to S6.

[0030] S1. Determine a glass component formula of a glass curing agent, wherein the component formula includes the type of glass component and the mass percentage of each type of glass component in the glass curing agent.

[0031] S2. Determine the mass of the reactants and the mass percentage of sodium in the reactants.

[0032] S3. Determine the mass of the glass curing agent according to the glass component formula determined in step S1, the mass of the reactants determined in step S2, and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactants.

[0033] S4, mixing the glass curing agent obtained in step S3 and the reactants determined in step S2, and transferring the mixed mixture into a reaction container.

[0034] S5. Under an inert atmosphere, heating the reaction container containing the mixture until the mixture is melted.

[0035] S6. Annealing the melt obtained in step S5 to obtain a glass solid.

[0036] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the mass of the glass curing agent according to the glass component formula of the glass curing agent, the mass of the reactants and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactants, so that the reactants are glass-cured using the determined glass curing agent under an inert atmosphere, which is beneficial to improving the curing efficiency of the reactants containing the sodium element. At the same time, the curing process has higher safety and the obtained glass cured product has higher stability.

[0037] In some embodiments, the sodium-containing reactant treated by the method provided in the embodiment of the present application is a sodium oxidation product, and the glass curing agent used in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application has a high inclusion capacity for the sodium oxidation product.

[0038] In some embodiments, the reaction vessel is a corundum crucible.

[0039] In some embodiments, the glass curing agent obtained in step S3 and the reactants determined in step S2 can be placed in a mortar for thorough grinding and mixing to obtain a mixture.

[0040] In some embodiments, the material of the mortar can be glass.

[0041] In some embodiments, in the mixture of the glass curing agent and the reactants, the sum of the mass percentage of the reactants and the mass percentage of each type of glass component is 100%, so as to ensure the curing effect of the glass curing.

[0042] In some embodiments, the glass curing agent is weighed in a ratio of 55%-75% by mass to the reactant in a ratio of 25%-45% by mass, and the weighed product is placed in a glass mortar for grinding.

[0043] In some embodiments, the reactants include Fe2O3 and Na2O, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of Fe2O3 and Na2O in the mixture is 25%-45%.

[0044] In some embodiments, step S5 includes: S51, heating a reaction container containing the mixture at a predetermined heating rate under an inert atmosphere; S52, after the heating temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, maintaining the predetermined temperature for a predetermined time to allow the mixture to fully melt.

[0045] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application heats the mixture at a predetermined heating rate under an inert atmosphere, which is beneficial to avoid the air from coming into contact with the metallic sodium in the mixture and reacting, thereby affecting the glass solidification effect of the metallic sodium. After the heating temperature reaches the predetermined temperature, it is maintained for a predetermined time, which is beneficial to ensure the melting effect of the molten material.

[0046] In some embodiments, the corundum crucible containing the mixture can be transferred to a muffle furnace for heating.

[0047] In some embodiments, the predetermined temperature is 1100° C., so as to avoid volatilization as much as possible while achieving a good glass solidification effect.

[0048] In some embodiments, the predetermined time is within the range of 1-3 hours to ensure that the glass is melted more uniformly so that the melting effect can meet the requirements.

[0049] In some embodiments, step S6 includes: cooling the melt to room temperature to obtain a glass solid.

[0050] In some embodiments, after the melt is obtained in the muffle furnace, the melt may be furnace-cooled until the temperature is cooled to room temperature.

[0051] In some embodiments, the cooling rate of the furnace cooling is 1-3° C. / min.

[0052] In some embodiments, before step S4, the step further includes: cleaning the reaction container, and drying the cleaned reaction container to avoid introducing new impurities during the glass solidification process.

[0053] In some embodiments, the reaction container for melting glass may be cleaned first, and then placed in an oven at a predetermined drying temperature for drying.

[0054] In some embodiments, the predetermined drying temperature is 90°C.

[0055] In some embodiments, when the glass component formula is a quaternary formula system, the types of glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3 and CaO, wherein the mass percentage of SiO2 is 37%-51%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 11%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 4%-5%, and the mass percentage of CaO is 2%-3%.

