Electrical plug-in connection device

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical plug-type connection device, comprising an electrical plug-type connector and a corresponding electrical mating plug-type connector, comprising an outer conductor contact element in the plug-type connector and a mating outer conductor contact element in the mating plug-type connector. The plug-side end region of the outer conductor contact element is provided with an inner surface which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug connector, the inner diameter of which gradually decreases in the direction opposite the plug-in direction S1 of the plug connector. The outer surface is arranged in the plug-side end region of the mating outer conductor contact element, which outer surface is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug connector and has an outer diameter that gradually decreases in the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug connector. The inner surface and the outer surface are in contact only on the annular line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electrical plug-in connection device, which comprises an electrical plug-in connector with an external conductor contact element and a corresponding electrical counterpart plug-in connector with a counterpart external conductor contact element. Background Art

[0002] An electrical plug-in connection device consists of an electrical plug-in connector and a corresponding mating plug-in connector, and is used for disconnectable transmission of data signals and / or electrical supply voltage. In order to prevent electromagnetic radiation from coupling into the plug-in connection device and coupling release from the plug-in connection device, the plug-in connection device usually adopts a shielding structure. In particular, in the case of transmitting high-frequency to the highest frequency signals, the requirements for shielding are particularly high. In this case, the external conductor contact between the external conductor contact element of the plug-in connector and the mating external conductor contact element of the mating plug-in connector is rarely carried out by radial contact, because the point contact of the single spring clip of the external conductor contact element cannot achieve all-round external conductor contact. On the contrary, in these application fields, front contact is usually carried out using the plane and plane-parallel contact surface between the external conductor contact element and the mating external conductor contact element.

[0003] Figure 1A A schematic longitudinal section showing the plug-in operation between a plug-in connector and a mating plug-in connector, Figure 1B The schematic longitudinal section of shows the front contact of the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element in the plugged state. The ideal state of the front contact is to achieve full-area contact, which is peripherally closed relative to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connection device, so as to achieve optimal shielding at the electrical and mechanical interface between the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector.

[0004] Reliable positive contact usually requires a high axial contact pressure. On the contrary, if the axial contact pressure is insufficient, a tilt will occur between the outer conductor contact element and the corresponding mating outer conductor contact element, such as Figure 1C The tilting can be achieved because a certain clearance is required between the inner diameter of the outer conductor contact element of the plug connector and the outer diameter of the mating outer conductor contact element of the mating plug connector.

[0005] Therefore, in the undesirable tilted state of the plug-in connector during plugging, the originally intended peripheral full-area contact becomes a single-sided point contact, which impairs the shielding and high-frequency transmission characteristics. In addition, the characteristics of the single-sided point contact are unstable and may change over time, so that undesirable passive intermodulation (PIM) may occur.

[0006] This situation needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0007] Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide an electrical plug connection which enables reliable peripheral contact between an outer conductor contact element and a mating outer conductor contact element even in an inclined position between the plug connector and the mating plug connector.

[0008] According to the invention, this object is achieved by an electrical plug-in connection.

[0009] Accordingly, the following is provided:

[0010] A plug-in electrical connection device comprising

[0011] - electrical plug-in connectors, and

[0012] - a corresponding electrical mating plug-in connector,

[0013] - the plug-in connector has an external conductor contact element, and

[0014] - the mating plug-in connector has a mating outer conductor contact element, and

[0015] the plug-side end region of the outer conductor contact element is provided with an inner surface which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and whose inner diameter tapers in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the plug-in connector, and

[0016] - an outer surface is provided in the plug-in-side end region of the mating outer conductor contact element, which outer surface is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector and whose outer diameter tapers in the plug-in direction of the mating plug-in connector,

[0017] - The inner and outer surfaces are in contact only on the annular line.

[0018] The findings / concepts underlying the present invention include: configuring an inner surface in the contact area of ​​the outer conductor contact element, the inner diameter of which tapers in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the plug-in connector; configuring an outer surface in the contact area of ​​the mating outer conductor contact element, the outer diameter of which tapers in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the mating plug-in connector. In this way, a contact force having an axial force component and a radial or transverse force component relative to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector can be achieved on the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element, and a contact force having an axial force component and a radial or transverse force component relative to the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector can be achieved on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element.

[0019] The invention is suitable in particular (but not exclusively) for plug-in connections in which a mechanical play exists, for example due to manufacturing tolerances, which allows the plug-in mating part to tilt in the plugged-in state.

[0020] The rotationally symmetrical inner surface is preferably a completely continuous surface and is generally not to be understood in the context of the present invention as a combination of a plurality of individual surfaces. The same is preferably true for the outer surface.

[0021] The plug-in connector preferably has only one (especially exactly one continuous) inner surface and the mating plug-in connector has only one (especially exactly one continuous) outer surface for electrical and mechanical contacting of the outer conductors.

