A longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system, including test table, test box and shield tunneling model are arranged on the test table, the shield tunneling model includes shield structure, tunneling drive mechanism and angle adjusting mechanism;The side of the test box close to the shield tunneling model is provided with mounting hole, the shield structure passes through the mounting hole and extends into test soil body;The shield structure includes shield segment, the shield segment outside is equipped with shield shell, the front end of the shield shell is detachably connected with cutterhead, the cutterhead is rotatably arranged relative to the front end of the shield shell, the cutterhead is connected with the tunneling drive mechanism by transmission rod;The shield shell is provided with grouting structure, the grouting structure is connected with grouting control device by grouting outer tube;The end of the shield segment away from the cutterhead is connected with mounting hole by flexible elastic connecting assembly.The application simulates the whole process of shield tunneling of multi-angle longitudinal slope tunnel to the greatest extent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield tunneling simulation, in particular to a longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shield method is a fully mechanized construction method of tunneling, because of large engineering instruments and complex working conditions, it is necessary to simulate the shield tunneling process in advance. However, the current simulation equipment is relatively simple in simulating the tunneling structure, which leads to a large difference from the actual working condition, and it is impossible to simulate the tunneling process with changing slope or the simulation structure related to changing slope is relatively complex, which affects the actual effect of shield tunneling simulation test. It is difficult to simulate the whole process of real shield tunneling to the greatest extent. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system, which can simulate the whole process of shield tunneling of multi-angle longitudinal slope tunnel to the greatest extent.

[0004] Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system of the present application comprises a test table, a test box and a shield tunneling model are arranged on the test table, the shield tunneling model comprises a shield structure, a tunneling driving mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism;

[0005] The angle adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the tunneling slope, and the tunneling driving mechanism is used for driving the shield structure to tunnel along the adjusted tunneling slope direction;

[0006] The test box is used for containing test soil, and an installation hole is arranged on the side of the test box close to the shield tunneling model, the shield structure penetrates through the installation hole and extends into the test soil;

[0007] The shield structure comprises a shield segment, a shield shell is sleeved on the outside of the shield segment, a cutter head is detachably connected to the front end of the shield shell, the cutter head is rotatably arranged relative to the front end of the shield shell, and the cutter head is connected with the tunneling driving mechanism through a transmission rod;

[0008] The shield shell is provided with a grouting structure, and the grouting structure is connected with a grouting control device through a grouting outer pipe;

[0009] The end of the shield segment away from the cutter head is connected with the installation hole through a flexible elastic connecting assembly.

[0010] Further, the flexible elastic connecting assembly comprises an elastic rubber ring, one end of the elastic rubber ring is fixedly connected with the end of the shield segment, the other end of the elastic rubber ring is fixedly connected with an embedded snap ring, the embedded snap ring is limitingly embedded with the mounting hole; the end of the shield segment is connected with the embedded snap ring through a hinge.

[0011] Further, the tunneling driving mechanism is provided with a cutting motor, one end of the cutting motor is fixedly connected with the transmission rod; the cutting motor is fixedly connected on a sliding block, the sliding block is driven by a tunneling motor to slide along a sliding rail.

[0012] Further, the angle adjusting mechanism is provided with an adjusting table, the tunneling driving mechanism is arranged on the adjusting table, one end of the adjusting table close to the test box is hingedly connected with the test table top surface, the other end of the adjusting table away from the test box is hingedly connected with the upper end of a lifting plate, and the adjusting table is provided with an angle instrument.

[0013] Further, the lifting plate is vertically arranged, and the lifting plate moves up and down along a vertical guide surface; one side of the lifting plate is provided with a rack structure, the rack structure is engaged with a lifting driving gear, and the angle detection signal output end of the angle instrument is electrically connected to the driving device control signal receiving end of the lifting driving gear.