[0056] In some embodiments, when the glass component formula is a five-component formula system, the types of glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, CaO and ZrO2, wherein the mass percentage of SiO2 is 35%-48%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 10%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 3%-6%, the mass percentage of CaO is 3%-5%, and the mass percentage of ZrO2 is 2%-3%.

[0057] In some embodiments, when the glass component formula is a six-component formula system, the types of glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, CaO, ZrO2 and LiO2, wherein the mass percentage of SiO2 is 34%-46%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 10%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 3%-5%, the mass percentage of CaO is 3%-4%, the mass percentage of ZrO2 is 2%-3%, and the mass percentage of LiO2 is 1%-2%.

[0058] The embodiments of the present application provide three different formulation systems, namely quaternary, quinary and hexavalent, which can be used for vitrification of radioactive waste sodium, and have a high capacity for sodium oxidation products, so that the nuclide leaching rate in the vitrified material can meet the treatment requirements of radioactive waste sodium.

[0059] In some embodiments, due to the danger of radioactive operations, the radioactive components involved in the glass component formula are replaced with non-radioactive components.

[0060] In some embodiments, the glass component formula provided by the embodiments of the present application can have a capacity of 25-45% for sodium oxidation products.

[0061] The following is a five-element glass formula system containing Fe2O3 (20%) and Na2O (25%) as an example to describe in detail the process of glass solidification of a reactant containing 20% ​​Fe2O3 and 25% Na2O using the glass solidification method of the embodiment of the present application:

[0062] The first step is to clean the corundum crucible used to melt the glass solidification material and place it in an oven for mixing and drying.

[0063] In the second step, according to the specific content of each glass component in the predetermined glass component formula, the glass curing agent and reactants are weighed. The masses of the glass components are: SiO2 (35-48g), B2O3 (10-15g), Al2O3 (3-6g), CaO (3-5g), ZrO2 (2-3g), and the masses of the reactants are: Fe2O3 (20g), Na2O (25g), totaling 100g, among which the reactants are replaced by Fe2O3 (20g) and Na2O (25g), and the inclusion rate is 45%.

[0064] The third step is to place the weighed reactants and glass curing agent in a glass mortar and grind them thoroughly to mix them evenly, and then transfer the evenly mixed mixture to a corundum crucible to be used.

[0065] In the fourth step, the corundum crucible was transferred to a muffle furnace in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the temperature was increased to 1100°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, and then the heating was stopped after being kept at 1100°C for 1 hour.

[0066] The fifth step is to anneal the molten glass at a rate of 1-3°C / min until the temperature drops to room temperature, thereby obtaining a glass solid.

[0067] An embodiment of the present application also provides a system for processing radioactive waste sodium. Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of a system for treating radioactive waste sodium (hereinafter referred to as a treatment system) according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the processing system may include a sodium storage device 10 , a sodium processing device 11 , a transfer device 12 , and a glass solidification device 13 .

[0068] The sodium storage device 10 is used to store radioactive waste sodium to be processed, and is configured to transport liquid sodium to the sodium processing device 11 at a predetermined speed.

[0069] The sodium processing device 11 is used to receive liquid sodium and perform oxidation-reduction treatment on the metallic sodium in the liquid sodium to obtain a sodium oxidation product.

[0070] The transfer device 12 is used to collect the sodium oxidation products obtained after being treated by the sodium treatment device 11 and transfer the sodium oxidation products to the glass solidification device 13.

[0071] The glass solidification device 13 is used to perform glass solidification on the sodium oxidation product under an inert atmosphere using the glass solidification method of an embodiment of the present application to obtain a glass solidified material.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the sodium treatment device 11 performs oxidation-reduction treatment on the liquid sodium transported by the sodium storage device 10, so as to achieve safe conversion of radioactive waste sodium containing insoluble impurities, and the treatment process is relatively mild and the treatment efficiency is high. At the same time, since the sodium storage device 10 transports liquid sodium to the sodium treatment device 11 at a predetermined speed, it is conducive to ensuring that the sodium smoothly undergoes oxidation-reduction reaction, and the purpose of treating a large amount of radioactive waste sodium at one time can also be achieved. Then, the sodium oxidation product obtained after being treated by the sodium treatment device 11 is transferred to the glass solidification device 13 by the transfer device 12, thereby achieving glass solidification of the radioactive waste sodium and ensuring the treatment effect of the radioactive waste sodium.

