A real-time water environment sampling device for ecological restoration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, which relates to the field of water sampling, including a floating box with a plurality of hollow cavities, an outer tube that slides with the floating box in the longitudinal direction, and a first driving mechanism for driving the outer tube to slide relative to the floating box; the inner tube is detachably connected to the inner tube, the bottom of the inner tube passes through the bottom end of the outer tube, and the inner tube passes through the side wall outside the outer tube to open a plurality of water inlet holes, and a one-way valve group with a conducting direction from top to bottom is arranged at the bottom end of the inner tube; it also includes a piston that slides inside the inner tube, a second driving mechanism for driving the piston to slide relative to the inner tube, and a water quality sensing device arranged on the side wall of the inner tube, and the water quality sensing device is located below the water inlet hole. One of the technical problems solved by the present invention is that the depth of the prior art when collecting water samples is inconvenient to control, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the collection of water samples of different depths in a designated water area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water body sampling, and in particular to a real-time water environment sampling device for ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] In the process of restoring the water ecology, a large amount of water quality sampling operations are required in rivers, lakes and other water bodies in order to realize water quality monitoring of fixed-point water bodies such as rivers and lakes.

[0003] Since the water quality in water environments at different depths is different, in order to fully understand the water pollution situation, it is necessary to sample and monitor the water quality at different depths in the designated water body. The water quality monitoring sampling device used in the prior art is typically a barrel-type single-body sampling device. When sampling, the barrel is dropped into the water with a rope. This approach is labor-intensive, inefficient, and inconvenient for collecting water bodies at different depths. There are also some real-time water quality monitoring devices in the prior art. This type of equipment is based on water quality sensing sensors to achieve online monitoring of water quality at a designated location, but is affected by the water flow in natural water bodies, and its monitoring results fluctuate greatly and have low accuracy. In addition, in order to protect the instruments and equipment, the water quality sampling equipment in the prior art generally sets a denser filter at the water inlet end, resulting in the sampled water body having undergone a relatively strong physical filtration, which inevitably leads to distortion of the water body sample. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration. One of the technical problems solved is that the depth of water samples collected in the prior art is inconvenient to control, so as to facilitate the collection of water samples at different depths in a designated water area.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, comprising a floating box with a plurality of hollow cavities, an outer tube that slides with the floating box in the longitudinal direction, and a first driving mechanism for driving the outer tube to slide relative to the floating box; the inner tube is detachably connected to the inner tube, the bottom of the inner tube passes through the bottom end of the outer tube, and a plurality of water inlet holes are provided on the side wall where the inner tube passes through to the outside of the outer tube, and a one-way valve group with a conducting direction from top to bottom is provided at the bottom end of the inner tube; it also includes a piston that slides inside the inner tube, a second driving mechanism for driving the piston to slide relative to the inner tube, and a water quality sensing device arranged on the side wall of the inner tube, and the water quality sensing device is located below the water inlet hole.

[0007] In view of the problem in the prior art that it is inconvenient to control the depth when collecting water samples, the present invention proposes a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration. The device includes a floating box. Through a number of hollow cavities arranged inside, the floating box can carry all the equipment on it and still remain floating on the surface of fresh water. The first driving mechanism can drive the outer tube to move up and down relative to the floating box, driving the inner tube to move up and down synchronously. The inner tube and the outer tube in the present application are both tubes with open bottom ends. A one-way valve group is arranged at the bottom end of the inner tube. The one-way valve group is preferably matched with a piston and is opened and connected under the action of the piston. The piston divides the interior of the inner tube into two parts, upper and lower parts, and the second driving mechanism drives the piston to move in the inner tube. The water quality sensing device can flexibly adopt any existing technology according to needs, such as a turbidity sensor, a pH sensor, a residual chlorine sensor, or an existing water quality sensing device integrated with the above sensors.