[0014] Further, the front end of the shield shell is provided with a small-diameter stepped surface, the cutter head is sleeved on the small-diameter stepped surface, the small-diameter stepped surface and the inner ring surface of the cutter head are correspondingly provided with ring grooves, the two ring grooves are spliced to form a closed ring groove, a plurality of ball bearings are arranged in the closed ring groove to form a bearing structure, and the outer diameter of the cutter head is consistent with the outer diameter of the shield shell.

[0015] Further, the tail end of the shield shell is provided with a sealing brush, and the sealing brush seals the sleeving gap between the shield shell and the shield segment.

[0016] Further, the grouting structure comprises a plurality of grouting channels arranged in the shield shell, and the plurality of grouting channels are uniformly arranged around the central axis of the shield shell; a grouting pipe is arranged in each grouting channel, and the plurality of grouting pipes are connected with the grouting outer pipe; the outlet of the grouting pipe is arranged on the tail end surface of the shield shell, and the outlets of the plurality of grouting pipes are arranged around the outside of the sealing brush.

[0017] Further, the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, selecting a required cutter head assembly shield structure, and extending the shield structure from the mounting hole into the test box and connecting with the test box;

[0019] S2, the grouting material is put into the grouting control device, the grouting outer pipe is connected, and the grouting parameters are set;

[0020] S3, the slope adjustment pre-value is set, the slider and the lifting plate are matched to act, so that the adjustment table is located at the preset angle and the lifting plate position is locked, and the shield shell and the cutter head are located at the initial position;

[0021] S4, the cutter head rotating speed and the tunneling rate are set, the cutting motor and the tunneling motor are started, the shield structure simulates shield tunneling, and the soil in the shield segment is removed in time during the test.

[0022] Beneficial effects: the longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system adjusts the tunneling slope through the angle adjusting mechanism, so that the shield structure is located in the soil at the required simulated slope direction, the shield structure is driven along the adjusted tunneling slope direction through the tunneling driving mechanism, the rotation cutting of the cutter head, the forward movement of the shield shell and the grouting reinforcement of the shield tail are included, and then the whole process of shield tunneling of the multi-angle longitudinal slope tunnel is simulated to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of an embodiment of the simulation test system of the application;

[0024] Fig. 2 It is a structure schematic view of an embodiment of the shield tunneling model of the application;

[0025] Fig. 3 It is a structure schematic view of an embodiment of the shield structure and the flexible elastic connecting assembly of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0027] As shown in the drawings Figs. 1-3 The longitudinal slope shield tunnel multi-angle tunneling simulation test system comprises a test table 1, a test box 2 and a shield tunneling model 3 are arranged on the test table 1, the shield tunneling model 3 comprises a shield structure 4, a tunneling driving mechanism 5 and an angle adjusting mechanism 6.

[0028] The angle adjusting mechanism 6 is used for adjusting the tunneling slope, and the tunneling driving mechanism 5 is used for driving the shield structure 4 to tunnel along the adjusted tunneling slope direction.

[0029] The test box 1 is used for containing the test soil body, an installation hole is arranged on one side of the test box 1 close to the shield tunneling model 3, and the shield structure 4 penetrates through the installation hole and extends into the test soil body. The embedding depth of the shield structure in the soil body is adjusted by changing the laying thickness of the soil body in the test box.

[0030] The shield structure 4 comprises a shield segment 41, an outer shell 42 sleeved on the shield segment 41, a cutter head 43 detachably connected to the front end of the outer shell 42, the cutter head 43 being rotatably arranged relative to the front end of the outer shell 42, and the cutter head 43 being connected with the tunneling driving mechanism 5 through a transmission rod 44. The transmission rod 44 is arranged along the central axis of the cutter head, and is driven to rotate by the tunneling driving mechanism 5, thereby driving the cutter head to rotate and advancing along the axial direction of the transmission rod, and further driving the cutter head to advance into the soil, thereby realizing the cutting and tunneling of the soil, and maximizing the simulation of the tunneling process of an actual shield machine. The cutter head can be replaced according to the cutter head of the shield machine to be simulated, thereby making the test results more consistent with the actual situation.