[0073] In some embodiments, the processing system includes a sodium delivery pipeline. The sodium storage device 10 is configured as a pressure device and is connected to the sodium processing device 11 through the sodium delivery pipeline to deliver liquid sodium to the sodium processing device 11.

[0074] In some embodiments, the sodium storage device 10 includes a sodium storage container and a sodium storage heater. The sodium storage container is used to store radioactive waste sodium to be processed. The sodium storage heater can be arranged outside the sodium storage container to heat the radioactive waste sodium stored therein to form liquid sodium.

[0075] In some embodiments, the sodium storage device 10 further includes a heat-insulating member disposed outside the sodium storage container for heat-insulating the sodium storage container. For example, the heat-insulating member may be heat-insulating cotton.

[0076] In some embodiments, the sodium storage device 10 further includes a temperature measuring component and a cooling component. The temperature measuring component and the cooling component are arranged on the top of the sodium storage container, the temperature measuring component is used to detect the temperature in the sodium storage container, and the cooling component is used to cool and collect the evaporated sodium vapor in the sodium storage container.

[0077] In some embodiments, the temperature measuring element is a thermocouple, and the cooling element is a sodium vapor trap.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sodium storage device 10 further includes a pressure vessel which is in fluid communication with the sodium storage container and is used to provide a slightly positive pressure inert gas atmosphere for the sodium storage container and to press the liquid sodium in the sodium storage container into the sodium processing device 11 by gas pressure during the redox reaction.

[0079] In some embodiments, the sodium processing device 11 may be a high-temperature reactor.

[0080] In some embodiments, the transfer device 12 may include a moving part and a moving container. The moving container is disposed on the moving part and is used to collect the sodium oxidation product obtained after being processed by the sodium processing device 11. The moving part is used to move the moving container to the glass solidification device 13.

[0081] In some embodiments, the movable container may be a crucible. A pre-prepared glass curing agent for glass curing is added to the crucible. It is understood that the movable container and the reaction container in the embodiments of the present application may be the same crucible.

[0082] In some embodiments, the glass solidification device 13 may be a muffle furnace.

[0083] In some embodiments, the glass curing device 13 includes a glass curing container and a glass curing heating element.

[0084] The glass solidification container forms a reaction chamber for performing a vitrification reaction of the sodium oxidation product and the glass solidification agent. The glass solidification container adopts a bottom-opening door. When the bottom of the glass solidification container is opened, the conveyor can first transfer the crucible to the bottom of the glass solidification device 13 and then lift it up to transfer the crucible to the reaction chamber inside the glass solidification container.

[0085] The glass solidification heating element is arranged in the glass solidification container and is used to heat the internal reaction chamber. The glass solidification heating element can be a heating electrode.

[0086] In some embodiments, the glass solidification device 13 further comprises a temperature measuring element and a stirring element. The temperature measuring element is configured to continuously detect the temperature in the reaction chamber. The stirring element is disposed in the reaction chamber of the glass solidification container to stir the molten glass.

[0087] In some embodiments, the inert atmosphere is an argon atmosphere.

[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sodium treatment device 11 according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the sodium processing device 11 may include a first container body 111 , a second container body 112 , a plurality of barriers 113 and a heating assembly 114 .

