Power transmission and transformation project address-line parallel optimization method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission and transformation project address-line parallel optimization method and system. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a power transmission and transformation project ecological influence comprehensive evaluation index system; establishing a research area data space, and obtaining an ecological sensitive area grade map corresponding to each index; determining the weight of each index in the index system by using an analytic hierarchy process, and performing weighted stacking on the ecological sensitive area grade maps of the indexes to obtain an ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map; performing grid surface conversion operation on the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation graph to obtain an ecological fragile area digital boundary, superposing fault grid data, a constructed power transmission and transformation project and a to-be-planned power transmission and transformation project graph layer, and performing power transmission and transformation project site selection based on finally generated visual surface data; and in combination with site selection information, a path with the minimum ecological influence is directly generated, and a power transmission and transformation project line selection strategy is obtained. The method is beneficial to systematically evaluating the possible environmental influence of the power transmission and transformation project, so as to ensure the optimal implementation of the project in the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of site selection and line selection for power transmission and transformation projects, and in particular to a method and system for parallel site and line selection for power transmission and transformation projects. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As an important part of the power system, power transmission and transformation projects undertake the key task of transmitting and distributing electricity. Their planning and construction are directly related to the stability and reliability of power supply.

[0004] In the planning and construction of traditional power transmission and transformation projects, emphasis is often placed on project efficiency and cost control, with insufficient consideration given to environmental and ecological protection. Studies have found that the construction and operation of transmission lines is one of the important factors leading to forest destruction and biodiversity loss. In addition, engineering construction will destroy natural habitats, thereby reducing the self-purification capacity of the ecosystem. At the same time, if appropriate protective measures are not taken, engineering construction will lead to the destruction of surface vegetation and increase the risk of soil erosion. In addition, large-scale engineering construction will directly change the way land is used, thereby affecting local agricultural production and ecological balance.

[0005] Due to the lack of data on the distribution of ecologically sensitive areas and the lack of multi-dimensional considerations on the ecological impacts of power transmission and transformation projects, the site selection and line selection methods for power transmission and transformation projects based on ecological impacts have a low level of informatization and a one-sided evaluation index system. As a result, it is impossible to quickly, timely and accurately assess the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on ecologically sensitive points during the site selection and line selection stage. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method and system for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects, which identifies ecologically fragile areas in the study area. Based on a multi-factor analysis of ecologically fragile areas, it is possible to determine the key factors affecting power transmission and transformation projects, thereby providing a basis for site selection and line selection of power transmission and transformation projects.

[0007] In some embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0008] A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects, comprising:

[0009] The geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas and sensitivity to climate change in the study area were analyzed respectively, and the key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment were screened out, and a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects was constructed;

[0010] Establish a data space for the research area, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area level map corresponding to each indicator;

[0011] The weight of each indicator in the indicator system is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process, and the ecological sensitivity level map of each indicator is fused into a raster data set by weighted superposition to obtain a comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity.

[0012] Perform raster-to-surface conversion on the comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity to obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area, superimpose fault raster data, layers of constructed power transmission and transformation projects, and power transmission and transformation projects to be planned, and select the site for the power transmission and transformation project based on the final generated visualized surface data;

[0013] Ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data are constructed, and combined with site selection information, the path with the least ecological impact is directly generated to obtain the line selection strategy for the transmission and transformation project.

[0014] As a further solution, the comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of the power transmission and transformation project includes: geological environment heterogeneity indicators and climate change sensitivity indicators, among which the geological environment heterogeneity indicators include: elevation, slope and soil erosion secondary indicators; the climate change sensitivity indicators include: land use, normalized vegetation index and water body Euclidean distance secondary indicators.

[0015] As a further solution, the land erosion data is obtained as follows: A=P*C*R*K*L*S; wherein A is the amount of soil erosion, P is the conservation measure factor, C is the vegetation coverage factor, L is the slope length factor, S is the slope factor, R is the precipitation erosion factor, and K is the soil erodibility factor.