[0031] The outer shell 42 is provided with a grouting structure connected with a grouting control device 7 through a grouting outer pipe 46. The grouting structure can be used to simulate the grouting reinforcement of the shield tail synchronously during the tunneling process. The changes of the soil during the tunneling and grouting reinforcement process can be directly observed and detected, thereby making the simulation more realistic.

[0032] The end of the shield segment 41 away from the cutter head 43 is connected with the mounting hole through a flexible elastic connecting assembly 8. The flexible elastic connecting assembly 8 can be used to adjust the slope of the shield at multiple angles on the basis of ensuring the unchanged tunneling and burying depth, thereby meeting the simulation test requirements of the control variables.

[0033] The flexible elastic connecting assembly 8 comprises an elastic rubber ring 81, one end of the elastic rubber ring 81 being fixedly connected with the end of the shield segment 41, the other end of the elastic rubber ring 81 being fixedly connected with an embedded snap ring, and the embedded snap ring being limitingly fitted with the mounting hole; the end of the shield segment 41 is connected with the embedded snap ring through a hinged piece.

[0034] The embedded snap ring comprises a joint ring 82 and a limiting ring 83, and the joint ring and the limiting ring are screwed to form an embedded snap piece with an outer circular surface and a ring-shaped limiting groove. The elastic rubber ring 81 is fixedly connected with the large-diameter end of the joint ring 82, the small-diameter end of the joint ring 82 is fitted with the mounting hole, and the part of the small-diameter end of the joint ring 82 protruding out of the mounting hole is screwed with the limiting ring 83; the end of the shield segment 41 is connected with the joint ring 82 through the hinged piece, so that the shield segment 41 can swing relative to the joint ring 82 in the longitudinal direction, thereby adjusting the longitudinal angle of the shield segment 41.

[0035] The shield structure is further limitingly connected with the test box, and the elastic rubber ring can not only adapt to the angle adjustment of the shield structure in the test soil, but also block the test soil from the mounting hole. Only the soil cut by the cutter head can be discharged from the mounting hole by the shield segment, thereby avoiding the collapse of the test soil near the mounting hole and the leakage of the test soil from the mounting hole, and affecting the simulation effect.

[0036] The tunneling driving mechanism 5 is provided with a cutting motor 51 fixedly connected with one end of the transmission rod 44, the transmission rod is concentrically connected with the motor shaft, the cutting motor can control the rotation speed of the cutter head; the cutting motor 51 is fixedly connected on the sliding block 52, the sliding block 52 is driven by the tunneling motor 53 to slide along the slide rail 54. Among them, the sliding block adopts a concave sliding part, the concave sliding part is buckled on the slide rail, a circular track is arranged between the slide rail and the sliding block, and a ball is arranged to roll in the track, which is used to reduce the friction force of the relative sliding of the two. The two ends of the slide rail are each provided with a limiting block to avoid the sliding block from disengaging the slide rail. The motor shaft of the tunneling motor 53 is installed with a tunneling driving gear, a rack structure is arranged on the surface of the sliding block, and is engaged with the tunneling driving gear, so as to realize the control of the sliding block sliding by the tunneling motor 53, and the sliding direction and sliding speed of the sliding block can be controlled. Further control the speed of tunneling.

[0037] The sliding block can also be provided with a locking structure, threaded holes are arranged on both sides of the sliding block, positioning screws are screwed in the threaded holes, after the sliding block is moved to the position, the screws are tightened to abut against the side wall of the slide rail, and then the relative position of the sliding block relative to the slide rail is fixed.