[0008] The present application can be arranged for use in designated areas of water bodies that require regular sampling. When sampling is required, the floating box is floated on the water surface, and the second drive mechanism drives the piston to move downward to cover each water inlet hole; the first drive mechanism drives the outer tube to move downward, carrying the inner tube to move downward synchronously until the water inlet hole reaches the required sampling depth; the second drive mechanism drives the piston to move upward and open each water inlet hole, so that water flows from each water inlet hole into the inner tube and the area below the piston, completing the water sampling operation at the specified depth. If the water in the inner tube needs to be discharged, the second drive mechanism drives the piston to move downward until the one-way valve group is opened, so that the water and debris inside the inner tube are discharged from the bottom of the inner tube.

[0009] The present application can sample water bodies of a specified depth within the travel range of the water inlet hole, overcoming the problem of the inconvenience of controlling the sampling depth in the prior art; the present application takes in water through the water inlet hole, and there is no need to set strong filtering measures in the sampling equipment, which is conducive to ensuring the authenticity of the sampled water body and avoiding distortion of the collected samples caused by excessive physical filtration; at the same time, the present application drains water through a one-way valve group, so that larger particulate matter or aquatic plants and other debris in the water body can also be discharged smoothly, ensuring the authenticity of the water sample entering the inner tube. In addition, after the present application introduces water into the inner tube, the water quality sensing device performs real-time detection, and utilizes the relatively stable characteristics of the inner tube and the area below the water inlet hole to significantly reduce the interference of external water flow on the monitoring results and improve monitoring accuracy.

[0010] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism includes a rack disposed on the outer wall of the outer tube, a first gear meshing with the rack, and a first motor for driving the first gear to rotate, and the first motor is installed in the floating box. In this solution, the first motor drives the first gear to rotate, drives the rack to make a linear motion, and then drives the outer tube to rise and fall.

[0011] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism further comprises a guide bar arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube, a slide groove matching the guide bar is arranged inside the floating box, the long axis of the slide groove is parallel to the axis of the floating box, and the guide bar is slidably fitted in the slide groove. This solution guides and directs the lifting and lowering movement of the outer tube through the cooperation of the guide bar and the slide groove, thereby preventing the outer tube from being skewed and rotated unnecessarily.

[0012] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism also includes a linear driving device installed in the inner tube and located above the piston; when the piston slides to the bottom end of the inner tube, the piston blocks all water inlet holes.

[0013] In this solution, the piston is driven to move in the inner tube by a linear drive device. When the piston blocks the water inlet holes, water cannot enter the inner tube in this application, thereby achieving the function of adjusting to a specified depth before sampling and draining water inside the inner tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the one-way valve group includes a baffle hinged at the bottom end of the inner tube through a torsion spring, and a sealing ring is provided on the side wall of the baffle; it also includes a limit block arranged on the side wall of the inner tube, located above the baffle, and used to limit the baffle from flipping upward; in a natural state, the baffle abuts against the limit block.

[0015] This solution specifically defines the structure of the one-way valve group. When there is no external force, under the action of the torsion spring, the baffle abuts against the bottom of the limit block, and the bottom of the inner tube is closed by the baffle; when the piston moves downward until it abuts against the baffle and continues to move downward, the baffle is pushed open to achieve conduction to the bottom of the inner tube. Of course, the prestress of the torsion spring in this application should be able to overcome the liquid column pressure inside the inner tube; preferably, when the inner tube is filled with water, the baffle will not open automatically.

[0016] Furthermore, a sampling container is arranged on the floating box body; and a water intake mechanism is also included, and the water intake mechanism is used to pump water from the inside of the inner tube and below the piston into the sampling container.

[0017] When the present application is in use, although the sampled water can be retained in the area below the water inlet hole inside the inner tube, if the inner tube needs to be taken out manually each time sampling is performed, it is inevitably inefficient and increases labor consumption. Based on this, the present solution sets a water taking mechanism, which extracts the water inside the inner tube from below the piston and transports it to the sampling container, thereby facilitating the staff to regularly take out the water sample in the sampling container, avoiding the tedious operation of manually taking out water.

[0018] Furthermore, the water intake mechanism includes a water pump installed on the top of the piston, a water intake channel running through the piston longitudinally, a hose connected to the discharge end of the water pump, and a water pipe connected to the hose; the top of the water intake channel is connected to the water supply end of the water pump, the water pipe is relatively fixed to the outer tube, and the end of the water pipe faces the sampling container.

