Energy storage device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The energy storage device comprises a box body and a plurality of single batteries, the box body is provided with a battery bin, the single batteries are contained in the battery bin, each single battery comprises a shell and an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminals are arranged on the shells. Wherein the volume of the battery compartment is V1, the sum of the volumes of the shells of the plurality of battery monomers is V2, and V2 / V1 is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.95. And the volume of all the single batteries in the battery compartment is relatively large, so that the space utilization rate of the battery compartment is improved, and the volume energy density of the energy storage device is favorably improved.

Description

Energy storage device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage devices are devices that store and transfer electrical energy. They can be used in power systems to store excess energy during off-peak periods to supplement peak demand. Therefore, energy storage devices can both store excess power from a power generation system and deliver power to the grid during periods of low power generation.

[0003] Energy storage devices typically include a housing and multiple battery cells mounted within the housing. These cells are connected in series, parallel, or hybrid to store electrical energy. Currently, the volumetric energy density of energy storage devices is relatively low. Therefore, improving the volumetric energy density of energy storage devices is an urgent issue.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device that can effectively improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, including a case and multiple battery cells, the case having a battery compartment, the multiple battery cells being accommodated in the battery compartment, the battery cells including an outer shell and electrode terminals, and the electrode terminals being arranged on the outer shell; wherein the volume of the battery compartment is V1, the sum of the volumes of the outer shells of the multiple battery cells is V2, and 0.4≤V2 / V1≤0.95.

[0007] In the above technical solution, a ratio of V2 / V1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the volume of all battery cells within the battery compartment is not excessive, reducing the assembly precision requirements for the energy storage device and effectively controlling the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device within a reasonable range. A ratio of V2 / V1 ≥ 0.4 ensures that the volume of all battery cells within the battery compartment is relatively large, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery compartment and increasing the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0008] In some embodiments, 0.5≤V2 / V1≤0.85. This takes into account both the volumetric energy density and economic requirements of the energy storage device, which is beneficial for further reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0009] In some embodiments, 0.52≤V2 / V1≤0.75. This can control the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device at a relatively low level while also controlling the volume energy density of the energy storage device at a relatively high level.

[0010] In some embodiments, the volume of each battery cell housing is V3, and the number of battery cells in the battery compartment is N1, satisfying the following equation: V2 = V3 * N1. This ensures that the volumes of the housings of all battery cells in the battery compartment are equal, allowing the use of battery cells of the same specifications. This improves the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device and reduces the possibility of space waste caused by different specifications of battery cells in the battery compartment.

[0011] In some embodiments, 0.0001≤V3 / V1≤0.00025. When V3 / V1≥0.0001, the volume of the battery cell housing in the battery compartment accounts for a larger proportion. Given a certain volume of the battery compartment, the number of battery cells can be reduced, reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells, thereby facilitating an improvement in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. When V3 / V1≤0.00025, the volume of the battery cell housing in the battery compartment does not account for an excessive proportion, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, 0.00015≤V3 / V1≤0.0002. This takes into account the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device, the difficulty of manufacturing the battery cell, and the economic requirements of the battery cell, which is conducive to improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and reducing the difficulty and cost of manufacturing the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, 0.0026 m 3 ≤V3≤0.008m 3 This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of energy storage devices and reducing the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0014] In some embodiments, 0.004 m 3 ≤V3≤0.006m 3 It can not only control the volume energy density of the energy storage device at a relatively high level, but also control the manufacturing cost of the battery cell at a low level.

[0015] In some embodiments, the volume of the housing is V, satisfying the following: 0.45 ≤ V1 / V ≤ 0.75. V1 / V ≥ 0.45 ensures that the volume of the battery compartment accounts for a larger proportion of the volume of the housing, increasing the available space within the housing and facilitating an increase in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. V1 / V ≤ 0.75 also minimizes the volume of the battery compartment, allowing more space for other components of the energy storage device and reducing the installation difficulty of these components.

[0016] In some embodiments, 0.55≤V1 / V≤0.65, which can take into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device and the installation convenience requirements of other components of the energy storage device.

[0017] In some embodiments, 20m 3 ≤V≤80m 3 V≥20m 3 , which makes the box volume larger, which is conducive to achieving the large energy requirements of the energy storage device to store more electrical energy; V≤80m 3 , so that the volume of the box is not too large, which facilitates the handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0018] In some embodiments, 35m 3 ≤V≤50m 3 It can further take into account the requirements of large energy of the energy storage device and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple battery cells arranged along the length of the housing; along the length of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the sum of the sizes of the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged in the battery compartment is L2, satisfying the following: 0.6≤L2 / L1≤0.95. L2 / L1≥0.6 ensures that the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged along the length of the housing account for a significant portion of the battery compartment's size along the length of the housing, fully utilizing the battery compartment's space along the length of the housing and reducing the gap between the outer shells of two adjacent battery cells along the length of the housing. This helps increase the volumetric proportion of the outer shells of all battery cells in the battery compartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L2 / L1≤0.95 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient mounting margin along the length of the housing to accommodate multiple battery cells, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells.

[0020] In some embodiments, 0.75≤L2 / L1≤0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery cells in the length direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells in the length direction of the housing.

[0021] In some embodiments, the outer shell of each battery cell has a dimension of L3 along the length of the housing. N2 battery cells are arranged within the battery compartment, satisfying the following equation: L2 = L3 * N2. This ensures that the outer shells of multiple battery cells have equal dimensions along the length of the housing, effectively reducing the probability of wasted space due to varying sizes of battery cell outer shells along the length of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells of the same specification can be arranged along the length of the housing, improving assembly efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs of the energy storage device.

[0022] In some embodiments, 0.03 ≤ L3 / L1 ≤ 0.12. L3 / L1 ≥ 0.03 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively large proportion of the length of the battery compartment along the length of the housing. Given a given length of the battery compartment along the length of the housing, the number of battery cells accommodated within the battery compartment along the length of the housing can be reduced, reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells, thereby facilitating an improvement in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L3 / L1 ≤ 0.12 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively small proportion of the length of the battery compartment along the length of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells.

[0023] In some embodiments, 0.055≤L3 / L1≤0.09, which is beneficial for further improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reducing the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0024] In some embodiments, 0.17m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6m. L3 ≥ 0.17m allows the battery cell housing to be larger along the length of the housing, which helps increase the proportion of the battery cell housing within the battery compartment along the length of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L3 ≤ 0.6m allows the battery cell housing to be less than excessive along the length of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell.

[0025] In some embodiments, 0.2 m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.45 m, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reduce the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0026] In some embodiments, the dimension L of the housing along its length satisfies the following: 0.65 ≤ L1 / L ≤ 0.95. L1 / L ≥ 0.65 ensures that the battery compartment accounts for a significant portion of the housing's length. Increasing the battery compartment's length provides more space for battery cells, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L1 / L ≤ 0.95 ensures that the length of the housing not occupied by the battery compartment is adequately sized, providing sufficient structural strength.

[0027] In some embodiments, 0.75≤L1 / L≤0.9. This can take into account both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing, thereby improving both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing.

[0028] In some embodiments, 3m ≤ L ≤ 9m. L ≥ 3m allows the length of the box to be larger, allowing the battery compartment to be larger along the length of the box, which helps increase the battery compartment's proportion of the box along the length of the box and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L ≤ 9m prevents the length of the box from being too large, facilitating handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0029] In some embodiments, 5m≤L≤7m, which can further take into account the volume energy density of the energy storage device and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0030] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple battery cells arranged along the width of the housing. Along the width of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged within the battery compartment is D2, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 0.95. D2 / D1 ≥ 0.6 ensures that the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged along the width of the housing account for a significant portion of the battery compartment's width along the housing, fully utilizing the battery compartment's space along the width of the housing and reducing the gap between the outer shells of two adjacent battery cells in the width of the housing. This helps increase the volumetric proportion of the outer shells of all battery cells within the battery compartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. D2 / D1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient mounting margins in the width of the housing to accommodate multiple battery cells, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells.

[0031] In some embodiments, 0.75≤D2 / D1≤0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery cells in the width direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells in the width direction of the housing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the outer shell of each battery cell has a dimension D3 along the width of the housing, and N3 battery cells are arranged within the battery compartment, satisfying the following equation: D2 = D3 * N3. This ensures that the outer shells of multiple battery cells have equal dimensions along the width of the housing, effectively reducing the probability of space waste caused by varying dimensions of the battery cell outer shells along the width of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells of the same specification can be arranged along the width of the housing, improving assembly efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs of the energy storage device.

[0033] In some embodiments, 0.02 ≤ D3 / D1 ≤ 0.05. D3 / D1 ≥ 0.02 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimensions of the battery compartment along the width of the housing. Given a constant width of the battery compartment, this can reduce the number of battery cells accommodated within the compartment along the width of the housing, reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. D3 / D1 ≤ 0.05 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimensions of the battery compartment along the width of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells.

[0034] In some embodiments, 0.032≤D3 / D1≤0.04, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reduce the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0035] In some embodiments, 0.04m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.12m. D3 ≥ 0.04m allows the battery cell housing to be larger along the width of the housing, which helps increase the proportion of the battery cell housing within the battery compartment along the width of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. D3 ≤ 0.12m allows the battery cell housing to be less than excessively large along the width of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell.

[0036] In some embodiments, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell.

[0037] In some embodiments, the dimension D of the housing along the width of the housing satisfies the following: 0.65 ≤ D1 / D ≤ 0.99. D1 / D ≥ 0.65 ensures that the battery compartment accounts for a larger proportion of the housing's width. Increasing the width of the battery compartment provides more space for battery cells, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. D1 / D ≤ 0.95 ensures that the width of the housing not occupied by the battery compartment is sufficiently undisturbed, providing the housing with sufficient structural strength.

[0038] In some embodiments, 0.75≤D1 / D≤0.92. This can take into account both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing, thereby improving both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing.

[0039] In some embodiments, 1.5m ≤ D ≤ 3.5m. D ≥ 1.5m allows the width of the box to be larger, allowing the battery compartment to be larger along the width of the box. This helps increase the battery compartment's proportion of the box's width, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L ≤ D ≤ 3.5m prevents the width of the box from being too large, facilitating handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0040] In some embodiments, 2m≤D≤3m, which can further take into account the volume energy density of the energy storage device and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple battery cells arranged along the height of the housing. Along the height of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the sum of the sizes of the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged within the battery compartment is H2, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 0.95. H2 / H1 ≥ 0.6 ensures that the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged along the height of the housing account for a significant portion of the size within the battery compartment along the height of the housing. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment along the height of the housing and reduces the gap between the outer shells of two adjacent battery cells in the height of the housing. This helps increase the volume ratio of the outer shells of all battery cells within the battery compartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. H2 / H1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient mounting margins in the height of the housing to accommodate multiple battery cells, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells.

[0042] In some embodiments, 0.7≤H2 / H1≤0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery cells in the height direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells in the height direction of the housing.

[0043] In some embodiments, the outer shell of each battery cell has a dimension of H3 along the height of the housing, and N4 battery cells are arranged within the battery compartment, satisfying the following equation: H2 = H3 * N4. This ensures that the outer shells of multiple battery cells have equal dimensions along the height of the housing, effectively reducing the probability of space waste caused by varying dimensions of the battery cell outer shells along the height of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells of the same specification can be arranged along the height of the housing, improving assembly efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs of the energy storage device.

[0044] In some embodiments, 0.07 ≤ H3 / H1 ≤ 0.12. H3 / H1 ≥ 0.07 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment along the height direction of the housing. Given a certain dimension of the battery compartment along the height direction of the housing, the number of battery cells accommodated within the battery compartment along the height direction of the housing can be reduced, reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells, thereby facilitating an improvement in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. H3 / H1 ≤ 0.12 ensures that the outer shell of the battery cell accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment along the height direction of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells.

[0045] In some embodiments, 0.08≤H3 / H1≤0.1, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reduce the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0046] In some embodiments, 0.17m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.6m. H3 ≥ 0.17m allows the battery cell housing to be larger along the height of the housing, which helps increase the proportion of the battery cell housing within the battery compartment along the height of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. H3 ≤ 0.6m allows the battery cell housing to be less than excessively large along the height of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell.

[0047] In some embodiments, 0.2m≤H3≤0.45m. This is beneficial for further improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device and reducing the manufacturing cost of battery cells.

[0048] In some embodiments, the dimension H of the housing along its height satisfies the following: 0.55 ≤ H1 / H ≤ 0.85. H1 / H ≥ 0.55 ensures that the battery compartment accounts for a larger proportion of the housing along its height. Increasing the height of the battery compartment provides more space for battery cells, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. H1 / H ≤ 0.85 ensures that the height of the housing not occupied by the battery compartment is sufficient, providing the housing with sufficient structural strength.

[0049] In some embodiments, 0.65≤H1 / H≤0.78. This can take into account both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing, thereby improving both the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the structural strength of the housing.

[0050] In some embodiments, 1.5m ≤ H ≤ 3.5m. H ≥ 1.5m allows the height of the box to be larger, allowing the battery compartment to be larger in that direction, which helps increase the proportion of the battery compartment in the box along the height direction and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. H ≤ 3.5m allows the height of the box to be smaller, facilitating handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0051] In some embodiments, 2m≤H≤3m, which can further take into account the volume energy density of the energy storage device and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery compartment contains at least one battery, which includes multiple battery cells. During assembly, the multiple battery cells can be assembled into a battery before the battery is installed in the battery compartment. A battery composed of multiple battery cells is larger, easier to install in the battery compartment, and has higher assembly efficiency.

[0053] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the length of the housing; along the length of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is L4, satisfying the following: 0.7≤L4 / L1≤0.96. The battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the length of the housing, so that the size of a single battery along the length of the housing is not too large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the batteries. L4 / L1≥0.7 ensures that the multiple batteries arranged along the length of the housing account for a larger proportion of the battery compartment's length along the length of the housing, fully utilizing the space in the battery compartment along the length of the housing and reducing the gap between adjacent batteries along the length of the housing, which is beneficial for increasing the volume ratio of all batteries in the battery compartment and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L4 / L1≤0.96 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient installation margin along the length of the housing to accommodate multiple batteries, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0054] In some embodiments, 0.78≤L4 / L1≤0.91. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing.

[0055] In some embodiments, along the length of the housing, each battery has a size of L5, and N5 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying the following: L4 = L5 * N5. This ensures that the dimensions of the multiple batteries along the length of the housing are equal, effectively reducing the probability of space waste caused by different battery sizes along the length of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries of the same specification can be arranged along the length of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device.

[0056] In some embodiments, 1m≤L5≤1.5m, and 2≤N5≤6. Thus, along the length of the case, each battery is relatively large, and the number of batteries is not excessive. This can reduce the space occupied by components other than the battery cells, and is beneficial for increasing the proportion of the battery compartment's length along the case's length by the multiple batteries arranged along the case.

[0057] In some embodiments, along the length direction of the case, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the size of the battery is L5, satisfying: 0.8≤L5 / L1≤0.99. The battery compartment only accommodates one battery along the length direction of the case, which is beneficial to improving the utilization of the space of the battery compartment along the length direction of the case. L5 / L1≥0.8 makes the size of the battery in the battery compartment along the length direction of the case account for a larger proportion, and makes full use of the space of the battery compartment in the length direction of the case, which is beneficial to increasing the volume proportion of all batteries in the battery compartment and improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device. L5 / L1≤0.99 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient installation margin for installing batteries in the length direction of the case, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0058] In some embodiments, 0.85≤L5 / L1≤0.93. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing.

[0059] In some embodiments, 4m ≤ L5 ≤ 8m. L5 ≥ 4m allows the battery to be larger along the length of the housing, allowing more battery cells to be arranged along the length of the housing, thereby meeting the high energy requirements of the energy storage device. L5 ≤ 8m allows the battery to be smaller along the length of the housing, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery.

[0060] In some embodiments, 5.5m≤L5≤6.8m, which takes into account the large energy storage device and the economical and convenient installation requirements of the battery.

[0061] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the width of the housing; along the width of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is D4, satisfying the following: 0.7 ≤ D4 / D1 ≤ 0.96. The battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the width of the housing, so that the size of a single battery along the width of the housing is not excessively large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the batteries. D4 / D1 ≥ 0.7 ensures that the multiple batteries arranged along the width of the housing account for a significant portion of the battery compartment's width, fully utilizing the space in the battery compartment along the width of the housing and reducing the gap between adjacent batteries along the width of the housing. This helps increase the volumetric proportion of all batteries in the battery compartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. D4 / D1 ≤ 0.96 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient mounting margin in the width of the housing to accommodate multiple batteries, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0062] In some embodiments, 0.78≤D4 / D1≤0.91. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the width direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the width direction of the housing.

[0063] In some embodiments, each battery has a size D5 along the width of the housing, and N6 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying the following: D4 = D5 * N6. This ensures that the dimensions of the multiple batteries along the width of the housing are equal, effectively reducing the probability of space waste caused by different battery sizes along the width of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries of the same specification can be arranged along the width of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device.

[0064] In some embodiments, 1m ≤ D5 ≤ 1.5m, and 2 ≤ N6 ≤ 3. Thus, along the width direction of the box, each battery is larger in size, and the number of batteries is not excessive. This can reduce the space occupied by components other than the battery cells in the battery compartment, and is beneficial for increasing the size proportion of the multiple batteries arranged along the width direction of the box in the battery compartment along the width direction of the box.

[0065] In some embodiments, along the width direction of the case, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the size of the battery is D5, satisfying: 0.8≤D5 / D1≤0.99. The battery compartment only accommodates one battery along the width direction of the case, which is beneficial to improving the utilization of the space of the battery compartment along the width direction of the case. D5 / D1≥0.8 makes the size of the battery in the battery compartment along the width direction of the case account for a larger proportion, and makes full use of the space of the battery compartment in the width direction of the case, which is beneficial to increasing the volume proportion of all batteries in the battery compartment and improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device. D5 / D1≤0.99 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient installation margin for installing batteries in the width direction of the case, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0066] In some embodiments, 0.85≤D5 / D1≤0.93. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the width direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the width direction of the housing.

[0067] In some embodiments, 1.5m≤D5≤2.5m. D5≥1.5m allows the battery to be larger along the width of the housing, allowing more battery cells to be arranged along the width of the housing, thereby meeting the high energy requirements of the energy storage device. D5≤2.5m allows the battery to be smaller along the width of the housing, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery.

[0068] In some embodiments, 1.7m≤D5≤2.3m, which takes into account the large energy of the energy storage device and the economical and convenient installation requirements of the battery.

[0069] In some embodiments, the battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the height of the housing; along the height of the housing, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is H4, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ H4 / H1 ≤ 0.99. The battery compartment accommodates multiple batteries arranged along the height of the housing, so that the size of a single battery along the height of the housing is not excessively large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the batteries. When H4 / H1 ≥ 0.6, the multiple batteries arranged along the height of the housing account for a significant proportion of the height of the battery compartment within the battery compartment, fully utilizing the space in the battery compartment along the height of the housing and reducing the gap between adjacent batteries in the height of the housing. This helps increase the volumetric proportion of all batteries in the battery compartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. When H4 / H1 ≤ 0.99, the battery compartment has sufficient mounting margin in the height of the housing to accommodate multiple batteries, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0070] In some embodiments, 0.7≤H4 / H1≤0.92. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the height direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the height direction of the housing.

[0071] In some embodiments, each battery has a size of H5 along the height of the housing, and N7 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying the following: H4 = H5 * N7. This ensures that the dimensions of the multiple batteries along the height of the housing are equal, effectively reducing the probability of space waste caused by different battery dimensions along the height of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries of the same specification can be arranged along the height of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device.

