Synchronization method and device, and computer readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a synchronization method and device and a computer readable storage medium. In some embodiments, user equipment determines an offset variation between the user equipment and network equipment based on a received first reference signal, the offset variation comprising a time offset variation and / or a frequency offset variation; determining a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, the time domain delay amount being lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; and updating the offset variation based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position. In this way, the user equipment can determine the offset variation based on both the first reference signal and the second reference signal within the range of the transmission period based on the time domain delay, so that the opportunity of determining the offset variation within the transmission period is increased, the offset variation can be updated more quickly, and the communication efficiency is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method, an apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium for synchronization. Background Art

[0002] In the communication system, information interaction between network equipment and user equipment is involved. In order to ensure the quality of communication, generally, alignment is required between the sending device and the receiving device, such as time alignment and frequency alignment. However, due to various reasons, there is an offset between the network equipment and the user equipment, such as time domain offset and / or frequency domain offset, and the offset is not fixed but will change over time. Therefore, how to accurately and timely determine the offset change is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solution for determining an offset change amount between a user equipment and a network equipment.

[0004] In a first aspect, a method for synchronization is provided. The method can be used for a user device or a chip set in the user device. The method comprises: determining an offset change between the user device and the network device based on a received first reference signal, the offset change comprising a time offset change and / or a frequency offset change; determining a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, the time domain delay being lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; and updating the offset change based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

[0005] In this way, the user equipment can determine the offset change based on the time domain delay, based on both the first reference signal and the second reference signal within the transmission period. This increases the chances of determining the offset change within the transmission period, allowing the offset change to be updated faster, thereby ensuring communication efficiency.

[0006] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving configuration information from a network device, the configuration information indicating a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal. In this way, the network device can indicate the time domain delay through the configuration information, which can reduce signaling overhead.

[0007] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the method further includes: receiving update configuration information from the network device, the update configuration information indicating an updated time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal. In this way, the network device can adaptively update the time domain delay by updating the configuration information, thereby increasing or decreasing the opportunity for the user equipment to determine the offset change.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the method includes: receiving configuration information from a network device, the configuration information indicating a time domain delay of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group having the same beam coverage, the first signal group including a first reference signal, and the second signal group including a second reference signal. In this way, the network device can notify the user equipment of the time domain delay between the first signal group and the second signal group having the same coverage, thereby achieving pairing between the signal groups, without indicating the time domain delay according to the granularity of the reference signal, which can reduce signaling overhead.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the configuration information further indicates a signal measurement window, and determining the time domain position of the second reference signal includes: determining the time domain position with a time domain delay amount after the received time domain position of the first reference signal as a starting point, and with the signal measurement window as a time length. In this way, the network device can configure the signal measurement window, so that the user equipment can receive the second reference signal with a better signal, thereby ensuring that the offset change determined based on the second reference signal is more accurate.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the method further includes: detecting at least one signal during the time domain location; and determining a second reference signal from the at least one signal based on a signal parameter of each signal in the at least one signal.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect, determining the second reference signal from at least one signal includes: determining a signal parameter of each signal in the at least one signal; and determining a signal whose signal parameter exceeds a preset threshold as the second reference signal. Optionally, the signal parameter includes at least one of the following: signal strength, signal quality, or signal-to-noise ratio. In this way, the user equipment can determine the offset change based on the signal whose signal parameter exceeds the preset threshold, so that the result obtained is more accurate.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the method further comprises: determining a first part of an offset change between the user equipment and the network device based on location information of the network device and location information of the user equipment, and wherein the offset change is a second part of the offset change. Optionally, the network device is a satellite base station in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). Optionally, the location information of the network device is included in the ephemeris information of the network device.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first reference signal belongs to a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the second reference signal belongs to a tracking reference signal (TRS). In this way, the SSB and the TRS can be sent alternately at a certain time interval to increase the opportunity for the user equipment to determine the offset change.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the configuration information may include a time domain position of a TRS associated with the user equipment, for example, the TRS associated with the user equipment is a user-level TRS. In some embodiments of the first aspect, the configuration information may also include one or more SSBs having a pairing relationship with the user-level TRS, wherein the one or more SSBs are one or more potential SSBs to be measured of the user equipment determined by the network device.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first reference signal and the second reference signal both belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverages.

[0016] Exemplarily, in response to a signal-to-noise ratio of the first reference signal exceeding a predetermined signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold, the user equipment determines the offset change based on the first reference signal. Exemplarily, in response to a signal-to-noise ratio of the second reference signal exceeding a predetermined SNR threshold, the user equipment updates the offset change based on the second reference signal. Exemplarily, the user equipment also receives a third reference signal, and in response to a signal-to-noise ratio of the third reference signal being lower than a predetermined SNR threshold, the user equipment stops or abandons updating the offset change based on the third reference signal. For example, the third reference signal is a TRS.

[0017] In a second aspect, a method for synchronization is provided. The method can be used in a network device or a chip arranged in the network device. The method comprises: sending a first reference signal to a user device; determining a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, the time domain delay being lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; and sending the second reference signal to the user device at the time domain position.

[0018] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending configuration information to a user equipment, where the configuration information indicates a time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0019] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending update configuration information to the user equipment, the update configuration information indicating an updated time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0020] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the method also includes: sending configuration information to a user equipment, the configuration information indicating a time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group having the same beam coverage, the first signal group including a first reference signal, and the second signal group including a second reference signal.

[0021] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the configuration information further indicates a signal measurement window, where the signal measurement window is used to represent a time length of a time domain position.

[0022] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the first reference signal belongs to SSB and the second reference signal belongs to TRS.

[0023] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the first reference signal and the second reference signal both belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverages.

[0024] It should be noted that some embodiments and beneficial effects of the aforementioned first aspect are also applicable to the second aspect, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0025] In a third aspect, a method for synchronization is provided, which can be used for a user device or a chip set in the user device. The method includes: determining the offset change between the user device and the network device based on the received first reference signal, the offset change including the time offset change and / or the frequency offset change; determining the time domain position of the second reference signal paired with the first reference signal based on the pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal, wherein the time domain delay between the first reference signal in the first type of signal with the pairing relationship and the second reference signal in the second type of signal is a fixed value, which is lower than the transmission period of the first reference signal; and updating the offset change based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

[0026] In this way, the network device can configure the first reference signal and the second reference signal to have a fixed interval value through a pairing relationship, and the fixed value is lower than the transmission period. Thus, the user equipment can determine the offset change based on both the first reference signal and the second reference signal within the transmission period, thereby increasing the opportunity to determine the offset change within the transmission period, so that the offset change can be updated faster, thereby ensuring communication efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the method further includes: receiving configuration information from a network device, the configuration information indicating a pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal.

[0028] In some embodiments of the third aspect, determining the time domain position of the second reference signal includes: determining the time domain position of the second reference signal paired with the first reference signal based on the configuration information and the received first reference signal. Exemplarily, the configuration information may indicate the time domain position of the second reference signal. The user equipment may determine that the second reference signal is paired with the first reference signal based on the pairing information, and then obtain the time domain position of the second reference signal from the configuration information. In this way, the network device can configure the time domain position, thereby simplifying the operation at the user equipment.

[0029] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage.

[0030] In some embodiments of the third aspect, the first type of signal belongs to SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to TRS.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, a method for synchronization is provided, which can be used in a network device or a chip arranged in the network device. The method includes: sending configuration information to a user device, the configuration information indicating a pairing relationship between a first type of signal and a second type of signal, and a time domain delay amount between a first reference signal in the first type of signal having a pairing relationship and a second reference signal in the second type of signal being a fixed value, and the fixed value is lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; sending the first reference signal to the user device; and sending the second reference signal to the user device.

[0032] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the time domain delay between the third reference signal in the first type of signal and the fourth reference signal in the second type of signal having a pairing relationship is also a fixed value. Exemplarily, the pairing relationship can be indicated by the QCL in the TCI state.

[0033] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage.

[0034] In some embodiments of the fourth aspect, the first type of signal belongs to SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to TRS.

[0035] It should be noted that some embodiments and beneficial effects of the aforementioned third aspect are also applicable to the fourth aspect, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, a communication device for synchronization (e.g., a user equipment or a chip provided in the user equipment) is provided, comprising a component for performing the operation according to the method in the first aspect or any of its embodiments, or comprising a component for performing the operation according to the third aspect or any of its embodiments. Optionally, the component may be implemented as a unit, a module, etc.

[0037] In a sixth aspect, a communication device for synchronization (e.g., a network device or a chip provided in the network device) is provided, comprising a component for performing the operation according to the method in the aforementioned second aspect or any of its embodiments, or comprising a component for performing the operation according to the method in the aforementioned fourth aspect or any of its embodiments. Optionally, the component can be implemented as a unit, a module, etc.

[0038] In a seventh aspect, a network device is provided, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executed by the processor, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the network device executes the operations of the method in the aforementioned second aspect, fourth aspect, or any embodiment thereof via the transceiver.

[0039] In an eighth aspect, a network device is provided, comprising a transceiver, a processor, and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executed by the processor, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the network device executes the operations of the method in the aforementioned second aspect, fourth aspect, or any embodiment thereof via the transceiver.