[0022] For electrical and mechanical contacting of the outer conductors, contactless spring clamps are preferably used.

[0023] Furthermore, if there is not full-area contact between the outer surface and the inner surface, but rather linear contact, in particular contact only on a circular line, then for each angle of inclination between the longitudinal axis of the plug connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug connector, the circular line on the inner surface will come into contact with the circular line on the outer surface corresponding to the angle of inclination. Thus, in each case, the manner in which the different circular lines on the outer surface come into contact with the circular line on the inner surface depends on the size of the angle of inclination.

[0024] Contact on a circular line requires that the outer conductor contact element has an inner surface which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and that the mating outer conductor contact element has an outer surface which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector. If the center point of the circular line lies on the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector, the circular line of contact lies on the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element.

[0025] If the longitudinal axes of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are not tilted, that is, the longitudinal axes of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are aligned with each other, then the contacting circular line is simultaneously located on the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element if the center point of the circular line is simultaneously located on the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and on the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector.

[0026] In particular, in at least one possible plugged state of the plug-in connection, preferably in a plurality of possible plugged states, in particular in the case where the longitudinal axes of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are coaxial, the inner surface and the outer surface may contact on an annular line. Preferably, in all possible plugged states, the inner surface and the outer surface contact on an annular line.

[0027] In the case of an inclination between the longitudinal axis of the plug connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug connector, the direction of the contact plane determined by the contact annular line of the contact plane is inclined at an inclination angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the mating plug connector. The direction of the contact plane is determined by the direction of the surface vector of the contact plane passing through the center point of the contact annular line on the outer surface.

[0028] If in each case the contact regions of the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element are located in the end region of the plug-in side of the plug-in connector and the mating outer conductor contact element, respectively, and the mating outer conductor contact element on the end region of the plug-in side of the mating plug-in connector is plugged into the outer conductor contact element of the plug-in connector, contact occurs between the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element.

[0029] The all-round contact between the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element advantageously enables all-round shielding or all-round shielded transmission, so that the high-frequency transmission characteristics are optimized due to the shielding of the plug-in connection at different degrees of tilt between the plug-in connector and the corresponding mating plug-in connector, as well as in the non-tilted case.

[0030] Furthermore, linear contact on a circular line allows for higher contact pressures than full-area contact. In this way, unintended deviations in the contact area between the contact elements can be compensated for with lower contact forces, resulting in more efficient all-round electrical contact between the contact elements.

[0031] Finally, compared to full-area contacts, linear contacts can rub between the contact surfaces during tilting movements between the plug connector and the mating plug connector, especially during repeated tilting movements (in the case of multiple plugging cycles). Over time, oxide layers that form on the contact surfaces increase the contact resistance in an undesirable manner, while through the rubbing movement of the linear contacts, the oxide layers are advantageously eliminated, thereby keeping the contact resistance low.

[0032] If an axial offset occurs between the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector during the plug-in operation, the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element, which is configured to have an inner diameter that tapers in the plug-in direction of the mating plug-in connector, can center the mating plug-in connector in the plug-in connector, thereby making its axial positioning possible.

[0033] The outer diameter of the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the inner diameter of the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element can in each case taper in a straight line, in a curve, in a single step or in multiple steps. In the case of a curved taper, a constant radius of curvature or a variable radius of curvature are conceivable. The curvature can be convex or concave. In the case of a straight taper of the outer diameter or inner diameter, a conical outer surface or a conical inner surface occurs. In the case of a convex or concave taper of the outer diameter or inner diameter, the outer surface is curved convexly or concavely and the inner surface is curved convexly or concavely. If the inner diameter of the inner surface or the outer diameter of the outer surface tapers in a convex or concave curve with a constant radius of curvature, the curvature of the outer surface or the inner surface is convex spherical or concave spherical. In all other cases of curvature, an aspherical curvature exists. The transition between convex and concave curvature, i.e., S-shaped curvature, can also be imagined as a special case of an aspherical curvature.

[0034] The outer surface (whose outer diameter tapers) and the inner surface (whose inner diameter tapers) can extend to a larger axial portion of the mating outer conductor contact element and the outer conductor contact element, respectively. As an alternative, the outer surface (whose outer diameter tapers) and the inner surface (whose inner diameter tapers) can also be configured in each case only in the axial portion of the rounded or beveled edge.

[0035] If the outer diameter of the outer surface or the inner diameter of the inner surface tapers in each case in a straight line, convexly curved or concavely curved manner, the taper is continuous along the entire axial direction of the outer surface or inner surface. This ensures that the annular line of the outer surface is in full-circumferential contact with the annular line of the inner surface within every technically suitable angle of inclination between the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector.

[0036] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the inner surface and the outer diameter of the outer surface gradually decrease with different slopes or different radii of curvature.