[0072] In some embodiments, 0.2m≤H5≤0.3m, and 2≤N7≤10. Thus, along the height direction of the box, each battery is larger in size, and the number of batteries is not excessive. This can reduce the space occupied by battery components other than the battery cells, and is beneficial for increasing the proportion of the battery compartment's height along the box's height by the multiple batteries arranged along the box's height.

[0073] In some embodiments, along the height direction of the case, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the size of the battery is H5, satisfying: 0.8≤H5 / H1≤0.99. The battery compartment only accommodates one battery along the height direction of the case, which is beneficial to improving the utilization of the space of the battery compartment along the height direction of the case. H5 / H1≥0.8 makes the size of the battery in the battery compartment along the height direction of the case account for a larger proportion, fully utilizing the space of the battery compartment in the height direction of the case, which is beneficial to increasing the volume ratio of all batteries in the battery compartment and improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device. H5 / H1≤0.99 ensures that the battery compartment has sufficient installation margin for installing batteries in the height direction of the case, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0074] In some embodiments, 0.85≤H5 / H1≤0.93. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the height direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the height direction of the housing.

[0075] In some embodiments, 1.5m ≤ H5 ≤ 2.5m. H5 ≥ 1.5m allows the battery to be larger along the height of the housing, and the battery cells in the battery to be larger along the height of the housing, thereby meeting the high energy requirements of the energy storage device. H5 ≤ 2.5m allows the battery to be smaller along the height of the housing, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery.

[0076] In some embodiments, 1.7m≤H5≤2.3m, which takes into account the large energy of the energy storage device and the economical and convenient installation requirements of the battery.

[0077] In some embodiments, the battery compartment includes multiple sub-compartments arranged along the length of the housing, each sub-compartment containing at least one battery. Dividing the battery compartment into multiple sub-compartments, each containing a battery, allows for more regular placement of the batteries within the compartment, making battery installation easier.

[0078] In some embodiments, the volume of a sub-compartment is V4, and the sum of the volumes of the batteries within the sub-compartments is V5, satisfying the following: 0.75 ≤ V5 / V4 ≤ 0.95. V5 / V4 ≥ 0.75 results in a relatively large volumetric proportion of all batteries within the sub-compartments, thereby improving sub-compartment space utilization and facilitating an increase in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. V5 / V4 ≤ 0.95 also minimizes the volumetric proportion of all batteries within the sub-compartments, reducing the assembly precision requirements for batteries within the sub-compartments and effectively keeping the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device within a reasonable range.

[0079] In some embodiments, 0.82≤V5 / V4≤0.9. This takes into account both the volumetric energy density requirement and the economic requirement of the energy storage device, which is beneficial to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device and improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0080] In some embodiments, along the length of the box, each sub-compartment only accommodates one battery, which helps to increase the battery's proportion in the sub-compartment along the length of the box and improve the utilization of the sub-compartment's space along the length of the box.

[0081] In some embodiments, along the length of the housing, the subcompartment dimension L6 and the battery dimension L5 satisfy the following: 0.85 ≤ L5 / L6 ≤ 0.99. L5 / L6 ≥ 0.85 ensures that the battery accounts for a significant portion of the subcompartment's length along the housing, fully utilizing the subcompartment's space along the housing's length. This helps increase the volumetric ratio of all batteries within the subcompartment and improves the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. L5 / L6 ≤ 0.99 ensures sufficient margin for battery installation along the housing's length, reducing the difficulty of battery installation.

[0082] In some embodiments, 0.88≤L5 / L6≤0.95. This balances the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device and the ease of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device while further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery in the length direction of the housing.

[0083] In some embodiments, along the width direction of the box, each sub-compartment only accommodates one battery, which is beneficial for increasing the battery's proportion in the sub-compartment along the width direction of the box and improving the utilization of the sub-compartment space along the width direction of the box.

[0084] In some embodiments, the sub-compartments accommodate multiple batteries along the height direction of the box body, thereby reducing the size of a single battery in the height direction of the box body and reducing the difficulty and cost of manufacturing the batteries.

[0085] In some embodiments, the number of sub-compartments is less than or equal to 4. In this way, fewer partitioning components are used to separate two adjacent sub-compartments in the battery compartment, which reduces the space occupied by the partitioning components in the battery compartment, provides more space for the batteries, and improves the space utilization of the battery compartment.

[0086] In some embodiments, the volume of the battery is V6, and the sum of the volumes of the housings of the battery's multiple battery cells is V7, satisfying the following: 0.5 ≤ V7 / V6 ≤ 0.8. V7 / V6 ≥ 0.5 ensures that the volume of all battery cells in the battery accounts for a larger proportion of the battery, improving the utilization of the battery's internal space and facilitating an increase in the battery's volumetric energy density, thereby increasing the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device. V7 / V6 ≤ 0.8 ensures that the volume of all battery cells in the battery does not exceed an excessive proportion, providing more space for other battery components and reducing the difficulty of battery assembly and manufacturing costs.

[0087] In some embodiments, 0.58 ≤ V7 / V6 ≤ 0.7. This balances the volumetric energy density of the battery with the economical and easy assembly requirements. This is beneficial for further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery and reducing the assembly difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery.

[0088] In some embodiments, the number of battery cells is N8, and the volume of each battery cell's housing is V3, satisfying the following: V7 = V3 * N8. This ensures that the volumes of the housings of all battery cells are equal, allowing the use of battery cells of the same specifications. This improves battery assembly efficiency and reduces the amount of space wasted due to varying cell specifications.

[0089] In some embodiments, the battery includes p*q battery cells, which are arranged in p rows and q columns. Each row of battery cells is arranged along the length of the box, and each column of battery cells is arranged along the width of the box. Both p and q are positive integers. In this way, all battery cells of the battery are arranged in a rectangular array, which helps improve the space utilization of the battery.

[0090] In some embodiments, in each row of battery cells, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells of q battery cells along the length of the battery case is L7, and the dimension of the battery along the length of the battery case is L5, satisfying the following: 0.8 ≤ L7 / L5 ≤ 0.95. L7 / L5 ≥ 0.8 ensures that the outer shells of each row of battery cells account for a relatively large proportion of the battery case's length, fully utilizing the battery's lengthwise space and reducing the gap between the outer shells of two adjacent battery cells along the length of the battery case. This helps increase the volumetric proportion of the outer shells of all battery cells within the battery and improves the battery's volumetric energy density. L7 / L5 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the outer shells of each row of battery cells along the length of the battery case do not account for an excessively large proportion of the battery case's length, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0091] In some embodiments, 0.85 ≤ L7 / L5 ≤ 0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the battery, the manufacturing difficulty, and the economic requirements of the battery. This is conducive to further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0092] In some embodiments, along the length of the battery case, the outer shell dimension of each battery cell is L3, satisfying the following: L3 = L7 / q, 0.17m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6m, and 1 ≤ q ≤ 5. L3 = L7 / q ensures that the outer shell dimensions of the battery cells in each row of the battery are equal along the length of the case, allowing the battery cells in each row to have the same specifications. Furthermore, 0.17m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6m, and 1 ≤ q ≤ 5, allow each battery cell in each row to be larger, while minimizing the number of batteries. This reduces the space occupied by the outer shell walls along the length of the case, facilitating a greater proportion of the outer shell dimensions of each row of battery cells along the length of the battery case, thereby improving the battery's space utilization and thereby increasing the battery's volumetric energy density.

[0093] In some embodiments, q=4, 0.2m≤L3≤0.3m. When there are four battery cells in each row, the size of the battery cell housing is controlled within the range of 0.2m to 0.3m, so that the battery has a higher volume energy density.

[0094] In some embodiments, q=2, 0.4m≤L3≤0.6m. When there are two battery cells in each row of battery cells, the size of the battery cell housing is controlled within the range of 0.4m≤L3≤0.6m, so that the battery has a higher volume energy density.

[0095] In some embodiments, in each column of battery cells, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells of p battery cells along the width of the battery case is D7, and the dimension of the battery along the width of the battery case is D5, satisfying the following: 0.75 ≤ D7 / D5 ≤ 0.95. D7 / D5 ≥ 0.75 ensures that the outer shells of each column of battery cells account for a relatively large proportion of the battery case's width, fully utilizing the battery's space along the width of the battery case and reducing the gap between the outer shells of two adjacent battery cells along the width of the battery case. This helps increase the volume ratio of the outer shells of all battery cells within the battery and improves the battery's volumetric energy density. D7 / D5 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the outer shells of each column of battery cells along the width of the battery case do not account for an excessively large proportion of the battery case's width, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0096] In some embodiments, 0.82≤D7 / D5≤0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the battery, the manufacturing difficulty, and the economic requirements of the battery. This is conducive to further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0097] In some embodiments, along the width of the battery case, the outer shell dimension of each battery cell is D3, satisfying the following: D3 = D7 / p, 0.04m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.12m, and 20 ≤ p ≤ 30. D3 = D7 / p ensures that the outer shell dimensions of the battery cells in each column of the battery along the width of the battery case are equal, allowing the battery cells in each column to be of the same specifications. Furthermore, 0.04m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.12m, and 20 ≤ p ≤ 30 allow each battery cell in each column to be larger, while the number of batteries is not excessive. This reduces the space occupied by the outer shell walls along the width of the battery case, facilitating an increase in the proportion of the outer shell dimensions of each column of battery cells along the width of the battery case, thereby improving the battery's space utilization and thereby increasing the battery's volumetric energy density.

[0098] In some embodiments, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m, and 24≤p≤28. Such a battery has a high volume energy density.

[0099] In some embodiments, the dimension of the battery cell outer shell along the height direction of the casing is H3, and the dimension of the battery along the height direction of the casing is H5, satisfying the following: 0.75 ≤ H3 / H5 ≤ 0.95. H3 / H5 ≥ 0.75 ensures that the battery cell outer shell accounts for a relatively large proportion of the battery along the height direction of the casing, fully utilizing the battery space along the height direction of the casing, facilitating an increase in the volume ratio of the outer shells of all battery cells within the battery and thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery. H3 / H5 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery cell outer shell accounts for a relatively small proportion of the battery along the height direction of the casing, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0100] In some embodiments, 0.82 ≤ H3 / H5 ≤ 0.9. This balances the volumetric energy density of the battery, the manufacturing difficulty, and the economic requirements of the battery. This is conducive to further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0101] In some embodiments, 0.17m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.6m. H3 ≥ 0.17m allows the outer shell of the battery cell to be larger along the height of the housing, which helps increase the proportion of the outer shell of the battery cell along the height of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell. H3 ≤ 0.6m allows the outer shell of the battery cell to be less than excessive along the height of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell.

[0102] In some embodiments, 0.2m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.45m. This balances the volumetric energy density of the battery, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery, and the economic requirements of the battery. This is conducive to further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery.

[0103] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes at least one electrode assembly, which is housed in a shell; the shell is in the shape of a right parallelepiped, the size of the shell in the first direction is W1, the size of the shell in the second direction is T1, and the size of the shell in the third direction is K1, one of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is parallel to the length direction of the box, another is parallel to the width direction of the box, and the third is parallel to the height direction of the box; the shell includes a first wall and a second wall arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, a third wall and a fourth wall arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, and a fifth wall and a sixth wall arranged opposite to each other along the third direction, the sum of the thicknesses of the first wall and the second wall is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall and the fourth wall is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall and the sixth wall is c, satisfying: (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.9. In such a battery cell, the ratio of the volume of the internal space of the battery cell shell to the volume of the shell is above 0.9, so that the internal space of the shell accounts for a larger proportion, and the space of the shell that can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly is increased. Under the same chemical system, the volume energy density of the battery cell can be improved.

[0104] In some embodiments, (W1-a) / W1≥0.97, (T1-b) / T1≥0.965, and (K1-c) / K1≥0.965. This can increase the proportion of the internal space of the housing in three dimensions, further increasing the volumetric energy density of the battery cell.

[0105] In some embodiments, the housing includes a casing and an end cap. The casing has an opening, the end cap is engaged with the opening, and the end cap is provided with an electrode terminal. The casing includes a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall, and a fifth wall that are integrally formed, and the end cap serves as the sixth wall. When assembling the battery, the electrode terminal can be first mounted on the end cap, the electrode assembly can then be accommodated within the casing, and the end cap can then be engaged with the opening of the casing. This can reduce the difficulty of installing the electrode assembly within the casing and the difficulty of installing the electrode terminal on the casing.

[0106] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a first insulating member and a second insulating member. The first insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the fifth wall; the second insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the sixth wall. The maximum dimension of the first insulating member in the third direction is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating member in the third direction is e2, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm. This increases the space within the housing for the electrode assembly, allowing for the accommodation of a larger electrode assembly, thereby further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell.

[0107] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a first insulating member and a second insulating member. The first insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the fifth wall; the second insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the sixth wall. The maximum dimension of the first insulating member in the third direction is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating member in the third direction is e2, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm. This increases the space within the housing for the electrode assembly, allowing for the accommodation of a larger electrode assembly, thereby further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell.

[0108] In some embodiments, W1 ≥ T1, the first direction is parallel to the length of the housing, the second direction is parallel to the width of the housing, and the third direction is parallel to the height of the housing. If only one end of the housing is provided with an end cap and W1 ≥ T1, the end cap and the fifth wall of the housing are arranged relative to each other along the height of the housing, the first and second walls of the housing are arranged relative to each other along the length of the housing, and the third and fourth walls of the housing are arranged relative to each other along the width of the housing. This is beneficial for increasing the volume share of all battery cells within the battery compartment.

[0109] In some embodiments, the outer shell includes a shell and two end covers, the shell has two openings arranged opposite to each other along a third direction, the two end covers respectively cover the two openings, and at least one end cover is provided with an electrode terminal; the shell includes an integrally formed first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall, and the two end covers are respectively the fifth wall and the sixth wall.

[0110] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a third insulating member and a fourth insulating member. The third insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the fifth wall; the fourth insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the sixth wall. The maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member in the third direction is e4, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm. This increases the space within the housing for the electrode assembly, allowing for the accommodation of a larger electrode assembly, thereby further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell.

[0111] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a third insulating member and a fourth insulating member. The third insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the fifth wall; the fourth insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts the sixth wall. The maximum dimension of the third insulating member in the third direction is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member in the third direction is e4, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm. This increases the space within the housing for the electrode assembly, allowing for the accommodation of a larger electrode assembly, thereby further improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell.

[0112] In some embodiments, W1 ≥ T1, the first direction is parallel to the height of the housing, the second direction is parallel to the width of the housing, and the third direction is parallel to the length of the housing. When end caps are provided at both ends of the housing and W1 ≥ T1, the two end caps are arranged along the length of the housing, the first and second walls of the housing are arranged along the height of the housing, and the third and fourth walls of the housing are arranged opposite each other along the width of the housing. This helps to increase the volume share of all battery cells within the battery compartment.

[0113] In some embodiments, 0.003 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.04m 3 W1*T1*K1≥0.003m 3 , so that the wall thickness of the shell is not too small while the ratio of the volume of the internal space of the shell to the volume of the shell is above 0.9, thereby meeting the structural strength requirements of the shell; W1*T1*K1≤0.04m 3 , the capacity and current of the battery cell can be controlled within an appropriate range, reducing the risk of damage to overcurrent components in the circuit.

[0114] In some embodiments, 0.0032 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.032m 3 It takes into account both the structural strength of the shell and the heat generation requirements of the battery cells, further improving the structural strength of the shell and reducing the risk of damage to overcurrent components in the circuit.

[0115] In some embodiments, 0.00372 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.0125m 3 .

[0116] In some embodiments, 0.004 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.006m 3 .

[0117] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of a battery cell includes a lithium-containing phosphate, the capacity of the battery cell is C, and the following conditions are satisfied: C ≥ 350 Ah, and C / (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) ≥ 118 Ah / L. When the positive electrode material of the battery cell includes a lithium-containing phosphate and C ≥ 350 Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to above 118 Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the battery cell housing, facilitating achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the battery cell housing to the volume of the housing of 0.9 or greater.

[0118] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery cell includes a lithium transition metal oxide, and the capacity of the battery cell is C, satisfying the following conditions: C ≥ 650 Ah, and C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) ≥ 190 Ah / L. When the positive electrode material of the battery cell includes a lithium transition metal oxide and C ≥ 650 Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to be greater than 190 Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the battery cell housing, which is conducive to achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the battery cell housing to the volume of the housing of 0.9 or greater.

[0119] In some embodiments, the battery cell is a sodium-ion battery cell, and the capacity of the battery cell is C, satisfying the following conditions: C ≥ 260 Ah, and C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) ≥ 87 Ah / L. When the battery cell is a sodium-ion battery cell and C ≥ 260 Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to be greater than 87 Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the battery cell housing, which is conducive to achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the battery cell housing to the volume of the housing of 0.9 or greater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0120] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0121] FIG1 is an axonometric diagram of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0122] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage device shown in FIG1 ;

[0123] FIG3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the energy storage device shown in FIG2 ;

[0124] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the box shown in FIG2 ;

[0125] FIG5 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0126] FIG6 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0127] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0128] FIG8 is a BB cross-sectional view of the energy storage device shown in FIG7 ;

[0129] FIG9 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0130] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device provided in yet other embodiments of the present application;

[0131] FIG11 is a CC cross-sectional view of the energy storage device shown in FIG10 ;

[0132] FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of an energy storage device provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0133] FIG13 is a structural view of an energy storage device provided in some further embodiments of the present application;

[0134] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of the box shown in FIG13;

[0135] FIG15 is a DD cross-sectional view of the energy storage device shown in FIG13 ;

[0136] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0137] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of the battery shown in FIG16 ;

[0138] FIG18 is an axonometric view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0139] FIG19 is an exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG18 ;

[0140] FIG20 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG18 taken along the UW plane;

[0141] FIG21 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG18 taken along the VW plane;

[0142] FIG22 is an axonometric view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0143] FIG23 is an exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG22 ;

[0144] FIG24 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG22 taken along the UW plane;

[0145] FIG25 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the battery cell shown in FIG22 taken along the VW plane.

[0146] Icons: 1-box; 11-battery compartment; 111-sub-compartment; 112-partition; 113-support; 13-thermal management compartment; 15-main control compartment; 2-battery; 21-battery cell; 211-housing; 2111-shell; 2112-end cover; 2112a-outer surface of the end cover; 2112b-convex hull; 2113-first wall; 2114-second wall; 2115-third wall; 2116-fourth wall; 2117-fifth wall; 2118- Sixth wall; 212-electrode terminal; 213-electrode assembly; 2131-ear; 214-first insulating member; 215-second insulating member; 216-third insulating member; 217-fourth insulating member; 22-battery box; 221-first part; 222-second part; 23-bus component; 10-energy storage device; U-first direction; V-second direction; W-third direction; X-length direction of the box; Y-width direction of the box; Z-height direction of the box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0147] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0148] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary-secondary relationship.

[0149] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0150] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0151] The term "and / or" in this application simply describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0152] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components in different embodiments are omitted. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of this application, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0153] The term "plurality" used in this application refers to two or more (including two).

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0155] Battery cells include but are not limited to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.

[0156] A battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly. This assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process, active ions (such as lithium ions) move back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes. A separator, placed between the positive and negative electrodes, reduces the risk of short circuits while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0157] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0158] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0159] As an example, the positive electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel or titanium, etc. may be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0160] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and modified compounds thereof. However, this application is not limited to these materials; other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used singly or in combination of two or more.

[0161] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0162] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a metal foam, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum or stainless steel with a silver surface treatment, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium can be used. The metal foam can be nickel foam, copper foam, aluminum foam, alloy foam, or carbon foam. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0163] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0164] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces facing each other in its thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two facing surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0165] As an example, the negative electrode active material may adopt the negative electrode active material for battery cells that is well known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, etc. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other traditional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0166] In some embodiments, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum, and the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper.