[0040] In a ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the operation of the method according to the first to fourth aspects or any embodiment thereof is implemented.

[0041] In a tenth aspect, a chip or a chip system is provided, which includes a processing circuit configured to perform the operations of the method according to the first to fourth aspects or any of the embodiments thereof.

[0042] In an eleventh aspect, a computer program or a computer program product is provided. The computer program or computer program product is tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, enable a device to implement the operation of the method according to the first to fourth aspects or any of their embodiments.

[0043] It should be noted that some embodiments and beneficial effects of the aforementioned method aspects are also applicable to device aspects, user equipment aspects, network equipment aspects, computer-readable storage media aspects, chips or chip systems aspects, computer programs or computer program products aspects, and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a transparent forwarding scenario based on satellite communication is shown;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a transparent forwarding scenario based on satellite communication is shown;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a satellite communication based regeneration mode scenario is shown;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a system in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic interactive flow chart showing a communication process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing a transmission pattern of SSB to which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing a second transmission period of 640ms and a time domain delay of 325ms is shown;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing a second transmission period of 320 ms and a time domain delay of 165 ms is shown;

[0053] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing a second transmission period of 1280 ms and a time domain delay of 325 ms is shown;

[0054] Fig.10 An example of a change in SSB measured by a user device due to movement of a network device is shown;

[0055] Fig.11 A schematic diagram showing a first part of determining a time-frequency offset variation based on position information;

[0056] Fig.12 A schematic diagram showing determination of an offset variation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0057] Fig.13 An example of a change in SSB measured by a user device due to movement of a network device is shown;

[0058] Fig.14 A schematic diagram showing determination of an offset variation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0059] Fig.15 A schematic diagram taking 16 TRSs as an example is shown;

[0060] Fig.16 A schematic diagram showing a transmission order of a TRS according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0061] Fig.17 A schematic diagram showing determination of an offset variation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0062] Fig.18 A schematic interactive flow chart showing a communication process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0063] Fig.19 A schematic diagram showing determination of an offset variation according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0064] Fig. 20 A schematic block diagram of a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0065] Fig.21 A schematic block diagram showing a communication device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0066] Fig. 22 A schematic block diagram of an example device that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "including" and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0069] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented according to any appropriate communication protocol, including but not limited to third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G), sixth generation (6G) and other cellular communication protocols, wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, and / or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future.

[0070] Figures 1 to 3 The following is a schematic diagram showing a scenario in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied. Specifically, Figure 1 A transparent forwarding scenario 100 based on satellite communication accessed via a non-Third Generation Partnership Project (N3GPP) radio protocol is shown. Figure 2 A transparent forwarding scenario 200 based on satellite communication accessed through the New Radio (NR) protocol is shown. Figure 3 A regeneration mode scenario 300 based on satellite communication accessed via the NR protocol is shown.

[0071] In transparent forwarding scenarios 100 and 200, satellite 110 and satellite 210 play a role of frequency conversion forwarding. In regeneration mode scenario 300, satellite 310 includes a gNode B (gNB) or a distributed unit (DU).

[0072] The core network is designed to complete the three major functions of registration, connection, and session management. For example, the core network may include: Figure 1 Core network 102, Figure 2 The core network 202, and Figure 3The core network 302 in the figure can communicate with the data networks 103, 203 and 303 via the N6 interface. The core network can include a network exposure function (NEF), which exposes the services and capabilities of the 3GPP network functions to the application function (AF), and also allows the AF to provide information to the 3GPP network functions. The core network can include a policy charging function (PCF), which performs policy management of charging policies and quality of service (QoS) policies. The core network can include a session management function (SMF), which completes the Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation of the UE, the user plane function (UPF) selection, and the charging and QoS policy control and other session management functions. The core network can include a UPF, which performs specific data forwarding on the user plane, generates call records based on traffic conditions, and acts as a data plane anchor.

[0073] The term "user equipment (UE)" in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to any terminal device capable of performing wired or wireless communication with a network or between user equipments. For example, Figure 1 Device 101, Figure 2 Device 201 in, and Figure 3The devices 301 in the figure can all be user devices. User devices are devices with wireless transceiver functions, which can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); they can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, etc.). User devices can be mobile phones, tablet computers (Pad), computers with wireless transceiver functions, virtual reality (VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (AR) terminal devices, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), vehicle-mounted terminal devices, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grids (smart grid), wireless terminals in transportation safety (transportation safety), wireless terminals in smart cities (smart cities), wireless terminals in smart homes (smart homes), wearable terminal devices, etc. User equipment may also sometimes be referred to as terminal equipment, user unit, access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile device, UE terminal equipment, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agent, UE device, or terminal, etc. User equipment may be fixed or mobile.

[0074] The term "network device" in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to an entity or node that communicates with a user device and provides services to the user device. For example, Figure 1 The satellite 110 and the base station 120 in Figure 2 The satellite 210 and the base station 220 in Figure 3The satellite 310 and the base station 320 in the figure can both be network devices. The network device can be any satellite base station with wireless transceiver function in the satellite network, including but not limited to: evolutionary Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in the long-term evolution (LTE) carried by the satellite, base station (gNodeB or gNB) or transceiver point (Transmission Receiving Point / Transmission Reception Point, TRP) in NR, base station of subsequent evolution of 3GPP, access node in WiFi system, wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, etc. Satellite base station can be: macro base station, micro base station, micro-micro base station, small station, or relay station, etc. The network device can also be a balloon station, a drone station, etc. Multiple network devices can support the network of the same technology mentioned above, or can support the network of different technologies mentioned above. Multiple network devices can be the same type of network devices, or can be different types of network devices. The network device can include one or more co-site or non-co-site TRPs. The network device can communicate with the user equipment, or can communicate with the user equipment through a relay station. The user equipment can communicate with multiple network devices with different technologies. For example, the user equipment can communicate with a network device that supports an LTE network, and can also communicate with a network device that supports a 5G network. The user equipment can also support dual connections with a network device that supports an LTE network and a network device that supports a 5G network.

[0075] Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) refers to a network that uses radio frequency resources on satellite platforms, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) platforms, or high altitude platforms (HAPS) for communication services, where satellite platforms can include low earth orbit (LEO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and geosynchronous orbit (GEO). Compared with terrestrial cellular networks (such as 5G NR), NTN has the characteristics of wider coverage, higher path loss, greater latency, faster speed, and lower cost. As a supplement and extension of the terrestrial network, NTN can achieve the purpose of wide-area seamless coverage that neither wired telephone networks nor terrestrial mobile communication networks can achieve, and effectively solve the problem of Internet access in areas with scarce communication infrastructure. For example, when a large number of satellites are deployed in low earth orbit (LEO), through reasonable constellation construction, seamless coverage of the ground range can be achieved, and the round-trip transmission delay of data between satellites and ground terminals can also be greatly reduced compared to geosynchronous orbit (GEO) satellites, reaching the level of tens of milliseconds. With the use of technologies such as high-frequency bands, multi-spot beams, and frequency reuse, the communication capabilities of satellites have been significantly improved, while reducing the unit bandwidth cost, so it can meet the needs of high-information rate services. Compared with communication infrastructure such as ground-based 5G networks and submarine optical fiber cables, NTN also has significant cost advantages. Modern small satellites have low R&D and manufacturing costs, and software-defined technology can further extend the service life of in-orbit satellites. In addition to global coverage (such as remote areas, ocean-going ships, etc.), NTN can also be used for emergency rescue (such as disaster monitoring, emergency communications), the Internet of Everything, high-speed mobility (such as high-speed rail, airplanes), and other scenarios, and therefore has attracted widespread attention from industry and academia.

[0076] As the research on NTN becomes more popular, the 3GPP standards organization has also conducted standardization research on NTN, and is committed to using the NR system to realize the construction of NTN. 3GPP began to carry out satellite-ground integration research from Release 14 (R14), discussed the role and advantages of satellites in 5G systems, and stipulated that 5G supports satellite access. In R15, a technical report on the integration of 5G and satellite was formed, which defined 8 enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) scenarios and 2 massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) scenarios, and defined the channel model of NTN. R16 further studied the architecture and solutions of NR supporting NTN. Based on the research results of R16, the standardization work of 5G NR supporting NTN was launched in R17, and the first version of the integration technical specification was formed. R18 will continue the corresponding NTN enhancement research.