[0037] It is also conceivable that the outer surface or the inner surface each has a plurality of axial sections, the inner diameter or the outer diameter of which tapers in each case in a linear manner with different slopes or in each case in a curved manner with different radii of curvature. The plurality of axial sections of the outer surface or the inner surface can also form a combination of a taper and a curved taper of the inner diameter or the outer diameter. In these cases, the transitions between the individual axial sections of the outer surface or the inner surface can form peripheral edges.

[0038] In a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the inner surface tapers in a straight line or in steps (single or multiple steps), while the outer diameter of the outer surface tapers in a curved manner, or vice versa. It has proven particularly advantageous to combine a non-curved or non-arc taper with a curved or arc taper.

[0039] As described above, if the inclination angle between the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector changes, the position of the contact ring line between the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element will also change. The position of the contact ring line on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element will only change if the outer diameter of the outer surface of the outer conductor contact element gradually decreases in a linear or curved manner. If the outer diameter of the outer surface gradually decreases in a step-like manner, the position of the contact ring line on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element cannot be changed. In this case, the contact ring line on the outer surface is set at different inclination angles on the outer edge of the outer diameter of the outer surface, and the outer diameter gradually decreases in a step-like manner.

[0040] The contact between the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element on the annular line is a linear contact. Here and hereinafter, the linear contact on the annular line includes not only the linear contact in an idealized case, but also the annular linear contact between the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element, and the flattening (i.e., the so-called surface pressure or Hertz stress) caused by the residual elasticity of the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element when the contact pressure is determined.

[0041] The outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element are in each case sleeve-shaped contact elements made of a material with good mechanical and electrical properties, preferably brass, bronze, steel or stainless steel. In order to minimize the contact resistance in the contact area, the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element (especially in the contact area) can be coated with a coating material with good electrical conductivity, preferably gold, silver or nickel. As an alternative, an uncoated contact surface can also be selected.

[0042] Since the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element each have a contact area with a rotationally symmetrical shape, that is, a rotationally symmetrical inner surface and a rotationally symmetrical outer surface, the edge of the outer surface and the edge of the inner surface, in particular the inner edge of the outer surface and the inner surface, are preferably also rotationally symmetrical. Therefore, the through holes of the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact element for receiving the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element, respectively, preferably have an annular cross-sectional profile. Therefore, a single inner conductor contact element for configuring a coaxial plug-in connector is preferably installed in the annular through hole of the outer conductor contact element, and a single mating inner conductor contact element for configuring a coaxial mating plug-in connector is preferably installed in the annular through hole of the mating outer conductor contact element. However, as an alternative, multiple inner conductor contact elements and multiple mating inner conductor contact elements, such as two or four inner conductor contact elements and two or four mating inner conductor contact elements, can also be selected.

[0043] The plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are preferably both cable plug-in connectors. However, the plug-in connector or, as an alternative, the mating plug-in connector can be configured as a printed circuit board plug-in connector, a housing plug-in connector, a flush plug-in connector or an adapter plug-in connector in each case. The plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are preferably configured as straight-on connectors. In each case, an angular variation of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector is also conceivable. In this variation, the features of the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector mentioned in the context are related to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector in the end area of ​​the plug-in side of the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector.

[0044] Advantageous improvements and developments are possible according to the further dependent claims and the description with reference to the drawings.

[0045] It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and yet to be explained below can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0046] In the case of a linear or curved taper of the outer diameter and the inner diameter, the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element preferably have an inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the plug-in connector and relative to the longitudinal axis of the mating plug-in connector, respectively, in the range of 35° to 75°, preferably between 55° and 65°, particularly preferably 60°.

[0047] If the slope of both the inner and outer surfaces is below the specified parameter range, the axial position of the plug connector may be inaccurate due to manufacturing tolerances. If the slope of both the inner and outer surfaces is greater than the specified parameter range, the static friction generated between the contact surfaces will hinder the alignment between the plug connector and the mating plug connector.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the annular line is located on the peripheral outer edge of the outer surface or the inner surface, or on the convex curved surface of the outer surface or the inner surface, the annular linear contact between the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element can occur at different inclination angles between the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector, respectively.

[0049] Here and below, the peripheral outer edge is distinguished from the peripheral inner edge in that the peripheral outer edge refers to an edge on the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element that is raised in the direction of the outer surface opposite to the mating outer conductor contact element, or an edge on the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element that is raised in the direction of the inner surface opposite to the outer conductor contact element. The peripheral outer edge is the boundary between two falling part surfaces of the inner surface and the outer surface. The angle between the inclined part surfaces of the outer edge can be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. In the first case, the outer edge is configured as a burr. In the second case, there is an outer edge between two straight rising part surfaces of the inner surface and the outer surface. If the angle between the falling part surfaces of the inner surface and the outer surface is 90°, the inner diameter of the inner surface or the outer diameter of the outer surface gradually decreases in a step-like manner.