[0038] The angle adjusting mechanism 6 is provided with an adjusting table 61, the tunneling driving mechanism 5 is arranged on the adjusting table 61, one end of the adjusting table 61 close to the test box 2 is hinged with the test table 1 table surface, the end of the adjusting table 61 away from the test box 2 is hinged with the upper end of the lifting plate 62, and the adjusting table 61 is provided with an angle instrument 63. Through the lifting of the lifting plate, the adjusting table is turned around the hinge seat of the test table, and then the slope adjustment of the adjusting table is realized, the slide rail and the tunneling motor are fixedly connected on the table surface of the adjusting table, and then the slope of the slide rail is changed with the adjusting table, the layout direction of the slide rail is the tunneling direction of the shield structure, the transmission rod starts and ends on the table surface of the adjusting table, and then the adjustment of the pitch angle of the shield structure in the soil is realized, and then the simulation of the tunneling of multiple angle longitudinal slope tunnels is realized. The angle adjusting structure is simple and convenient to control.

[0039] Preferably, the lifting plate 62 is vertically arranged, and the lifting plate 62 is matched with the vertical guide surface for lifting movement. One side of the lifting plate 62 is provided with a rack structure, the rack structure is engaged with a lifting driving gear, and an angle detection signal output end of the angle instrument 63 is electrically connected to a driving device control signal receiving end of the lifting driving gear. The angle instrument drives the internal potentiometer to rotate when the adjusting table swings, and adjusts the real-time angle of the adjusting table by outputting the corresponding voltage value. The output electric signal can be used as the control signal of the angle adjusting motor. After inputting the set angle value, the swing direction of the adjusting table is calculated according to the current angle and the preset angle, and then the lifting plate is controlled to select lifting or lowering. Through the real-time feedback control of the angle instrument, the angle adjusting motor is turned off after reaching the set value. The angle adjusting motor is used to drive the rotation of the lifting driving gear, and the direction and speed of the lifting driving gear can be controlled, so that the slope adjustment of the adjusting table is realized. The lifting plate and the vertical guide surface are also provided with a locking structure, which is similar to the locking structure between the sliding block and the sliding rail. When the lifting plate moves to a specified height, the position of the lifting plate is locked, so that the stability of the slope during tunneling is ensured, and the slope is prevented from shaking, which affects the simulation effect.

[0040] The front end of the shield shell 42 is provided with a small-diameter stepped surface, the cutter head 43 is sleeved on the small-diameter stepped surface, the small-diameter stepped surface and the inner ring surface of the cutter head 43 are correspondingly provided with ring grooves, the two ring grooves are spliced to form a closed ring groove, a plurality of rolling balls are arranged in the closed ring groove to form a bearing structure, and the outer diameter of the cutter head 43 is consistent with the outer diameter of the shield shell 42. The connection relationship between the actual cutter head and the shield shell can be truly simulated, the friction between the cutter head and the shield shell can be reduced, and the shield shell is relatively axially shifted relative to the shield segment under the rotation of the cutter head under the action of the transmission rod.

[0041] The tail end of the shield shell 42 is provided with a sealing brush 9, the sealing brush 9 seals the sleeving gap between the shield shell 42 and the shield segment 41, otherwise the external air pressure will press air into the gap between the segment and the soil through the gap between the segment and the shield shell, which affects the stability of the soil and the grouting reinforcement effect of the subsequent grouting, does not conform to the stress condition of the soil and the grouting environment in the actual working condition, and is more consistent with the actual working condition after the sealing brush is added.

[0042] The grouting structure comprises a plurality of grouting channels arranged in the shield shell 42, and the plurality of grouting channels are uniformly arranged around the central axis of the shield shell 42. A grouting pipe 45 is arranged in each grouting channel, and the plurality of grouting pipes 45 are connected with the grouting outer pipe 46. The outlet of the grouting pipe 45 is arranged on the tail end surface of the shield shell 42, and the outlets of the plurality of grouting pipes 45 are arranged on the outer side of the sealing brush 9. The grouting structure can truly simulate the uniform grouting reinforcement scene in the actual tunneling.

[0043] In summary, the integrated shield tunneling process of "cutter head rotation - tool cutting - shield shell advancement - shield tail sealing - grouting reinforcement" can be realized.