[0077] Compared with the terrestrial network (TN) communication system, high time-frequency deviation and rapid time-frequency deviation change are the main characteristics of the NTN system. Time deviation refers to the time deviation of the same signal between the sending side and the receiving side, mainly including propagation delay, that is, the time delay of signal arrival caused by the long propagation distance. Frequency deviation refers to the frequency deviation of the same signal between the sending side and the receiving side, mainly including Doppler shift, that is, when the mobile station moves in a certain direction at a constant speed, the phase and frequency changes caused by the propagation distance difference. Time deviation and frequency deviation are collectively referred to as time-frequency deviation. Taking the 3.6GHz frequency point as an example, the fastest moving speed of the ground NR system is about 500km / h, the maximum transmission distance is about 3km, the maximum Doppler shift is about 1.6kHz, and the maximum transmission delay is about 10us. For the NTN system with an orbit height of 600km, the satellite moves at a speed of 7.6km / s, the farthest transmission distance is about 900km, the maximum Doppler shift is about 70kHz, and the maximum transmission delay is about 3ms. By comparing the two, it can be seen that the Doppler frequency deviation and propagation delay of the satellite are much greater than those of the ground system. In addition, due to the fast movement speed of the satellite, the Doppler frequency deviation changes by 100Hz and the time deviation changes by 1.6us within 80ms. In addition to the Doppler frequency shift and transmission delay caused by the satellite, non-ideal factors such as terminal movement and crystal oscillator errors on the sending and receiving sides are also important causes of frequency deviation and time deviation.

[0078] In communication systems, the misalignment of the frequency and time of the signals on the sending and receiving sides caused by frequency deviation and time deviation will seriously affect the communication performance. For example, the waveform and modulation related to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) are used in the NR network. The deviation in frequency and time will destroy the orthogonality between the subcarriers of the OFDM signal, causing interference between carriers and symbols, thereby significantly reducing the demodulation performance of the OFDM signal data. Therefore, the NR system needs to accurately estimate, track and compensate for the time-frequency deviation, minimize the difference in time and frequency between the sending and receiving side signals, and ensure system performance. For the NTN system, the absolute value and change value of the time-frequency deviation are hundreds or even thousands of times that of the terrestrial network, which puts higher requirements on accurate estimation and tracking methods.

[0079] On the other hand, compared with the ground communication system, the NTN system has the remarkable characteristics of a wider coverage area of ​​a single satellite and greater transmission loss. In the ground system, a single base station service range can be covered by a maximum of 8 synchronization signal blocks (SSB) in frequency range 1 (FR1) and a maximum of 64 SSBs in frequency range 2 (FR2), while the number of SSB beams required in the NTN system may reach hundreds or even thousands. Taking the NTN system with an orbit height of 600km as an example, the service range of a single satellite can reach hundreds of thousands of square kilometers. In order to overcome the impact of path loss caused by the transmission distance and ensure the quality of communication services, satellites generally use large-scale antenna arrays to provide higher array gain, but at the same time make the main lobe of the beam narrower. For example, the coverage radius of a 3dB beam width is only a dozen kilometers, and the coverage area is about hundreds of square kilometers. It takes thousands of beams to complete seamless coverage of the service range of a single satellite using narrow beams. Furthermore, even if the beam is widened to a certain extent, hundreds of beams are required to achieve coverage in order to ensure the gain level.

[0080] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solution for synchronization. In this solution, the user equipment can determine the offset change between the user equipment and the network equipment based on the time domain delay between two reference signals. In this way, the solution can be used to estimate the time offset change and / or frequency offset change, thereby ensuring system performance.

[0081] Figure 4A schematic diagram of a system 400 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. In the system 400, a network device 410 and a user device 420 are included. The network device 410 and the user device 420 can communicate with each other, for example, the network device 410 can provide a network access service for the user device 420.

[0082] Exemplarily, the network device 410 and the user device 420 may communicate directly, or may communicate indirectly via other devices. For example, multi-hop communication may be performed via one or more other relay devices. Exemplarily, the user device 420 may be in a dual connection or multi-connection scenario, etc.

[0083] It should be understood that Figure 4 The system 400 shown is for illustration only, although Figure 4 The illustrated scenario shows a network device 410 and a user device 420 , but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this. For example, the system 400 may include a greater number of devices.

[0084] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to an NTN system or a TN system. For example, network devices such as satellite base stations in an NTN system or network devices such as television signal towers in a TN system have a larger coverage range, for example, the coverage can reach hundreds of kilometers, thousands of kilometers, or even larger, and the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0085] The various embodiments of the present disclosure are described with network devices and user equipment, wherein the functions performed by the network devices and user equipment may also be applicable to the chips of the network devices and the chips of the user equipment, respectively. Optionally, under the open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture, the functions of the physical layer and the media layer of the network device may be implemented by the distributed unit (DU) of the network device, and the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, the packet data convergence (PDCP) layer and the radio resource control (RRC) layer may be implemented by the centralized unit (CU) of the network device.

[0086] Figure 5 A schematic interaction flow chart of a communication process 500 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 Involving such as Figure 4 The network device 410 and user device 420 shown are provided as examples for illustration.

[0087] At 510, the network device 410 sends a first reference signal to the user equipment 420. At 520, the user equipment 420 determines an offset change amount between itself and the network device 410 based on the first reference signal. At 530, the user equipment 420 determines a time domain position of a second reference signal based on the time domain delay amount. At 540, the network device 410 sends a second reference signal to the user equipment 420; and at 550, the user equipment 420 receives the second reference signal based on the time domain position. At 560, the user equipment 420 updates an offset change amount between itself and the network device 410 based on the second reference signal. Optionally, the function of sending the first reference signal may be performed by a DU of the network device.

[0088] Exemplarily, the offset change between the user equipment 420 and the network equipment 410 may include a time offset change and / or a frequency offset change. For example, the offset change may be referred to as a time-frequency offset change or simply a time-frequency offset change.

[0089] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "determining the offset change" can be used interchangeably with any of the following: determining the time-frequency offset change, estimating the time-frequency offset change, tracking the time-frequency offset change, updating the time-frequency offset change, determining the time-frequency offset, measuring the time-frequency offset, tracking the time-frequency offset, estimating the time-frequency offset, compensating for the time-frequency offset, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0090] Exemplarily, the time domain delay amount represents the time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal. Optionally, at 501, the network device 410 may send configuration information to the user equipment 420. For example, the configuration information may indicate the time domain delay amount. In some examples, the network device 410 may send a radio resource control (RRC) message or signaling to the user equipment 420, and the RRC message or signaling includes the configuration information. Optionally, the sending of the configuration information may be performed by a CU of the network device.

[0091] In some implementations of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are of different types and can be configured at the cell level. For ease of description, the following embodiments assume that the type of the first reference signal is SSB and the type of the second reference signal is Tracking Reference Signal (TRS). However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be of other types.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate the time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, wherein the first signal group and the second signal group have the same coverage. Exemplarily, the first signal group may include one or more SSBs, which include the aforementioned first reference signal. Exemplarily, the second signal group may include one or more TRSs, which include the aforementioned second reference signal. For example, the time domain delay amount may be expressed as OffsetFromSSBtoTRS. Optionally, since the first signal group and the second signal group have the same beam coverage, the first signal group and the second signal group may also be referred to as the first beam group and the second beam group, respectively, which is not limited in the present disclosure. As an example, the first signal group may be referred to as the SSB beam group, and the second signal group may be referred to as the TRS beam group.

[0093] The network device 410 may send an SSB beam group according to a first transmission period, each SSB covering a specific ground range. The network device 410 may configure a cell-level TRS and send a TRS beam group according to a second transmission period. Optionally, the first transmission period and the second transmission period may be equal. Alternatively, the first transmission period and the second transmission period may not be equal.

[0094] For example, the number of TRS beams may be the same as the number of SSB beams, and each TRS beam corresponds to an SSB beam with the same coverage. For example, the number of SSBs in the first signal group is equal to the number of TRSs in the second signal group.

[0095] For example, the number of TRS beams may not be equal to the number of SSB beams, so multiple TRSs may be grouped together to form an SSB beam group consisting of one or more SSBs with the same coverage. For example, the number of SSBs in the first signal group is not equal to (greater than or less than) the number of TRSs in the second signal group.

[0096] Figure 6 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a transmission pattern 600 of an SSB to which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied. Figure 6 As shown, a maximum of 8 SSBs can be sent within the first 2ms of every 20ms. Then the time required for the network device to send 256 SSBs is 640ms. In other words, the first transmission period of SSB can be 640ms. It should be noted that for the convenience of description, in various examples of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the first transmission period of SSB is 640ms, but it should be noted that the first transmission period in other scenarios can be other values, such as 320ms, 1280ms, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0097] As described above, the second transmission period may be equal to the first transmission period, for example, 640 ms. The second transmission period may not be equal to the first transmission period, for example, the second transmission period may be equal to 320 ms or 1280 ms.

[0098] The network device 410 may pair an SSB beam group and a TRS beam group with the same coverage. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may configure the time domain location of each TRS through, for example, an RRC message or signaling. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may define the pairing relationship between the SSB beam group and the TRS beam group through a Quasi Co-Located (QCL) relationship.

[0099] The network device 410 may stagger the transmission of the paired TRS beam group and the SSB beam group in time, for example, so that the transmission time interval between the paired TRS beam group and the SSB beam group is the aforementioned time domain delay amount. For example, the time domain delay amount may be determined based on half of the second transmission period (1 / 2TRS period), 1 / 4 (1 / 4TRS period), or other values. Optionally, the time domain delay amount is also determined based on the transmission duration of the first signal group. Exemplarily, the transmission duration of the first signal group may represent the total duration required for transmitting each signal in the first signal group, for example, in Figures 7 to 9 In the example shown, the first signal group includes 8 SSBs, and the transmission duration of the first signal group (ie, an SSB beam group, such as SSB#0-7) is 5 ms.