[0016] As a further solution, the normalized vegetation index is obtained as follows:

[0017] NDVI = (NIR-R) / (NIR+R);

[0018] Among them, NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, NIR is the reflectance value of the near-infrared band, and R is the reflectance value of the red band;

[0019] The Euclidean distance of the water body is obtained as follows:

[0020] Calculate the normalized difference water index: NDWI = (Green-NIR) / (Green+NIR); where NDWI is the normalized difference water index, Green is the reflectance value of the green band, and NIR is the reflectance value of the near-infrared band; extract the area with NDWI value greater than 0 as the water body, and calculate the Euclidean distance from each grid to the nearest water body grid as the Euclidean distance of the corresponding grid to the water body.

[0021] As a further solution, the grid data of each indicator in the indicator system is reclassified to obtain the ecological sensitive area level map corresponding to each indicator, specifically:

[0022] For the secondary indicators of elevation, slope or soil erosion, as well as the secondary indicators of land use, vegetation and water system, five levels of low vulnerability, relatively low vulnerability, medium vulnerability, relatively high vulnerability and high vulnerability are divided according to the indicator data;

[0023] Determine the data situation of each indicator on each grid in the data space of the study area, divide the levels according to the data situation, and thus obtain the ecological sensitive area level map of each indicator on all grids; digitally represent the different ecological sensitivity levels of the corresponding indicators on the ecological sensitive area level map, including area, perimeter, geographical location longitude and latitude and level data.

[0024] As a further solution, the analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weights of each indicator in the indicator system, specifically:

[0025] Each layer of indicators is assigned a value through fuzzy evaluation, and a judgment matrix for each layer of indicators is constructed; the judgment matrix is ​​subjected to a consistency check. If the consistency check passes, the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is ​​used as the weight of the indicator at this layer; the weight of the secondary indicator is the product of the secondary indicator weight and the corresponding primary indicator weight; if the consistency check fails, the judgment matrix is ​​re-determined.

[0026] As a further solution, the ecological sensitivity zone level maps of each indicator are fused into a raster dataset by weighted overlay to obtain a comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity. The specific process is as follows:

[0027] In the ecological sensitive area grade map of each indicator, each grid is assigned a graded value of the corresponding indicator;

[0028] The weighted sum of the graded values ​​of each indicator corresponding to the grid at the same location is performed to obtain the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score of the grid;

[0029] Based on the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, each grid is divided into a comprehensive ecological sensitivity level; the higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, the higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity level of the corresponding location of the grid.

[0030] As a further solution, the site selection of power transmission and transformation projects is carried out based on the final generated visualization surface data, specifically:

[0031] Select low-sensitivity, relatively low-sensitivity and moderately sensitive areas, and avoid areas with existing power transmission and transformation projects and ground fault areas when selecting sites for power transmission and transformation projects.

[0032] As a further solution, the specific process of obtaining the line selection strategy for the power transmission and transformation project is as follows:

[0033] Take each transmission and transformation location of the site as a location point, and determine the starting location point and the end location point of the transmission and transformation project;

[0034] Creating ecological cost distance grid data and back-link grid data for each grid; the ecological cost distance grid data is used to characterize the ecological distance cost from each grid to the grid corresponding to the starting point; the back-link grid data is used to indicate the direction of the best path from the current grid to each other grid;

[0035] Based on the end point, ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, the cost path is generated using the cost path polyline tool; the cost path is matched with the data space of the study area to obtain the path with the least ecological impact between the starting point and the end point.

[0036] In other embodiments, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0037] A site-line parallel optimization system for power transmission and transformation projects, comprising:

[0038] The module for constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system is used to analyze the geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas, and climate change sensitivity of the study area, screen out key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment, and construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects;

[0039] The ecological sensitive area classification module is used to establish the research area data space, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area grade map corresponding to each indicator;

[0040] The ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation module is used to determine the weight of each indicator in the indicator system by using the hierarchical analysis method, and to fuse the ecological sensitivity zone level map of each indicator into a raster data set by weighted superposition to obtain the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map;