[0167] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure.

[0168] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure.

[0169] An energy storage device is a device that integrates multiple battery cells within a housing. These cells are connected in series, parallel, or hybrid to store electrical energy. Energy storage devices can be used in power systems to store excess energy during off-peak periods to supplement peak demand.

[0170] A typical energy storage device contains multiple batteries, each comprising a battery box and multiple battery cells contained within the box. The space utilization efficiency of all the batteries within the battery compartment of the box is low, and / or the space utilization efficiency of all the battery cells within the box is also low. This results in low space utilization of all the battery cells within the battery compartment of the energy storage device, and a low volumetric energy density of the energy storage device.

[0171] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, which sets the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the outer shells of all battery cells in the battery compartment to the volume of the battery compartment within the range of 0.4 to 0.95, so that the volume of the outer shells of all battery cells in the battery compartment accounts for a larger proportion, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery compartment, which is conducive to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device.

[0172] The specific structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0173] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1 is an axonometric view of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device 10 shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the energy storage device 10 shown in Figure 2; and Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the housing 1 shown in Figure 2. An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device 10, comprising a housing 1 and a plurality of battery cells 21. The housing 1 has a battery compartment 11, and the plurality of battery cells 21 are accommodated in the battery compartment 11. The battery cells 21 include a housing 211 and an electrode terminal 212, and the electrode terminal 212 is provided on the housing 211. The volume of the battery compartment 11 is V1, the sum of the volumes of the housings 211 of the plurality of battery cells 21 is V2, and 0.4≤V2 / V1≤0.95.

[0174] The housing 1 can be a standard component that meets the international standards established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), or a non-standard component. The housing 1 can also be referred to as a container, and the energy storage device 10 can also be referred to as an energy storage container. The housing 1 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder or a prism. Prisms can be triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, or hexagonal. As an example, in Figures 1-4, the housing 1 is a quadrangular prism. Specifically, the housing 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0175] The battery compartment 11 is a space inside the box body 1 for accommodating battery cells 21. The battery compartment 11 can accommodate only battery cells 21, or it can accommodate other components in addition to battery cells 21, such as fire protection components, thermal management components, partitions, etc. Fire protection components may include pipes, detectors, etc. Thermal management components may be water-cooled plates. Partitions may be plates, beams, etc. After partitions are set in the battery compartment 11, the battery compartment 11 can be divided into multiple spaces, each of which is used to accommodate battery cells 21. The battery compartment 11 can be of various shapes, such as cylindrical, prism-shaped, etc. As an example, in Figures 1 to 4, the battery compartment 11 is in the shape of a quadrangular prism. Specifically, the battery compartment 11 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. Taking the rectangular parallelepiped as an example, an opening is formed on at least one side of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the box body, and the battery cells 21 can enter the battery compartment 11 through the opening. A door leaf may be provided on the opening side of the battery compartment 11 , and the door leaf may be slidably connected to the box body 1 , hingedly connected, etc., so as to open or close the opening of the battery compartment 11 by sliding or rotating.

[0176] The volume of the battery compartment 11 can be measured in a variety of ways. For a regularly shaped battery compartment 11, taking a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, the length, width, and height of the battery compartment 11 can be measured separately using a measuring tool, and the volume V1 of the battery compartment 11 can be calculated based on the measured length, width, and height of the battery compartment 11. It can be understood that V1 is the product of the length, width, and height of the battery compartment 11. The measuring tool can be a ruler. It should be noted that if the walls of the battery compartment 11 are flat, the length, width, and height of the battery compartment 11 are measured based on the walls; if a protrusion or recess is formed on a wall of the battery compartment 11, the length, width, and height of the battery compartment 11 are measured based on the flat area of ​​the wall. For an irregularly shaped battery compartment 11, it is difficult to calculate the volume of the battery compartment 11 by measuring the outer dimensions of the battery compartment 11. The volume of the battery compartment 11 can be measured using the filling method. The specific method is as follows: fill the battery compartment 11 with plastic pellets. The material of the plastic pellets can be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), with a particle size of 0.5mm-1.5mm and a density of 0.94g / cm 3 -0.96g / cm 3 The total volume of the plastic pellets in the battery compartment 11 is measured using a measuring container to obtain the volume V1 of the battery compartment 11. Of course, when measuring the total volume of the plastic pellets, the total weight of the plastic pellets in the battery compartment 11 can also be measured using a weighing device, and the total mass of the plastic pellets in the battery compartment 11 can be calculated. The total volume of the plastic pellets can then be calculated using the formula: total volume of plastic pellets = total mass of plastic pellets / density of plastic pellets, thereby obtaining the volume V1 of the battery compartment 11.

[0177] Only a battery compartment 11 may be formed in the housing 1, and in addition to the battery compartment 11, a space for accommodating other components may also be formed in the housing 1. As an example, the housing 1 may also include a thermal management compartment 13 and a main control compartment 15. The thermal management compartment 13 may accommodate a water cooling unit, which is used to provide a fluid medium for the thermal management components. The main control compartment 15 may be used to accommodate a main control unit, which is used for high-voltage control and communication of multiple battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11. Among them, the housing 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the battery compartment 11 and the main control compartment 15 are arranged along the height direction Z of the housing. The thermal management compartment 13 may be located on one side of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the housing, and the main control compartment 15 may be located at the bottom of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing. In other embodiments, the housing 1 may also include an electrical compartment, which may be used to accommodate a convergence unit, a distribution unit, and a control unit. The confluence unit is used to realize the confluence of multiple battery cells 21 and to achieve a safe connection between the multiple battery cells 21 and the DC side of the energy storage converter (PCS, Power Conversion System). The power distribution unit can draw power from the power grid to power the internal control system and auxiliary system; the control unit may include a battery cell management unit, a fire control unit, etc., for detecting and managing the internal energy storage device. The electrical compartment and the thermal management compartment 13 as a whole can be located on one side of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the box body, and the electrical compartment and the thermal management compartment 13 are arranged along the width direction Y of the box body.

[0178] As an example, the enclosure 1 may include a frame and multiple side panels. The frame may be formed by connecting multiple beams. Along the length (X) of the enclosure, two side panels are provided on either side of the frame. Along the height (Z) of the enclosure, two side panels are provided on either side of the frame. Along the width (Y) of the enclosure, one side of the frame is provided with a side panel, and the other side is used to mount the door leaf. The frame and five side panels together define the interior space of the enclosure 1. Multiple beams or panels may be arranged within this space to divide the space into a battery compartment 11, a thermal management compartment 13, a main control compartment 15, and an electrical compartment.

[0179] In the embodiment of the present application, the height direction Z of the box is parallel to the gravity direction of the box 1, the height direction Z of the box, the width direction Y of the box and the length direction X of the box are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the box 1 is greater than or equal to the width of the box 1.

[0180] The multiple battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. A hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections within the multiple battery cells 21. Multiple battery cells 21 can be directly housed within the battery compartment 11, or multiple battery cells 21 can be combined to form a battery 2, with one or more batteries 2 then housed within the battery compartment 11. For example, if a battery compartment 11 contains multiple batteries 2, multiple battery cells 21 can be assembled into a battery box to form a battery 2, which can then be assembled into the battery compartment 11. Multiple batteries 2 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection.

[0181] The battery cell 21 is the smallest energy storage unit in the energy storage device 10. The battery cell 21 can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a polygonal battery cell, etc. The polygonal battery cell is, for example, a pentagonal battery cell, a hexagonal battery cell, etc.

[0182] Referring to Figure 5 , which is an exploded view of a battery cell 21 according to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 21 further includes an electrode assembly 213 housed within a housing 211 , and an electrode terminal 212 disposed within the housing 211 , electrically connected to the electrode assembly 213 .

[0183] The housing 211 is a component used to house the electrode assembly 213 and electrolyte. The housing 211 can be cylindrical or prismatic. Prisms include triangular prisms, quadrangular prisms, pentagonal prisms, and hexagonal prisms. Quadrangular prisms include oblique quadrangular prisms and right parallelepipeds. Right parallelepipeds include cuboids and cubes. For example, the housing 211 can include a shell 2111 and an end cap 2112.

[0184] The housing 2111 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends. The housing 2111 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder or a prism. The housing 2111 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0185] The end cap 2112 is a component that closes the opening of the shell 2111 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 21 from the external environment. The end cap 2112 and the shell 2111 together define a storage space for accommodating the electrode assembly 213, the electrolyte and other components. The shape of the end cap 2112 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 211. For example, the shell 2111 is a rectangular parallelepiped and the end cap 2112 is a rectangular plate structure adapted to the shell 211. For another example, the shell 2111 is cylindrical and the end cap 2112 is a circular plate structure adapted to the shell 2111. The material of the end cap 2112 can also be a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. The material of the end cap 2112 and the shell 2111 can be the same or different.

[0186] In an embodiment where the housing 2111 is open at one end, one end cap 2112 may be provided. In an embodiment where the housing 2111 is open at two opposite ends, two end caps 2112 may be provided, each of which closes the two openings of the housing 2111, and the two end caps 2112 and the housing 2111 together define a receiving space.

[0187] The electrode terminals 212 are components within the battery cell 21 that input or output electrical energy. They are located on the outer casing 211 and are used to electrically connect to the tabs 2131 of the electrode assembly 213. The electrode terminals 212 can be located on the housing 2111 of the outer casing 211 or on the end caps 2112 of the outer casing 211. The electrode terminals 212 and tabs 2131 can be connected directly, for example, by direct welding. Alternatively, they can be connected indirectly via current collecting components, which can be metal conductors such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, or aluminum alloys.

[0188] As an example, as shown in Figure 5, the shell 2111 is a hollow structure with an opening at one end. There is only one end cover 2112 in the shell 211, and the end cover 2112 closes the opening of the shell 2111. Two electrode terminals 212 are provided on the end cover 2112. The electrode terminals 212 partially protrude from the outer surface 2112a of the end cover. A positive electrode ear and a negative electrode ear are formed on the end of the electrode assembly 213 facing the end cover 2112. The positive electrode ear and the negative electrode ear are electrically connected to the two electrode terminals 212, respectively.

[0189] For example, if the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is rectangular and the battery compartment 11 is rectangular, the outer shell 211 has a length, a width, and a height. The length of the outer shell 211 is greater than or equal to the width of the outer shell 211, and the electrode terminal 212 is located at one end of the height direction of the outer shell 211. After the multiple battery cells 21 are accommodated in the battery compartment 11, one of the length, width, and height directions of the outer shell 211 can be parallel to the length direction X of the compartment, another can be parallel to the width direction Y of the compartment, and yet another can be parallel to the height direction Z of the compartment.

[0190] The volumes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11 can be equal, for example, all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11 are battery cells 21 of the same specification, i.e., all battery cells 21 have the same length, width, and height. The volumes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11 can also be at least two different, for example, all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11 are composed of battery cells 21 of multiple specifications. V2 is the sum of the volumes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11. If the volumes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 are equal, the volume of the outer shell 211 of a single battery cell 21 can be measured and then V2 can be calculated by multiplying the volume of the outer shell 211 of that battery cell 21 by the number of battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11. If the volumes of the outer shells 211 of at least two battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 are not equal, for example, the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 are composed of two outer shells 211 of different volumes, the volume of the outer shell 211 of the first type of battery cell 21 can be measured first, and the volume of the outer shell 211 of the first type of battery cell 21 can be multiplied by the number of the first type of battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 to obtain a first total volume, and then the volume of the outer shell 211 of the second type of battery cell 21 can be measured, and the volume of the outer shell 211 of the second type of battery cell 21 can be multiplied by the number of the second type of battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 to obtain a second total volume. The sum of the first total volume and the second total volume is V2.

[0191] The volume of the housing 211 of the battery cell 21 can be measured in a variety of ways. For a regularly shaped housing 211, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, the length, width, and height of the housing 211 can be measured separately using a measuring tool. The volume of the housing 211 can be calculated based on the measured length, width, and height of the housing 211. It is understood that the product of the length, width, and height of the housing 211 is the volume of the housing 211. A vernier caliper can be used as the measuring tool. For irregularly shaped housings 211, it is difficult to calculate the volume of the housing 211 by measuring the outer dimensions of the housing 211. In this case, the volume of the housing 211 can be measured using an immersion method. The specific method is as follows: inject liquid into the measuring container and record the volume value X1 corresponding to the liquid level. Gradually immerse the battery cell 21 in the liquid until the outer surface 2112a of the end cap is flush with the liquid level. At this time, the electrode terminal 212 on the end cap 2112 is not immersed in the liquid. Record the volume value X2 corresponding to the liquid level at this time. X2-X1 is the volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21.

[0192] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 6, Figure 6 is an exploded view of a battery cell 21 provided in some other embodiments of the present application. A convex bump 2112b is formed on the end cap 2112, protruding from the outer surface 2112a of the end cap. The volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 does not include the volume of the convex bump 2112b. For example, when measuring the height of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, the distance between the outer surface of the wall of the outer shell 211 facing away from the end cap 2112 and the outer surface 2112a of the end cap is the height of the outer shell 211. The height of the convex bump 2112b is not included in the height of the outer shell 211.

[0193] In this embodiment, V2 / V1 can be any point value of 0.4, 0.43, 0.5, 0.55, 0.57, 0.62, 0.67, 0.71, 0.75, 0.81, 0.85, 0.92, 0.95, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0194] In the embodiment of the present application, V2 / V1 ≤ 0.95, which minimizes the volumetric proportion of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11. This reduces the assembly precision requirements for the energy storage device 10 and effectively keeps the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10 within a reasonable range. V2 / V1 ≥ 0.4, which increases the volumetric proportion of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11, thereby improving the space utilization of the battery compartment 11 and facilitating an increase in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10.

[0195] The following is a detailed description based on specific experimental data:

[0196] In the experiment, the box 1 was a rectangular box 1, with a length, width, and height of 6.058m, 2.438m, and 2.896m, respectively. The battery compartment 11 was rectangular, and the battery cells 21 were square-shell battery cells. All battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 had the same specifications and belonged to the same chemical system. The positive electrode material of the battery cells 21 included lithium iron phosphate. Specific implementation data can be found in Table 1:

[0197] Table 1

[0198] According to Table 1 above, by comparing Examples 1-12 and Comparative Example 1-2, it can be seen that when V2 / V1≥0.4, the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 can be effectively improved.

[0199] In some embodiments, 0.5≤V2 / V1≤0.85.

[0200] In this embodiment, V2 / V1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.5, 0.53, 0.55, 0.57, 0.59, 0.62, 0.65, 0.67, 0.69, 0.71, 0.73, 0.75, 0.77, 0.79, 0.81, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0201] In this embodiment, 0.5≤V2 / V1≤0.85, which takes into account both the volume energy density and economic requirements of the energy storage device 10, is beneficial to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10, and improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10.

[0202] In some embodiments, 0.52≤V2 / V1≤0.75.

[0203] In this embodiment, V2 / V1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.52, 0.53, 0.54, 0.55, 0.56, 0.57, 0.58, 0.59, 0.6, 0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 0.67, 0.68, 0.69, 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0204] In this embodiment, 0.52≤V2 / V1≤0.75, which can control the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10 at a relatively low level and the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 at a relatively high level.

[0205] In some embodiments, the volume of the housing 2111 of each battery cell 21 is V3, and the number of battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 is N1, satisfying: V2=V3*N1.

[0206] As an example, the shell 2111 of the battery cell 21 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the lengths of the shells 2111 of all battery cells 21 are equal, the widths of the shells 2111 of all battery cells 21 are equal, and the heights of the shells 2111 of all battery cells 21 are equal, so that the volumes of the shells 211 of all battery cells 21 are equal.

[0207] Wherein, N1 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. As an example, 2000≤N1≤5000.

[0208] In this embodiment, V2 = V3 * N1, ensuring that the volumes of the housings 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 are equal, allowing battery cells 21 of the same specifications to be used. This improves the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reduces the likelihood of wasted space due to different specifications of battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11.

[0209] In some embodiments, 0.0001≤V3 / V1≤0.00025.

[0210] V3 / V1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.0001, 0.00012, 0.00015, 0.00017, 0.00019, 0.0002, 0.00021, 0.00023, 0.00025, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0211] In the battery compartment 11, if the number of battery cells 21 is too large, the space occupied by the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 and the insulating components inside the outer shell 211 will increase, reducing the effective space of the battery compartment 11. In this embodiment, V3 / V1 ≥ 0.0001, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a larger proportion of the volume within the battery compartment 11. When the volume of the battery compartment 11 is constant, the number of battery cells 21 can be reduced, reducing the probability of reducing the available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells 21, which is beneficial to improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10; V3 / V1 ≤ 0.00025, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 does not account for an excessively large proportion of the volume within the battery compartment 11, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell 21.

[0212] In some embodiments, 0.00015≤V3 / V1≤0.0002.

[0213] In this embodiment, V3 / V1 can be any one of 0.00015, 0.00016, 0.00017, 0.00018, 0.00019, 0.0002, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0214] In this embodiment, 0.00015≤V3 / V1≤0.0002, which takes into account the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery cell 21, and the economic requirements of the battery cell 21, is conducive to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0215] In some embodiments, 0.0026 m 3 ≤V3≤0.008m 3 .

[0216] In this embodiment, V3 can be 0.0026m 3 、0.0028m 3 、0.0031m 3 、0.0035m 3 、0.0038m 3 , 0.004m 3 、0.0042m 3 , 0.0045m 3 、0.0048m 3 , 0.005m 3 、0.0052m 3 、0.0055m 3 、0.0058m 3 , 0.006m 3 、0.0062m 3 、0.0065m 3 、0.0068m 3 , 0.007m 3 、0.0072m 3 、0.0073m 3 , 0.0075m 3 、0.0078m 3 , 0.008m 3 , etc. or the range between any two of them.

[0217] In this embodiment, 0.0026m 3 ≤V3≤0.008m 3 The volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is relatively large, so that the number of battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11 is not too large. Of course, the volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is not too large, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0218] In some embodiments, 0.004 m 3 ≤V3≤0.006m 3 .

[0219] In this embodiment, V3 can be 0.004m 3 , 0.0041m 3 、0.0042m 3 、0.0043m 3 、0.0044m 3 , 0.0045m 3 、0.0046m 3 、0.0047m 3 、0.0048m 3 、0.0049m 3 , 0.005m 3 、0.0051m 3 、0.0052m 3 、0.0053m 3 、0.0054m 3 、0.0055m 3 、0.0056m 3 、0.0057m 3 、0.0058m 3 、0.0059m 3 , 0.006m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0220] In this embodiment, 0.004m 3 ≤V3≤0.006m 3 , it is possible to control the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 at a relatively high level, and to control the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21 at a low level.

[0221] In some embodiments, the volume of the box 1 is V, which satisfies the following: 0.45≤V1 / V≤0.75.

[0222] V1 / V ​​can be any point value among 0.45, 0.48, 0.5, 0.52, 0.55, 0.58, 0.6, 0.62, 0.65, 0.68, 0.7, 0.73, 0.75, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0223] Taking the box body 1 as a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, the length, width and height of the box body 1 can be measured separately by measuring tools, and the volume of the box body 1 can be calculated based on the measured length, width and height of the box body 1. It can be understood that the product of the length, width and height of the box body 1 is the volume V of the box body 1. Among them, the measuring tool can be a ruler. It should be noted that if the outer surface of each box wall of the box body 1 is flat, the length, width and height of the box body 1 are measured based on the outer surface of each box wall; if the outer surface of a box wall of the box body 1 is formed with a protrusion or a recess, the length, width and height of the box body 1 are measured based on the flat area of ​​the outer surface of the box wall.