[0100] As an example, assume that the first signal group includes 8 SSBs, the second signal group includes 8 TRSs, and the first transmission period is 640ms. Figure 7 A schematic diagram 700 is shown in which the second transmission period is 640 ms and the time domain delay is 325 ms. Figure 8 A schematic diagram 800 is shown in which the second transmission period is 320 ms and the time domain delay is 165 ms. Fig. 9 The schematic diagram shows that the second transmission period is 1280ms and the time domain delay is 325ms. Figures 7 to 9 In the example, the transmission duration of an SSB beam group is 5 ms, so the time domain delay is equal to 1 / 2 or 1 / 4 of the second transmission period (e.g. Figure 7 and Fig. 9 320ms or Figure 8 160ms in) + the transmission duration of one SSB beam group.

[0101] by Figure 7For example, the TRS beam group (TRS#0~7) paired with the SSB beam group (SSB#0~7) is configured after SSB#128~135, which makes the time interval (that is, the time domain delay) between the TRS beam group and the SSB beam group be 325ms. In this way, the user equipment 420 can determine the change of time-frequency offset at the update timing 710 based on the received SSB, and determine the change of time-frequency offset at the update timing 720 based on the received TRS. For example, the user equipment 420 may receive SSB#1 at the update timing 710, then it can receive TRS#1 at the update timing 720 based on the time domain delay (325ms). In this way, it can ensure that within the first transmission period (640ms), the user equipment 420 has two opportunities to determine the change of time-frequency offset based on SSB and TRS respectively, and perform time-frequency offset estimation and tracking at the two timings. It can be understood that at Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The situation in is similar, and to avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0102] In some examples, assuming that the network device 410 is moving, for example, the network device 410 is a satellite base station, then considering the satellite movement, for the user device 420, the SSB to be measured may change over time, and accordingly the TRS to be measured will also change accordingly.

[0103] Fig.10 An example 1000 of SSB changes measured by user equipment 420 due to movement of network equipment 410 is shown. Fig.10 , assuming that the user equipment 420 is initially at the position of SSB#14, as the network device 410 (such as a satellite) moves upward quickly, the SSB to be measured of the user equipment 420 will change from SSB#14 to SSB#13, SSB#12, etc. Due to the pairing relationship between the TRS beam group and the SSB beam group, the TRS to be measured of the user equipment will also be sent and changed accordingly. In some examples, the network device 410 can indicate the change of the SSB / TRS to be measured of the user equipment 420 through another RRC message or signaling.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the configuration information may indicate the time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group and the signal measurement window, wherein the first signal group and the second signal group have the same coverage, wherein the signal measurement window may indicate the time domain range (or duration) in which the second signal group is located. Exemplarily, the time domain delay amount may be represented as OffsetFromSSBtoTRS, and the signal measurement window may be represented as TRSwindow. As an example, the first signal group may be referred to as an SSB beam group, and the second signal group may be referred to as a TRS signal group. In this way, the signal measurement window may be used to indicate the duration of the user equipment 420 to continuously measure the TRS, so that the network device 410 does not need to frequently indicate changes in the TRS to be measured by the user equipment 420, thereby reducing the indication overhead and the reconfiguration overhead.

[0105] Optionally, the network device 410 may determine the duration of the signal measurement window based on its moving speed and / or other factors. For example, the signal measurement window is 3 ms, 6 ms, or other values, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0106] Exemplarily, the user equipment 420 may detect the TRS during the duration indicated by the signal measurement window, wherein the starting point of the signal measurement window is determined based on the reception time and the time domain delay amount of the SSB. For example, the user equipment 420 may determine a time range for detecting the TRS, the time range starting from the time domain delay amount after the reception time domain position of the SSB and the time length of the signal measurement window.

[0107] The user equipment 420 may detect one or more TRSs within the time range, and may determine the time-frequency offset variation based on at least one of the one or more TRSs. Alternatively, if only one TRS is detected within the time range, the time-frequency offset variation may be determined based on the detected TRS.

[0108] Optionally, if multiple TRSs are detected within the time range, then one TRS may be selected from the multiple TRSs, and the time-frequency offset variation may be determined based on the selected TRS. Exemplarily, for the multiple TRSs detected, the selected TRS may be determined based on signal parameters of the multiple TRSs. For example, the TRS with the strongest signal parameter may be selected, where the signal parameter may be signal strength, signal quality, or signal-to-noise ratio, etc.

[0109] Optionally, if multiple TRSs are detected within the time range, at least one TRS can be selected from the multiple TRSs, and the time-frequency offset change amount is determined based on the selected at least one TRS. Exemplarily, for the multiple TRSs detected, the selected TRS can be determined based on the signal parameters of the multiple TRSs. For example, at least one TRS whose signal parameter exceeds a threshold value can be selected, where the signal parameter can be signal strength, signal quality, or signal-to-noise ratio, etc.

[0110] For example, refer to Figure 7 , assuming that the signal measurement window is 3ms. The user equipment 420 may receive SSB#1 at the update timing 710, then it can perform detection within the transmission time range of TRS#0 to 7 based on the time domain delay (325ms) and the signal measurement window (3ms). For example, if the user equipment 420 detects TRS#0 at the update timing 720, then the user equipment 420 can determine the updated time-frequency offset change based on TRS#0.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the user equipment 420 may also determine the time-frequency offset based on the location information of the network device 410 and the location information of the user equipment 420. For example, the first part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the location information, and the second part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the first reference signal or the second reference signal.

[0112] Exemplarily, assuming that the network device 410 is an ephemeris base station, the location information of the network device 410 may be included in the ephemeris information. Fig.11 A schematic diagram 1100 is shown of the first part of determining the time-frequency offset variation based on the position information. For example, the time offset and the frequency offset may be determined by the following equations (1)-(2):

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] In formulas (1)-(2), f 0 is the carrier frequency, ΔV is the relative speed between the satellite and the user equipment, α is the angle between the satellite and the user equipment, c is the speed of light, and Δd is the relative distance between the satellite and the user equipment.

[0116] Optionally, the second part of the time-frequency offset variation can be understood as the residual time-frequency offset variation caused by calculation errors, user equipment movement, irrational factors, etc. Based on the above records, the residual time-frequency offset variation can be estimated and updated based on SSB or TRS. Optionally, the second part of the time-frequency offset variation can be smaller than the first part of the time-frequency offset variation, for example, the magnitude of the second part can be smaller than the magnitude of the first part, or the granularity of the second part is finer than that of the first part.

[0117] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of determining an offset change 1200 according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Optionally, the configuration information may include location information, a time domain delay, and a signal measurement window of the network device 410. Accordingly, the user equipment 420 may determine a first portion of the offset change based on the location information at 1210. The user equipment 420 may determine a second portion of the offset change based on the received SSB at 1220. The user equipment 420 may detect and receive the TRS based on the time domain delay and the signal measurement window. Furthermore, the second portion of the offset change may be updated at 1230.

[0118] Reference Fig.12 , within the second transmission period, the user equipment 420 has at least two opportunities to determine the second part of the offset change.

[0119] Additionally or optionally, the user equipment 420 may further: for the remaining reference signals and / or data, perform time and frequency offset compensation for the remaining reference signals and / or data based on the determined offset change, wherein the remaining reference signals and / or data may include but are not limited to: a demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS), a signal or data received via a physical downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH) or a physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH), etc.

[0120] The number of opportunities for determining the time-frequency offset change based on the present solution can be compared with the number of opportunities for determining the time-frequency offset change based solely on TRS in the existing solution, as shown in the following Table 1. It can be seen that for different transmission cycles (the first transmission cycle and the second transmission cycle), the number of opportunities within the same duration (e.g., 640ms) increases by 50%, 100%, and 200%, respectively.

[0121] Table 1

[0122] TRS / SSB transmission period (ms) 320 / 640 640 / 640 1280 / 640 Number of opportunities that rely solely on TRS / 640ms 2 times 1 time 0.5 times Number of opportunities in this solution / 640ms 3 times 2 times 1.5 times Opportunity increase 50％ 100％ 200％

[0123] Through the implementation method described above, the network equipment can pair the TRS and SSB configured at the cell level according to the beam direction, so that the TRS beam group and SSB beam group with the same coverage are sent staggered according to the time domain delay, so that the user equipment has more opportunities to determine the change in the time-frequency offset in the second transmission period. In this way, the problem of excessive resource overhead caused by relying solely on TRS for time-frequency offset estimation and insufficient time-frequency offset tracking capability caused by relying solely on location information for time-frequency offset estimation can be solved.

[0124] In some implementations of the disclosed embodiments, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are of different types and can be configured at the user level. For ease of description, the following embodiments assume that the type of the first reference signal is SSB and the type of the second reference signal is TRS. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be of other types.

[0125] It is understandable that for a specific user (or user equipment 420), the time domain position of the TRS to be measured is relatively fixed, and the TRS uses a narrower beam to point to a single user equipment to be served or multiple user equipments within a single area. Therefore, in some implementations, the network device 410 can pair the user-level configured TRS with the corresponding SSB.