[0050] The outer convex curved surface of the inner surface or outer surface is also called the outer positive curved surface, which is the outer surface of the inner surface or outer surface curved outward. It has a convex curved surface in the direction of the inner diameter of the inner surface cone or the outer diameter of the outer surface.

[0051] If the outer edge or the convex curvature in the direction of the inner surface is in each case arranged only on the outer surface, or the outer edge or the convex curvature in the direction of the outer surface is in each case arranged only on the inner surface, then the gradual reduction in diameter of the relative surfaces in contact therewith, i.e. the gradual reduction in the inner diameter of the inner surface and the gradual reduction in the outer diameter of the outer surface, can in each case be arranged in a conical, single-step or multi-step, convexly curved or concavely curved manner.

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner surface can in each case be configured to be axially spaced apart from the plug-side end of the outer conductor contact element, or the outer surface can in each case be configured to be axially spaced apart from the plug-side end of the mating outer conductor contact element.

[0053] If the inner surface of the plug-in connector, whose inner diameter tapers in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the plug-in connector, can be arranged axially spaced apart from the end of the outer conductor contact element on the plug-in side, the outer conductor contact element has an introduction region for introducing a mating outer conductor contact element. In this way, the outer conductor contact element can be aligned with the mating outer conductor contact element in a first plug-in process step during the plug-in operation of the plug-in connector with the mating plug-in connector before the inner conductor contact element is aligned with the mating inner conductor contact element. In order to improve the alignment of the outer conductor contact element with the mating outer conductor contact element, a catch funnel function can be provided in the introduction region. For this purpose, the end of the introduction region on the plug-in side can be a bevel, or the entire axial section of the introduction region can be conical.

[0054] As an alternative, the outer surface of the mating plug-in connector, in which the outer diameter tapers in the plugging direction of the mating plug-in connector, can be arranged axially spaced apart from the plug-side end of the mating outer conductor contact element, so that during the plugging operation of the plug-in connector with the mating plug-in connector, the outer conductor contact element is aligned relative to the mating outer conductor contact element before the inner conductor contact element is aligned relative to the mating inner conductor contact element. Here, the plug-side end of the mating outer conductor contact element is located in the center of the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element, while the inner diameter of the outer conductor contact element tapers in the direction opposite to the plugging direction of the plug-in connector. In this case, the outer conductor contact element cannot have any lead-in area upstream of the outer surface area on the plug-side. In order to improve the centering of the mating outer conductor contact element relative to the outer conductor contact element, a chamfer can be provided at the plug-side end of the mating outer conductor contact element.

[0055] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plug-in connector and / or the mating plug-in connector may each have an axially acting clamping device so that the inner surface of the external conductor contact element contacts the outer surface of the mating external conductor contact element with sufficient contact pressure. Here, preferably, an axially acting clamping spring is used, which is clamped between the plug-in connector housing and the external conductor contact element in a prestressed manner. The elastic force of the clamping spring acts on the external conductor contact element to achieve a contact force of the external conductor contact element in the plug-in direction. As an alternative or supplement to the clamping spring of the plug-in connector, a clamping spring can also be provided, which is clamped between the mating plug-in connector housing and the mating external conductor contact element in a prestressed manner and generates a contact force, which acts on the mating external conductor contact element in the plug-in direction.

[0056] Another technical solution for generating the contact force is to use a screw connection between the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector, in particular by means of a union nut with an internal thread. Finally, magnets or latching devices can also be provided as clamping devices.

[0057] In order to transmit high-frequency or highest-frequency signals, the plug-in connector can also have an inner conductor contact element, which can be arranged at least partially in the outer conductor contact element, and the mating plug-in connector can also have a mating inner conductor contact element, which can be arranged at least partially in the mating outer conductor contact element. In the plugged state of the plug-in connection, the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element can preferably be in contact in the axial section of the mating outer conductor contact element. If the inner conductor contact element is preferably arranged only in a part of the outer conductor contact element, the inner conductor contact element can be arranged in the outer conductor contact element for protection, and the mating inner conductor contact element can also be arranged in the mating outer conductor contact element for protection.

[0058] Furthermore, such an arrangement between the inner conductor contact element, the mating inner conductor contact element, the outer conductor contact element and the mating outer conductor contact may, in the event of a tilt between the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector, in particular in the event of a relatively large tilt angle, result in: bending of the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element and, to a greater extent, permanent damage to the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element, loosening of the contact between the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element.

[0059] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the contact between the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element can be arranged in an axial section of the mating outer conductor contact element, i.e. an axial section of the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element, adjacent to the plug-side end of the mating outer conductor contact element. In an ideal embodiment, the contact between the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element can be arranged in the rotational or tilting center of the outer surface of the mating outer conductor contact element.