[0224] In this embodiment, V1 / V ≥ 0.45, allowing the volume of the battery compartment 11 to account for a larger proportion of the volume of the housing 1, increasing the available effective space within the housing 1 and facilitating an improvement in the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. V1 / V ≤ 0.75 prevents the battery compartment 11 from being excessively large, allowing the energy storage device 10 to reserve more installation space for other components, thereby reducing the installation difficulty of these components. These other components may include a main control unit, a water-cooling unit, and the like.

[0225] In some embodiments, 0.55≤V1 / V≤0.65.

[0226] In this embodiment, V1 / V can be any point value among 0.55, 0.56, 0.67, 0.58, 0.59, 0.6, 0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0227] In this embodiment, 0.55≤V1 / V≤0.65, which can take into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the installation convenience requirements of other components of the energy storage device 10.

[0228] In some embodiments, 20m 3 ≤V≤80m 3 .

[0229] In this embodiment, V can be 20m 3 、25m 3 、30m 3 、35m 3 、40m 3 、45m 3 50m 3 、55m 3 、60m 3 、65m 3 、70m 3 75m 3 、80m 3Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0230] In this embodiment, V≥20m 3 , making the volume of the box 1 larger, which is conducive to achieving the large energy requirement of the energy storage device 10 to store more electrical energy; V≤80m 3 , so that the volume of the box body 1 is not too large, which facilitates the handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0231] In some embodiments, 35m 3 ≤V≤50m 3 .

[0232] In this embodiment, V can be 35m 3 、36m 3 、37m 3 、38m 3 、39m 3 、40m 3 、41m 3 、42m 3 、43m 3 、44m 3 、45m 3 、46m 3 、47m 3 、48m 3 、49m 3 50m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0233] In this embodiment, 35m 3 ≤V≤50m 3 , which can further take into account the large energy of the energy storage device 10 and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0234] In some embodiments, referring again to FIG. 2 , the battery compartment 11 contains a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along the length direction X of the compartment. Along the length direction X, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is L1, and the sum of the dimensions of the housings 211 of the plurality of battery cells 21 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is L2, satisfying the following relationship: 0.6 ≤ L2 / L1 ≤ 0.95.

[0235] The dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the housing can be the length of the battery compartment 11. The dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the housing can be measured using a ruler. As an example, the length direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is parallel to the length direction X of the housing. The sum of the dimensions of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the length direction X of the housing within the battery compartment 11 is the sum of the lengths of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21. The dimension of the battery cell 21 along the length direction X of the housing can be measured using a vernier caliper. Among the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the length direction X of the housing, adjacent battery cells 21 can be in direct contact with each other, or intermediate components, such as thermal management components or thermal insulation components, can be provided.

[0236] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment 11 may be all equal, or the sizes of at least two battery cells 21 may be different.

[0237] In this embodiment, L2 / L1 can be any point value of 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0238] In this embodiment, L2 / L1 ≥ 0.6, so that the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment 11 account for a larger proportion of the size of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment. This fully utilizes the space in the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment 11 and reduces the gap between the outer shells 211 of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L2 / L1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment 11 to accommodate multiple battery cells 21, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21.

[0239] In some embodiments, 0.75≤L2 / L1≤0.9.

[0240] In this embodiment, L2 / L1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0241] In this embodiment, 0.75≤L2 / L1≤0.9, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery cells 21 in the longitudinal direction X of the casing. This is beneficial for improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21 in the longitudinal direction X of the casing.

[0242] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the box body, the size of the outer shell 211 of each battery cell 21 is L3, and N2 battery cells 21 are arranged in the battery compartment 11, satisfying: L2=L3*N2.

[0243] Wherein, N2 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0244] In this embodiment, L2 = L3 * N2, ensuring that the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 have the same dimensions along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. This effectively reduces the probability of wasted space due to varying dimensions of the outer shells 211 of the battery cells 21 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells 21 of the same specifications can be arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0245] In some embodiments, 0.03≤L3 / L1≤0.12.

[0246] L3 / L1 can be any one of 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0247] In this embodiment, L3 / L1 ≥ 0.03, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. Given a constant dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, the number of battery cells 21 accommodated within the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells 21, which is beneficial for improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L3 / L1 ≤ 0.12 ensures that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells 21.

[0248] In some embodiments, 0.055≤L3 / L1≤0.09.

[0249] In this embodiment, L3 / L1 can be any one of 0.055, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0250] In this embodiment, 0.055≤L3 / L1≤0.09, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0251] In some embodiments, 0.17 m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6 m.

[0252] In this embodiment, L3 can be any point value of 0.17m, 0.2m, 0.25m, 0.3m, 0.35m, 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m, 0.6m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0253] In this embodiment, L3 ≥ 0.17 m, which allows the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be larger along the longitudinal direction X of the casing. This helps increase the proportion of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 within the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the casing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L3 ≤ 0.6 m prevents the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 from being excessively large along the longitudinal direction X of the casing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell 21.

[0254] In some embodiments, 0.2 m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.45 m.

[0255] In this embodiment, L3 may be any point value of 0.2m, 0.23m, 0.25m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.33m, 0.35m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.43m, 0.45m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0256] In this embodiment, it is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0257] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the box body, the size of the box body 1 is L, which satisfies the following: 0.65≤L1 / L≤0.95.

[0258] The dimension of the box body 1 along the length direction is the length of the box body 1, and the length of the box body 1 can be measured with a ruler.

[0259] In this embodiment, L1 / L may be any point value among 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.95, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0260] When L1 / L ≥ 0.65, the battery compartment 11 occupies a larger proportion of the housing 1 along the longitudinal direction X. Increasing the length of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X provides more space for the battery cells 21, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. When L1 / L ≤ 0.95, the excess space in the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 not occupied by the battery compartment 11 is sufficient, providing sufficient structural strength for the housing 1.

[0261] In some embodiments, 0.75≤L1 / L≤0.9.

[0262] In this embodiment, L1 / L can be any point value of 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0263] In this embodiment, 0.75≤L1 / L≤0.9 can take into account the requirements of the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the structural strength of the box 1, which is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further improving the structural strength of the box 1.

[0264] In some embodiments, 3m≤L≤9m.

[0265] In this embodiment, L can be any point value of 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 7.5m, 8m, 8.5m, 9m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0266] In this embodiment, L ≥ 3 m allows the longitudinal dimension of the housing 1 to be larger, allowing the battery compartment 11 to be larger along the longitudinal dimension X of the housing. This helps increase the proportion of the battery compartment 11 in the longitudinal dimension X of the housing 1, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L ≤ 9 m prevents the longitudinal dimension of the housing 1 from being excessively large, facilitating the handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0267] In some embodiments, 5m≤L≤7m.

[0268] L can be any point value of 5m, 5.1m, 5.2m, 5.3m, 5.4m, 5.5m, 5.6m, 5.7m, 5.8m, 5.9m, 6m, 6.1m, 6.2m, 6.3m, 6.4m, 6.5m, 6.6m, 6.7m, 6.8m, 6.9m, 7m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0269] In this embodiment, 5m≤L≤7m, which can further take into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the convenience of handling and transporting the energy storage device 10 .

[0270] In some embodiments, referring to 3, the battery compartment 11 contains a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along the width direction Y of the compartment. Along the width direction Y of the compartment, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is D1, and the sum of the dimensions of the housings 211 of the plurality of battery cells 21 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is D2, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ D2 / D1 ≤ 0.95.

[0271] The dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing can be the width of the battery compartment 11. The dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing can be measured using a ruler. As an example, the width direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is parallel to the width direction Y of the housing. The sum of the dimensions of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the width direction Y of the housing in the battery compartment 11 is the sum of the widths of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21. The dimension of the battery cell 21 along the width direction Y of the housing can be measured using a vernier caliper. Among the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the width direction Y of the housing, adjacent battery cells 21 can be in direct contact with each other, or intermediate components, such as thermal management components, thermal insulation components, etc., can be provided.

[0272] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 arranged along the width direction Y of the battery compartment 11 may be all equal, or the sizes of at least two battery cells 21 may be different.

[0273] In this embodiment, D2 / D1 can be any point value of 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two points.

[0274] In this embodiment, D2 / D1 ≥ 0.6, so that the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the width of the housing 1 occupy a relatively large proportion of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment 11 in the width direction Y, reducing the gap between the outer shells 211 of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the width direction Y of the housing. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. D2 / D1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the width direction Y to accommodate multiple battery cells 21, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21.

[0275] In some embodiments, 0.75≤D2 / D1≤0.9.

[0276] In this embodiment, D2 / D1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0277] In this embodiment, 0.75≤D2 / D1≤0.9, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery cells 21 in the width direction Y of the box. This is beneficial for improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21 in the width direction Y of the box.

[0278] In some embodiments, along the width direction Y of the box body, the size of the outer shell 211 of each battery cell 21 is D3, and N3 battery cells 21 are arranged in the battery compartment 11, satisfying: D2 = D3 * N3.

[0279] Wherein, N3 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0280] In this embodiment, D2 = D3 * N3, ensuring that the housings 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 have equal dimensions along the width direction Y of the housing. This effectively reduces the probability of wasted space due to varying dimensions of the housings 211 of the battery cells 21 along the width direction Y of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells 21 of the same specification can be arranged along the width direction Y of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0281] In some embodiments, 0.02≤D3 / D1≤0.05.

[0282] D3 / D1 can be any point value among 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0283] In this embodiment, D3 / D1 ≥ 0.02, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing. Given a constant dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing, the number of battery cells 21 accommodated within the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells 21, which is beneficial for improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. D3 / D1 ≤ 0.05 ensures that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells 21.

[0284] In some embodiments, 0.032≤D3 / D1≤0.04.

[0285] D3 / D1 can be any point value among 0.032, 0.033, 0.034, 0.035, 0.036, 0.037, 0.038, 0.039, 0.04, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0286] In this embodiment, 0.032≤D3 / D1≤0.04, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0287] In some embodiments, 0.04 m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.12 m.

[0288] D3 can be any point value among 0.04m, 0.05m, 0.06m, 0.07m, 0.08m, 0.09m, 0.1m, 0.11m, 0.12m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0289] In this embodiment, D3 ≥ 0.04 m, which allows the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be larger along the width direction Y of the housing. This helps increase the proportion of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 within the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. D3 ≤ 0.12 m prevents the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 from being excessively large along the width direction Y of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell 21.

[0290] In some embodiments, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m.

[0291] In this embodiment, D3 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.06m, 0.061m, 0.062m, 0.063m, 0.064m, 0.065m, 0.066m, 0.067m, 0.068m, 0.069m, 0.07m, 0.071m, 0.07m, 0.073m, 0.074m, 0.075m, 0.076m, 0.077m, 0.078m, 0.079m, 0.08m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0292] In this embodiment, 0.06 m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.08 m, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21 .

[0293] In some embodiments, along the width direction Y of the box body, the dimension of the box body 1 is D, which satisfies: 0.65≤D1 / D≤0.99.

[0294] The dimension of the box body 1 along the width direction is the width of the box body 1 , and the width of the box body 1 can be measured with a ruler.

[0295] In this embodiment, D1 / D may be any point value among 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 0.99, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0296] In this embodiment, D1 / D ≥ 0.65, resulting in the battery compartment 11 occupying a larger proportion of the width Y of the housing 1. Increasing the width Y of the battery compartment 11 provides more space for the battery cells 21, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. D1 / D ≤ 0.95 ensures that the width of the housing 1 not occupied by the battery compartment 11 has ample margin, providing sufficient structural strength for the housing 1.

[0297] In some embodiments, 0.75≤D1 / D≤0.92.

[0298] In this embodiment, D1 / D can be any one of 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0299] In this embodiment, 0.75≤D1 / D≤0.92, which can take into account the requirements of the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the structural strength of the box 1, which is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further improving the structural strength of the box 1.

[0300] In some embodiments, 1.5 m ≤ D ≤ 3.5 m.

[0301] D can be any point value of 1.5m, 1.8m, 2m, 2.3m, 2.5m, 2.8m, 3m, 3.2m, 3.5m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0302] In this embodiment, D ≥ 1.5 m, making the width of the box 1 larger. This allows the battery compartment 11 to be larger along the width Y of the box, which helps increase the proportion of the battery compartment 11 in the box 1 along the width Y of the box, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L ≤ D ≤ 3.5 m, which ensures that the width of the box 1 is not too large, facilitating the handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0303] In some embodiments, 2m≤D≤3m.

[0304] In this embodiment, D can be any point value of 2m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, 2.4m, 2.5m, 2.6m, 2.7m, 2.8m, 2.9m, 3m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0305] In this embodiment, 2m≤D≤3m, which can further take into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the convenience of handling and transporting the energy storage device 10 .

[0306] In some embodiments, referring again to Figures 2 and 3 , the battery compartment 11 accommodates a plurality of battery cells 21 arranged along the height direction Z of the compartment. Along the height direction Z, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is H1, and the sum of the dimensions of the housings 211 of the plurality of battery cells 21 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is H2, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ H2 / H1 ≤ 0.95.

[0307] The dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing can be the height of the battery compartment 11, and the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing can be measured using a ruler. As an example, the height direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 is parallel to the height direction Z of the housing. The sum of the dimensions of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the height direction Z of the housing in the battery compartment 11 is the sum of the heights of the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21. The dimension of the battery cell 21 along the height direction Z of the housing can be measured using a vernier caliper. Among the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the height direction Z of the housing, adjacent battery cells 21 can be in direct contact with each other, or intermediate components, such as thermal management components and thermal insulation components, can be provided.

[0308] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 arranged along the height direction Z of the battery compartment 11 may be all equal, or the sizes of at least two battery cells 21 may be different.

[0309] In this embodiment, H2 / H1 can be any one of 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0310] In this embodiment, H2 / H1 ≥ 0.6, so that the outer shells 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 arranged along the height direction of the housing 1 have a relatively large volume within the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment 11 in the height direction Z of the housing, reducing the gap between the outer shells 211 of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the height direction Z of the housing. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 within the battery compartment 11, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. H2 / H1 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the height direction Z of the housing to accommodate multiple battery cells 21, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21.

[0311] In some embodiments, 0.7≤H2 / H1≤0.9.

[0312] In this embodiment, H2 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.80, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0313] In this embodiment, 0.7≤H2 / H1≤0.9, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery cells 21 in the height direction Z of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery cells 21 in the height direction Z of the box.

[0314] In some embodiments, along the height direction Z of the box body, the size of the outer shell 211 of each battery cell 21 is H3, and N4 battery cells 21 are arranged in the battery compartment 11, satisfying: H2=H3*N4.

[0315] Wherein, N4 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0316] In this embodiment, D2 = D3 * N3, ensuring that the housings 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 have equal dimensions along the height direction Z of the housing. This effectively reduces the probability of space waste caused by varying dimensions of the housings 211 of the battery cells 21 along the height direction Z of the housing. During assembly, multiple battery cells 21 of the same specification can be arranged along the height direction Z of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0317] In some embodiments, 0.07≤H3 / H1≤0.12.

[0318] H3 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.07, 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, 0.095, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0319] In this embodiment, H3 / H1 ≥ 0.07, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing. Given a constant dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing, the number of battery cells 21 accommodated within the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of a reduction in available effective space due to an excessive number of battery cells 21, which is beneficial for improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. H3 / H1 ≤ 0.12 ensures that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cells 21.

[0320] In some embodiments, 0.08≤H3 / H1≤0.1.

[0321] In this embodiment, H3 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.08, 0.081, 0.082, 0.083, 0.084, 0.085, 0.086, 0.087, 0.088, 0.088, 0.089, 0.09, 0.091, 0.092, 0.093, 0.094, 0.095, 0.096, 0.097, 0.098, 0.099, 0.1, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0322] In this embodiment, 0.08≤H3 / H1≤0.1, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21.

[0323] In some embodiments, 0.17 m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.6 m.

[0324] H3 can be any point value of 0.17m, 0.2m, 0.25m, 0.3m, 0.35m, 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m, 0.6m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0325] In this embodiment, H3 ≥ 0.17 m, which allows the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be larger along the height direction Z of the housing. This helps increase the proportion of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 within the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. H3 ≤ 0.6 m prevents the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 from being excessively large along the height direction Z of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell 21.

[0326] In some embodiments, 0.2 m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.45 m.

[0327] In this embodiment, H3 can be any point value of 0.2m, 0.23m, 0.25m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.33m, 0.35m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.43m, 0.45m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0328] In this embodiment, 0.2 m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.45 m, which is beneficial to further improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 21 .

[0329] In some embodiments, along the height direction Z of the box body, the size of the box body 1 is H, which satisfies: 0.55≤H1 / H≤0.85.

[0330] The dimension of the box body 1 along the height direction is the height of the box body 1 , and the height of the box body 1 can be measured with a ruler.

[0331] In this embodiment, H1 / H may be any point value among 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0332] In this embodiment, H1 / H ≥ 0.55 allows the battery compartment 11 to occupy a larger proportion of the housing 1 along the height direction Z of the housing. Increasing the height direction Z of the battery compartment 11 provides more space for the battery cells 21, which helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. H1 / H ≤ 0.85 ensures that the height of the housing 1 not occupied by the battery compartment 11 has sufficient margin, providing sufficient structural strength for the housing 1.

[0333] In some embodiments, 0.65≤H1 / H≤0.78.

[0334] In this embodiment, H1 / H can be any one of 0.65, 0.66, 0.67, 0.68, 0.69, 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0335] In this embodiment, 0.65≤H1 / H≤0.78, which can take into account the requirements of the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the structural strength of the box 1, which is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further improving the structural strength of the box 1.

[0336] In some embodiments, 1.5 m ≤ H ≤ 3.5 m.

[0337] H can be any point value of 1.5m, 1.8m, 2m, 2.3m, 2.5m, 2.8m, 3m, 3.2m, 3.5m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0338] In this embodiment, H ≥ 1.5 m allows the height dimension of the housing 1 to be larger, allowing the Z dimension of the battery compartment 11 to be larger. This helps increase the proportion of the battery compartment 11 in the housing 1 along the Z dimension of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. H ≤ 3.5 m prevents the height dimension of the housing 1 from being too large, facilitating the handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0339] In some embodiments, 2m≤H≤3m.

[0340] In this embodiment, H can be any point value of 2m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, 2.4m, 2.5m, 2.6m, 2.7m, 2.8m, 2.9m, 3m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0341] In this embodiment, 2m≤H≤3m, which can further take into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the convenience of handling and transportation of the energy storage device 10.

[0342] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 7-9, Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device 10 according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the energy storage device 10 shown in Figure 7; and Figure 9 is an exploded view of a battery 2 according to some embodiments of the present application. The battery compartment 11 houses at least one battery 2, which includes a plurality of battery cells 21.

[0343] The battery 2 in the battery compartment 11 can be one or more. As an example, the housing 1 and the battery 2 are both rectangular. After the battery 2 is housed in the battery compartment 11, one of the length, width, and height directions of the battery 2 can be parallel to the length direction X of the housing, another can be parallel to the width direction Y of the housing, and yet another can be parallel to the height direction Z of the housing. In Figures 7-9, the length direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the width direction Y of the housing, the width direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the length direction X of the housing, and the height direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the height direction Z of the housing.

[0344] Along the length direction X of the box, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2; along the width direction Y of the box, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2; along the height direction Z of the box, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2.

[0345] In some embodiments, the battery 2 may be a battery module, which may be formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells 21. In the battery module, a frame may be formed by two side plates and two end plates, and a plurality of battery cells 21 may be fixed within the frame to form the battery module.