[0089] The first container body 111 is formed with a first chamber 1110, and the first chamber 1110 is used to contain liquid sodium and an oxidant for performing an oxidation-reduction reaction with the liquid sodium, and to provide a reaction space for the oxidation-reduction reaction; the first container body 111 is connected to the sodium storage device 10 to receive the liquid sodium transported from the sodium processing device 11; the second container body 112 is arranged outside the first container body 111 to form a second chamber 1120 with the outer wall of the first container body 111, and the top and bottom of the first container body 111 extend outwardly along the second container body 112 respectively, and are used to heat the first chamber 1110 in a heated state, and at the same time, are used to heat the first chamber 1110 in an oxidation-reduction state. In the original reaction state, the reaction heat of the first chamber 1110 is removed; multiple barriers 113, the multiple barriers 113 are respectively arranged in the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111, and one barrier 113 is arranged near the top of the first chamber 1110, and the other barrier 113 is arranged near the bottom of the first chamber 1110, and the barrier 113 is used to block the reactants in the redox reaction; a heating component 114, the heating component 114 is partially arranged outside the first container body 111, and partially arranged outside the second container body 112, for heating the interior of the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111 and the interior of the second chamber 1120 of the second container body 112.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, the sodium processing device 11 is configured to include a first container body 111, a second container body 112, a plurality of barriers 113 and a heating assembly 114. The heating assembly 114 can be used to heat the interior of the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111 and the interior of the second chamber 1120 of the second container body 112, respectively, to ensure that there is sufficient reaction space when the redox reaction is performed, thereby ensuring that the redox reaction proceeds smoothly, and the barrier 113 is used to prevent the reactants from leaving the reaction space, so as to further improve the reliability of the redox reaction.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first container body 111 may be a barrel-shaped container, and the second container body 112 may be a table-shaped container, so as to save the space occupied by the structure while ensuring that the redox reaction can fully react.

[0092] In some embodiments, before treating the radioactive waste sodium, an oxidant may be added into the first container body 111 of the sodium treatment device 11 to perform an oxidation-reduction reaction with the liquid sodium, thereby obtaining a sodium oxidation product.

[0093] In some embodiments, the oxidizing agent may be iron oxide powder.

[0094] In some embodiments, the barrier 113 disposed near the bottom of the first chamber 1110 can also be used to collect the sodium oxidation product.

[0095] In some embodiments, the heating component 114 can be used to heat the interior of the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111 and the interior of the second chamber 1120 of the second container body 112. After being heated to a predetermined reaction temperature, the sodium storage device 10 starts to transport liquid sodium at a predetermined speed into the first container body 111. Exemplarily, the heating component 114 can heat the iron oxide powder inside the first chamber 1110.

[0096] In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction temperature is in the range of 380-400° C. For example, the predetermined reaction temperature is 380° C.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first container body 111 includes a first shell 1111, a second shell 1112, a seal 1113, and a cover 1114; the first end of the first shell 1111 is connected to the seal 1113, and the second end of the first shell 1111 forms a funnel-shaped opening 11111; the first shell 1111 forms a sodium transport portion, and the sodium storage device 10 is connected to the first shell 1111 through the sodium transport portion; the first end of the second shell 1112 is connected to the second end of the first shell 1111, and the second end of the second shell 1112 is connected to the cover 1114, and the cover 1114 is used to open or close the first chamber 1110, wherein the cover 1114 is configured to: when opened, the sodium oxidation product can be removed from the first chamber 1110, and when closed, the first chamber 1110 can be sealed.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, by configuring the first container body 111 to include a first shell 1111, a second shell 1112, a seal 1113, and a cover 1114, it is possible to save structural space while further ensuring that the redox reaction has sufficient reaction space. The cover 1114 is then used to open or close the first chamber 1110 to facilitate the transfer of the oxidation product, and the operation is relatively simple.

[0099] In some embodiments, the liquid sodium stored in the sodium storage device 10 may be transported to the reaction space of the first container body 111 via the sodium transport pipeline and the sodium transport portion of the first container body 111 .

[0100] In some embodiments, the sodium delivery part can be a dropper, one end of the sodium delivery pipeline is connected to the dropper, and the other end is connected to the sodium storage container, which is used to drop liquid sodium into the reaction space of the first container body 111 under pressure. By setting the sodium delivery part as a dropper structure, it is easy to control the dripping speed of the liquid sodium when delivering liquid sodium to the reaction space of the first container body 111, so as to ensure that the redox reaction can be fully carried out.

[0101] In some embodiments, the sodium processing device 11 further includes a first sealing connector 1151 and a second sealing connector 1152. The first sealing connector 1151 is used to seal the first end of the first housing 1111 with the sealing member 1113. The second sealing member 1113 is used to seal the second end of the second housing 1112 with the cover 1114.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first sealing connector 1151 and the second sealing connector 1152 are clamps.