[0044] The simulation test method of the multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Select the required cutterhead 43 to assemble the shield structure 4, extend the shield structure 4 into the test box 1 through the mounting hole, and connect it to the test box 1;

[0046] S2, prepare grouting materials, put them into the grouting control device 7, connect the grouting outer pipe 46 and set the grouting parameters;

[0047] S3. Set the slope adjustment preset value, and the slider 52 and the lifting plate 62 cooperate to make the adjustment platform 61 located at the preset angle and lock the position of the lifting plate 62, while the shield shell 42 and the cutter head 43 are located at the initial positions; since the adjustment platform is adjusted in angle, the shield shell will slip to a certain extent relative to the pipe segment due to the hinged relationship between the pipe segment and the test box, so the slider is driven to cooperate at the same time, so that after the angle is adjusted in place, the cutter head can fit with the end of the pipe segment, thereby obtaining sufficient excavation process in subsequent tests, thereby facilitating data collection.

[0048] S4. Set the cutterhead speed and tunneling rate, start the cutting motor 51 and the tunneling motor 53, and simulate shield tunneling with the shield structure 4. During the test, the soil cut into the shield segment 41 is promptly cleared.

[0049] On this basis, considering the tunneling process may experience multiple sections of slope changes, the shield segments 41 are configured as multiple annular segments. Adjacent segments are spaced apart and connected by hinges, allowing them to swing relative to each other in the longitudinal direction. Adjacent segments are also connected by elastic rubber rings, accommodating angle adjustment while isolating the soil from the segment cavity. The length of each segment can be set to be equal, or relatively short. When the shield advances no further than the length of a single segment, the multiple segments are constrained by the shield to remain coaxial. When a segment detaches from the shield, the longitudinal angle of excavation can be readjusted. Due to the tail grouting reinforcement, the segment detached from the shield is reinforced and fixed in the soil, thereby more realistically simulating actual excavation conditions.

[0050] Preferably, the shield segment 41 includes two segments. When simulating the excavation process of a tunnel with multiple slope changes, the tunnel excavation process is simulated in sections, and only two consecutive sections of tunnel excavation with different slopes are simulated each time, focusing on simulating the entire process of transition from one slope to another.

[0051] Two outer grouting pipes are arranged, which are connected with the grouting pipes 45 in the upper half shell of the shield shell, so that the grouting speed and the grouting amount on the inner side of the turning are appropriately reduced, the grouting speed and the grouting amount on the outer side of the turning are appropriately increased, and the grouting reinforcement effect at the corner of the tunnel is ensured to meet the actual working condition.

[0052] The tunnel slope range of the initial segment of the simulation tunnel depends on the radius size of the mounting hole and the swing range allowed by the transmission rod 44, and the swing range allowed by the transmission rod 44 depends on the rod diameter and the position of the swing rotation shaft. Since the transmission rod 44 is coaxially arranged with the current tail end of the shield shell during the simulation tunneling, the adjustment range of the two tunnel slopes relative to the horizontal direction is different when the two segments of the tunnel are simulated. The hinge point between the first segment of the segment and the joint ring is the position of the swing rotation shaft of the transmission rod 44 when the slope of the first segment of the tunnel is adjusted, and the hinge point between the second segment of the segment and the first segment of the segment is the position of the swing rotation shaft of the transmission rod 44 when the slope of the second segment of the tunnel is adjusted. The closer the distance between the two hinge points and the mounting hole is, the greater the allowed slope adjustment range is, and the maximum adjustable value of the first segment of the tunnel is greater than that of the second segment of the tunnel.

[0053] Therefore, the first segment of the segment is hinged with the joint ring, and the length of the first segment of the segment is reasonably selected, which is beneficial to make the simulation range of the simulation system more consistent with the actual scene to be simulated.

[0054] According to the analysis of the actual tunneling scene, the change angle of the tunnel slope will not be large, and is controlled within a certain angle range. According to the slope change range, the transmission rod and the segment unit with appropriate sizes are reasonably selected, and the mounting hole with a suitable size is opened, so that the allowed slope adjustment range of the second segment of the tunnel is slightly greater than the required slope change range of the actual tunneling.