[0019] When it is necessary to extract water samples, start the water pump, and the water inside the inner tube and below the piston enters the water pump through the water intake channel, is pumped to the hose by the water pump, then enters the water guide pipe, and finally enters the sampling container. The water pump is installed on the top of the piston and moves synchronously with the piston. Its upper water end is inserted into the water intake channel to block the water intake channel to prevent crossflow. The flexible pipe is located inside the inner tube to avoid interference with the lifting and lowering of the water pump. The water guide pipe is located outside the inner tube, and hard pipes can be preferably used.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of sampling containers are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the side wall of the floating box; and a rotating assembly is also included for driving the water intake mechanism to rotate to match different floating boxes.

[0021] The present invention provides a plurality of sampling containers, so as to store water samples collected at different depths or at different times. During each sampling, the rotating assembly drives the water taking mechanism to rotate to the corresponding different sampling containers, so that different samples can be stored separately.

[0022] Furthermore, a brim is provided at the top of the inner tube, and the brim is placed on the top of the outer tube and rotates with the outer tube; the rotating assembly includes a second gear fixedly mounted outside the brim, a third gear meshing with the second gear, and a second motor for driving the third gear to rotate; the second motor is installed at the top of the floating box, and the output end of the second motor and the third gear are transmitted through a telescopic shaft; and it also includes a bracket installed on the brim, and the bracket is used to support the water pipe.

[0023] In this solution, the inner tube is placed on the top of the outer tube through the brim, so that the inner tube and the outer tube can be detachably connected; this arrangement is also very convenient for replacing the inner tube and its internal components. Due to the rotational coordination between the brim and the outer tube, the inner tube in this solution can rotate relative to the outer tube. Specifically, the second motor drives the third gear to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear, the brim and the inner tube, the bracket and the water pipe to rotate together, so that the position of the inner tube and the drainage direction can be adjusted without rotating the floating box and the outer tube, so that the water pipe can be rotated to face the designated sampling container.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a plurality of polished rods that slide through the floating box, the bottom ends of the polished rods are pointed cones, and the bottoms of the polished rods are fixedly sleeved with pile shoes located above the pointed cones.

[0025] In this solution, the floating box can slide longitudinally along each light rod, and by inserting the bottom of the light rod into the silt or gravel under the water body, and increasing the friction area through the pile shoe to improve the insertion stability, the sampling device of this application can be temporarily installed at a designated location where long-term or regular water extraction is required, so as to facilitate long-term sample collection of water bodies in designated areas. In addition, for water bodies that are inconvenient to insert into the bottom of the water, the sampling device of this application can also be positioned by tying ropes on the light rod and connecting it to the shore or fixed objects on the water.

[0026] Preferably, all driving, power and other electrical equipment in the present application can be implemented by using existing technologies that have the ability to work underwater or have undergone waterproof sealing treatment. This can be achieved based on mature underwater operations, underwater robots and other technologies in the existing technology.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention is a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, which can sample water bodies of a specified depth within the travel range of the water inlet hole, thus overcoming the problem of inconvenience in controlling the sampling depth in the prior art; meanwhile, it is also beneficial to ensure the authenticity of the sampled water bodies.

[0029] 2. The present invention is a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, which can utilize the relatively stable characteristics of the area inside the inner tube and below the water inlet hole to reduce the interference of external water flow on the monitoring results and improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0030] 3. The present invention provides a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, which has a special water-taking mechanism, and can extract water from the inner tube below the piston and transport it to the sampling container, thus avoiding the tedious operation of manual water extraction.