[0346] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG9 , the battery 2 may be a battery pack, further comprising a battery case 22 , in which a plurality of battery cells 21 are housed. The battery case 22 may include a first portion 221 and a second portion 222 , which overlap to define a storage space for the battery cells 21 . The first portion 221 and the second portion 222 may have various shapes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylindrical shape. The first portion 221 may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second portion 222 may be a hollow structure with one side open. The open side of the second portion 222 overlaps the open side of the first portion 221, thereby forming the battery case 22 with a storage space. Alternatively, the first portion 221 may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second portion 222 may be a plate-like structure. The second portion 222 overlaps the open side of the first portion 221, thereby forming the battery case 22 with a storage space. The first portion 221 and the second portion 222 can be sealed by a sealing element, which can be a sealing ring, sealant, etc.

[0347] During assembly, multiple battery cells 21 can be assembled into a battery 2 first, and then the battery 2 can be installed in the battery compartment 11. The battery 2 composed of multiple battery cells 21 is larger in size and easier to install in the battery compartment 11, which improves assembly efficiency.

[0348] In some embodiments, referring again to FIG. 7 , the battery compartment 11 contains a plurality of batteries 2 arranged along the length direction X of the compartment. Along the length direction X of the compartment, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is L1, and the sum of the dimensions of the plurality of batteries 2 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is L4, satisfying the following: 0.7 ≤ L4 / L1 ≤ 0.96.

[0349] As an example, the width direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the length direction X of the box, and the sum of the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 arranged in the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the box is the sum of the widths of the multiple batteries 2. The dimension of the battery 2 in the length direction X of the box can be measured with a ruler.

[0350] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the battery compartment 11 can all be equal, or the sizes of at least two batteries 2 can be different.

[0351] L4 / L1 can be any point value among 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.96, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0352] In this embodiment, 0.7≤L4 / L1≤0.96. The battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, so that the size of a single battery 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing is not excessive, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the batteries 2. L4 / L1≥0.7, so that the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the housing account for a larger proportion of the size of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. The space in the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing is fully utilized, and the gap between two adjacent batteries 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing is reduced, which is beneficial for increasing the volume ratio of all batteries 2 in the battery compartment 11 and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L4 / L1≤0.96, so that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the longitudinal direction X of the housing to accommodate multiple batteries 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the batteries 2.

[0353] In some embodiments, 0.78≤L4 / L1≤0.91.

[0354] In this embodiment, L4 / L1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0355] In this embodiment, 0.78≤L4 / L1≤0.91, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box. This is beneficial for improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box.

[0356] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIG. 7 , along the length direction X of the box, the size of each battery 2 is L5 , and N5 batteries 2 are arranged in the battery compartment 11 , satisfying: L4 = L5 * N5 .

[0357] Wherein, N5 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0358] In this embodiment, L4 = L5 * N5, ensuring that the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing are equal. This effectively reduces the probability of space waste caused by the varying dimensions of the batteries 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries 2 of the same specifications can be arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0359] In some embodiments, 1m≤L5≤1.5m, 2≤N5≤6.

[0360] L5 can be any point value of 1m, 1.05m, 1.1m, 1.15m, 1.2m, 1.25m, 1.3m, 1.35m, 1.4m, 1.45m, 1.5m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. N5 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0361] In this embodiment, 1m≤L5≤1.5m, 2≤N5≤6, and along the length direction X of the box body, the size of each battery 2 is relatively large, and the number of batteries 2 is not too large, which can reduce the space occupied by other components of the battery 2 except the battery cell 21 (for example, the box wall of the battery box 22), which is beneficial to increase the size proportion of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the length direction X of the box body in the battery compartment 11 along the length direction X of the box body.

[0362] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 10, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device 10 provided in some other embodiments of the present application. Along the length direction X of the box, the battery compartment 11 only accommodates one battery 2. The size of the battery compartment 11 is L1, and the size of the battery 2 is L5, satisfying the following: 0.8≤L5 / L1≤0.99.

[0363] As an example, the length direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the length direction X of the box, the width direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the width direction Y of the box, and the height direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the height direction Z of the box. The dimension of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the box is the length of the battery 2.

[0364] L5 / L1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.88, 0.9, 0.93, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0365] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 accommodates only one battery 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, which helps improve the utilization of the space in the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. L5 / L1 ≥ 0.8, which allows the battery 2 to occupy a larger proportion of the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment 11 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, which helps improve the volume ratio of all batteries 2 in the battery compartment 11 and the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L5 / L1 ≤ 0.99, which ensures that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient space in the longitudinal direction X to accommodate the battery 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2.

[0366] In some embodiments, 0.85≤L5 / L1≤0.93.

[0367] In this embodiment, L5 / L1 can be any one of 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0368] In this embodiment, 0.85≤L5 / L1≤0.93, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box. This is beneficial for improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box.

[0369] In some embodiments, 4m≤L5≤8m.

[0370] L5 can be any point value of 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 7.5m, 8m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0371] In this embodiment, L5 ≥ 4 m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the box body is larger, and more battery cells 21 can be arranged in the battery 2 along the length direction X of the box body, which can meet the high energy requirement of the energy storage device 10; L5 ≤ 8 m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the box body is not too large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery 2.

[0372] In some embodiments, 5.5m≤L5≤6.8m.

[0373] In this embodiment, L5 can be any point value of 5.5m, 5.6m, 5.7m, 5.8m, 5.9m, 6m, 6.1m, 6.2m, 6.3m, 6.4m, 6.5m, 6.6m, 6.7m, 6.8m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0374] In this embodiment, 5.5m≤L5≤6.8m, which takes into account the large energy of the energy storage device 10 and the economy and installation convenience of the battery 2.

[0375] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG11 , which is a CC cross-sectional view of the energy storage device 10 shown in FIG10 . The battery compartment 11 houses a plurality of batteries 2 arranged along the width direction Y of the compartment. Along the width direction Y of the compartment, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is D1, and the sum of the dimensions of the plurality of batteries 2 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is D4, satisfying the following: 0.7 ≤ D4 / D1 ≤ 0.96.

[0376] As an example, the width direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the width direction Y of the box. The sum of the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 arranged in the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the box is the sum of the widths of the multiple batteries 2. The dimension of the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the box can be measured with a ruler.

[0377] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the width direction Y of the battery compartment 11 can all be equal, or the sizes of at least two batteries 2 can be different.

[0378] In this embodiment, along the length direction X of the box body, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2.

[0379] D4 / D1 can be any point value among 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.96, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0380] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 arranged along the width direction Y of the housing, so that the size of a single battery 2 along the width direction Y of the housing is not too large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery 2. D4 / D1 ≥ 0.7, so that the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the width direction Y of the housing account for a large proportion of the size of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the housing. The space in the battery compartment 11 is fully utilized in the width direction Y of the housing, and the gap between two adjacent batteries 2 in the width direction Y of the housing is reduced, which is beneficial to increasing the volume ratio of all batteries 2 in the battery compartment 11 and improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10. D4 / D1 ≤ 0.96, so that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the width direction Y of the housing to install multiple batteries 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the batteries 2.

[0381] In some embodiments, 0.78≤D4 / D1≤0.91.

[0382] In this embodiment, D4 / D1 can be any one of 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0383] In this embodiment, 0.78≤D4 / D1≤0.91, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the box.

[0384] In some embodiments, along the width direction Y of the box, the size of each battery 2 is D5, and N6 batteries 2 are arranged in the battery compartment 11, satisfying: D4 = D5*N6.

[0385] Wherein, N6 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0386] In this embodiment, D4 = D5 * N6, ensuring that the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 along the width direction Y of the housing are equal. This effectively reduces the probability of space waste caused by the varying dimensions of the batteries 2 along the width direction Y of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries 2 of the same specifications can be arranged along the width direction Y of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0387] In some embodiments, 1m≤D5≤1.5m, 2≤N6≤3.

[0388] D5 can be any point value among 1m, 1.05m, 1.1m, 1.15m, 1.2m, 1.25m, 1.3m, 1.35m, 1.4m, 1.45m, 1.5m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. The value of N6 can be 2 or 3.

[0389] In this embodiment, 1m≤D5≤1.5m, 2≤N6≤3, and along the width direction Y of the box body, the size of each battery 2 is relatively large, and the number of batteries 2 is not too large, which can reduce the space occupied by other components of the battery 2 except the battery cell 21 (for example, the box wall of the battery box 22), which is beneficial to increase the size proportion of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the width direction Y of the box body in the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y of the box body.

[0390] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIG. 8 , along the width direction Y of the box, the battery compartment 11 only accommodates one battery 2 , the size of the battery compartment 11 is D1 , and the size of the battery 2 is D5 , satisfying: 0.8≤D5 / D1≤0.99.

[0391] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one or more batteries 2 along the length direction X of the housing. For example, in FIG8 , the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the length direction X of the housing. The length direction of each battery 2 is parallel to the width direction Y of the housing, the width direction of each battery 2 is parallel to the length direction X of the housing, and the height direction of each battery 2 is parallel to the height direction Z of the housing. The dimension of each battery 2 along the width direction Y of the housing is the length of each battery 2.

[0392] D5 / D1 can be any point value among 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.88, 0.9, 0.93, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0393] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 accommodates only one battery 2 along the width direction Y of the housing, which helps improve the utilization of the space in the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y. D5 / D1 ≥ 0.8, which allows the battery 2 to occupy a relatively large proportion of the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment 11 along the width direction Y, which helps improve the volume ratio of all batteries 2 within the battery compartment 11 and the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. D5 / D1 ≤ 0.99, which ensures that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient space in the width direction Y to accommodate the battery 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2.

[0394] In some embodiments, 0.85≤D5 / D1≤0.93.

[0395] In this embodiment, D5 / D1 can be any one of 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0396] In this embodiment, 0.85≤D5 / D1≤0.93, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the box.

[0397] In some embodiments, 1.5 m ≤ D5 ≤ 2.5 m.

[0398] D5 can be any point value among 1.5m, 1.7m, 1.9m, 2.1m, 2.3m, 2.5m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0399] In this embodiment, D5 ≥ 1.5 m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box body is larger, and more battery cells 21 can be arranged in the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box body, which can meet the high energy requirement of the energy storage device 10; D5 ≤ 2.5 m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box body is not too large, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and installation difficulty of the battery 2.

[0400] In some embodiments, 1.7 m ≤ D5 ≤ 2.3 m.

[0401] In this embodiment, D5 can be any point value of 1.7m, 1.8m, 1.9m, 2.m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0402] In this embodiment, 1.7m≤D5≤2.3m, which takes into account the large energy of the energy storage device 10 and the economy and installation convenience of the battery 2.

[0403] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 7, 8, 10, and 11, the battery compartment 11 contains a plurality of batteries 2 arranged along the height direction Z of the housing. Along the height direction Z of the housing, the dimension of the battery compartment 11 is H1, and the sum of the dimensions of the plurality of batteries 2 arranged within the battery compartment 11 is H4, satisfying the following: 0.6 ≤ H4 / H1 ≤ 0.99.

[0404] As an example, the height direction of the battery 2 is parallel to the height direction Z of the box. The sum of the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the height of the box 1 in the battery compartment 11 is the sum of the heights of the multiple batteries 2. The dimension of the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box can be measured with a ruler.

[0405] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the sizes of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the height direction Z of the battery compartment 11 can all be equal, or the sizes of at least two batteries 2 can be different.

[0406] In this embodiment, along the length direction X of the case, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2. Along the width direction Y of the case, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2. In the embodiments shown in Figures 7 and 8, the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the length direction X of the case, and the battery compartment 11 accommodates one battery 2 along the width direction Y of the case; in the embodiments shown in Figures 10 and 11, the battery compartment 11 accommodates one battery 2 along the length direction X of the case, and the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the width direction Y of the case.

[0407] H4 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 0.99, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0408] The battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 arranged along the height direction Z of the box body, so that the size of a single battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box body is not too large, reducing the difficulty of manufacturing and installing the battery 2. H4 / H1 ≥ 0.6, so that the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the height direction Z of the box body account for a large proportion of the size of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the box body, fully utilizing the space of the battery compartment 11 in the height direction Z of the box body, reducing the gap between two adjacent batteries 2 in the height direction Z of the box body, which is beneficial to increasing the volume ratio of all batteries 2 in the battery compartment 11 and improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10. H4 / H1 ≤ 0.99, so that the battery compartment 11 has sufficient installation margin in the height direction Z of the box body to install multiple batteries 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2.

[0409] In some embodiments, 0.7≤H4 / H1≤0.92.

[0410] H4 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.7, 0.71, 0.72, 0.73, 0.74, 0.75, 0.76, 0.77, 0.78, 0.79, 0.8, 0.81, 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0411] In this embodiment, 0.7≤H4 / H1≤0.92, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the convenience of installing the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box.

[0412] In some embodiments, along the height direction Z of the box, the size of each battery 2 is H5, and N7 batteries 2 are arranged in the battery compartment 11, satisfying: H4=H5*N7.

[0413] Wherein, N7 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0414] In this embodiment, H4 = H5 * N7, ensuring that the dimensions of the multiple batteries 2 along the height direction Z of the housing are equal. This effectively reduces the probability of space waste caused by the varying dimensions of the batteries 2 along the height direction Z of the housing. During assembly, multiple batteries 2 of the same specifications can be arranged along the height direction Z of the housing, improving the assembly efficiency of the energy storage device 10 and reducing the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10.

[0415] In some embodiments, 0.2m≤H5≤0.3m, 2≤N7≤10.

[0416] H5 can be any point value among 0.21m, 0.22m, 0.23m, 0.24m, 0.25m, 0.26m, 0.27m, 0.28m, 0.29m, 0.3m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. The value of N7 can be 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

[0417] In this embodiment, 0.2m≤H5≤0.3m, 2≤N7≤10, and along the height direction Z of the box body, the size of each battery 2 is relatively large, and the number of batteries 2 is not too large, which can reduce the space occupied by other components of the battery 2 except the battery cell 21 (for example, the box wall of the battery box 22), which is beneficial to increase the size proportion of the multiple batteries 2 arranged along the height direction Z of the box body in the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the box body.

[0418] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 12, which is a cross-sectional view of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application. Along the height direction Z of the box, the battery compartment 11 accommodates only one battery 2. The size of the battery compartment 11 is H1, and the size of the battery 2 is H5, satisfying the following: 0.8≤H5 / H1≤0.99.

[0419] In this embodiment, along the length direction X of the case, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2. Along the width direction Y of the case, the battery compartment 11 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2. As an example, in Figure 12, the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the width direction Y of the case, and the battery compartment 11 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the length direction X of the case.

[0420] H5 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.88, 0.9, 0.93, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0421] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 accommodates only one battery 2 along the height direction Z of the housing, which helps improve the utilization of the space in the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing. When H5 / H1 is ≥ 0.8, the battery 2 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing. This fully utilizes the space in the battery compartment 11 along the height direction Z of the housing, helps improve the volume ratio of all batteries 2 within the battery compartment 11, and helps improve the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. When H5 / H1 is ≤ 0.99, the battery compartment 11 has sufficient space in the height direction Z to accommodate the battery 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2.

[0422] In some embodiments, 0.85≤H5 / H1≤0.93.

[0423] In this embodiment, H5 / H1 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0424] In this embodiment, 0.85≤H5 / H1≤0.93, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box.

[0425] In some embodiments, 1.5 m ≤ H5 ≤ 2.5 m.

[0426] H5 can be any point value among 1.5m, 1.7m, 1.9m, 2.1m, 2.3m, 2.5m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0427] H5≥1.5m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box is larger, and the size of the battery cell 21 in the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box is larger, which can meet the high energy requirement of the energy storage device 10; H5≤2.5m, so that the size of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box is not too large, reducing the manufacturing difficulty and installation difficulty of the battery 2.

[0428] In some embodiments, 1.7 m ≤ H5 ≤ 2.3 m.

[0429] In this embodiment, H5 can be any point value of 1.7m, 1.8m, 1.9m, 2.m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0430] In this embodiment, 1.7m≤H5≤2.3m, which takes into account the large energy of the energy storage device 10 and the economy and installation convenience of the battery 2.

[0431] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 13 and 14. Figure 13 is a structural view of an energy storage device 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the housing 1 shown in Figure 13. The battery compartment 11 includes a plurality of sub-compartments 111, which are arranged along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, and each sub-compartment 111 accommodates at least one battery 2.

[0432] There may be two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or more sub-compartments 111. Two adjacent sub-compartments 111 may be separated by a partition 112. The partition 112 may be a partition plate disposed between the two sub-compartments 111, or a partition beam disposed between the two sub-compartments 111. The partition beam may extend along the height direction Z of the box. When the partition 112 is a partition beam disposed between two adjacent sub-compartments 111, multiple partition beams may be provided between the two adjacent sub-compartments 111, and the multiple partition beams may be spaced apart along the width direction Y of the box.

[0433] Sub-compartment 111 can have a variety of shapes, such as cylindrical or prism-shaped. Prisms can be triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, or hexagonal. For example, in FIG13 , sub-compartment 111 is quadrangular, specifically, cuboid-shaped. Sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one or more batteries 2.

[0434] In this embodiment, the battery compartment 11 is divided into a plurality of sub-compartments 111 , each of which can accommodate a battery 2 , so that the battery 2 can be more regularly accommodated in the battery compartment 11 , making it easier to install the battery 2 .

[0435] In some embodiments, the volume of the sub-compartment 111 is V4, and the sum of the volumes of the batteries 2 in the sub-compartments 111 is V5, satisfying the following: 0.75≤V5 / V4≤0.95.

[0436] The volume of the sub-compartment 111 can be measured in a variety of ways. For a sub-compartment 111 of a regular shape, taking the sub-compartment 111 as a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, the length, width and height of the sub-compartment 111 can be measured separately by a measuring tool, and the volume V4 of the sub-compartment 111 can be calculated by measuring the length, width and height of the sub-compartment 111. It can be understood that the product of the length, width and height of the sub-compartment 111 is V4, wherein the measuring tool can be a ruler. For a sub-compartment 111 of an irregular shape, it is difficult to calculate the volume of the sub-compartment 111 by measuring the outer dimensions of the sub-compartment 111. The volume of the sub-compartment 111 can be measured by a filling method. The specific method is as follows: fill the sub-compartment 111 with plastic pellets. The material of the plastic pellets can be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), with a particle size of 0.5mm-1.5mm and a density of 0.94g / cm 3 -0.96g / cm 3 The total volume of the plastic pellets in the sub-compartment 111 is measured using a measuring container to obtain the volume of the sub-compartment 111. Alternatively, the total weight of the plastic pellets in the sub-compartment 111 can be measured using a weighing device to calculate the total mass of the plastic pellets in the sub-compartment 111. The total volume of the plastic pellets can then be calculated using the equation: total volume of plastic pellets = total mass of plastic pellets / density of plastic pellets to obtain the total volume of the plastic pellets, thereby obtaining the volume V4 of the sub-compartment 111.

[0437] In this embodiment, there can be one or more batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111. If there is one battery 2 in the sub-compartment 111, the sum of the volumes of the batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 is the volume of the battery 2. If there are more than one battery 2 in the sub-compartment 111, the sum of the volumes of the batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 is the sum of the volumes of all the batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111. The multiple batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple batteries 2 are connected in both series and in parallel. Along the length direction X of the box, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2; along the width direction Y of the box, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2; along the height direction Z of the box, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2.

[0438] If there are multiple batteries 2 in a sub-compartment 111, the volumes of all batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 can be equal, or the volumes of at least two batteries 2 can be unequal. V5 is the sum of the volumes of all batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111. If the volumes of all batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 are equal, the volume of one battery 2 can be measured and then multiplied by the volume of that battery 2 by the number of batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 to obtain V5. If the volumes of at least two of the batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 are unequal, for example, if all batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 consist of batteries 2 of two different volumes, the volume of the first type of battery 2 can be measured first, and then multiplied by the number of the first type of battery 2 in the sub-compartment 111 to obtain a third total volume. The volume of the second type of battery 2 can then be measured and then multiplied by the number of the second type of battery 2 in the sub-compartment 111 to obtain a fourth total volume. The sum of the third and fourth total volumes is V5.