[0041] The power transmission and transformation project site selection module is used to convert the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map from raster to surface, obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area, superimpose the fault raster data, the constructed power transmission and transformation project layers, and the power transmission and transformation project layers to be planned, and select the site of the power transmission and transformation project based on the final generated visual surface data;

[0042] The power transmission and transformation project line selection module is used to construct ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, and combine the site selection information to directly generate the path with the least ecological impact and obtain the power transmission and transformation project line selection strategy.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) The present invention can determine the key factors affecting power transmission and transformation projects by analyzing the heterogeneity of geological environment, the spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically fragile areas, and the sensitivity to climate change, which is conducive to systematically evaluating the possible environmental impact of power transmission and transformation projects and providing decision support to ensure the best implementation of the project in terms of environment.

[0045] (2) The AHP-FCA method used in the present invention can provide a more accurate and objective weight allocation, effectively avoid subjective bias, provide decision makers with a scientific basis and quantitative evaluation results, and make trade-offs and choices between ecological protection and project implementation. This method can also clearly show the contribution of different factors in the evaluation, enhancing the transparency and interpretability of the evaluation results.

[0046] (3) The line selection process of the present invention avoids areas with high elevations and chooses to pass through gently undulating areas, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of engineering construction and avoiding interference with ecologically sensitive highlands. In terms of slope and soil erosion, priority is given to areas with moderate slopes and good soil stability to reduce the risks of soil erosion and landslides that may occur in the future and ensure the long-term stability and safety of transmission lines. Considering the impact of land use types on the ecological environment, the line with the least impact on current land use is preferred, while ensuring the integrity of agricultural land and nature reserves.

[0047] Other features and advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the site-line parallel optimization method for power transmission and transformation project in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a soil erosion data analysis process in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of determining the index weights by combining the hierarchical analysis method with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a result diagram of the comprehensive evaluation diagram of ecological sensitivity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the line selection results for a power transmission and transformation project in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] In one or more embodiments, a method for parallel optimization of site and line of a power transmission and transformation project is disclosed, combining Figure 1 , specifically including the following process:

[0057] (1) The geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas, and sensitivity to climate change in the study area were analyzed respectively, and key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment were screened out, and a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects was constructed.

[0058] Specifically, this embodiment selects a section of the Yellow River Basin as the research area, and through the ecological restoration project book of the power transmission and transformation project, the environmental assessment guidelines for the power transmission and transformation project and other materials, the impact of the power transmission and transformation project on the ecological environment during the construction and operation periods is obtained, specifically including geological impact, vegetation impact, water area impact, land use impact and other aspects, providing a basic judgment criterion for the selection of evaluation factors.

[0059] This example analyzes the heterogeneity of the geological environment in the study area and selects digital elevation, slope and soil erosion as key evaluation factors.

[0060] The spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically fragile areas in the study area were analyzed, and data on nature reserves, important wetlands, natural forests, and rare animal and plant habitats were collected. The data were cropped according to the study area, and the projection coordinate system was changed according to the longitude and latitude information. The geometric calculation tools were used to calculate the area and other information of the obtained data set.

[0061] The sensitivity of the study area to climate change was analyzed, and land use, normalized difference vegetation index and Euclidean distance to water bodies were selected as key evaluation factors.

[0062] The comprehensive evaluation index system for ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects is shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1 Comprehensive evaluation index system for ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects

[0064]

[0065] (2) Establish a data space for the study area, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area level map corresponding to each indicator.

[0066] Specifically, this embodiment analyzes the geological environment heterogeneity of the study area, obtains digital elevation data and boundary data of the study area, unifies the coordinate systems of the two, crops the elevation image, and uses the slope and aspect analysis function in the GIS spatial analysis module to obtain slope and aspect raster data.

[0067] For land erosion data, the acquisition process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0068] (2-1) Collect remote sensing image data and basic geographic data of the study area.

[0069] (2-2) Perform atmospheric correction and mosaic cropping operations on the remote sensing image data of the study area, use the classification compilation function to obtain land use data, and calculate the normalized vegetation index; obtain the conservation measure factor P based on the land use data, and obtain the vegetation coverage factor C based on the normalized vegetation index.