[0031] 4. The present invention is a real-time sampling device for water environment used for ecological restoration. During each sampling, the rotating assembly drives the water intake mechanism to rotate to the corresponding different sampling containers, thereby realizing the separate collection of water samples collected at different depths or at different times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a floating box in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0038] 1-floating box, 2-outer tube, 3-inner tube, 4-water inlet, 5-piston, 6-water quality sensing device, 7-rack, 8-first gear, 9-first motor, 10-guide strip, 11-chute, 12-linear drive device, 13-torsion spring, 14-baffle, 15-sealing ring, 16-limiting block, 17-sampling container, 18-water pump, 19-water intake channel, 20-hose, 21-water guide pipe, 22-second gear, 23-third gear, 24-second motor, 25-telescopic shaft, 26-bracket, 27-light rod, 28-pile shoe, 29-mounting block, 30-airbag, 101-hollow cavity, 171-outer barrel, 172-inner barrel, 271-conical part, 301-brim. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and the accompanying drawings. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The device is a real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, comprising a floating box 1 having a plurality of hollow cavities 101, an outer tube 2 that slides with the floating box 1 in the longitudinal direction, and a first driving mechanism for driving the outer tube 2 to slide relative to the floating box 1; the inner tube 3 is detachably connected to the inside of the outer tube 2, the bottom of the inner tube 3 passes through the bottom end of the outer tube 2, and the inner tube 3 passes through to the side wall outside the outer tube 2 to open a plurality of water inlet holes 4, and a one-way valve group with a conducting direction from top to bottom is arranged at the bottom end of the inner tube 3; it also includes a piston 5 that slides inside the inner tube 3, a second driving mechanism for driving the piston 5 to slide relative to the inner tube 3, and a water quality sensing device 6 arranged on the side wall of the inner tube 3, and the water quality sensing device 6 is located below the water inlet hole 4.

[0042] The first driving mechanism includes a rack 7 arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube 2 , a first gear 8 meshing with the rack 7 , and a first motor 9 for driving the first gear 8 to rotate. The first motor 9 is installed in the floating box 1 .

[0043] The first driving mechanism also includes a guide bar 10 arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube 2, and a slide groove 11 matching the guide bar 10 is arranged inside the floating box 1. The long axis of the slide groove 11 is parallel to the axis of the floating box 1, and the guide bar 10 is slidably fitted in the slide groove 11.

[0044] The second driving mechanism further includes a linear driving device 12 installed in the inner tube 3 and located above the piston 5 ; when the piston 5 slides to the bottom end of the inner tube 3 , the piston 5 blocks all the water inlet holes 4 .

[0045] In this embodiment, the floating box 1 , the outer tube 2 and the inner tube 3 are all coaxially distributed; a plurality of water inlet holes 4 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the side wall of the outer tube 2 .

[0046] The one-way valve group in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a baffle 14 hinged at the bottom end of the inner tube 3 through a torsion spring 13, and a sealing ring 15 is arranged on the side wall of the baffle 14; it also includes a limit block 16 arranged on the side wall of the inner tube 3 and located above the baffle 14, which is used to limit the baffle 14 from turning upward; in a natural state, the baffle 14 abuts against the limit block 16. In this embodiment, the prestress of the torsion spring 13 should be such that the baffle 14 will not open automatically when the inner tube is filled with water.

[0047] This embodiment also includes a plurality of polished rods 27 that slide through the floating box 1, the bottom end of the polished rod 27 is a pointed cone 271, and a pile shoe 28 located above the pointed cone 271 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the polished rod 27. Preferably, the polished rods 27 can be connected by a truss at the bottom or top.

[0048] This embodiment may also be provided with a control module for controlling the operation of the first driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism, etc., and a wireless communication module connected to the control module signal, so as to facilitate the staff to remotely control the operation of the device.

[0049] In a more preferred embodiment, a depth sensor may be provided at the bottom of the floating box, or a liquid level sensor may be provided on the side wall of the floating box, so as to accurately obtain the draft depth of the floating box, and further more accurately control the water intake depth.

[0050] In a more preferred embodiment, a plurality of air bags 30 may be arranged on the outer wall of the floating box 1; each air bag 30 may be equipped with an inflation device; and each air bag 30 may be inflated when the floating box has a deeper draft.

[0051] In a more preferred embodiment, a large-aperture filter can be provided at the water inlet 4 to filter out large-sized debris that will not affect water quality detection, such as plastic bags, packaging bags, leaves, etc. floating in the water.