[0060] In the penultimately mentioned case, in particular in the last case, when the plug-in connector and the mating plug-in connector are adjacent or tilted exactly in their contact region, the mating inner conductor contact element is rotated relative to the inner conductor contact element, with the result that the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element are not damaged or at least only slightly damaged.

[0061] The inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element can contact one another in a conventional radial contacting manner, preferably in accordance with the socket / pin principle.

[0062] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the contact between the inner conductor contact element and the counterpart inner conductor contact element can be realized according to the contact principle of the outer conductor contact element and the counterpart outer conductor contact element.

[0063] To this end, in a first embodiment of the contact principle, an inner sheath surface whose inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the plug-in connector is configured in the end area of ​​the plug-in side of the inner conductor contact element, and an outer sheath surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases in the plug-in direction of the mating plug-in connector is configured in the end area of ​​the plug-in side of the mating inner conductor contact element.

[0064] To this end, in a second embodiment of the contact principle, an outer sheath surface whose outer diameter tapers gradually in the plug-in direction of the plug-in connector is provided at the plug-in-side end region of the inner conductor contact element, and an inner sheath surface whose inner diameter tapers gradually in the direction opposite to the plug-in direction of the mating plug-in connector is provided at the plug-in-side end region of the mating inner conductor contact element.

[0065] In both embodiments of the contact principle, the inner jacket surface may be in contact with the outer jacket surface only in an annular line.

[0066] The above-mentioned technical features for the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element and the outer surface of the inner conductor contact element are also applicable to the technical embodiments of the inner sheath surface or outer sheath surface of the inner conductor contact element and the outer sheath surface or inner sheath surface of the corresponding matching inner conductor contact element.

[0067] In order to achieve a contact pressure between the inner conductor contact element and the mating inner conductor contact element, the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element are preferably mounted in each case in a spring-supported manner. To this end, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element can each have a compression spring, which can be arranged between two axially spaced component bodies of the inner conductor contact element and / or the mating inner conductor contact element.

[0068] The above improvements and developments can be combined with each other as appropriate. Other possible improvements, developments and implementations of the invention also include combinations of features of the invention not explicitly mentioned which have been described above or below in the exemplary embodiments.

[0069] In particular, those skilled in the art may also add individual aspects as improvements or supplements based on the basic forms of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] The present invention will be explained in more detail below based on the schematic diagrams in the accompanying drawings:

[0071] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a plug-in device in the prior art in an unplugged state, a plugged and untilted state, and a plugged and tilted state is shown,

[0072] Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 2C A longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the plug-in device of the present invention in an unplugged state, a plugged and non-tilted state, and a plugged and tilted state,

[0073] Figure 2D A detailed illustration of a first embodiment of a plug connection according to the invention is shown in a plugged-in and untilted state,

[0074] Figure 2E A plan view showing the mating outer conductor contact elements in a plugged and tilted state,

[0075] Figure 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section view of a second embodiment of a plug-in connection device according to the present invention in a plugged-in and untilted state,

[0076] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C A longitudinal sectional view showing an improved embodiment of the plug-in device of the present invention in an unplugged state, a plugged and non-tilted state, and a plugged and tilted state,

[0077] Figure 5A and Figure 5B A longitudinal section showing two design variants for applying contact forces for a plug-type connection according to the invention, and

[0078] Figure 6A-6M The figures show longitudinal sections of plug-in connections according to the invention of different geometric shapes.

[0079] The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. The accompanying drawings illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description, explain the principles and concepts of the present invention. Based on the accompanying drawings, we can also see other embodiments and many of the advantages described. The elements in the drawings are not necessarily shown in true proportion relative to each other.

[0080] In the figures, identical elements, features and components that have the same function and act the same are in each case provided with the same reference symbols, unless otherwise indicated.

[0081] These figures will be described below in a consistent and general manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] Figures 2A to 2E A first embodiment of a plug-in connection device 1 according to the invention is shown, which comprises a plug-in connector 2 and a corresponding mating plug-in connector 3. The plug-in connector 2 has an inner conductor contact element 4 and an outer conductor contact element 5, which surrounds the inner conductor contact element 4. The inner conductor contact element 4 is spaced apart from the outer conductor contact element 5 by a plurality of dielectric spacing elements 6 and is therefore electrically insulated from the outer conductor contact element 5. In the same way, the mating plug-in connector 3 has a mating inner conductor contact element 7 and a mating outer conductor contact element 8, which surrounds the mating inner conductor contact element 7. The mating inner conductor contact element 7 is likewise spaced apart from the mating outer conductor contact element 8 by a plurality of dielectric spacing elements 6 and is therefore electrically insulated from the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0083] The outer conductor contact element 5 has an inner surface 9 of a conical structure, the inner diameter of which gradually decreases in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction S1 of the plug-in connector 2. The conical inner surface 9 is arranged axially spaced apart from a plug-in side end 10 of the outer conductor contact element 5 in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction S1 to form an introduction area 11 for a mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0084] The mating outer conductor contact element 8 has a convexly curved outer surface 12, i.e. a spherical outer surface 12, the outer diameter of which tapers in the plugging direction S2 of the mating plug connector 3. The conical outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 directly adjoins an end 13 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 on the plug side.