[0439] The volume of battery 2 can be measured in a variety of ways. For a regularly shaped battery 2, taking a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, the length, width, and height of battery 2 can be measured separately using a measuring tool. The volume of battery 2 can be calculated based on the measured length, width, and height of battery 2. It is understood that the product of the length, width, and height of battery 2 is the volume of battery 2. The measuring tool can be a ruler. It should be noted that if the outer surfaces of battery 2 are planar, the length, width, and height of battery 2 are measured based on the respective outer surfaces. If a protrusion or recess is formed on one of the outer surfaces of battery 2, the length, width, and height of battery 2 are measured based on the planar area of ​​that outer surface. For irregularly shaped batteries 2, it is difficult to calculate the volume of battery 2 by measuring the outer dimensions of battery 2. The volume of battery 2 can be measured using the immersion method. The specific method is as follows: inject liquid into the measuring container and record the volume value X3 corresponding to the liquid level. Gradually immerse battery 2 in the liquid until the battery 2 is completely immersed in the liquid. Record the volume value X4 corresponding to the liquid level at this time. X4-X3 is the volume of battery 2.

[0440] V5 / V4 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.75, 0.78, 0.8, 0.82, 0.85, 0.87, 0.9, 0.92, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0441] In this embodiment, V5 / V4 ≥ 0.75, which allows the volume of all batteries 2 within sub-compartment 111 to occupy a relatively large proportion, thereby improving the space utilization of sub-compartment 111 and facilitating an increase in the volumetric energy density of energy storage device 10. V5 / V4 ≤ 0.95 prevents the volume of all batteries 2 within sub-compartment 111 from being excessively large, reducing the assembly precision requirements for batteries 2 within sub-compartment 111 and effectively keeping the manufacturing cost of energy storage device 10 within a reasonable range.

[0442] In some embodiments, 0.82≤V5 / V4≤0.9.

[0443] In this embodiment, V5 / V4 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0444] In this embodiment, 0.82≤V5 / V4≤0.9, which takes into account both the volume energy density requirement and the economic requirement of the energy storage device 10, is beneficial to further reduce the manufacturing cost of the energy storage device 10 and improve the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10.

[0445] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 13 , along the longitudinal direction X of the housing, the sub-compartment 111 accommodates only one battery 2. This reduces the space occupied by components of the battery 2 other than the battery cell 21 (e.g., the walls of the battery housing 22), thereby increasing the proportion of the battery 2 within the sub-compartment 111 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing and improving the utilization of the space within the sub-compartment 111 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing.

[0446] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the box, the size of the sub-compartment 111 is L6, and the size of the battery 2 is L5, which satisfies the following: 0.85≤L5 / L6≤0.99.

[0447] As an example, sub-compartment 111 and battery 2 are rectangular parallelepipeds. The length of sub-compartment 111 and battery 2 are parallel to the width Y of the enclosure. The width of sub-compartment 111 and battery 2 are parallel to the length X of the enclosure. The height of sub-compartment 111 and battery 2 are parallel to the height Z of the enclosure. The dimension of sub-compartment 111 along the length X of the enclosure is the width of sub-compartment 111, and the dimension of battery 2 along the length X of the enclosure is the width of battery 2.

[0448] L5 / L6 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.85, 0.88, 0.9, 0.93, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0449] In this embodiment, L5 / L6 ≥ 0.85, allowing the battery 2 to occupy a larger proportion of the sub-compartment 111 along the longitudinal direction X of the enclosure. This fully utilizes the space in the sub-compartment 111 along the longitudinal direction X of the enclosure, thereby increasing the volume ratio of all batteries 2 within the sub-compartment 111 and improving the volumetric energy density of the energy storage device 10. L5 / L6 ≤ 0.99 ensures that the sub-compartment 111 has sufficient space in the longitudinal direction X of the enclosure to accommodate the battery 2, reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2.

[0450] In some embodiments, 0.88≤L5 / L6≤0.95.

[0451] In this embodiment, L5 / L6 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0452] In this embodiment, 0.88≤L5 / L6≤0.95, which takes into account both the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and the ease of installation of the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box. This is beneficial to improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10 and further reducing the difficulty of installing the battery 2 in the longitudinal direction X of the box.

[0453] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 15, which is a DD cross-sectional view of the energy storage device 10 shown in Figure 13. Along the width direction Y of the box body, the sub-compartment 111 only accommodates one battery 2.

[0454] In this embodiment, along the length direction X of the box body, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2.

[0455] In this embodiment, the sub-compartment 111 only accommodates one battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box body, which can reduce the space occupied by other components of the battery 2 except the battery cell 21 (for example, the box wall of the battery box 22), which is beneficial to increase the proportion of the battery 2 in the sub-compartment 111 along the width direction Y of the box body, and is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the space of the sub-compartment 111 along the width direction Y of the box body.

[0456] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIG. 13 , along the height direction Z of the box, the sub-compartment 111 accommodates a plurality of batteries 2 .

[0457] In this embodiment, along the length direction X of the box, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2. Along the width direction Y of the box, the sub-compartment 111 can accommodate one battery 2 or multiple batteries 2.

[0458] Along the height direction of the sub-compartment 111 , the sub-compartment 111 may accommodate two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more batteries 2 .

[0459] As an example, along the length direction X of the box, the sub-compartment 111 only accommodates one battery 2; along the width direction Y of the box, the sub-compartment 111 only accommodates one battery 2; along the height direction Z of the box, the sub-compartment 111 accommodates multiple batteries 2. All batteries 2 in each sub-compartment 111 are connected in series. In two adjacent sub-compartments 111, all batteries 2 in one sub-compartment 111 are connected in series to form a first battery group (battery cluster), and all batteries 2 in the other sub-compartment 111 are connected in series to form a second battery group (battery cluster), and the first battery group and the second battery group are connected in parallel. In an embodiment where the box 1 has an electrical compartment and a main control compartment 15, the main control unit in the main control compartment 15 can realize high-voltage control and communication of the battery cluster, and the convergence unit in the electrical compartment can realize parallel convergence of multiple battery clusters, thereby realizing a safe connection between multiple battery clusters and the DC side of the energy storage converter (PCS, Power Conversion System).

[0460] As an example, along the length direction X of the box, support members 113 are provided on both sides of each sub-compartment 111. Along the height direction Z of the box, the support members 113 are located at the bottom of the battery 2 and are used to support the battery 2. The support members 113 can be installed on the compartment wall and the partition 112 of the battery compartment 11. The provision of the support members 113 can, on the one hand, improve the stability of each battery 2 within the sub-compartment 111; on the other hand, it can maintain a certain distance between two adjacent batteries 2 in the sub-compartment 111 along the height direction Z of the box, so that the removal and installation of one battery 2 is less likely to affect the adjacent battery 2.

[0461] In this embodiment, the sub-compartment 111 accommodates multiple batteries 2 along the height direction Z of the box body, which can reduce the size of a single battery 2 in the height direction Z of the box body and reduce the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0462] In some embodiments, the number of sub-bins 111 is less than or equal to 4.

[0463] In this embodiment, there may be two, three or four sub-compartments 111. In the embodiment shown in FIG13 , there are four sub-compartments 111.

[0464] In this embodiment, the number of sub-compartments 111 is less than or equal to 4, and there are fewer partition components separating two adjacent sub-compartments 111 in the battery compartment 11, which reduces the space occupied by the partition components in the battery compartment 11, provides more space for the battery 2, and improves the space utilization of the battery compartment 11.

[0465] In some embodiments, the volume of the battery 2 is V6, and the sum of the volumes of the housings 211 of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery 2 is V7, satisfying: 0.5≤V7 / V6≤0.8.

[0466] As an example, please refer to Figures 16 and 17. Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 2 provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along EE of the battery 2 shown in Figure 16. The battery 2 includes a battery case 22 and a plurality of battery cells 21, which are housed within the battery case 22. The battery case 22 may include a first portion 221 and a second portion 222, which overlap to define a space for accommodating the battery cells 21. The volume of the battery case 22 is the volume V6 of the battery 2. For example, if the battery case 22 is rectangular, the length, width, and height of the battery case 22 can be measured using a measuring tool. The volume of the battery case 22 can be calculated based on the measured length, width, and height, thereby obtaining the volume V6 of the battery 2. It is understood that the volume of the battery case 22 is the product of the length, width, and height of the battery case 22, where a ruler can be used as the measuring tool.

[0467] The multiple battery cells 21 of the battery 2 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed connection. This connection can be achieved through a busbar 23, which can be made of a metal conductor such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, or an aluminum alloy. The battery 2 can also include a thermal management component, which can be located within the battery case 22 or integrated into the wall of the battery case 22. The thermal management component is used to manage the temperature of the battery cells 21. The thermal management component can be a water-cooled plate that contains a fluid medium.

[0468] V7 is the sum of the volumes of the outer shells 211 of all the battery cells 21 of battery 2. The volumes of the outer shells 211 of all the battery cells 21 of battery 2 can be equal, or the volumes of the outer shells 211 of at least two battery cells 21 can be different. If the volumes of the outer shells 211 of all the battery cells 21 of battery 2 are equal, the volume of the outer shell 211 of one battery cell 21 can be measured and then V7 can be calculated by multiplying the volume of the outer shell 211 of that battery cell 21 by the number of battery cells 21 in battery 2. If the volumes of the outer shells 211 of at least two battery cells 21 in the battery 2 are not equal, for example, the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery 2 are composed of two outer shells 211 of different volumes, the volume of the outer shell 211 of the first type of battery cell 21 can be measured first, and the volume of the outer shell 211 of the first type of battery cell 21 can be multiplied by the number of the first type of battery cells 21 in the battery 2 to obtain the fifth total volume, and then the volume of the outer shell 211 of the second type of battery cell 21 can be measured, and the volume of the outer shell 211 of the second type of battery cell 21 can be multiplied by the number of the second type of battery cells 21 in the battery 2 to obtain the sixth total volume. The sum of the fifth total volume and the sixth total volume is V7.

[0469] In this embodiment, V7 / V6 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.5, 0.53, 0.55, 0.58, 0.6, 0.63, 0.65, 0.68, 0.7, 0.73, 0.75, 0.78, 0.8, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0470] In this embodiment, V7 / V6 ≥ 0.5, so that the volume of all battery cells 21 of the battery 2 in the battery 2 accounts for a larger proportion, which improves the utilization of the internal space of the battery 2, is conducive to improving the volume energy density of the battery 2, and thus improving the volume energy density of the energy storage device 10; V7 / V6 ≤ 0.8, so that the volume of all battery cells 21 of the battery 2 in the battery 2 does not account for too large, providing more space for other components of the battery 2 (such as the confluence component 23, thermal management components, etc.), reducing the assembly difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery 2.

[0471] In some embodiments, 0.58≤V7 / V6≤0.7.

[0472] In this embodiment, V7 / V6 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.58, 0.59, 0.6, 0.61, 0.62, 0.63, 0.64, 0.65, 0.66, 0.67, 0.68, 0.69, 0.7, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0473] In this embodiment, 0.58≤V7 / V6≤0.7, which takes into account the volume energy density of the battery 2 and the requirements of the economy and assembly convenience of the battery 2. This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of the battery 2 and reducing the assembly difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery 2.

[0474] In some embodiments, the number of battery cells 21 of the battery 2 is N8, and the volume of the housing 211 of each battery cell 21 is V3, satisfying: V7 = V3 * N8.

[0475] Wherein, N8 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0476] In this embodiment, V7 = V3 * N8, ensuring that the volumes of the housings 211 of all battery cells 21 of battery 2 are equal, allowing battery cells 21 of the same specifications to be used. This improves the assembly efficiency of battery 2 and reduces the amount of space wasted due to different specifications of battery cells 21 of battery 2.

[0477] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figures 16 and 17. The battery 2 includes p*q battery cells 21, and the p*q battery cells 21 are arranged in p rows and q columns. Each row of battery cells 21 is arranged along the length direction X of the box, and each column of battery cells 21 is arranged along the width direction Y of the box. Both p and q are positive integers.

[0478] In battery 2, all battery cells 21 are arranged in a rectangular array of p rows and q columns. There are q battery cells 21 in each row of battery cells 21, and p battery cells 21 in each column of battery cells 21. Battery 2 has multiple battery cells 21, and at least one of p and q is greater than or equal to 2.

[0479] As an example, p and q are both greater than 2, each column of battery cells 21 includes multiple battery cell groups connected in series, each battery cell group includes multiple battery cells 21 connected in parallel, and two adjacent columns of battery cells 21 are connected in parallel. In the embodiment shown in FIG17 , p=26, q=4, and there are 26 battery cells 21 in each column of battery cells 21. Every two battery cells 21 are connected in parallel to form 13 battery cell groups. The 13 battery cell groups are connected in series, and the four columns of battery cells 21 are connected in parallel.

[0480] In an embodiment where the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 (not shown in Figures 16 and 17 ) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, any one of the length, width, and height directions of the outer shell 211 is parallel to the length direction X of the case, another is parallel to the width direction Y of the case, and yet another is parallel to the height direction Z of the case. In the embodiment shown in Figures 16 and 17 , the length direction of the outer shell 211 is parallel to the length direction X of the case, the width direction of the outer shell 211 is parallel to the width direction Y of the case, and the height direction of the outer shell 211 is parallel to the height direction Z of the case.

[0481] In the embodiment where a thermal management component is provided in the battery 2 , the thermal management component may be provided between two adjacent battery cells 21 in each column of battery cells 21 , or between two adjacent battery cells 21 in each row of battery cells 21 .

[0482] In this embodiment, all the battery cells 21 of the battery 2 are distributed in a rectangular array, so that the battery cells 21 of the battery 2 are arranged more regularly, which is beneficial to improving the space utilization of the battery 2 .

[0483] In some embodiments, in each row of battery cells 21 , the sum of the dimensions of the housings 211 of q battery cells 21 along the longitudinal direction X of the box is L7 , and the dimension of the battery 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the box is L5 , satisfying: 0.8≤L7 / L5≤0.95.

[0484] In each row of battery cells 21 , the sizes of the outer shells 211 of q battery cells 21 along the longitudinal direction X of the box body may be equal, or the sizes of the outer shells 211 of at least two battery cells 21 along the longitudinal direction X of the box body may be unequal.

[0485] In the embodiments shown in Figures 16 and 17, the length direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 and the width direction of the battery 2 are parallel to the length direction X of the box body, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells 211 of q battery cells 21 along the length direction X of the box body is the sum of the lengths of the outer shells 211 of q battery cells 21, and the dimension of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the box body is the width of the battery 2.

[0486] In this embodiment, L7 / L5 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.87, 0.9, 0.92, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0487] L7 / L5 ≥ 0.8, so that the outer shell 211 of each row of battery cells 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the casing, fully utilizing the space of the battery 2 in the length direction X of the casing and reducing the gap between the outer shells 211 of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the length direction X of the casing. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery 2, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery 2. L7 / L5 ≤ 0.95, so that the outer shell 211 of each row of battery cells 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the length direction X of the casing, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0488] In some embodiments, 0.85≤L7 / L5≤0.9.

[0489] In this embodiment, L7 / L5 can be any point value among 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0490] In this embodiment, 0.85≤L7 / L5≤0.9, which takes into account the volume energy density of the battery 2, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery 2, and the economic requirements of the battery 2. This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of the battery 2 and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0491] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the box body, the size of the outer shell 211 of each battery cell 21 is L3, satisfying: L3=L7 / q, 0.17m≤L3≤0.6m, 1≤q≤5.

[0492] L3 can be any point value of 0.17m, 0.2m, 0.25m, 0.3m, 0.35m, 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m, 0.6m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. q can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0493] In this embodiment, L3 = L7 / q, ensuring that the outer shells 211 of the battery cells 21 in each row of battery 2 have the same dimensions along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. Battery cells 21 in each row can be constructed using the same specifications. Furthermore, 0.17m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6m, and 1 ≤ q ≤ 5, allow each battery cell 21 in each row to be larger, while minimizing the number of batteries 2. This reduces the space occupied by the walls of the outer shells 211 in the longitudinal direction X of the housing, facilitating an increase in the proportion of the outer shells 211 in each row of battery cells 21 within the battery 2 along the longitudinal direction X of the housing. This improves the space utilization of battery 2 and thereby increases the volumetric energy density of battery 2.

[0494] In some embodiments, q=4, 0.2m≤L3≤0.3m.

[0495] In this embodiment, L3 can be any point value of 0.2m, 0.21m, 0.22m, 0.23m, 0.24m, 0.25m, 0.26m, 0.27m, 0.28m, 0.29m, 0.3m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0496] When there are four battery cells 21 in each row of battery cells 21 , the size of the housing 211 of the battery cell 21 is controlled within a range of 0.2 m to 0.3 m, so that the battery 2 has a higher volume energy density.

[0497] In some embodiments, q=2, 0.4m≤L3≤0.6m.

[0498] In this embodiment, L3 can be any point value of 0.4m, 0.43m, 0.45m, 0.48m, 0.5m, 0.53m, 0.55m, 0.58m, 0.6m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0499] When there are two battery cells 21 in each row of battery cells 21 , the size of the housing 211 of the battery cell 21 is controlled within the range of 0.4 m ≤ L3 ≤ 0.6 m, so that the battery 2 has a higher volume energy density.

[0500] In some embodiments, in each column of battery cells 21 , the sum of the dimensions of the housings 211 of the p battery cells 21 along the width direction Y of the box is D7 , and the dimension of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box is D5 , satisfying: 0.75≤D7 / D5≤0.95.

[0501] In each column of battery cells 21 , the sizes of the outer shells 211 of p battery cells 21 along the width direction Y of the box may be equal, or the sizes of the outer shells 211 of at least two battery cells 21 along the width direction Y of the box may be unequal.

[0502] In the embodiments shown in Figures 16 and 17, the width direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 and the length direction of the battery 2 are parallel to the width direction Y of the box body, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells 211 of the p battery cells 21 along the width direction Y of the box body is the sum of the widths of the outer shells 211 of the p battery cells 21, and the dimension of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the box body is the length of the battery 2.

[0503] In this embodiment, D7 / D5 can be any point value of 0.75, 0.78, 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.87, 0.9, 0.92, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0504] In some embodiments, D7 / D5 ≥ 0.75, so that the outer shell 211 of each row of battery cells 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the casing, fully utilizing the space of the battery 2 in the width direction Y of the casing and reducing the gap between the outer shells 211 of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the width direction Y of the casing. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shells 211 of all battery cells 21 in the battery 2, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery 2. D7 / D5 ≤ 0.95, so that the outer shell 211 of each row of battery cells 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the casing, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0505] In some embodiments, 0.82≤D7 / D5≤0.9.

[0506] In this embodiment, D7 / D5 can be any point value of 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0507] In this embodiment, D7 / D5 takes into account the volume energy density of the battery 2, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery 2, and the economic requirements of the battery 2. This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of the battery 2 and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery 2.

[0508] In some embodiments, along the width direction Y of the box body, the size of the outer shell 211 of each battery cell 21 is D3, satisfying: D3=D7 / p, 0.04m≤D3≤0.12m, 20≤p≤30.

[0509] D3 can be any one of 0.04m, 0.05m, 0.06m, 0.07m, 0.08m, 0.09m, 0.1m, 0.11m, 0.12m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. p can be 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, or 30.