[0070] (2-3) Based on the basic data of the study area, meteorological data, soil texture data and digital elevation data can be obtained. The meteorological data and soil texture data come from the authoritative data center, and the elevation data comes from the geospatial data cloud. Based on the meteorological data, the precipitation erosivity factor R can be calculated, and based on the soil texture data, the soil erodibility factor K can be calculated; specifically, the precipitation erosivity factor R is estimated by the precipitation algorithm, and the soil erodibility factor K is determined by the soil texture data. The specific formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, P is precipitation, α and β are set parameters; SAN is sand, SIL is silt, CLA is clay, C is organic carbon in the soil, and SN = 1-SAN / 100.

[0073] (2-4) Combined with the parameter factors obtained above, the land erosion amount A is calculated using the formula: A=P*C*R*K*L*S; where P is the conservation measure factor, C is the vegetation coverage factor, L is the slope length factor, S is the slope factor, R is the precipitation erosion factor, and K is the soil erodibility factor.

[0074] Among the above parameters, the conservation measures factor P, vegetation cover factor C, precipitation erosion factor R and soil erodibility factor K can all be obtained by the above method; the slope length factor and slope factor can be obtained by analyzing digital elevation data.

[0075] In this embodiment, for each indicator of digital elevation, slope, aspect and soil erosion, each indicator data is graded through a reclassification operation. According to the difference in their values ​​or data, each indicator is divided into five levels: highly vulnerable, relatively vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, relatively vulnerable and low vulnerable, and values ​​are assigned from 5 to 1.

[0076] The data space of the research area is established, and the entire data space is divided into several grids; the sensitivity level of each indicator on each grid is determined, and the ecological sensitive area level map of each indicator is obtained, which can clearly express the ecological vulnerability of each area of ​​the corresponding indicator. According to different levels of vulnerability, the engineering strategies for site selection and line selection of power transmission and transformation projects are also different.

[0077] Except for the slope aspect and soil erosion factors, the classification of other indicators can adopt the natural breakpoint classification method. The natural breakpoint method is a statistical method for classification and classification based on the statistical distribution law of numerical values. It can maximize the difference between classes. The classification standards are shown in Table 2:

[0078] Table 2 Elevation, slope, aspect and soil erosion classification standards

[0079]

[0080] Raster data of different factors are converted to surface by raster-to-surface operation. After the raster dataset is converted into surface features, the area perimeter calculation and geographic coordinate analysis can be performed on the dataset of the target factor. In the study area, the influence of lithology and fault factors is relatively weak, and they are analyzed as overlay layers in drawing comprehensive evaluation maps and line selection strategy maps.

[0081] This embodiment analyzes the sensitivity of climate change and determines the index values ​​of land use, normalized vegetation index and water body Euclidean distance. Among them, ENVI is used to perform atmospheric correction and mosaic clipping operations on the remote sensing data of the study area, and the classification compilation function is used to obtain land use data; the remote sensing data processed by ENVI is imported into GIS, and the raster calculator tool is used to calculate the normalized vegetation index in combination with the formula NDVI = (NIR-R) / (NIR+R), where NIR is the reflectance value of the near infrared band and R is the reflectance value of the red band; the normalized difference water index is calculated in combination with the formula NDWI = (Green-NIR) / (Green+NIR), where Green is the reflectance value of the green band and NIR is the reflectance value of the near infrared band. The raster calculator tool is used to extract the area where the NDWI value is greater than 0 as the water body, and the Euclidean distance from each grid to the nearest water grid is calculated as the Euclidean distance of the corresponding grid.

[0082] The above indicators are reclassified. According to their values ​​or data, each indicator is divided into five levels: highly vulnerable, relatively vulnerable, moderately vulnerable, relatively vulnerable and low vulnerable, and values ​​are assigned from 5 to 1. The sensitivity level of each indicator on each grid is determined to obtain the ecological sensitive area level map of each indicator.