[0126] In some examples, the network device 410 may determine the time domain position of the TRS to be measured of the user device 420, for example, based on the location information of the user device 420. Optionally, the time domain position of the TRS to be measured of the user device 420 is user-level TRS time domain information associated with the user device 420, or simply referred to as user-level TRS. In some examples, the network device 410 may determine one or more potential SSBs to be measured of the user device 420, and may pair the one or more potential SSBs to be measured with the user-level TRS, and inform the user device 420 of the pairing information.

[0127] In some examples, the configuration information may include a user-level TRS and pairing information. It is understandable that the user device 420 can determine the time domain position of the user-level TRS, for example, it is included in the configuration information. It is understandable that since the SSB is sent periodically, the time domain position of one or more potential SSBs to be measured is determined, then the user device 420 can determine the time domain position of one or more potential SSBs to be measured based on the pairing information. It is understandable that there is a certain time interval between the time domain position of one or more potential SSBs to be measured and the time domain position of the user-level TRS, that is, the above-mentioned time domain delay. That is, for the user device 420, the configuration information can indicate the time domain delay of the second signal group (such as the user-level TRS) relative to the first signal group (such as one or more potential SSBs to be measured) through the user-level TRS and pairing information.

[0128] Exemplarily, the network device 410 may determine the potential SSB beam (or SSB beam group) to be measured of the user device 420 based on the coverage area of ​​the SSB where the user device 420 is currently located and the mobility information of the network device 410 and / or the user device 420. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may configure the time domain position of the user-level TRS of the user device 420 to be located after the time domain delay amount separated from the potential SSB beam (or SSB beam group) to be measured. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may configure the pairing relationship between the user-level TRS and the potential SSB beam (or SSB beam group) to be measured.

[0129] Fig.13 An example 1300 of changes in SSB measured by user equipment 420 due to movement of network equipment 410 is shown. Fig.13 , assuming that the user equipment 420 is currently in the coverage of SSB#3, and as the satellite moves, the user equipment 420 may be in the coverage of SSB#2-0 later. Then, the network device 410 can determine the potential SSB beam group to be measured of the user equipment 420 (ie, SSB#3-0). Fig.14 , showing a schematic diagram 1400 of determining the offset change according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, the network device 410 can configure the time domain position of the user-level TRS of the user device 420 after SSB#128~135, in this way, within the second transmission period of 640ms, the interval between the timing 1420 for determining the time-frequency offset change based on TRS and the timing 1410 for determining the time-frequency offset change based on SSB (potential SSB beam group SSB#3~0 to be measured) can be maintained between, for example, 320ms and 340ms.

[0130] For example, the network device 410 may indicate the pairing relationship to the user device 420 through the QCL relationship.

[0131] Optionally, the network device 410 may configure multiple sets of TRS resources (also referred to as multiple TRS resource sets) and corresponding multiple TCI states through RRC signaling, for example, the aforementioned configuration information may include multiple sets of TRS resources and multiple TCI states, wherein the multiple sets of TRS resources have the same time domain position but different TCI states. The QCL relationship within each TCI state may indicate the SSB paired with the TRS. Fig.13 For example, the configuration information may indicate four TCI states and corresponding TRS resource sets, and the QCL relationship in one TCI state may indicate that the SSB paired with the TRS is SSB#0~3. Optionally, when the user equipment 420 is within the beam coverage of a certain SSB (e.g., SSB#2) among SSB#0~3, the network device 410 may activate or indicate the TCI state including the SSB (e.g., SSB#2) through MAC CE or DCI. Furthermore, the user equipment 420 may determine the QCL relationship in the activated indicated TCI state based on MAC CE or DCI, for example, the QCL relationship indicates the pairing relationship between the SSB (e.g., SSB#2) and the previously configured TRS. Optionally, the previously configured TRS is a user-level TRS, i.e., the second reference signal mentioned above, and the SSB (e.g., SSB#2) having a pairing relationship therewith is the first reference signal mentioned above.

[0132] Optionally, the network device 410 may configure only one set of TRS resources (also referred to as a TRS resource set) through RRC signaling, etc., without associating the TCI state. Optionally, the network device 410 may determine a specific TRS based on the location information of the user equipment 420, such as the TRS beam direction with the strongest signal parameter, i.e., the second reference signal mentioned above; the network device 410 may then configure the specific TRS as a user-level TRS corresponding to the user equipment 420. Optionally, the user equipment 420 may determine the SSB with the strongest signal parameter (e.g., exceeding a predetermined threshold) during RRM measurement or beam management, i.e., the first reference signal mentioned above.

[0133] like Fig.14As shown, the network device 410 can configure the time domain position 1401 of the user-level TRS, and the network device 410 can also enable the user device 410 to determine the SSB paired with the configured user-level TRS through, for example, an activated or indicated TCI state. Then, the user device 420 can determine the time-frequency offset change amount based on the SSB at opportunity 1410, and update the time-frequency offset change amount based on the TRS at opportunity 1420. Exemplarily, the network device 410 can configure the user-level TRS after SSB#128~135, then accordingly, the time interval between opportunity 1410 and opportunity 1420 does not exceed 340ms.

[0134] Exemplarily, the network device 410 may also reconfigure the time domain position of the user-level TRS for the user device 420. Optionally, if the time interval between the previously configured time domain position of the TRS and the time domain position of the paired SSB is lower than a duration threshold (e.g., 320 ms or other value), the network device 420 may reconfigure the time domain position of the user-level TRS for the user device 410, for example, the reconfigured time domain position of the TRS may be sent by the network device 410 to the user device 420 through another RRC signaling. Optionally, the time interval between the reconfigured time domain position of the TRS and the time domain position of the paired SSB exceeds a duration threshold (e.g., 320 ms or other value), and optionally, the time interval between the reconfigured time domain position of the TRS and the time domain position of the paired SSB is lower than another duration threshold (e.g., 340 ms or other value), wherein the other duration threshold is greater than the duration threshold.

[0135] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the user equipment 420 may also determine the time-frequency offset based on the location information of the network device 410 and the location information of the user equipment 420. For example, the first part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the location information, and the second part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the first reference signal or the second reference signal. For a more detailed description of the first part and the second part, please refer to the embodiments recorded above, and in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0136] Additionally or optionally, the user equipment 420 may further: perform time and frequency offset compensation for the remaining reference signals and / or data based on the determined offset change, wherein the remaining reference signals and / or data may include but are not limited to: DMRS, signals or data received via PDCCH or PDSCH, etc.

[0137] Through the implementation method described above, the network device can configure a user-level TRS for the user device, and then pair the user-level TRS with one or more potential SSBs to be measured. For example, the pairing relationship can be indicated by a QCL relationship. And the time interval between the paired one or more potential SSBs to be measured and the user-level TRS is lower than the second transmission period, and then the opportunity for the user device to determine the change in time-frequency offset within the second transmission period increases. In this way, the problems of excessive resource overhead caused by relying solely on TRS for time-frequency offset estimation and insufficient time-frequency offset tracking capability caused by relying solely on location information for time-frequency offset estimation can be solved, and performance degradation caused by inaccurate time-frequency offset estimation can be avoided.

[0138] In some implementations of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are of the same type, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverage. For ease of description, the following embodiments assume that the types of the first reference signal and the second reference signal are both TRS. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be of other types.

[0139] In some embodiments, the network device 410 may configure a cell-level TRS, and may send two TRSs with adjacent beam coverage at intervals of a time domain delay. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may determine the transmission pattern of the TRS so that the interval between different TRSs with adjacent beam coverage is less than the second transmission period. For example, the network device 410 may send a first TRS at a first moment, and send a second TRS after the time domain delay, and the first TRS and the second TRS have adjacent beam coverage. Accordingly, the user equipment 420 may receive the first TRS at a first moment, and determine the time-frequency offset variation. Subsequently, the user equipment 420 may receive the second TRS after the time domain delay at the first moment, and re-determine the time-frequency offset variation. Since the time domain delay is lower than the transmission period of the TRS (i.e., the second transmission period), the user equipment 420 may obtain more opportunities to determine the time-frequency offset variation.

[0140] It is understandable that, considering that the width of a general SSB beam is relatively wide, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the center area of ​​the beam is relatively high, which can ensure sufficient estimation accuracy; however, the SNR in the edge area of ​​the beam is relatively low, which may not ensure sufficient estimation accuracy, but the SSB in the adjacent beam coverage range can be received. For SSB beams and TRS beams with the same receiving SNR, since TRS can have a higher estimation accuracy, the user equipment can obtain multiple opportunities to determine the change in time-frequency offset within one TRS transmission period (i.e., the second transmission period) by using the TRS beam covering the user equipment and one or more TRS beams covering the adjacent beam range.

[0141] Fig.15 A schematic diagram 1500 taking 16 TRSs as an example is shown. Assuming that the user equipment is located within the beam coverage of TRS#1, schematically, it can be determined that the TRSs in the adjacent coverage 1510 include TRS#0, TRS#2, and TRS#4-6.