[0055] In the selection of the length of the segment, it is assumed that the length of the segment unit is l, the absolute value of the first segment of the tunnel is a, the radius of the mounting hole is R, the radius of the transmission rod is d, and the radius of the tunnel corner is r. Then l * sina + r < R.

[0056] In the control of the adjustment of the second segment of the tunnel, the end of the adjustment platform close to the test box is hinged with another lifting plate, and the lifting plate is also controlled to lift by a lifting drive motor, so that the height of the whole tunneling driving mechanism can be adjusted in addition to the adjustment of the slope, so as to meet the adjustment of the second segment of the tunnel. The two lifting drive motors have angle instrument feedback control and coordinated action. During the adjustment process, the cutter head size is cut and uniformly advanced, and the tunneling process at the slope change position is truly simulated.

[0057] If the first tunnel is a vertical longitudinal tunnel, and the second tunnel further turns to a steeper slope, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0058] If the first tunnel is a vertical longitudinal tunnel, and the second tunnel further turns to a steeper slope, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0059] If the first tunnel is a vertical longitudinal tunnel, and the second tunnel further turns to a steeper slope, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0060] If the first tunnel is a vertical longitudinal tunnel, and the second tunnel further turns to a steeper slope, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0061] If the first tunnel is a horizontal tunnel, and the second tunnel turns to a vertical longitudinal tunnel, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0062] If the first tunnel is a horizontal tunnel, and the second tunnel turns to a vertical longitudinal tunnel, then when adjusting the slope of the second tunnel, both lifting plates simultaneously rise, and the lifting plate away from the test box segment rises faster.

[0063] Through the coordinated control of the two lifting drive motors, the transmission rod always rotates relative to the hinge shaft of the first segment and the second segment during the entire angle adjustment process, and at the same time, the transmission rod also uniformly advances along its own axial direction, thereby driving the cutter head to change the cutting direction while continuously cutting and advancing, ensuring that the simulation conforms to the real working conditions.

[0064] Due to the use of elastic rubber rings at the turning point, in order to further improve the authenticity of the pressure simulation at the turning point, flexible reinforcing ribs are embedded in the rubber ring to improve the strength, so that the turning point can adapt to the bending deformation caused by the change of slope, at the same time, the pressure bearing strength is similar to that of the pipe segment unit, and the reinforcing ribs are used to maintain the circular cross-section structure of the turning point, avoiding the change of the test soil at the turning point which cannot truly reflect the change of the actual tunnel turning point soil.

[0065] The built-in reinforcing rib can adopt a circular steel wire structure, a plurality of steel wires are uniformly arranged in the rubber ring and are arranged along the axial direction, one end of the reinforcing rib is fixed relative to the end face of the second segment pipe piece, and the other end is slidingly arranged relative to the ring wall of the rubber ring and the insertion hole in the pipe wall of the first segment pipe piece, so that the steel wire on the inner side of the bending is inserted deeper relative to the insertion hole, and the steel wire on the outer side of the bending slides outward relative to the insertion hole, thereby realizing the purpose of conforming to the bending while supporting the annular structure of the rubber ring. The size of the gap between the rubber ring and the soil is maintained to ensure the quality of grouting reinforcement, and the simulation is more in line with the actual working condition.