[0083] Excluding land use data, the classification standards for normalized vegetation index and water body Euclidean distance adopt the natural breakpoint classification method, and the classification standards are shown in Table 3. The study area is mainly yellow-brown soil, so the influence of soil type factors is relatively weak, and it can be used as an overlay layer for analysis when drawing comprehensive evaluation maps and line selection strategy maps.

[0084] Table 3 Classification standards of land use, normalized difference vegetation index and water body Euclidean distance

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Combined with the analysis of various evaluation factors in the study area, land use data, normalized vegetation index data, and Euclidean distance data of water bodies are sensitive to temporal changes. The data of each factor in 2000, 2010, and 2020 were collected, and the raster-to-surface operation was performed to calculate the area of ​​each sensitive area, compare the boundary longitude and latitude, and analyze the degree of change of each factor as the data basis for the factor weights influencing the comprehensive evaluation system.

[0088] (3) The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight of each indicator in the index system, and the ecological sensitivity zone level map of each indicator was fused into a raster dataset through weighted superposition to obtain a comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity.

[0089] In this embodiment, based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (AHP-FCA), a weight analysis is performed on the comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects. Figure 3 , the specific process is:

[0090] First, a hierarchical model is formed by constructing an evaluation factor set and a fuzzy evaluation comment set; the indicator system constructed in this embodiment is used as the evaluation factor set, and a fuzzy evaluation comment set is constructed by expert comments based on the actual data of the indicators; each layer of indicators is assigned a value through fuzzy evaluation, and a judgment matrix for each layer of indicators is constructed; a consistency test is performed on the judgment matrix, and if the consistency test passes, the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is ​​used as the weight of the indicator at this layer; the weight of the secondary indicator is the product of the secondary indicator weight and the corresponding primary indicator weight; if the consistency test fails, the judgment matrix is ​​re-determined.

[0091] Based on the membership theory, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method transforms some qualitative evaluations into quantitative evaluations, organically combines fuzzy mathematical theories, and can accurately reflect the actual situation of construction projects. According to the weight of each indicator, the multi-factor weighted overlay model is used to merge the ecological sensitivity zone level maps of all indicators into a raster data set. The multi-factor weighted overlay model is used for spatial analysis and decision support. It is based on the spatial data of multiple factors, and combines these factors by weighted overlay to generate an ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map. The specific process is as follows:

[0092] In the ecological sensitivity zone level map of each indicator, each grid is assigned a graded value of the corresponding indicator; the graded values ​​of each indicator corresponding to the grid at the same position are weighted summed to obtain the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score of the grid; based on the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, each grid is divided into a comprehensive ecological sensitivity level; the higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, the higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity level of the corresponding position of the grid.

[0093] This embodiment divides a plurality of different comprehensive ecological sensitivity score ranges, and divides each range into a sensitivity level (such as slightly sensitive area, slightly sensitive area, moderately sensitive area, highly sensitive area and extremely sensitive area, etc.); the comprehensive ecological sensitivity level corresponding to each grid is determined by the range to which the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score corresponding to the grid belongs; and finally a comprehensive evaluation map is obtained, which will reflect the comprehensive evaluation results of different regions in terms of ecological fragility and sensitivity of ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0094] (4) The ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map is converted from raster to surface to obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area. The fault raster data, the layers of the constructed power transmission and transformation projects, and the layers of the power transmission and transformation projects to be planned are superimposed. The site selection of the power transmission and transformation project is carried out based on the final visualized surface data.

[0095] The raster-to-surface operation is performed on the comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity. After converting the raster dataset into surface elements, the areas of vulnerable zones at all levels and the vulnerable zone database are obtained through calculation. The digitized boundaries of ecologically fragile zones are obtained by combining the database information. The fault raster data, the constructed power transmission and transformation projects, and the power transmission and transformation projects to be planned are superimposed. The data of low-sensitivity, relatively low-sensitivity, and moderately sensitive areas are selected in the dataset, the cross-digital boundaries of the areas to be planned are obtained, the constructed areas and ground fault areas are avoided, and the final generated dataset and visualized surface data are sited.

[0096] (5) Construct ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, combine them with site selection information, directly generate the path with the least ecological impact, and obtain the line selection strategy for the transmission and transformation project.