[0142] As an example, the network device may configure the time domain position of the TRS as follows: Fig.16 As shown. Fig.16 In the illustrated TRS transmission sequence 1600, the interval between TRS#0 / 2 and TRS#1 is approximately 1 / 2 of the second transmission period, the interval between TRS#5 and TRS#1 is approximately 1 / 4 of the second transmission period, and the interval between TRS#4 / 6 and TRS#1 is approximately 1 / 4 of the second transmission period. In this way, the user equipment can obtain at least two opportunities to determine the time-frequency offset variation within the second transmission period.

[0143] In some embodiments, the network device 410 can configure multiple sets of TRS resources (also referred to as multiple TRS resource sets) and corresponding multiple TCI states through RRC signaling, for example, the configuration information mentioned above may include multiple sets of TRS resources and multiple TCI states.

[0144] For example, when the user equipment is in a certain TRS (such as Fig.15 When the network device 410 is within the beam coverage of the TRS#1 in the user equipment, the network device 410 may activate or indicate the TRS (such as TRS#2 in the user equipment) where the user equipment is located through MAC CE or DCI. Fig.15 For example, the at least two TCI states activated or indicated may correspond to the TRSs (such as TRS#1 in the beam coverage of the user equipment) within the coverage of the user equipment. Fig.15 TRS#1 in the beam) and TRSs in the adjacent beam coverage area (such as TRS#0, TRS#2, and TRS#4-6).

[0145] Exemplarily, the user equipment 420 may determine at least two TRSs to be measured based on at least two activated or indicated TCI states. Further, the user equipment 420 may determine time domain resources of at least two TRSs based on configuration information, and receive at least two TRSs in the corresponding time domain resources.

[0146] Optionally, the user equipment 420 may determine the time-frequency offset variation based on each of the at least two received TRSs. Optionally, the user equipment 420 may select some of the at least two received TRSs to determine the time-frequency offset variation. For example, some of the TRSs whose SNR exceeds a predetermined SNR threshold may be selected, that is, the SNR of each of the selected TRSs exceeds a predetermined SNR threshold.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the user equipment 420 may also determine the time-frequency offset based on the location information of the network device 410 and the location information of the user equipment 420. For example, the first part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the location information, and the second part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the first reference signal or the second reference signal. For a more detailed description of the first part and the second part, please refer to the embodiments recorded above, and in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0148] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of determining an offset change 1700 according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Optionally, the configuration information may include location information of the network device 410, such as included in the ephemeris information. Optionally, the configuration information may include multiple sets of TRS resources and corresponding multiple TCI states. Optionally, the network device 410 may send a MAC CE to the user equipment 420 based on the TRS where the user equipment 420 is located to activate at least two TCI states.

[0149] Accordingly, the user equipment 420 may determine a first portion of the offset change based on the location information at 1710. The user equipment 420 may determine a second portion of the offset change based on a received TRS whose SNR exceeds a predetermined SNR threshold at 1720. The user equipment 420 may update the second portion of the offset change based on another received TRS whose SNR exceeds a predetermined SNR threshold at 1730.

[0150] Alternatively, since the SNR of the TRS received by the user equipment 420 at 1725 between 1720 and 1730 is lower than a predetermined SNR threshold, the second part of the offset change is not updated at 1725 .

[0151] Reference Fig.17, within the second transmission period, the user equipment 420 has at least two opportunities to determine the second part of the offset change.

[0152] Additionally or optionally, the user equipment 420 may further: perform time and frequency offset compensation for the remaining reference signals and / or data based on the determined offset change, wherein the remaining reference signals and / or data may include but are not limited to: DMRS, signals or data received via PDCCH or PDSCH, etc.

[0153] Through the implementation described above, the network device can stagger the transmission of different TRSs in adjacent beam coverage areas according to the time domain delay amount, so that the user device can obtain at least two opportunities to determine the time-frequency offset change amount in the second transmission period without increasing the TRS resource overhead of the network device. Thereby, the user device can update the time-frequency offset change amount more timely to avoid the degradation of data transmission performance.

[0154] Further references Fig.18 , showing a schematic interactive flow chart of a communication process 1800 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig.18 Involving Figure 4 Network device 410 and user device 420 are shown.

[0155] At 1810, the network device 410 sends configuration information to the user equipment 420, and the configuration information may indicate a pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal, and the time domain delay between the first reference signal in the first type of signal having a pairing relationship and the second reference signal in the second type of signal is a fixed value. Exemplarily, the fixed value may be lower than the transmission period (first transmission period) of the first reference signal. Exemplarily, the fixed value may be lower than the transmission period (second transmission period) of the second reference signal. Optionally, each reference signal in the first type of signal has a first transmission period, and each reference signal in the second type of signal has a second transmission period. Optionally, the first transmission period and the second transmission period may be equal or unequal, and the present disclosure is not limited to this. Exemplarily, assuming that the configuration information indicates that the first reference signal in the first type of signal and the second reference signal in the second type of signal have a pairing relationship, then the time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal is a fixed value. Exemplarily, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may have the same beam coverage. Exemplarily, the configuration information may also indicate the time domain position of each reference signal in the first type of signal. Exemplarily, the configuration information may also indicate the time domain position of each reference signal in the second type of signal.

[0156] At 1820, the network device 410 sends a first reference signal to the user equipment 420. At 1830, the user equipment 420 determines an offset change between itself and the network device 410 based on the first reference signal. At 1840, the user equipment 420 determines a time domain position of a second reference signal paired with the first reference signal based on the configuration information.

[0157] At 1850, the network device 410 sends a second reference signal to the user equipment 420, and at 1860, the user equipment 420 receives the second reference signal based on the time domain position. At 1870, the user equipment 420 updates the offset change between itself and the network device 410 based on the second reference signal.

[0158] Exemplarily, the offset change between the user equipment 420 and the network equipment 410 may include a time offset change and / or a frequency offset change. For example, the offset change may be referred to as a time-frequency offset change or simply a time-frequency offset change.

[0159] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "determining the offset change" can be used interchangeably with any of the following: determining the time-frequency offset change, estimating the time-frequency offset change, tracking the time-frequency offset change, updating the time-frequency offset change, determining the time-frequency offset, measuring the time-frequency offset, tracking the time-frequency offset, estimating the time-frequency offset, compensating for the time-frequency offset, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0160] In some embodiments, the first type of reference signal is SSB, and the second type of reference signal is TRS, for example, they may be cell-level SSB beams and cell-level TRS beams, respectively. Exemplarily, the network device 410 may determine a fixed value, for example, the fixed value may be equal to 1 / 2, 1 / 4, or other values ​​of the first transmission period (or the second transmission period).

[0161] Exemplarily, the network device 410 may configure multiple sets of TRS resources (also referred to as multiple TRS resource sets) and corresponding multiple TCI states through RRC signaling, for example, the aforementioned configuration information may include multiple sets of TRS resources and multiple TCI states. Exemplarily, the QCL relationship within the TCI state may indicate a pairing relationship between SSB and TRS. For example, assuming that SSB#0 is paired with TRS#0, the following Table 2 shows the configuration information associated with the pairing relationship.

[0162] Table 2

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] In this way, after receiving the configuration information, the user equipment 420 can determine the pairing relationship between SSB#0 and TRS#0, and the QCL type (qcl-Type) is type C (typeC).

[0166] Exemplarily, the network device 410 may also send a MAC CE or DCI to the user equipment 420 to activate or indicate at least one TCI state among the multiple TCIs. Optionally, when the user equipment 420 is within the beam coverage of a specific SSB or a specific TRS, the network device 410 may activate or indicate at least one TCI state associated with the specific SSB or the specific TRS through a MAC CE or DCI.

[0167] Exemplarily, the user equipment 420 may determine at least one TCI state that is activated or indicated based on MAC CE or DCI, and then determine the pairing relationship indicated by the QCL relationship in the at least one TCI state. As an example, assuming that the user equipment 420 determines that the pairing relationship that is activated or indicated is the pairing relationship between SSB#1 and TRS#1, the user equipment 420 may determine the first time domain position of SSB#1 and the second time domain position of TRS#1 based on the configuration information, and then determine the time-frequency offset change based on the SSB#1 received at the first time domain position, and determine the time-frequency offset change based on the TRS#1 received at the second time domain position. Since the time domain delay (time interval) between the two reference signals (such as SSB#1 and TRS#1) that the configuration information indicates to be in a pairing relationship is a fixed value, and the fixed value is less than the first transmission period (and / or the second transmission period), the user equipment has more than one opportunity to determine the time-frequency offset change within the first transmission period (and / or the second transmission period).

[0168] In some embodiments, if the beam coverage of the user equipment 420 changes due to the movement of the network device 410 or the user equipment 420 or other reasons, the network device 410 can activate or instruct another TCI state through another MAC CE or another DCI. Since the time domain delay between each paired first reference signal and the second reference signal in the configuration information is a fixed value, it can be seen that even if the SSB / TRS actually received by the user equipment 420 changes, the update period for determining the change in the time-frequency offset can remain basically unchanged. In this way, the universality of the solution can be ensured.