[0085] The mating outer conductor contact element 8 is mounted in a spring-supported manner in the plugging direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector 3 by means of a spring 14, preferably by helically surrounding the mating outer conductor contact element 8 by means of a clamping spring 14. The clamping spring 14 is preferably clamped between a flange 23 arranged on the outer conductor contact element 8 and a plug-in connector housing (at the Figures 2A to 2E not shown).

[0086] according to FIG. 2B to FIG. 2E In the plugged state of the plug-in connection device 1, the spherical outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is in contact with the conical inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5. In this case, the outer conductor contact element 5 is in contact with the mating outer conductor contact element 8 only on the ring line 15 (see Figure 2E), whether in a non-inclined (coaxial) state between the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug-in connector 2 and the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector 3 (such as Figure 2B ), or in a tilted state (such as Figure 2C ), all of which are the same. Thus, a peripheral contact is established between the outer conductor contact element 5 and the mating outer conductor contact element 8 relative to the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug connector 2 and the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug connector 3, respectively, which prevents high-frequency or maximum-frequency radiation from entering or being released from the plug connection device 1.

[0087] The contact plane 30 is defined by the contact ring line 15 on the outer surface 12 of the mating plug-in connector 3 and is oriented orthogonally to the contact plane 30 (see FIG. Figure 2E ) is inclined at an angle α relative to the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector 3. K The tilt angle is the angle between the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug-in connector 2 and the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector 3. Figure 2E As shown, the center point of the contact ring line on the outer surface 12 of the mating plug-in connector 3 is not located on the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector 3, but is arranged to be spaced apart from the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector 3 in the axial direction, and the degree of spacing depends on the inclination angle α K .

[0088] like Figures 2A to 2D As shown, the contact between the inner conductor contact element 4 and the mating inner conductor contact element 7 is carried out radially according to the common pin / socket principle. Figure 2D As shown, the contact between the inner conductor contact element 4 and the mating inner conductor contact element 7 is preferably arranged on the curved surface or inclined center point K of the spherically curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 to prevent the inner conductor contact element 4 and the mating inner conductor contact element 7 from bending or damage.

[0089] from Figure 3 A second embodiment of the plug-in connection device 1 according to the invention can be seen in FIG. In this case, in contrast to the first embodiment, the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is arranged axially spaced from the plug-side end 13 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8. For this purpose, the mating outer conductor contact element 8 has an axial section 16 between the plug-side end 13 and the conical outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8, which is in the form of a hollow cylinder, which facilitates plugging the mating outer conductor contact element 8 into the introduction region 11 of the outer conductor contact element 5.

[0090] FIG. 4A to FIG. 4CA preferred development of the plug connection 1 according to the invention is shown, in which, in addition to the contacting of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the mating outer conductor contact element 8 on the ring line 15 , a ring-shaped contacting of the inner conductor contact element 4 and the mating inner conductor contact element 7 is also achieved.

[0091] For this purpose, the inner conductor contact element 4 has a conical inner jacket surface 17, the inner diameter of which tapers in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction S1 of the plug-in connector 2. The conical inner jacket surface 17 preferably extends directly to the vicinity of the plug-in-side end 18 of the inner conductor contact element 4. Furthermore, the mating inner conductor contact element 7 has an outer jacket surface 19, the outer diameter of which tapers in the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector 3. The conical outer jacket surface 19 extends in a similar manner from the plug-in-side end 20 of the mating inner conductor contact element 7.

[0092] In order to achieve a sufficient contact force between the inner conductor contact element 4 and the mating inner conductor contact element 7, the mating inner conductor contact element 7 has two component bodies 211 and 212, which are spaced apart in the axial direction and connected to each other by a spring 22 (preferably a compression spring 22). In this way, the component body 211 of the mating inner conductor contact element 7 is mounted in a spring-supported manner in the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector 3, and the component body 211 is located at the end 20 on the plug-in side of the mating inner conductor contact element 7 and has a conical outer sheath surface 19. According to Figure 4B and Figure 4C In the plugged state of the plug-in connection device 1, the compression spring 22 is preloaded, so that the elastic force of the compression spring 22 presses the component body 211 of the mating inner conductor contact element 7 toward the inner conductor contact element 4 with a certain contact pressure. For example, the other component body 212 of the mating inner conductor contact element 7 is fixed on the dielectric spacing element 6.