[0510] In this embodiment, D3 = D7 / p, ensuring that the outer shells 211 of the battery cells 21 in each column of battery 2 have the same dimensions along the width direction Y of the housing. Battery cells 21 in each column can be constructed using the same specifications. Furthermore, 0.04m ≤ D3 ≤ 0.12m, and 20 ≤ p ≤ 30, allow each battery cell 21 in each column to be larger, while minimizing the number of batteries 2. This reduces the space occupied by the walls of the outer shells 211 in the width direction Y of the housing, facilitating an increase in the proportion of the outer shells 211 in each column of battery cells 21 within the battery 2 along the width direction Y of the housing. This improves the space utilization of battery 2 and thereby increases the volumetric energy density of battery 2.

[0511] In some embodiments, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m, 24≤p≤28.

[0512] In this embodiment, D3 may be any one of 0.06m, 0.063m, 0.065m, 0.068m, 0.07m, 0.073m, 0.075m, 0.078m, 0.08m, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them. p may be 24, 25, 26, or 28.

[0513] In this embodiment, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m, 24≤p≤28, and such a battery 2 has a relatively high volume energy density.

[0514] In some embodiments, the dimension of the housing 211 of the battery cell 21 along the height direction Z of the box body is H3, and the dimension of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box body is H5, satisfying: 0.75≤H3 / H5≤0.95.

[0515] In the embodiments shown in Figures 16 and 17, the height direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 and the height direction of the battery 2 are parallel to the height direction Z of the box body. The size of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 along the height direction Z of the box body is the height of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, and the size of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the box body is the height of the battery 2.

[0516] H3 / H5 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.75, 0.78, 0.8, 0.83, 0.85, 0.87, 0.9, 0.92, 0.95, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0517] In this embodiment, H3 / H5 ≥ 0.75, so that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively large proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the casing, fully utilizing the space of the battery 2 in the height direction Z of the casing. This helps to increase the volume ratio of the outer shell 211 of all the battery cells 21 in the battery 2, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery 2. H3 / H5 ≤ 0.95 ensures that the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 accounts for a relatively small proportion of the dimension of the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the casing, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0518] In some embodiments, 0.82≤H3 / H5≤0.9.

[0519] In this embodiment, H3 / H5 can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.82, 0.83, 0.84, 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.9, etc., or a range of values ​​between any two of them.

[0520] In this embodiment, 0.82≤H3 / H5≤0.9, which takes into account the volume energy density of the battery 2, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery 2, and the economic requirements of the battery 2. This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of the battery 2 and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the battery 2.

[0521] In some embodiments, 0.17 m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.6 m.

[0522] H3 can be any point value of 0.17m, 0.2m, 0.25m, 0.3m, 0.35m, 0.4m, 0.45m, 0.5m, 0.55m, 0.6m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0523] In this embodiment, H3 ≥ 0.17 m, which allows the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be larger along the height direction Z of the housing. This helps increase the proportion of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 in the battery 2 along the height direction Z of the housing, thereby improving the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21. H3 ≤ 0.6 m prevents the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 from being too large along the height direction Z of the housing, effectively reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery cell 21.

[0524] In some embodiments, 0.2 m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.45 m.

[0525] In this embodiment, H3 can be any point value of 0.2m, 0.23m, 0.25m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.33m, 0.35m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.43m, 0.45m, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0526] In this embodiment, 0.2m ≤ H3 ≤ 0.45m, which takes into account the volume energy density of the battery 2, the manufacturing difficulty of the battery 2, and the economic requirements of the battery 2. This is conducive to further improving the volume energy density of the battery 2 and reducing the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the battery 2.

[0527] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 18-21. Figure 18 is an isometric view of a battery cell 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 19 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 18; Figure 20 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 18 taken along the UW plane; and Figure 21 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 18 taken along the VW plane. The battery cell 21 also includes at least one electrode assembly 213, which is housed within a housing 211. The housing 211 is in the shape of a right parallelepiped. The dimension of the housing 211 in a first direction U is W1, the dimension of the housing 211 in a second direction V is T1, and the dimension of the housing 211 in a third direction W is K1. One of the first direction U, the second direction V, and the third direction W is parallel to the length direction X of the housing, another is parallel to the width direction Y of the housing, and another is parallel to the height direction Z of the housing. The shell 211 includes a first wall 2113 and a second wall 2114 arranged opposite to each other along a first direction U, a third wall 2115 and a fourth wall 2116 arranged opposite to each other along a second direction V, and a fifth wall 2117 and a sixth wall 2118 arranged opposite to each other along a third direction W. The sum of the thicknesses of the first wall 2113 and the second wall 2114 is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall 2115 and the fourth wall 2116 is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall 2117 and the sixth wall 2118 is c, satisfying: (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.9.

[0528] W1*T1*K1 represents the volume of the housing 211, that is, V3=W1*T1*K1.

[0529] There can be one or more electrode assemblies 213 in the housing 211. If there are more than one electrode assemblies 213 in the housing 211, the multiple electrode assemblies 213 can be connected in parallel.

[0530] The housing 211 is in the shape of a right parallelepiped, which may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, or the like. Of the six walls of the housing 211, four walls may form the housing 211, with the other two walls serving as end caps 2112. Alternatively, five walls may form the housing 211, with the other wall serving as end caps 2112. The dimensions of the housing 211 in the first direction U, the dimensions of the housing 211 in the second direction V, the dimensions of the housing 211 in the third direction W, the thickness of the first wall 2113, the thickness of the second wall 2114, the thickness of the third wall 2115, the thickness of the fourth wall 2116, the thickness of the fifth wall 2117, and the thickness of the sixth wall 2118 may all be measured using a vernier caliper.

[0531] As an example, the first wall 2113, the second wall 2114, the third wall 2115, the fourth wall 2116, the fifth wall 2117, and the sixth wall 2118 are all aluminum alloys. The aluminum alloy includes the following composition by mass percentage: aluminum ≥ 96.7%, 0.05% ≤ copper ≤ 0.2%, iron ≤ 0.7%, manganese ≤ 1.5%, silicon ≤ 0.6%, zinc ≤ 0.1%, other individual elements ≤ 0.05%, and other elements in total ≤ 0.15%.

[0532] As an example, the first direction U is the length direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, the second direction V is the width direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, and the third direction W is the height direction of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21. It can be understood that W1 is the length of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, T1 is the width of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, and K1 is the height of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21.

[0533] (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1) can be any one of the point values ​​of 0.9, 0.905, 0.91, 0.915, 0.92, 0.925, 0.93, 0.935, 0.94, 0.945, 0.95, 0.955, 0.96, 0.965, 0.97, 0.975, 0.98, 0.985, 0.99, 0.995, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0534] Here, (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) can be understood as the volume of the interior space of the housing 211, that is, the volume of the space enclosed by the inner surface of the housing 211. W1*T1*K1 is the volume of the housing 211. It should be noted that in embodiments where a convex bulge 2112b is formed on the end cap 2112 of the housing 211, which protrudes from the outer surface 2112a of the end cap, the volume of the housing 211 does not include the volume of the convex bulge 2112b.

[0535] If the outer surfaces of the six walls of the housing 211 are all planar, W1, T1, and K1 are measured based on the outer surface of each wall. For example, if the outer surface of the fifth wall 2117 and the outer surface of the sixth wall 2118 are both planar, K1 is the distance between the outer surfaces of the fifth wall 2117 and the outer surfaces of the sixth wall 2118 along the third direction W.

[0536] If a protrusion or recess is formed on the outer surface of a wall of the housing 211, W1, T1, and K1 are measured relative to the planar area of ​​that outer surface (i.e., the area excluding the protrusion or recess). For example, if the outer surface of the fifth wall 2117 is planar and the outer surface of the sixth wall 2118 is formed with a first protrusion (e.g., if the sixth wall 2118 is the end cap 2112, the protrusion formed on the end cap 2112 is the first protrusion), K1 is the distance along the third direction W between the planar area of ​​the outer surface of the sixth wall 2118 excluding the first protrusion and the outer surface of the fifth wall 2117. If the outer surface of the sixth wall 2118 is formed with a first protrusion and the outer surface of the fifth wall 2117 is formed with a second protrusion, K1 is the distance along the third direction W between the planar area of ​​the outer surface of the fifth wall 2117 excluding the second protrusion and the planar area of ​​the outer surface of the sixth wall 2118 excluding the first protrusion.

[0537] If all six walls of the housing 211 are of uniform thickness, the thickness of each wall can be determined by measuring the distance between the outer and inner surfaces of the wall from any position along the wall. If a wall of the housing 211 is of uneven thickness, the thickness of the wall can be determined by measuring the distance between the outer and inner surfaces of the wall at the point where the thickness is greatest. In other words, if the thickness of a wall is uneven, the maximum thickness of that wall is used to calculate a, b, or c.

[0538] In such a battery cell 21, the ratio of the volume of the internal space of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to the volume of the shell 211 is above 0.9, so that the internal space of the shell 211 accounts for a relatively large proportion, and the space of the shell 211 that can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 213 is increased. Under the same chemical system, the volume energy density of the battery cell 21 can be improved.

[0539] The following is a detailed description based on specific experimental data:

[0540] In the experiment, the battery cell 21 is a square shell battery cell. The shell 2111 of the outer shell 211 is a hollow structure with one end open. There is only one end cover 2112 in the battery cell 21.

[0541] Table 2

[0542] According to Table 2 above, comparing Examples 13-16 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that when the positive electrode material of battery cell 21 includes a lithium-containing phosphate, (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1) ≥ 0.9, which can effectively improve the volumetric energy density of battery cell 21. Comparing Examples 17-20 with Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that when the positive electrode material of battery cell 21 includes a lithium transition metal oxide, (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1) ≥ 0.9, which can effectively improve the volumetric energy density of battery cell 21. Comparing Examples 21-24 with Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that when battery cell 21 is a sodium ion battery cell, (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1) ≥ 0.9, which can effectively improve the volumetric energy density of battery cell 21.

[0543] In some embodiments, (W1-a) / W1≥0.97, (T1-b) / T1≥0.965, and (K1-c) / K1≥0.965.

[0544] By setting the ratio of W1-a to W1 to greater than 0.97, the interior space of the housing 211 is increased while the length of the battery cell 21 remains unchanged, thereby accommodating a longer electrode assembly 213. This also increases the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21 while maintaining the same chemical material system. (W1-a) / W1 can be any value among 0.97, 0.975, 0.98, 0.985, 0.99, 0.995, or a range between any two values.

[0545] By setting the ratio of T1-b to T1 to greater than 0.965, the width of the interior space of the housing 211 increases while the width of the battery cell 21 remains unchanged, thereby accommodating a wider electrode assembly 213. This improves the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21 while maintaining the same chemical material system. (T1-b) / T1 can be any value among 0.965, 0.97, 0.975, 0.98, 0.985, 0.99, 0.995, or a range between any two values.

[0546] By setting the ratio of K1-c to K1 to greater than 0.965, the height of the interior space of the housing 211 is increased while the height of the battery cell 21 remains unchanged, thereby accommodating a taller electrode assembly 213. This also improves the volumetric energy density of the battery cell 21 while maintaining the same chemical material system. (K1-c) / K1 can be any value among 0.965, 0.97, 0.975, 0.98, 0.98.5, 0.99, 0.995, or a range between any two values.

[0547] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 18-21 , the housing 211 includes a shell 2111 and an end cap 2112. The shell 2111 has an opening, and the end cap 2112 covers the opening. The end cap 2112 is provided with an electrode terminal 212. The shell 2111 includes an integrally formed first wall 2113, a second wall 2114, a third wall 2115, a fourth wall 2116, and a fifth wall 2117. The end cap 2112 serves as a sixth wall 2118.

[0548] In this embodiment, the housing 2111 is a hollow structure with an opening at one end, and the housing 211 includes a single end cap 2112. The end cap 2112 is separately provided and connected to the housing 2111, and the end cap 2112 and the housing 2111 can be welded or crimped.

[0549] When assembling the battery 2, the electrode terminal 212 can be first installed on the end cover 2112, and then the electrode assembly 213 can be accommodated in the shell 2111, and then the end cover 2112 can be covered on the opening of the shell 2111. This can reduce the difficulty of installing the electrode assembly 213 in the shell 211 and reduce the difficulty of installing the electrode terminal 212 in the shell 211.

[0550] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figures 20 and 21, the thickness of the first wall 2113 and the second wall 2114 are both a1, 2*a1=a; the thickness of the third wall 2115 and the fourth wall 2116 are both b1, 2*b1=b; the thickness of the fifth wall 2117 is c1, and the thickness of the sixth wall 2118 is c2, c2>c1, c1>a1, c1>b1. 0.5mm≤a1≤1.5mm, 0.5≤b1≤1.5mm, 1.0mm≤c1≤2.5mm, 1.5mm≤c2≤4mm.

[0551] In order to reduce the possibility of interference between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 during the process of being installed into the shell 2111 and reduce the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 213, a certain assembly gap (i.e., shell entry gap) will be reserved for the electrode assembly 213 when designing the shell 2111. The assembly gap can be 0.8-2mm.

[0552] In addition, in order to reduce the possibility of internal short circuit of the battery cell 21, an insulating member can be provided inside the shell 211, but the insulating member will inevitably occupy a portion of the internal space of the shell 211, thereby reducing the space left for the electrode assembly 213 and the electrolyte.

[0553] In some embodiments, the battery cell 21 further includes a first insulating member 214 and a second insulating member 215. The first insulating member 214 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the fifth wall 2117. The second insulating member 215 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the sixth wall 2118. The maximum dimension of the first insulating member 214 in the third direction W is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating member 215 in the third direction W is e2, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm.

[0554] (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1) can be any one of the point values ​​0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0555] e1 can be any point value among 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0556] e2 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0557] In this embodiment, W1-a-1.6mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the first direction U, when the assembly clearance between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 0.8mm. T1-b-1.6mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the second direction V, when the assembly clearance between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 0.8mm. K1-c-e1-e2 indicate the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the third direction W, when a first insulating member 214 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the fifth wall 2117, and a second insulating member 215 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the sixth wall 2118. The first insulating member 214 can be a bottom support plate, and the second insulating member 215 can be lower plastic.

[0558] In this embodiment, (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, so that the space reserved for the electrode assembly 213 inside the shell 211 is increased, allowing it to accommodate a larger electrode assembly 213, so that the volume energy density of the battery cell 21 is further improved.

[0559] In some embodiments, the battery cell 21 further includes a first insulating member 214 and a second insulating member 215. The first insulating member 214 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the fifth wall 2117. The second insulating member 215 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the sixth wall 2118. The maximum dimension of the first insulating member 214 in the third direction W is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating member 215 in the third direction W is e2, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm.

[0560] (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1) can be any one of the point values ​​0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0561] e1 can be any point value among 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0562] e2 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0563] In this embodiment, W1-a-4mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the first direction U, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 2mm. T1-b-4mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the second direction V, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 2mm. K1-c-e1-e2 indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the third direction W, when a first insulating member 214 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the fifth wall 2117, and a second insulating member 215 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the sixth wall 2118.

[0564] In this embodiment, (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, so that the space reserved for the electrode assembly 213 inside the shell 211 is increased, allowing it to accommodate a larger electrode assembly 213, so that the volume energy density of the battery cell 21 is further improved.

[0565] In some embodiments, W1 ≥ T1, the first direction U is parallel to the length direction X of the box, the second direction V is parallel to the width direction Y of the box, and the third direction W is parallel to the height direction Z of the box.

[0566] As an example, the first direction U is the length direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, the second direction V is the width direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, and the third direction W is the height direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, so that the length direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the length direction X of the box body, the width direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the width direction Y of the box body, and the height direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the height direction Z of the box body.

[0567] When the end cover 2112 is set at only one end of the shell 2111 and W1≥T1, the end cover 2112 and the fifth wall 2117 of the shell 211 are relatively set along the height direction Z of the box body, the first wall 2113 and the second wall 2114 of the shell 211 are relatively set along the length direction X of the box body, and the third wall 2115 and the fourth wall 2116 of the shell 211 are relatively set along the width direction Y of the box body, which is beneficial to increase the volume share of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11.

[0568] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 22-25. Figure 22 is an isometric view of a battery cell 21 provided in other embodiments of the present application; Figure 23 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 22; Figure 24 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 22 taken along the UW plane; and Figure 25 is an exploded view of the battery cell 21 shown in Figure 22 taken along the VW plane. The outer shell 211 includes a housing 2111 and two end caps 2112. The housing 2111 has two openings arranged opposite each other along a third direction W. The two end caps 2112 respectively cover the two openings. At least one end cap 2112 is provided with an electrode terminal 212. The housing 2111 includes a first wall 2113, a second wall 2114, a third wall 2115, and a fourth wall 2116, which are integrally formed. The two end caps 2112 are respectively a fifth wall 2117 and a sixth wall 2118.

[0569] In this embodiment, the shell 2111 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends. There are two end covers 2112 in the outer shell 211 , and the two end covers 2112 respectively close the openings at both ends of the shell 2111 .

[0570] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figures 24 and 25. The thickness of the first wall 2113 and the thickness of the second wall 2114 are both a1, 2*a1=a; the thickness of the third wall 2115 and the thickness of the fourth wall 2116 are both b1, 2*b1=b; the thickness of the fifth wall 2117 and the thickness of the sixth wall 2118 are c1, 2*c1=c, c1>a1, c1>b1. 0.5mm≤a1≤1.5mm, 0.5≤b1≤1.5mm, 1.0mm≤c1≤4mm.

[0571] In order to reduce the possibility of interference between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 during the process of being installed into the shell 2111 and reduce the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 213, a certain assembly gap (i.e., shell entry gap) will be reserved for the electrode assembly 213 when designing the shell 2111. The assembly gap can be 0.8-2mm.

[0572] In addition, in order to reduce the possibility of internal short circuit of the battery cell 21, an insulating member can be provided inside the shell 211, but the insulating member will inevitably occupy a portion of the internal space of the shell 211, thereby reducing the space left for the electrode assembly 213 and the electrolyte.

[0573] In some embodiments, the battery cell 21 further includes a third insulating member 216 and a fourth insulating member 217. The third insulating member 216 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the fifth wall 2117. The fourth insulating member 217 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the sixth wall 2118. The maximum dimension of the third insulating member 216 in the third direction W is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member 217 in the third direction W is e4, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm.

[0574] (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1) can be any one of the point values ​​0.88, 0.89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0575] e3 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0576] e4 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0577] In this embodiment, W1-a-1.6mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the first direction U, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 0.8mm. T1-b-1.6mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the second direction V, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 0.8mm. K1-c-e3-e4 indicate the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the third direction W, when a third insulating member 216 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the fifth wall 2117, and a fourth insulating member 217 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the sixth wall 2118. Both the third insulating member 216 and the fourth insulating member 217 may be lower plastic.

[0578] In this embodiment, W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, so that the space reserved for the electrode assembly 213 inside the shell 211 is increased, allowing it to accommodate a larger electrode assembly 213, so that the volume energy density of the battery cell 21 is further improved.

[0579] In some embodiments, the battery cell 21 further includes a third insulating member 216 and a fourth insulating member 217. The third insulating member 216 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the fifth wall 2117. The fourth insulating member 217 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213 and abuts against the sixth wall 2118. The maximum dimension of the third insulating member 216 in the third direction W is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating member 217 in the third direction W is e4, satisfying the following conditions: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm.

[0580] (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1) can be any one of the point values ​​0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.90, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0581] e3 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0582] e4 can be any point value of 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., or a range value between any two of them.

[0583] In this embodiment, W1-a-4mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the first direction U, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 2mm. T1-b-4mm indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the second direction V, when the assembly gap between the electrode assembly 213 and the shell 2111 is 2mm. K1-c-e3-e4 indicates the maximum dimension of the internal space of the outer shell 211 reserved for the electrode assembly 213 along the third direction W, when a third insulating member 216 is disposed between the fifth wall 2117 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the fifth wall 2117, and a fourth insulating member 217 is disposed between the sixth wall 2118 and the electrode assembly 213, abutting the sixth wall 2118.