[0169] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the user equipment 420 may also determine the time-frequency offset based on the location information of the network device 410 and the location information of the user equipment 420. For example, the first part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the location information, and the second part of the time-frequency offset variation is determined based on the first reference signal or the second reference signal. For a more detailed description of the first part and the second part, please refer to the embodiments recorded above, and in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0170] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of determining an offset change amount 1900 according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Optionally, the configuration information may include location information of the network device 410, such as included in the ephemeris information. Optionally, the configuration information may include multiple sets of TRS resources and corresponding multiple TCI states. And the time domain delay amount between the first reference signal and the second reference signal in a paired relationship indicated by the QCL relationship in the TCI state is a fixed value. Optionally, the network device 410 may send a MAC CE or DCI to the user equipment 420 based on the SSB or TRS where the user equipment 420 is located to activate or indicate at least one TCI state.

[0171] Accordingly, the user equipment 420 may determine a first part of the offset change based on the location information at 1910. The user equipment 420 may determine a second part of the offset change based on the received SSB at 1920. The user equipment 420 may update the second part of the offset change based on the received TRS at 1930. Optionally, the first time domain resource for the user equipment 420 to receive the SSB may be configured by the network device 410, and the second time domain resource for the user equipment 420 to receive the TRS may be configured by the network device 410.

[0172] Reference Fig.19 , assuming that the fixed value is equal to 1 / 2 of the second transmission period, then within the second transmission period, the user equipment 420 has at least two opportunities to determine the second part of the offset change.

[0173] Additionally or optionally, the user equipment 420 may further: perform time and frequency offset compensation for the remaining reference signals and / or data based on the determined offset change, wherein the remaining reference signals and / or data may include but are not limited to: DMRS, signals or data received via PDCCH or PDSCH, etc.

[0174] Through the implementation method described above, the network device can pair SSB with TRS, and the interval between the time domain positions of the paired SSB and TRS is a fixed value, and the fixed value is less than the first transmission period (and / or the second transmission period). In this way, the network device can stagger the transmission of TRS and SSB according to a fixed value, so that the user device can obtain at least two opportunities to determine the change in time-frequency offset within the second transmission period without increasing the TRS resource overhead of the network device. Thereby, the user device can update the change in time-frequency offset more timely to avoid the degradation of data transmission performance.

[0175] Some implementations of the embodiments of the present disclosure are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can form some other implementations through modification, combination, etc. on the basis of the above implementations, which are still within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Exemplarily, the network device can stagger the transmission of different TRSs in adjacent beam coverage at a certain time interval. Further, the network device can also determine the transmission order of SSB based on the transmission order of TRS, for example, there is a specific time interval between SSB and TRS with the same coverage, for example, SSB and TRS with the same coverage can be paired, for example, the transmission order of SSB is the same as the transmission order of TRS, and so on.

[0176] In this way, the embodiments of the present disclosure can enable the user equipment to obtain multiple opportunities to determine the change in the time-frequency offset in the second transmission period, so that the time-frequency offset can be estimated and tracked more accurately, thereby ensuring transmission performance.

[0177] It should also be understood that the methods, situations, categories and divisions of the embodiments in the present disclosure are only for the convenience of description and should not constitute special limitations. The features in various methods, categories, situations and embodiments can be combined with each other when it is logical.

[0178] It should also be understood that the above content is only to help those skilled in the art better understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications, changes or combinations based on the above content. Such modifications, changes or combinations are also within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0179] It should also be understood that the description of the above content focuses on emphasizing the differences between the various embodiments, and the same or similar points can be referenced or borrowed from each other. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0180] Fig. 20 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 2000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 2000 may be implemented as follows: Figure 4The user equipment 420 shown in the figure may be implemented as a part of the user equipment 420 (such as a chip), etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to this. Fig. 20 As shown, the apparatus 2000 includes an offset variation determination module 2010 , a time domain position determination module 2020 , and an offset variation update module 2030 .

[0181] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the offset change determination module 2010 is configured to determine the offset change between the user equipment and the network device based on the received first reference signal, and the offset change includes the time offset change and / or the frequency offset change. The time domain position determination module 2020 is configured to determine the time domain position of the second reference signal based on the time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, and the time domain delay is lower than the transmission period of the first reference signal. The offset change update module 2030 is configured to update the offset change based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

[0182] In some embodiments, the apparatus 2000 may further include a receiving module configured to receive configuration information from a network device, where the configuration information indicates a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0183] In some embodiments, the apparatus 2000 may further include a receiving module configured to receive updated configuration information from the network device, where the updated configuration information indicates an updated time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0184] In some embodiments, the apparatus 2000 may further include a receiving module configured to receive configuration information from a network device, the configuration information indicating a time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group having the same beam coverage, the first signal group including a first reference signal, and the second signal group including a second reference signal.

[0185] Exemplarily, the configuration information also indicates a signal measurement window, and the time domain position determination module 2020 can be specifically configured to: determine the time domain position starting from the time domain delay amount after the received time domain position of the first reference signal, and with the signal measurement window as the time length.

[0186] In some examples, the apparatus 2000 may further include a second reference signal determination module configured to: detect at least one signal during the time domain position; and determine a second reference signal from the at least one signal based on a signal parameter of each signal in the at least one signal. Optionally, the second reference signal determination module is configured to: determine a signal parameter of each signal in the at least one signal; and determine a signal whose signal parameter exceeds a preset threshold as the second reference signal. Optionally, the signal parameter includes at least one of the following: signal strength, signal quality, or signal-to-noise ratio.

[0187] In some embodiments, the offset change determination module 2010 can also be configured to: determine the first part of the offset change between the user equipment and the network device based on the location information of the network device and the location information of the user equipment, and wherein the offset change is the second part of the offset change.

[0188] Exemplarily, the first reference signal belongs to SSB, and the second reference signal belongs to TRS.

[0189] Exemplarily, the first reference signal and the second reference signal both belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverage ranges.

[0190] In some other implementations of the present disclosure, the offset change determination module 2010 is configured to determine the offset change between the user equipment and the network device based on the received first reference signal, and the offset change includes the time offset change and / or the frequency offset change. The time domain position determination module 2020 is configured to determine the time domain position of the second reference signal paired with the first reference signal based on the pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal, wherein the time domain delay between the first reference signal in the first type of signal with the pairing relationship and the second reference signal in the second type of signal is a fixed value, and the fixed value is lower than the transmission period of the first reference signal. The offset change update module 2030 is configured to update the offset change based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

[0191] Exemplarily, the apparatus 2000 may further include a receiving module configured to receive configuration information from a network device, where the configuration information indicates a pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal.

[0192] In some examples, the time domain position determination model 2020 may be specifically configured to determine the time domain position of a second reference signal paired with the first reference signal based on the configuration information and the received first reference signal.

[0193] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage. Optionally, the first type of signal belongs to SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to TRS.

[0194] Fig. 20 The device 2000 can be used to achieve the above combination Figures 4 to 19 For the sake of brevity, the various processes performed by the user equipment 420 are not described here in detail.

[0195] Fig.21 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication device 2100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 2100 may be implemented as follows: Figure 4 The network device 410 shown in the figure may be implemented as a part of the network device 410 (such as a chip), etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to this. Fig.21 As shown, the device 2100 includes a sending module 2110 and a processing module 2120 .

[0196] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the sending module 2110 is configured to send a first reference signal to a user equipment. The processing module 2120 is configured to determine a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, where the time domain delay is less than a transmission period of the first reference signal. The sending module 2110 is also configured to send the second reference signal to the user equipment at the time domain position.

[0197] In some embodiments, the sending module 2110 is further configured to send configuration information to the user equipment, where the configuration information indicates a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0198] In some embodiments, the sending module 2110 is further configured to send updated configuration information to the user equipment, where the updated configuration information indicates an updated time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

[0199] In some embodiments, the sending module 2110 is also configured to send configuration information to the user equipment, the configuration information indicating the time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group have the same beam coverage range, the first signal group includes a first reference signal, and the second signal group includes a second reference signal.

[0200] Exemplarily, the configuration information further indicates a signal measurement window, where the signal measurement window is used to represent the time length of a time domain position.

[0201] Optionally, the first reference signal belongs to SSB, and the second reference signal belongs to TRS.

[0202] Optionally, both the first reference signal and the second reference signal belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverage ranges.

[0203] In some other implementations of the present disclosure, the sending module 2110 is configured to send configuration information to the user equipment, the configuration information indicating the pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal, and the time domain delay between the first reference signal in the first type of signal having the pairing relationship and the second reference signal in the second type of signal is a fixed value, and the fixed value is lower than the transmission period of the first reference signal. The sending module 2110 is also configured to send the first reference signal to the user equipment. The sending module 2110 is also configured to send the second reference signal to the user equipment.

[0204] In some embodiments, the time domain delay between the third reference signal in the first type of signal and the fourth reference signal in the second type of signal that have a paired relationship is also a fixed value.

[0205] Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage. Optionally, the first type of signal belongs to SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to TRS.

[0206] The division of modules or units in the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. In addition, each functional unit in the disclosed embodiments may be integrated into one unit, or may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0207] Fig. 22 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an example device 2200 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present disclosure. The device 2200 can be implemented as or included in Figure 4 The network device 410 may be implemented as or included in Figure 4 In the user equipment 420.