[0097] Specifically, each selected power transmission and transformation location is taken as a location point, and the starting location point and the end location point of the power transmission and transformation project are determined;

[0098] For each grid, ecological cost distance grid data and back-link grid data are created; the ecological cost distance grid data is used to represent the ecological distance cost from each grid to the grid corresponding to the starting point, and the ecological distance cost represents the impact of the power transmission and transformation project on the ecology; the back-link grid data is used to indicate the direction of the best path from the current grid to each other grid. The ecological distance cost of this embodiment comprehensively considers

[0099] Based on the end point, ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, the cost path is generated using the cost path polyline tool in the Spatial Analysis tool; the cost path is matched with the data space of the study area to obtain the path with the least ecological impact between the starting point and the end point.

[0100] This embodiment combines the back-link raster data with the cost distance raster data to help determine the optimal path from the end point back to the starting point; combined with the cost path polyline tool, the path with the least ecological impact can be directly generated, that is, the line selection strategy diagram of the power transmission and transformation project. The line selection results are as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0101] Embodiment 2

[0102] In one or more embodiments, a site-line parallel optimization system for power transmission and transformation projects is disclosed, comprising:

[0103] The module for constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system is used to analyze the geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas, and climate change sensitivity of the study area, screen out key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment, and construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects;

[0104] The ecological sensitive area classification module is used to establish the research area data space, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area grade map corresponding to each indicator;

[0105] The ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation module is used to determine the weight of each indicator in the indicator system by using the hierarchical analysis method, and to fuse the ecological sensitivity zone level map of each indicator into a raster data set by weighted superposition to obtain the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map;

[0106] The power transmission and transformation project site selection module is used to convert the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map from raster to surface, obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area, superimpose the fault raster data, the constructed power transmission and transformation project layers, and the power transmission and transformation project layers to be planned, and select the site of the power transmission and transformation project based on the final generated visual surface data;

[0107] The power transmission and transformation project line selection module is used to construct ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, and combine the site selection information to directly generate the path with the least ecological impact and obtain the power transmission and transformation project line selection strategy.

[0108] The specific implementation of the above modules is the same as that in Example 1 and will not be described in detail.

[0109] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects, characterized in that: include: The geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas and sensitivity to climate change in the study area were analyzed respectively, and the key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment were screened out, and a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects was constructed; Establish a data space for the research area, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area level map corresponding to each indicator; The weight of each indicator in the indicator system is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process, and the ecological sensitivity level map of each indicator is fused into a raster data set by weighted superposition to obtain a comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity. Perform raster-to-surface conversion on the comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity to obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area, superimpose fault raster data, layers of constructed power transmission and transformation projects, and power transmission and transformation projects to be planned, and select the site for the power transmission and transformation project based on the final generated visualized surface data; Ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data are constructed, and combined with site selection information, the path with the least ecological impact is directly generated to obtain the line selection strategy for the transmission and transformation project.

2. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects includes: geological environment heterogeneity indicators and climate change sensitivity indicators, among which the geological environment heterogeneity indicators include: secondary indicators of elevation, slope and soil erosion; the climate change sensitivity indicators include: secondary indicators of land use, normalized vegetation index and Euclidean distance of water bodies.

3. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The land erosion data is obtained as follows: A=P*C*R*K*L*S; wherein A is the amount of soil erosion, P is the conservation measure factor, C is the vegetation coverage factor, L is the slope length factor, S is the slope factor, R is the precipitation erosion factor, and K is the soil erodibility factor.

4. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The normalized vegetation index is obtained as follows: NDVI = (NIR-R) / (NIR+R); Among them, NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, NIR is the reflectance value of the near-infrared band, and R is the reflectance value of the red band; The Euclidean distance of the water body is obtained as follows: Calculate the normalized difference water index: NDWI = (Green-NIR) / (Green+NIR); where NDWI is the normalized difference water index, Green is the reflectance value of the green band, and NIR is the reflectance value of the near-infrared band; extract the area with NDWI value greater than 0 as the water body, and calculate the Euclidean distance from each grid to the nearest water body grid as the Euclidean distance of the corresponding grid to the water body.

5. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The grid data of each indicator in the indicator system are reclassified to obtain the ecological sensitive area level map corresponding to each indicator, specifically: For the secondary indicators of elevation, slope or soil erosion, as well as the secondary indicators of land use, vegetation and water system, five levels of low vulnerability, relatively low vulnerability, medium vulnerability, relatively high vulnerability and high vulnerability are divided according to the indicator data; Determine the data situation of each indicator on each grid in the data space of the study area, divide the levels according to the data situation, and thus obtain the ecological sensitive area level map of each indicator on all grids; digitally represent the different ecological sensitivity levels of the corresponding indicators on the ecological sensitive area level map, including area, perimeter, geographical location longitude and latitude and level data.

6. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of each indicator in the indicator system is determined by using the hierarchical analysis method, specifically: Each layer of indicators is assigned a value through fuzzy evaluation, and a judgment matrix for each layer of indicators is constructed; the judgment matrix is ​​subjected to a consistency check. If the consistency check passes, the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix is ​​used as the weight of the indicator at this layer; the weight of the secondary indicator is the product of the secondary indicator weight and the corresponding primary indicator weight; if the consistency check fails, the judgment matrix is ​​re-determined.

7. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological sensitivity level maps of each indicator are fused into a raster dataset by weighted overlay to obtain a comprehensive evaluation map of ecological sensitivity. The specific process is as follows: In the ecological sensitive area grade map of each indicator, each grid is assigned a graded value of the corresponding indicator; The weighted sum of the graded values ​​of each indicator corresponding to the grid at the same location is performed to obtain the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score of the grid; Based on the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, each grid is divided into a comprehensive ecological sensitivity level; The higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity score, the higher the comprehensive ecological sensitivity level of the corresponding location of the grid.

8. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The site selection of power transmission and transformation project is carried out based on the final generated visualization surface data, specifically: Select low-sensitivity, relatively low-sensitivity and moderately sensitive areas, and avoid areas with existing power transmission and transformation projects and ground fault areas when selecting sites for power transmission and transformation projects.

9. A method for parallel optimization of sites and lines for power transmission and transformation projects as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the line selection strategy for power transmission and transformation projects is as follows: Take each transmission and transformation location of the site as a location point, and determine the starting location point and the end location point of the transmission and transformation project; Creating ecological cost distance grid data and back-link grid data for each grid; the ecological cost distance grid data is used to characterize the ecological distance cost from each grid to the grid corresponding to the starting point; the back-link grid data is used to indicate the direction of the best path from the current grid to each other grid; Based on the end point location, ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, the cost path is generated using the cost path polyline tool; The cost path is matched with the data space of the study area to obtain the path with the least ecological impact between the starting and ending locations.

10. A site-line parallel optimization system for power transmission and transformation projects, characterized in that: include: The module for constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system is used to analyze the geological environment heterogeneity, spatial distribution characteristics of ecologically sensitive areas, and climate change sensitivity of the study area, screen out key evaluation factors that can reflect the impact of power transmission and transformation projects on the ecological environment, and construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the ecological impact of power transmission and transformation projects; The ecological sensitive area classification module is used to establish the research area data space, reclassify the raster data of each indicator in the indicator system, and obtain the ecological sensitive area grade map corresponding to each indicator; The ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation module is used to determine the weight of each indicator in the indicator system by using the hierarchical analysis method, and to fuse the ecological sensitivity zone level map of each indicator into a raster data set by weighted superposition to obtain the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map; The power transmission and transformation project site selection module is used to convert the ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation map from raster to surface, obtain the digital boundary of the ecologically fragile area, superimpose the fault raster data, the constructed power transmission and transformation project layers, and the power transmission and transformation project layers to be planned, and select the site of the power transmission and transformation project based on the final generated visual surface data; The power transmission and transformation project line selection module is used to construct ecological cost distance raster data and back-link raster data, and combine the site selection information to directly generate the path with the least ecological impact and obtain the power transmission and transformation project line selection strategy.

Images