[0103] In some embodiments, a barrier 113 is disposed at a position where the first end of the first shell 1111 is connected to the seal 1113, and another barrier 113 is disposed at a second end of the second shell 1112 and connected to the cover 1114 to prevent the oxidant from leaving the reaction space for redox reaction.

[0104] In some embodiments, a gas inlet 11141 is formed on the cover 1114 , and the gas inlet 11141 is used to transport an inert gas into the first chamber 1110 to ensure that the first chamber 1110 is filled with the inert gas, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the redox reaction.

[0105] like Figure 3 As shown, the air inlet 11141 may be disposed at the lower portion of the cover 1114 to allow the oxidant powder in the first chamber 1110 to be in a fluidized state.

[0106] In some embodiments, the seal 1113 forms a gas flow port 11131, and the gas flow port 11131 is used to evacuate the first chamber 1110 during the process of conveying inert gas into the first chamber 1110, so as to replace the gas in the first chamber 1110 and avoid air residue.

[0107] In some embodiments, the gas flow port 11131 may be a vacuum interface. The processing system further includes a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum interface and is used to evacuate the first chamber 1110 and continuously deliver inert gas to the first chamber 1110 through the gas inlet 11141 on the cover 1114 during evacuation, thereby replacing the gas in the first chamber 1110.

[0108] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The processing system of the embodiment of the present application further includes an inert gas buffer container 15, which is fluidically connected to the sodium processing device 11 and the glass solidification device 13, respectively, and is used to transport inert gas to the sodium processing device 11 and the glass solidification device 13, respectively.

[0109] The embodiment of the present application connects the inert gas buffer container 15 with the sodium treatment device 11 and the glass solidification device 13 respectively through fluids, which helps to ensure that the operations involved in the redox process and the glass solidification process can be carried out in an inert atmosphere, thereby avoiding the metallic sodium from reacting with the air.

[0110] In some embodiments, the gas inlet 11141 on the cover 1114 is in fluid communication with the inert gas buffer container 15 to deliver the inert gas into the first chamber 1110 .

[0111] In some embodiments, the seal 1113 further forms a pressure regulating port 11133 for regulating the pressure in the first chamber 1110 so that the pressure in the first chamber 1110 is maintained within a predetermined range.

[0112] In some embodiments, the sodium processing device 11 further includes a safety valve, which is connected to the pressure regulating port 11133 and is used to regulate the pressure in the first chamber 1110 .

[0113] In some embodiments, the second container body 112 is formed with a heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121 and a heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122, and the heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121 and the heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the second container body 112, and the heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122 is relatively arranged above the heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121, so that when the heat-conducting liquid flows from the heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121 to the heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122, convection is formed with the gas in the second chamber 1120, and at the same time, gas residue is prevented in the second chamber 1120.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121 and the heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the second container body 112, and the heat-conducting liquid outlet 1122 is relatively arranged above the heat-conducting liquid inlet 1121. This is beneficial for forming hot air convection when the heat-conducting liquid enters and flows out of the second chamber 1120, thereby ensuring the heating effect and preventing gas residue in the second chamber 1120, which is beneficial to accelerating the reaction process of the redox reaction.

[0115] In some embodiments, the sodium processing device 11 further includes a centrifugal pump, which is disposed in the heat transfer liquid loop and is used to force the heat transfer liquid to circulate so as to form convection with the gas in the second chamber 1120 .

[0116] In some embodiments, a centrifugal pump may be used as the sole power source for circulating the thermal fluid loop.

[0117] In some embodiments, after the heat transfer liquid enters the second chamber 1120 through the heat transfer liquid inlet 1121, it can be forced to circulate using a centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump can be configured to automatically start when the temperature of the heat transfer oil is higher than the predetermined reaction temperature, so that the temperature of the heat transfer oil is maintained within the predetermined reaction temperature range.