[0093] The overall schematic diagram of the plug-in connection device 1 is shown in Figure 5A, wherein the contact pressure of the outer conductor contact is realized by a clamping spring 14. For this purpose, the clamping spring 14 is clamped between a flange 23 and a plug connector housing 24 of the mating plug connector 3, the flange 23 being arranged on the outer jacket side of the mating inner conductor contact element 7. The plug connector housing 24 of the mating plug connector 3 is connected to the plug connector housing 25 of the plug connector 2 by means of a latch, for example. For this purpose, the plug connector housing 25 of the plug connector 2 has at least one latching device 26, which is in each case configured, for example, as a latching lead-through, into which a corresponding mating latching device 27 of the plug connector housing 24 of the plug connector 3 is inserted and latches. Due to the latching action between the latching device 26 and the mating latching device 27, the clamping spring 14 is compressed, and its spring force presses the outer conductor contact element 8 against the mating outer conductor contact element 5 with a contact force that corresponds to the spring force.

[0094] In addition to a latching connection, a bayonet connection or a screw connection can also be selected between the plug connector housing 24 of the plug connector 3 and the plug connector housing 25 of the plug connector 2 .

[0095] In addition to the contact force generated by the prestressed clamping spring 14, it is also possible to Figure 5B The outer conductor contact element 5 and the corresponding mating outer conductor contact element 8 are clamped by a magnetic connection in the plug connector 2. To this end, at least one magnetic connection member, preferably a plurality of magnetic connections members, is arranged between the plug connector housing 25 of the plug connector 2 and the plug connector housing 24 of the mating plug connector 3. Each magnetic connection member is composed of a first magnet 281 and a second magnet 282, which attract each other due to different magnetic poles. The magnet 281 is preferably arranged on the end face of the plug connector housing 24 of the mating plug connector 3 or in the area adjacent to the end face, while the magnet 282 is preferably arranged on the opposite end face of the plug connector housing 25 of the plug connector 2 or in the area adjacent to the opposite end face.

[0096] The plug-in connector housing 24 of the mating plug-in connector 3 drives the mating external conductor contact element 8 axially along the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector 3 via the flange 23 arranged on the outer sheath side, so that the external conductor contact element 8 is pressed against the external conductor contact element 5 with a certain contact pressure when the plug-in connector housing 24 of the mating plug-in connector 3 is tightened and the plug-in connector housing 24 is thus fixed via at least one magnetic connector on the plug-in connector housing 25 of the plug-in connector 2.

[0097] As an alternative to the clamping operation, the contact force between the external conductor contact element 5 and the corresponding mating external conductor contact element 8 can be achieved by the elastic force of the clamping spring 14 or the magnetic attraction between two magnets, or by the clamping force of a bolt connection, a bayonet connection or a pin connection between the mating plug-in connector 3 and the plug-in connector 2.

[0098] In addition to the annular linear contact between the conical inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the spherical curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 described above, other geometric shape combinations can also be used to achieve annular linear contact, as follows Figures 6A to 6M As shown:

[0099] exist Fig. 6A In the embodiment, an annular linear contact is formed between the outer conductor contact element 5 and the corresponding mating outer conductor contact element 8 by the conical inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the rounded edge between the end on the plugging side of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 and the sheath surface.

[0100] Figure 6B An annular linear contact between the concavely curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the convexly curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown.

[0101] Figure 6C An annular linear contact between the convexly curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the similarly convexly curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown.

[0102] Fig.6D An annular linear contact between the convexly curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the conically curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown.

[0103] Fig. 6E An annular linear contact between the outer edge 29 on the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the convexly curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown.

[0104] exist Fig. 6F In the embodiment, the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 are both conical. The annular linear contact between the inner surface 9 and the outer surface 12 occurs between the outer edge 29 of the conical inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8, and the slope of the conical inner surface 9 is greater than the slope of the outer surface 12.

[0105] Likewise, the contact between the tapered inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the similarly tapered outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 also has different slopes, which is due to the different Figure 6G In this case, an annular linear contact occurs between the outer edge 29 on the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the conical inner surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 .

[0106] Figure 6H The contact between the tapered inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the double-stepped outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown. In this case, an annular linear contact occurs between the tapered inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the outer edge 29 on the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0107] Fig.6I It is shown that the concave inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 contacts the double-stepped outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8. In this case, an annular linear contact occurs between the concave curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the outer edge 29 on the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0108] Figure 6J The contact between the double-stepped inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the convexly curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown. In this case, an annular linear contact is formed between the outer edge 29 on the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the convexly curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0109] from Figure 6K It can be seen that the stepped concave inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 contacts the convex outer surface 9 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8. An annular contact is formed between the outer edge 29 on the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the convex curved outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0110] Figure 6L The contact between the convexly curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the double-stepped outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is shown. In this case, an annular contact is formed between the convexly curved inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the outer edge 29 on the outer surface 12 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8.