[0052] In a more preferred embodiment, a mounting block 29 is further provided at the top end of the inner tube 3 for mounting the linear drive device 12 ; the mounting block 29 and the inner tube 3 are detachably connected to facilitate maintenance or replacement.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, based on Example 1, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a sampling container 17 is arranged on the floating box 1 ; it also includes a water intake mechanism, which is used to pump water from the inside of the inner tube 3 and below the piston 5 into the sampling container 17 .

[0055] The water intake mechanism includes a water pump 18 installed on the top of the piston 5, a water intake channel 19 that penetrates the piston 5 longitudinally, a hose 20 connected to the discharge end of the water pump 18, and a water pipe 21 connected to the hose 20; the top of the water intake channel 19 is connected to the water supply end of the water pump 18, the water pipe 21 is relatively fixed to the outer tube 2, and the end of the water pipe 21 faces the sampling container 17.

[0056] A plurality of sampling containers 17 are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the side wall of the floating box 1 ; a rotating assembly is also included for driving the water intake mechanism to rotate to match with different floating boxes 1 .

[0057] A brim 301 is provided at the top of the inner tube 3, and the brim 301 is mounted on the top of the outer tube 2 and rotates with the outer tube 2; the rotating assembly includes a second gear 22 fixedly sleeved outside the brim 301, a third gear 23 meshing with the second gear 22, and a second motor 24 for driving the third gear 23 to rotate; the second motor 24 is installed at the top of the floating box 1, and the output end of the second motor 24 and the third gear 23 are transmitted through a telescopic shaft 25; it also includes a bracket 26 installed on the brim 301, and the bracket 26 is used to support the water pipe 21.

[0058] The telescopic shaft 25 in this embodiment is composed of two circular shafts that are slidably matched and key-connected to each other, and can achieve free telescopic movement in the longitudinal direction.

[0059] In a more preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the sampling container 17 includes an outer barrel 171 fixed to the side wall of the floating box 1 and an inner barrel 172 movably placed in the outer barrel 171; when the staff comes to collect the sample, they only need to take out the inner barrel 172.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A real-time sampling method for water environment for ecological restoration based on the attached Figure 1-4 The described sampling device is implemented, and the specific sampling method includes the following steps:

[0062] S1, making the floating box float on the water surface, when sampling is required, the linear drive device 12 drives the piston 5 to move to a position that blocks each water inlet hole 4 but does not contact the baffle 14;

[0063] S2, the first motor 9 drives the outer tube 2 to move downward, carrying the inner tube 3 to move downward synchronously, until the water inlet 4 reaches the required sampling depth;

[0064] S3, the linear drive device 12 drives the piston 5 to move upward and open each water inlet hole 4, so that water flows from each water inlet hole into the inner tube 3 and the area below the piston 5, and the water quality sensing device 6 works and outputs the sensing result;

[0065] S4, starting the second motor 24 to drive the water pipe 21 to rotate to the top of the designated sampling container 17;

[0066] S5, start the water pump 18 to pump water into the designated sampling container 17 to complete water sampling;

[0067] S6. The linear drive device 12 drives the piston 5 to move downward to cover the water inlet holes 4, and pushes open the baffle 14 to discharge the internal water and impurities from the bottom end of the inner tube 3.

[0068] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article can be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without special explanation.