[0118] In some embodiments, the heat transfer liquid may be heat transfer oil. The functions of the heat transfer oil are mainly divided into two parts: in the heating stage, the heat transfer oil in the second chamber 1120 can be used to assist in heating the oxidant in the first chamber 1110; in the reaction stage, the heat transfer oil in the second chamber 1120 can be forced to circulate under the action of a centrifugal pump to remove the heat of the first chamber 1110, so that it is maintained within a predetermined reaction temperature range, and at the same time prevent the heat transfer oil in the second chamber 1120 from overheating and causing the heat transfer oil to coke.

[0119] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the heating assembly 114 includes a first heating element 1141 and a second heating element 1142; the first heating element 1141 is arranged inside the first container body 111, and the extension direction of the first heating element 1141 is parallel to the axial direction of the first container body 111, and is used to heat the oxidant in the first chamber 1110; the second heating element 1142 is arranged inside the second container body 112, and the extension direction of the second heating element 1142 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first container body 111, and is used to directly heat the heat-conducting liquid in the second chamber 1120, thereby indirectly heating the oxidant in the first chamber 1110; wherein, the heating power of the first heating element 1141 is greater than the heating power of the second heating element 1142.

[0120] The embodiment of the present application heats the oxidant in the first container body 111 and the heat-conducting liquid in the second container body 112 respectively by the first heating element 1141 and the second heating element 1142, which is beneficial to ensure that the reaction temperature can reach and remain at a predetermined reaction temperature, thereby ensuring that the redox reaction proceeds smoothly.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first heating element 1141 and the second heating element 1142 may be electric heating rods.

[0122] In some embodiments, the heating power of the first heating element 1141 may be 2 kW, and the heating power of the second heating element 1142 may be 0.5 kW.

[0123] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, a first heating interface 11142 may be formed on the first container body 111. The first heating element 1141 is disposed inside the first container body 111 through the first heating interface 11142.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first heating interface 11142 is formed at the bottom of the cover 1114 of the first container body 111 .

[0125] In some embodiments, Figure 4 is a top view of a sodium processing device according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a second heating interface 1123 may be formed on the second container body 112. The second heating element 1142 is disposed inside the second container body 112 through the second heating interface 1123.

[0126] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The treatment system of the embodiment of the present application further includes a tail gas treatment device 14, which is fluidically connected to the sodium treatment device 11 and is used to treat the tail gas generated during the redox treatment process.

[0127] The embodiment of the present application connects the tail gas treatment device 14 with the sodium treatment device 11 fluidly, which is beneficial to purify the gas generated during the redox treatment of sodium and avoid pollution.

[0128] In some embodiments, the seal 1113 further forms an exhaust outlet 11132. The exhaust outlet 11132 is in fluid communication with the exhaust treatment device 14, and is used to discharge the exhaust in the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111 to the exhaust treatment device 14, so that the exhaust generated during the oxidation-reduction treatment process can be treated by the exhaust treatment device 14.

[0129] In some embodiments, the tail gas treatment device 14 may also be in fluid communication with the glass solidification container of the glass solidification device 13 to treat the argon gas in the glass solidification container.

[0130] In some embodiments, the treatment system further includes a pure water device 16, which is fluidically connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 14 and is used to provide the exhaust gas treatment device 14 with water required for treating the exhaust gas. The pure water device 16 includes a liquid providing member and a liquid storage member. The liquid storage member is used to store and provide the exhaust gas treatment device 14 with water required for exhaust gas treatment. The liquid storage member is used to prepare the water required for exhaust gas treatment and transport it to the liquid storage member for storage.

[0131] The following describes a process of treating radioactive waste sodium containing slag using the method and system of the embodiment of the present application according to a specific embodiment.

[0132] Example

[0133] (1) Radioactive waste sodium containing slag is placed in a sodium storage container, and then the sodium storage container is connected to the first container body 111 of the sodium processing device 11 through a sodium conveying pipe, and the first chamber 1110 of the first container body 111 is evacuated and replaced with argon gas.

[0134] (2) After the vacuuming is completed, the sodium storage container and the sodium delivery pipe are heated. At the same time, iron oxide powder is added to the first container body 111, and a glass curing agent is added to the glass curing container. The iron oxide powder is heated by the heating component 114, and the iron oxide powder is fluidized by the inert gas buffer container 15.