[0066] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the above-mentioned principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can also be made, and these improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-angle tunneling simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel, characterized by: The invention comprises a test bench (1), wherein a test box (2) and a shield tunneling model (3) are provided on the test bench (1), and the shield tunneling model (3) comprises a shield structure (4), a tunneling drive mechanism (5) and an angle adjustment mechanism (6); The angle adjustment mechanism (6) is used to adjust the excavation slope, and the excavation drive mechanism (5) is used to drive the shield structure (4) to excavate along the adjusted excavation slope direction; The test box (2) is used to hold the test soil, and a mounting hole is provided on a side of the test box (2) close to the shield excavation model (3), and the shield structure (4) extends into the test soil through the mounting hole; The shield structure (4) includes a shield segment (41), a shield shell (42) is sleeved on the outer side of the shield segment (41), a cutterhead (43) is detachably connected to the front end of the shield shell (42), the cutterhead (43) is rotatably arranged relative to the front end of the shield shell (42), and the cutterhead (43) is connected to the excavation drive mechanism (5) via a transmission rod (44); The shield shell (42) is provided with a grouting structure, and the grouting structure is connected to a grouting control device (7) via a grouting outer pipe (46); One end of the shield segment (41) away from the cutterhead (43) is connected to the mounting hole via a flexible elastic connection component (8); The flexible elastic connection assembly (8) comprises an elastic rubber ring (81), one end of the elastic rubber ring (81) is fixedly connected to the end of the shield segment (41), and the other end of the elastic rubber ring (81) is fixedly connected to an embedded clamping ring, and the embedded clamping ring is limitedly engaged with the mounting hole; the end of the shield segment (41) is connected to the embedded clamping ring via a hinge; The angle adjustment mechanism (6) is provided with an adjustment platform (61), the excavation drive mechanism (5) is provided on the adjustment platform (61), the end of the adjustment platform (61) close to the test box (2) is hinged to the table top of the test bench (1), and the end of the adjustment platform (61) away from the test box (2) is hinged to the upper end of the lifting plate (62), and the adjustment platform (61) is provided with an inclinometer (63).

2. The multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized by: The excavation drive mechanism (5) is provided with a cutting motor (51), and the cutting motor (51) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod (44); the cutting motor (51) is fixedly connected to a slide block (52), and the slide block (52) is driven by the excavation motor (53) to slide along the slide rail (54).

3. The multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized by: The lifting plate (62) is vertically arranged, and the lifting plate (62) moves up and down in contact with the vertical guide sliding surface; A rack structure is provided on a vertical surface on one side of the lifting plate (62), and the rack structure is engaged with the lifting drive gear. The angle detection signal output end of the inclinometer (63) is electrically connected to the drive device control signal receiving end of the lifting drive gear.

4. The multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized by: The front end of the shield shell (42) is provided with a small-diameter step surface, and the cutter disc (43) is mounted on the small-diameter step surface. The small-diameter step surface and the inner ring surface of the cutter disc (43) are provided with ring grooves corresponding to each other. The two ring grooves are spliced ​​together to form a closed ring groove. A plurality of balls are provided in the closed ring groove to form a bearing structure. The outer diameter of the cutter disc (43) is consistent with the outer diameter of the shield shell (42).

5. The multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized by: A sealing brush (9) is provided at the tail end of the shield shell (42), and the sealing brush (9) seals the sleeve gap between the shield shell (42) and the shield segment (41).

6. The multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized by: The grouting structure includes a plurality of grouting channels arranged inside the shield shell (42), and the plurality of grouting channels are evenly arranged around the central axis of the shield shell (42); a grouting pipe (45) is installed in the grouting channel, and the plurality of grouting pipes (45) are connected to the grouting outer pipe (46); the outlet of the grouting pipe (45) is arranged at the tail end face of the shield shell (42), and the outlets of the plurality of grouting pipes (45) are arranged around the outside of the sealing brush (9).

7. A simulation test method for a multi-angle excavation simulation test system for a longitudinal slope shield tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select the required cutterhead (43) to assemble the shield structure (4), extend the shield structure (4) into the test box (2) through the mounting hole, and connect it to the test box (2); S2, prepare grouting materials, place them into the grouting control device (7), connect the grouting outer pipe (46) and set the grouting parameters; S3, setting a slope adjustment preset value, the slider (52) and the lifting plate (62) cooperate to make the adjustment platform (61) be located at a preset angle and lock the lifting plate (62) position, while the shield (42) and the cutter head (43) are located at the initial position; S4, setting the cutter head rotation speed and the excavation rate, starting the cutting motor (51) and the excavation motor (53), and the shield structure (4) simulating shield excavation. During the test, the soil that is cut and poured into the shield segment (41) is promptly cleared.

Images