Claims

1. A real-time sampling device for water environment for ecological restoration, characterized in that: The invention comprises a floating box (1) having a plurality of hollow cavities (101), an outer tube (2) slidably matched with the floating box (1) in the longitudinal direction, and a first driving mechanism for driving the outer tube (2) to slide relative to the floating box (1); the inner tube (2) is detachably connected to an inner tube (3), the bottom of the inner tube (3) passes through the bottom end of the outer tube (2), and a plurality of water inlet holes (4) are provided on the side wall where the inner tube (3) passes through to the outside of the outer tube (2), and a one-way valve group with a conducting direction from top to bottom is provided at the bottom end of the inner tube (3); the invention also comprises a piston (5) slidably matched with the inner tube (3), a second driving mechanism for driving the piston (5) to slide relative to the inner tube (3), and a water quality sensing device (6) provided on the side wall of the inner tube (3), and the water quality sensing device (6) is located below the water inlet hole (4); The first driving mechanism comprises a rack (7) arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube (2), a first gear (8) meshing with the rack (7), and a first motor (9) for driving the first gear (8) to rotate, wherein the first motor (9) is installed in the floating box (1); The first driving mechanism further comprises a guide bar (10) arranged on the outer wall of the outer tube (2); a slide groove (11) matching the guide bar (10) is arranged inside the floating box (1); the long axis of the slide groove (11) is parallel to the axis of the floating box (1); and the guide bar (10) is slidably fitted in the slide groove (11); The one-way valve assembly comprises a baffle (14) hinged to the bottom end of the inner tube (3) via a torsion spring (13), a sealing ring (15) being arranged on the side wall of the baffle (14); and further comprises a limit block (16) arranged on the side wall of the inner tube (3) and located above the baffle (14) and used to limit the baffle (14) from turning upward; in a natural state, the baffle (14) abuts against the limit block (16); The floating box (1) is provided with a sampling container (17); and further comprises a water intake mechanism, the water intake mechanism being used to pump water from the inside of the inner tube (3) and below the piston (5) into the sampling container (17); The water intake mechanism comprises a water pump (18) mounted on the top of the piston (5), a water intake channel (19) running through the piston (5) in the longitudinal direction, a hose (20) connected to the water discharge end of the water pump (18), and a water guide pipe (21) connected to the hose (20); the top end of the water intake channel (19) is connected to the water supply end of the water pump (18), the water guide pipe (21) is fixed relative to the outer tube (2), and the end of the water guide pipe (21) faces the sampling container (17); A plurality of sampling containers (17) are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the side wall of the floating box (1); and a rotating assembly is also included for driving the water intake mechanism to rotate to match different floating boxes (1); A brim (301) is provided at the top of the inner tube (3), and the brim (301) is mounted on the top of the outer tube (2) and is rotatably matched with the outer tube (2); the rotating assembly comprises a second gear (22) fixedly sleeved outside the brim (301), a third gear (23) meshing with the second gear (22), and a second motor (24) for driving the third gear (23) to rotate; the second motor (24) is mounted on the top of the floating box (1), and transmission is transmitted between the output end of the second motor (24) and the third gear (23) via a telescopic shaft (25); and the rotating assembly also comprises a bracket (26) mounted on the brim (301), and the bracket (26) is used to support the water pipe (21); The second driving mechanism further comprises a linear driving device (12) installed in the inner tube (3) and located above the piston (5); when the piston (5) slides to the bottom end of the inner tube (3), the piston (5) blocks all water inlet holes (4); It also comprises a plurality of polished rods (27) which slide through the floating box (1), the bottom ends of the polished rods (27) being pointed cones (271), and pile shoes (28) which are located above the pointed cones (271) being fixedly sleeved on the bottoms of the polished rods (27); The real-time sampling method of water environment includes the following steps: S1, making the floating box float on the water surface, and when sampling is required, the linear drive device (12) drives the piston (5) to move to a position that blocks each water inlet hole (4) but does not contact the baffle (14); S2, the first motor (9) drives the outer tube (2) to move downward, carrying the inner tube (3) to move downward synchronously, until the water inlet hole (4) reaches the required sampling depth; S3, the linear drive device (12) drives the piston (5) to move upward and open each water inlet hole (4), so that water flows from each water inlet hole into the inner tube (3) and the area below the piston (5), and the water quality sensing device (6) works and outputs the sensing result; S4, starting the second motor (24) to drive the water pipe (21) to rotate to the top of the designated sampling container (17); S5, starting the water pump (18) to pump water into the designated sampling container (17) to complete water sampling; S6. The linear drive device (12) drives the piston (5) to move downward to cover the water inlet holes (4), and pushes open the baffle (14), so that the water and impurities inside are discharged from the bottom end of the inner tube (3).

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