[0135] (3) When the liquid sodium is heated to 400°C and the temperature in the first chamber 1110 is maintained between 380-390°C, the liquid sodium in the sodium storage container is added to the first chamber 1110 at a certain flow rate through the pressure vessel until 5 kg of sodium is completely reacted. The sodium is dripped into the first chamber 1110 in the form of droplets through the sodium delivery portion of the first container body 111 to perform an oxidation-reduction reaction. During the reaction, the heat of the reaction needs to be removed in time to ensure that the reaction temperature does not exceed the temperature range of the start of the reaction.

[0136] (4) When the reaction is completed and the temperature in the first chamber 1110 drops to room temperature, the lid is opened to transfer the sodium oxidation product to a crucible (movable container) through a movable member. The crucible is then transferred to a glass solidification container and the glass solidification container is covered with argon. The temperature is then raised to 1100°C according to a predetermined heating program and maintained for 1-3 hours to ensure uniform melting of the glass.

[0137] (5) After the glass is melted, the glass is cooled and annealed at a cooling rate of 1-3°C / min. When the temperature drops to room temperature, a glass solid can be obtained.

[0138] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0139] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for vitrifying a reactant containing sodium, characterized in that: It includes: S1. Determine a glass component formula of a glass curing agent, wherein the component formula includes types of glass components and mass percentages of each type of glass components in the glass curing agent; S2. Determine the mass of the reactant and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactant; S3, determining the mass of the glass curing agent according to the glass component formula determined in step S1, the mass of the reactants determined in step S2, and the mass percentage of the sodium element in the reactants; S4, mixing the glass curing agent obtained in step S3 and the reactant determined in step S2, and transferring the mixed mixture into a reaction container; S5. Under an inert atmosphere, heating the reaction container containing the mixture until the mixture is melted; S6. Annealing the melt obtained in step S5 to obtain a glass solid.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In the mixture of the glass curing agent and the reactant, the sum of the mass percentage of the reactant and the mass percentage of each type of glass component is 100%.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The reactants include Fe2O3 and Na2O, Wherein, in the mixture, the sum of the mass percentages of the Fe2O3 and the Na2O is 25%-45%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The S5 step includes: S51, heating the reaction container containing the mixture at a predetermined heating rate under an inert atmosphere; S52: After the heating temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the predetermined temperature is maintained for a predetermined time to allow the mixture to fully melt.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The predetermined duration is within the range of 1-3 hours.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S6 includes: cooling the melt to room temperature to obtain the glass solid.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before the S4 step, the method further includes: The reaction container is cleaned and then dried.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the glass component formula is a quaternary formula system, the types of the glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3 and CaO, Among them, the mass percentage of SiO2 is 37%-51%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 11%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 4%-5%, and the mass percentage of CaO is 2%-3%.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the glass component formula is a five-component formula system, the types of the glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, CaO and ZrO2, Among them, the mass percentage of SiO2 is 35%-48%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 10%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 3%-6%, the mass percentage of CaO is 3%-5%, and the mass percentage of ZrO2 is 2%-3%.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the glass component formula is a six-component formula system, the types of the glass components in the glass component formula include SiO2, B2O3, Al2O3, CaO, ZrO2 and LiO2, Among them, the mass percentage of SiO2 is 34%-46%, the mass percentage of B2O3 is 10%-15%, the mass percentage of Al2O3 is 3%-5%, the mass percentage of CaO is 3%-4%, the mass percentage of ZrO2 is 2%-3%, and the mass percentage of LiO2 is 1%-2%.

11. A system for treating radioactive waste sodium, characterized in that: It includes: Sodium Storage, sodium handling, transfer and vitrification equipment, The sodium storage device is used to transport liquid sodium to the sodium processing device; The sodium processing device is used to receive the liquid sodium and perform oxidation-reduction treatment on the metallic sodium in the liquid sodium to obtain a sodium oxidation product; The transfer device is used to collect the sodium oxidation product obtained after being treated by the sodium treatment device and transfer the sodium oxidation product to the glass solidification device; The glass solidification device is used to perform glass solidification on the sodium oxidation product by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10 under an inert atmosphere to obtain a glass solidified material.

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