[0208] like Fig. 22 As shown, the device 2200 includes one or more processors 2210 , one or more memories 2220 coupled to the processor 2210 , and a communication module 2240 coupled to the processor 2210 .

[0209] The communication module 2240 may be used for two-way communication. The communication module 2240 may have at least one communication interface for communication. The communication interface may include any interface necessary for communication with other devices.

[0210] Processor 2210 may be any type suitable for the local technology network, and may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), or one or more of a controller-based multi-core controller architecture. Device 2200 may have multiple processors, such as application specific integrated circuit chips, which are time-dependent from a clock synchronized with a main processor.

[0211] The memory 2220 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: read-only memory (ROM) 2224, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, compact disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or other magnetic storage and / or optical storage. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: random access memory (RAM) 2222, or other volatile memories that do not persist during the duration of a power outage.

[0212] Computer program 2230 includes computer executable instructions executed by associated processor 2210. Program 2230 may be stored in ROM 2224. Processor 2210 may perform any suitable actions and processes by loading program 2230 into RAM 2222.

[0213] The embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented with the help of program 2230, so that the device 2200 can execute the Figures 4 to 19 Any process discussed. The embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0214] The program 2230 may be tangibly embodied in a computer-readable medium that may be included in the device 2200 (such as in the memory 2220) or other storage device accessible by the device 2200. The program 2230 may be loaded from the computer-readable medium to the RAM 2222 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any type of tangible non-volatile memory, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc.

[0215] In some embodiments, the communication module 2240 in the device 2200 may be implemented as a transmitter and a receiver (or a transceiver), which may be configured to send / receive information such as multiple TCIs, at least one message, capability information, etc. In addition, the device 2200 may further include one or more of a scheduler, a controller, and a radio frequency / antenna, which will not be elaborated in detail in this disclosure.

[0216] For example, Fig. 22 The device 2200 may be implemented as an electronic device, or may be implemented as a chip or a chip system in an electronic device, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0217] The embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a chip, which may include an input interface, an output interface and a processing circuit. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the input interface and the output interface may complete the interaction of signaling or data, and the processing circuit may complete the generation and processing of signaling or data information.

[0218] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a chip system, including a processor, for supporting a computing device to implement the functions involved in any of the above embodiments. In one possible design, the chip system may also include a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data, and when the processor runs the program instructions, the device on which the chip system is installed implements the method involved in any of the above embodiments. Exemplarily, the chip system may be composed of one or more chips, and may also include chips and other discrete devices.

[0219] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a processor for coupling with a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions. When the processor executes the instructions, the processor executes the methods and functions involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0220] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program or a computer program product including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the methods and functions involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0221] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions are stored. When a processor executes the instructions, the processor executes the methods and functions involved in any of the above embodiments.

[0222] In general, various embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software, which may be performed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure are shown and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using some other graphical representations, it should be understood that the boxes, devices, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented as, for example, non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuits or logic, general hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.

[0223] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer executable instructions, such as instructions included in a program module, which are executed in a device on a real or virtual processor of the target to perform the process / method as described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. In various embodiments, the functions of program modules can be combined or divided between program modules as needed. Machine executable instructions for program modules can be executed in local or distributed devices. In distributed devices, program modules can be located in local and remote storage media.

[0224] The computer program code for realizing the method of the present disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages. These computer program codes can be provided to the processor of general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when being executed by computer or other programmable data processing device, causes the function / operation specified in flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed completely on computer, partly on computer, as independent software package, partly on computer and partly on remote computer or completely on remote computer or server.

[0225] In the context of the present disclosure, computer program codes or related data may be carried by any appropriate carrier to enable a device, apparatus or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, and the like. Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, acoustic or other forms of propagation signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, and the like.

[0226] A computer readable medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program for or related to an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination thereof. More detailed examples of computer readable storage media include an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0227] In addition, although the operation of the method of the present disclosure is described in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. On the contrary, the steps depicted in the flow chart can change the order of execution. Additionally or alternatively, some steps can be omitted, multiple steps can be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step can be decomposed into multiple steps for execution. It should also be noted that the features and functions of two or more devices according to the present disclosure can be embodied in one device. Conversely, the features and functions of a device described above can be further divided into being embodied by multiple devices.

[0228] The above descriptions of various implementations of the present disclosure are exemplary, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed implementations. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described implementations. The selection of terms used herein is intended to explain the principles of the implementations, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various implementations disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for synchronization, comprising: Determine, based on the received first reference signal, an offset change between the user equipment and the network equipment, wherein the offset change includes a time offset change and / or a frequency offset change; Determining a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, wherein the time domain delay is less than a transmission period of the first reference signal; as well as The offset change is updated based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Configuration information is received from the network device, where the configuration information indicates the time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: Updated configuration information is received from the network device, the updated configuration information indicating an updated time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receive configuration information from the network device, the configuration information indicating the time domain delay amount of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group have the same beam coverage, the first signal group includes the first reference signal, and the second signal group includes the second reference signal.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the configuration information further indicates a signal measurement window, and determining the time domain position of the second reference signal comprises: The time domain position is determined with the time domain delay amount after the received time domain position of the first reference signal as a starting point and the signal measurement window as a time length.

6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: detecting at least one signal during the time domain location; as well as The second reference signal is determined from the at least one signal based on a signal parameter of each of the at least one signal.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein determining the second reference signal from the at least one signal comprises: determining a signal parameter for each of the at least one signal; as well as The signal whose signal parameter exceeds a preset threshold is determined as the second reference signal.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the signal parameter comprises at least one of the following: signal strength, signal quality, or signal-to-noise ratio.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: Based on the location information of the network device and the location information of the user equipment, a first part of the offset change between the user equipment and the network device is determined, and the offset change is the second part of the offset change.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first reference signal belongs to a synchronization signal block SSB, and the second reference signal belongs to a tracking reference signal TRS. 11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal both belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverages.

12. A method for synchronization, comprising: Sending a first reference signal to a user equipment; Determining a time domain position of the second reference signal based on a time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal, wherein the time domain delay is less than a transmission period of the first reference signal; as well as The second reference signal is sent to the user equipment at the time domain position.

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: Configuration information is sent to the user equipment, where the configuration information indicates the time domain delay of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising: Sending updated configuration information to the user equipment, where the updated configuration information indicates an updated time domain delay amount of the second reference signal relative to the first reference signal.

15. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: Configuration information is sent to the user equipment, wherein the configuration information indicates the time domain delay of the second signal group relative to the first signal group, the first signal group and the second signal group have the same beam coverage, the first signal group includes the first reference signal, and the second signal group includes the second reference signal. 16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the configuration information further indicates a signal measurement window, and the signal measurement window is used to represent a time length of the time domain position.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the first reference signal belongs to a synchronization signal block SSB, and the second reference signal belongs to a tracking reference signal TRS.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal both belong to a TRS, and the first reference signal and the second reference signal have adjacent beam coverage.

19. A method for synchronization, comprising: Determine, based on the received first reference signal, an offset change between the user equipment and the network equipment, wherein the offset change includes a time offset change and / or a frequency offset change; Determine, based on a pairing relationship between a first type of signal and a second type of signal, a time domain position of a second reference signal paired with the first reference signal, wherein a time domain delay between the first reference signal in the first type of signal and the second reference signal in the second type of signal having a pairing relationship is a fixed value, and the fixed value is lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; as well as The offset change is updated based on the second reference signal detected at the time domain position.

20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising: Configuration information is received from the network device, where the configuration information indicates a pairing relationship between the first type of signal and the second type of signal.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein determining the time domain position of the second reference signal comprises: Based on the configuration information and the received first reference signal, the time domain position of the second reference signal paired with the first reference signal is determined.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage.

23. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the first type of signal belongs to a synchronization signal block SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to a tracking reference signal TRS.

24. A method for synchronization, comprising: Sending configuration information to a user equipment, where the configuration information indicates a pairing relationship between a first type of signal and a second type of signal, and a time domain delay between a first reference signal in the first type of signal and a second reference signal in the second type of signal that have a pairing relationship is a fixed value, and the fixed value is lower than a transmission period of the first reference signal; sending the first reference signal to the user equipment; as well as The second reference signal is sent to the user equipment. 25 . The method according to claim 24 , wherein a time domain delay between a third reference signal in the first type of signal and a fourth reference signal in the second type of signal that have a paired relationship is also the fixed value.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal have the same beam coverage.

27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the first type of signal belongs to a synchronization signal block SSB, and the second type of signal belongs to a tracking reference signal TRS.

28. A communication device for synchronization, comprising: Means for performing a method according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 11 or any of claims 19 to 23.

29. A communication device for synchronization, comprising: Means for performing a method according to any of the preceding claims 12 to 18 or any of claims 24 to 27.

30. A user equipment, comprising: at least one memory; as well as At least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute program instructions stored in the at least one memory and causing the user equipment to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or any one of claims 19 to 23.

31. A network device comprising: at least one memory; as well as At least one processor coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute program instructions stored in the at least one memory and causing the network device to perform a method according to any one of claims 12 to 18 or any one of claims 24 to 27.

32. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 27.

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