[0111] Finally, from Figure 6MIt can be clearly seen in the figure that the contact between the stepped concave inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the tapered outer surface 9 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 is formed. The outer edge 29 on the inner surface 9 of the outer conductor contact element 5 and the tapered outer surface 9 of the mating outer conductor contact element 8 form an annular contact.

[0112] Although the present invention has been fully described above on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not restricted thereto but can be modified in many different ways.

Claims

1. An electrical plug-in connection device (1), comprising an electrical plug-in connector (2) and a corresponding electrical mating plug-in connector (3), the plug-in connector (2) having an external conductor contact element (5), the mating plug-in connector (3) having a mating external conductor contact element (8), characterized in that: An inner surface (9) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the external conductor contact element (5), the inner surface (9) is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug-in connector (2) and has an inner diameter that gradually decreases in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction S1 of the plug-in connector (2), and an outer surface (12) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the mating external conductor contact element (8), the outer surface (12) is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector (3) and has an outer diameter that gradually decreases in the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector (3), and the inner surface (9) and the outer surface (12) are in contact only on a circular line (15).

2. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the inner surface (9) and the outer diameter of the outer surface (12) gradually decrease in a straight line, a single step, multiple steps or a curved manner.

3. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A longitudinal axis of the contact surface (30) passing through the center point of the annular line (15) on the outer surface (12) and being perpendicular to the annular line (15) on the outer surface (12) is inclined at an angle α relative to the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector (3). K Tilt, the tilt angle α K The angle L1 is the angle between the longitudinal axis L1 of the plug-in connector (2) and the longitudinal axis L2 of the mating plug-in connector (3), and the outer diameter of the outer surface (12) tapers in a linear or curved manner.

4. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The slope of the inner surface (9) and / or the outer surface (12), in the case of a linear or curved taper of the inner and outer diameters respectively, is in each case between 35° and 75°.

5. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The annular line (15) is located on the peripheral outer edge (29) of the outer surface (12) or the inner surface (9), or on the convex curvature of the outer surface (12) or the inner surface (9).

6. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: in, The inner surface (9) is configured to be spaced axially from a plug-side end (10) of an outer conductor contact element (5), or the outer surface (12) is configured to be spaced axially from a plug-side end (13) of a mating outer conductor contact element (8).

7. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The plug-in connector (2) and / or the mating plug-in connector (3) in each case has an axially acting clamping device for contacting an inner surface (9) of an outer conductor contact element (5) and an outer surface (12) of a mating outer conductor contact element (8).

8. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The plug-in connector (2) also has an inner conductor contact element (4), which is at least partially arranged inside the outer conductor contact element (5), and the mating plug-in connector (3) also has a mating inner conductor contact element (7), which is at least partially arranged inside the mating outer conductor contact element (8), the inner conductor contact element (4) being in contact with the mating inner conductor contact element (7) in an axial portion of the mating outer conductor contact element (8).

9. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner conductor contact element (4) is in contact with a mating inner conductor contact element (7) within an axial portion of the outer surface (12).

10. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inner sheath surface (17) whose inner diameter gradually decreases in a direction opposite to the plug-in direction S1 of the plug-in connector (2) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the internal conductor contact element (4), and an outer sheath surface (19) whose outer diameter gradually decreases along the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector (3) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the mating internal conductor contact element (7), and the inner sheath surface (7) and the outer sheath surface (19) are in contact only on a circular line.

11. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: An outer sheath surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases along the plug-in direction S1 of the plug-in connector (2) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the internal conductor contact element (7), and an inner sheath surface whose inner diameter gradually decreases along the direction opposite to the plug-in direction S2 of the mating plug-in connector (3) is arranged at the end region of the plug-in side of the mating internal conductor contact element (7), and the inner sheath surface and the outer sheath surface are in contact with each other only on a circular line.

12. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: In order to bring the inner conductor contact element (4) into contact with the mating inner conductor contact element (7), the inner conductor contact element (4) and / or the mating inner conductor contact element (7) are in each case mounted in a spring-supported manner, in each case with a compression spring (22) which is arranged between two axially spaced component bodies (211, 212) of the inner conductor contact element (4) and the mating inner conductor contact element (7).

13. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: In each case, an axial through-hole having a circular cross-sectional profile is provided in the plug-in connector (2) and the mating plug-in connector (3) for receiving an inner conductor contact element (4) and a mating inner conductor contact element (7), respectively.

14. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the inner surface (9) and the outer diameter of the outer surface (12) gradually decrease with different slopes or different curvature radii.

15. The electrical plug-in connection device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In every possible plugged-in state of the plug-in connection (1), the inner surface (9) and the outer surface (12) can be in contact at the annular line (15).

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