[0584] In this embodiment, (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, so that the space reserved for the electrode assembly 213 inside the shell 211 is increased, allowing it to accommodate a larger electrode assembly 213, so that the volume energy density of the battery cell 21 is further improved.

[0585] In some embodiments, W1 ≥ T1, the first direction U is parallel to the height direction Z of the box, the second direction V is parallel to the width direction Y of the box, and the third direction W is parallel to the length direction X of the box.

[0586] As an example, the first direction U is the length direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, the second direction V is the width direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, and the third direction W is the height direction of the shell 211 of the battery cell 21, so that the length direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the height direction Z of the box, the width direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the width direction Y of the box, and the height direction of the shell 211 is parallel to the length direction X of the box.

[0587] When end covers 2112 are provided at both ends of the shell 2111 and W1 ≥ T1, the two end covers 2112 of the shell 211 are arranged along the length direction X of the box body, the first wall 2113 and the second wall 2114 of the shell 211 are arranged along the height direction Z of the box body, and the third wall 2115 and the fourth wall 2116 of the shell 211 are relatively arranged along the width direction Y of the box body, which is beneficial to increase the volume share of all battery cells 21 in the battery compartment 11.

[0588] In some embodiments, 0.003 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.04m 3 .

[0589] W1*T1*K1 can be 0.003m 3 , 0.005m 3 , 0.008m 3 , 0.01m 3 , 0.013m 3 , 0.015m 3 , 0.018m 3 , 0.02m 3 , 0.023m 3 , 0.025m 3 、0.028m 3 , 0.03m 3 、0.033m 3 , 0.035m 3 、0.038m 3 , 0.04m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0590] In this embodiment, W1*T1*K1≥0.003m 3 , so that the wall thickness of the shell 211 is not too small while the ratio of the volume of the internal space of the shell 211 to the volume of the shell 211 is greater than 0.9, thereby meeting the structural strength requirements of the shell 211; W1*T1*K1≤0.04m 3 , the capacity and current of the battery cell 21 can be controlled within a suitable range, reducing the risk of damage to overcurrent components in the circuit.

[0591] In some embodiments, 0.0032 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.032m 3 .

[0592] In this embodiment, W1*T1*K1 can be 0.0032m 3 、0.0035m 3 、0.0042m 3 , 0.005m 3 , 0.006m 3 , 0.007m 3 , 0.008m 3 , 0.009m 3 , 0.01m 3 , 0.011m 3 , 0.012m 3, 0.013m 3 , 0.014m 3 , 0.015m 3 , 0.016m 3 、0.017m 3 , 0.018m 3 , 0.019m 3 , 0.02m 3 , 0.021m 3 、0.022m 3 , 0.023m 3 、0.024m 3 , 0.025m 3 , 0.026m 3 、0.027m 3 、0.028m 3 、0.029m 3 , 0.03m 3 、0.031m 3 、0.032m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0593] In this embodiment, 0.0032m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.032m 3 , taking into account the structural strength of the shell 211 and the heat generation requirements of the battery cell 21, further improving the structural strength of the shell 211, and reducing the risk of damage to overcurrent components in the circuit.

[0594] In some embodiments, 0.00372 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.0125m 3 .

[0595] In this embodiment, W1*T1*K1 can be 0.00372m 3 、0.0039m 3 、0.0042m 3 、0.0046m 3 、0.0048m 3 , 0.005m 3 、0.0052m 3 、0.0058m 3 , 0.006m 3 、0.0062m 3 、0.0068m 3 , 0.007m 3 、0.0072m 3 、0.0078m 3 , 0.008m3 、0.0082m 3 、0.0088m 3 , 0.009m 3 、0.0092m 3 、0.0098m 3 , 0.01m 3 、0.0102m 3 、0.0108m 3 , 0.011m 3 、0.0112m 3 、0.0118m 3 , 0.012m 3 、0.0125m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0596] In some embodiments, 0.004 m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.006m 3 .

[0597] In this embodiment, it can be 0.004m 3 , 0.0041m 3 、0.0042m 3 、0.0043m 3 、0.0044m 3 , 0.0045m 3 、0.0046m 3 、0.0047m 3 、0.0048m 3 、0.0049m 3 , 0.005m 3 、0.0051m 3 、0.0052m 3 、0.0053m 3 、0.0054m 3 、0.0055m 3 、0.0056m 3 、0.0057m 3 、0.0058m 3 、0.0059m 3 , 0.006m 3 Any point value of the above or any range of values ​​between them.

[0598] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery cell 21 includes lithium-containing phosphate, and the capacity of the battery cell 21 is C, satisfying: C≥350Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥118Ah / L.

[0599] Lithium-containing phosphates include but are not limited to: at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium iron manganese phosphate, and a composite material of lithium iron manganese phosphate and carbon.

[0600] When the positive electrode material of the battery cell 21 includes lithium phosphate and C ≥ 350Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to above 118Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, which is conducive to achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to the volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be above 0.9.

[0601] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the battery cell 21 includes lithium transition metal oxide, and the capacity of the battery cell 21 is C, which satisfies: C≥650Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥190Ah / L.

[0602] Lithium transition metal oxides include but are not limited to lithium cobalt oxide (such as LiCoO2), lithium nickel oxide (such as LiNiO2), lithium manganese oxide (such as LiMnO2, LiMn2O4), lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (such as LiNi 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2 (also referred to as NCM 333 ), LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also referred to as NCM 523 ), LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also referred to as NCM 211 ), LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also referred to as NCM 622 ), LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 (also referred to as NCM 811 ), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (such as LiNi 0.85 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O2) and at least one of its modified compounds, etc.

[0603] When the positive electrode material of the battery cell 21 includes lithium transition metal oxide and C≥650Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to above 190Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, which is conducive to achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to the volume of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to be above 0.9.

[0604] In some embodiments, the battery cell 21 is a sodium ion battery cell 21 , and the capacity of the battery cell 21 is C, satisfying: C≥260Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥87Ah / L.

[0605] When the battery cell 21 is a sodium ion battery cell 21 and C ≥ 260 Ah, setting C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c)) to above 87 Ah / L can increase the volume ratio of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21, which is conducive to achieving a ratio of the volume of the internal space of the outer shell 211 of the battery cell 21 to the volume of the outer shell 211 of 0.9 or above.

[0606] It should be noted that, unless there is any conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0607] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application are intended to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising: A box body having a battery compartment; A plurality of battery cells are accommodated in the battery compartment, wherein the battery cells include a shell and an electrode terminal, and the electrode terminal is disposed on the shell; The volume of the battery compartment is V1, the sum of the volumes of the outer shells of the plurality of battery cells is V2, and 0.4≤V2 / V1≤0.

95.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: 0.5≤V2 / V1≤0.85; optionally, 0.52≤V2 / V1≤0.

75.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The volume of the outer shell of each battery cell is V3, and the number of the battery cells in the battery compartment is N1, satisfying: V2=V3*N1.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein: 0.0001≤V3 / V1≤0.00025; optionally, 0.00015≤V3 / V1≤0.0002.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: 0.0026m 3 ≤V3≤0.008m 3 ; Optionally, 0.004m 3 ≤V3≤0.006m 3 .

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The volume of the box is V, which satisfies: 0.45≤V1 / V≤0.75; optionally, 0.55≤V1 / V≤0.

65.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, wherein: 20m 3 ≤V≤80m 3 ; Optionally, 35m 3 ≤V≤50m 3 .

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of battery cells arranged along the length direction of the box body; Along the length direction, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the sum of the sizes of the outer shells of the multiple battery cells arranged in the battery compartment is L2, satisfying: 0.6≤L2 / L1≤0.95; optionally, 0.75≤L2 / L1≤0.

9.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, wherein: Along the length direction, the size of the outer shell of each battery cell is L3, and N2 battery cells are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: L2=L3*N2.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, wherein: 0.03≤L3 / L1≤0.12; optionally, 0.055≤L3 / L1≤0.

09.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein: 0.17m≤L3≤0.6m; optionally, 0.2m≤L3≤0.45m.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein: Along the length direction, the size of the box is L, which satisfies: 0.65≤L1 / L≤0.95; optionally, 0.75≤L1 / L≤0.

9.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, wherein: 3m≤L≤9m; optionally, 5m≤L≤7m.

14. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of battery cells arranged along the width direction of the box body; Along the width direction, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the sum of the sizes of the outer shells of the plurality of battery cells arranged in the battery compartment is D2, satisfying: 0.6≤D2 / D1≤0.95; optionally, 0.75≤D2 / D1≤0.

9.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 14, wherein: Along the width direction, the size of the outer shell of each battery cell is D3, and N3 battery cells are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: D2 = D3*N3.

16. The energy storage device according to claim 15, wherein: 0.02≤D3 / D1≤0.05; optionally, 0.032≤D3 / D1≤0.

04.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 15 or 16, wherein: 0.04m≤D3≤0.12m; optionally, 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m.

18. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein: Along the width direction, the dimension of the box is D, which satisfies: 0.65≤D1 / D≤0.99; optionally, 0.75≤D1 / D≤0.

92.

19. The energy storage device according to claim 18, wherein: 1.5m≤D≤3.5m; optionally, 2m≤D≤3m.

20. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of battery cells arranged along the height direction of the box body; Along the height direction, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the sum of the sizes of the outer shells of the plurality of battery cells arranged in the battery compartment is H2, satisfying: 0.6≤H2 / H1≤0.95; optionally, 0.7≤H2 / H1≤0.

9.

21. The energy storage device according to claim 20, wherein: Along the height direction, the size of the outer shell of each battery cell is H3, and N4 battery cells are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: H2=H3*N4.

22. The energy storage device according to claim 21, wherein: 0.07≤H3 / H1≤0.12; optionally, 0.08≤H3 / H1≤0.

1.

23. The energy storage device according to claim 20 or 21, wherein: 0.17m≤H3≤0.6m; optionally, 0.2m≤H3≤0.45m.

24. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein: Along the height direction, the size of the box is H, satisfying: 0.55≤H1 / H≤0.85; optionally, 0.65≤H1 / H≤0.

78.

25. The energy storage device according to claim 24, wherein: 1.5m≤H≤3.5m; optionally, 2m≤H≤3m.

26. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein: The battery compartment contains at least one battery, and the battery includes a plurality of battery cells.

27. The energy storage device according to claim 26, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of batteries arranged along the length direction of the box body; Along the length direction, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is L4, satisfying: 0.7≤L4 / L1≤0.96; optionally, 0.78≤L4 / L1≤0.

91.

28. The energy storage device according to claim 27, wherein: Along the length direction, the size of each battery is L5, and N5 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: L4=L5*N5.

29. The energy storage device of claim 28, wherein: 1m≤L5≤1.5m, 2≤N5≤6.

30. The energy storage device of claim 26, wherein: Along the length direction of the box body, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is L1, and the size of the battery is L5, satisfying: 0.8≤L5 / L1≤0.99; optionally, 0.85≤L5 / L1≤0.

93.

31. The energy storage device of claim 30, wherein: 4m≤L5≤8m; optionally, 5.5m≤L5≤6.8m.

32. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 31, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of batteries arranged along the width direction of the box body; Along the width direction, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is D4, satisfying: 0.7≤D4 / D1≤0.96; optionally, 0.78≤D4 / D1≤0.

91.

33. The energy storage device of claim 32, wherein: Along the width direction, the size of each battery is D5, and N6 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: D4=D5*N6.

34. The energy storage device of claim 33, wherein: 1m≤D5≤1.5m, 2≤N6≤3.

35. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 31, wherein: Along the width direction of the box body, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is D1, and the size of the battery is D5, satisfying: 0.8≤D5 / D1≤0.99; optionally, 0.85≤D5 / D1≤0.

93.

36. The energy storage device of claim 35, wherein: 1.5m≤D5≤2.5m; optionally, 1.7m≤D5≤2.3m.

37. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 36, wherein: The battery compartment contains a plurality of batteries arranged along the height direction of the box body; Along the height direction, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the sum of the sizes of the multiple batteries arranged in the battery compartment is H4, satisfying: 0.6≤H4 / H1≤0.99; optionally, 0.7≤H4 / H1≤0.

92.

38. The energy storage device of claim 37, wherein: Along the height direction, the size of each battery is H5, and N7 batteries are arranged in the battery compartment, satisfying: H4=H5*N7.

39. The energy storage device of claim 38, wherein: 0.2m≤H5≤0.3m, 2≤N7≤10.

40. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 36, wherein: Along the height direction of the box body, the battery compartment only accommodates one battery, the size of the battery compartment is H1, and the size of the battery is H5, satisfying: 0.8≤H5 / H1≤0.99; optionally, 0.85≤H5 / H1≤0.

93.

41. The energy storage device of claim 40, wherein: 1.5m≤H5≤2.5m; optionally, 1.7m≤H5≤2.3m.

42. The energy storage device of claim 26, wherein: The battery compartment includes a plurality of sub-compartments arranged along the length direction of the box body, and each of the sub-compartments accommodates at least one battery.

43. The energy storage device of claim 42, wherein: The volume of the sub-compartment is V4, and the sum of the volumes of the batteries in the sub-compartments is V5, satisfying; 0.75≤V5 / V4≤0.95; optionally, 0.82≤V5 / V4≤0.

9.

44. The energy storage device of claim 42 or 43, wherein: Along the length direction of the box body, the sub-compartment only accommodates one battery.

45. The energy storage device of claim 44, wherein: Along the length direction, the size of the sub-compartment is L6, and the size of the battery is L5, which satisfies: 0.85≤L5 / L6≤0.99; optionally, 0.88≤L5 / L6≤0.

95.

46. ​​The energy storage device according to any one of claims 42 to 45, wherein: Along the width direction of the box body, the sub-compartment only accommodates one battery.

47. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 42 to 46, wherein: Along the height direction of the box body, the sub-compartment accommodates a plurality of the batteries.

48. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 42 to 47, wherein: The number of the sub-bins is less than or equal to 4.

49. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 48, wherein: The volume of the battery is V6, and the sum of the volumes of the outer shells of the plurality of battery cells of the battery is V7, satisfying: 0.5≤V7 / V6≤0.8; optionally, 0.58≤V7 / V6≤0.

7.

50. The energy storage device of claim 49, wherein: The number of battery cells of the battery is N8, and the volume of the housing of each battery cell is V3, satisfying: V7=V3*N8.

51. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 26 to 50, wherein: The battery includes p*q battery cells, which are arranged in p rows and q columns. The battery cells in each row are arranged along the length direction of the box, and the battery cells in each column are arranged along the width direction of the box. Both p and q are positive integers.

52. The energy storage device of claim 51, wherein: In each row of the battery cells, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells of q battery cells along the length direction is L7, and the dimension of the battery along the length direction is L5, satisfying: 0.8≤L7 / L5≤0.95; optionally, 0.85≤L7 / L5≤0.

9.

53. The energy storage device of claim 52, wherein: Along the length direction, the size of the outer shell of each battery cell is L3, satisfying: L3=L7 / q, 0.17m≤L3≤0.6m, 1≤q≤5.

54. The energy storage device of claim 53, wherein: q=4,0.2m≤L3≤0.3m.

55. The energy storage device of claim 53, wherein: q=2,0.4m≤L3≤0.6m.

56. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 51 to 55, wherein: In each column of the battery cells, the sum of the dimensions of the outer shells of p battery cells along the width direction is D7, and the dimension of the battery along the width direction is D5, satisfying: 0.75≤D7 / D5≤0.95; optionally, 0.82≤D7 / D5≤0.

9.

57. The energy storage device of claim 56, wherein: Along the width direction, the size of the outer shell of each battery cell is D3, satisfying: D3=D7 / p, 0.04m≤D3≤0.12m, 20≤p≤30.

58. The energy storage device of claim 57, wherein: 0.06m≤D3≤0.08m, 24≤p≤28.

59. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 51 to 58, wherein: The dimension of the outer shell of the battery cell along the height direction of the box body is H3, and the dimension of the battery along the height direction is H5, which satisfies: 0.75≤H3 / H5≤0.95; optionally, 0.82≤H3 / H5≤0.

9.

60. The energy storage device of claim 59, wherein: 0.17m≤H3≤0.6m; optionally, 0.2m≤H3≤0.45m.

61. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 60, wherein: The battery cell further comprises at least one electrode assembly, wherein the electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing; The shell is in the shape of a right parallelepiped, the size of the shell in the first direction is W1, the size of the shell in the second direction is T1, The dimension of the housing in the third direction is K1, one of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is parallel to the length direction of the box, another is parallel to the width direction of the box, and another is parallel to the height direction of the box; The shell includes a first wall and a second wall arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, a third wall and a fourth wall arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, and a fifth wall and a sixth wall arranged opposite to each other along the third direction. The sum of the thicknesses of the first wall and the second wall is a, the sum of the thicknesses of the third wall and the fourth wall is b, and the sum of the thicknesses of the fifth wall and the sixth wall is c, satisfying: (W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.

9.

62. The energy storage device of claim 61, wherein: (W1-a) / W1≥0.97, (T1-b) / T1≥0.965, and (K1-c) / K1≥0.

965.

63. The energy storage device of claim 61 or 62, wherein: The housing comprises a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover covers the opening, and the end cover is provided with the electrode terminal; The shell includes the first wall, the second wall, the third wall, the fourth wall and the fifth wall which are integrally formed, and the end cover is the sixth wall.

64. The energy storage device of claim 63, wherein: The battery cell further includes a first insulating member and a second insulating member, wherein the first insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the fifth wall; the second insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the sixth wall; The maximum dimension of the first insulating part in the third direction is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating part in the third direction is e2, satisfying: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm.

65. The energy storage device of claim 63 or 64, wherein: The battery cell further includes a first insulating member and a second insulating member, wherein the first insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the fifth wall; the second insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the sixth wall; The maximum dimension of the first insulating part in the third direction is e1, and the maximum dimension of the second insulating part in the third direction is e2, satisfying: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e1-e2) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 0.3mm≤e1≤1.2mm, and 2mm≤e2≤10mm.

66. The energy storage device of any one of claims 63-65, wherein: W1≥T1, the first direction is parallel to the length direction of the box, the second direction is parallel to the width direction of the box, and the third direction is parallel to the height direction of the box.

67. The energy storage device of claim 61 or 62, wherein: The housing comprises a shell and two end covers, the shell has two openings arranged opposite to each other along the third direction, the two end covers cover the two openings respectively, and at least one of the end covers is provided with the electrode terminal; The shell includes the first wall, the second wall, the third wall and the fourth wall which are integrally formed, and the two end covers are the fifth wall and the sixth wall respectively.

68. The energy storage device of claim 67, wherein: The battery cell further includes a third insulating member and a fourth insulating member, wherein the third insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the fifth wall; the fourth insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the sixth wall; The maximum dimension of the third insulating part in the third direction is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating part in the third direction is e4, satisfying: (W1-a-1.6mm)*(T1-b-1.6mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.88, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm.

69. The energy storage device of claim 67 or 68, wherein: The battery cell further includes a third insulating member and a fourth insulating member, wherein the third insulating member is disposed between the fifth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the fifth wall; the fourth insulating member is disposed between the sixth wall and the electrode assembly and abuts against the sixth wall; The maximum dimension of the third insulating part in the third direction is e3, and the maximum dimension of the fourth insulating part in the third direction is e4, satisfying: (W1-a-4mm)*(T1-b-4mm)*(K1-c-e3-e4) / (W1*T1*K1)≥0.85, 2mm≤e3≤10mm, and 2mm≤e4≤10mm.

70. The energy storage device of any one of claims 67-69, wherein: W1≥T1, the first direction is parallel to the height direction of the box, the second direction is parallel to the width direction of the box, and the third direction is parallel to the length direction of the box.

71. The energy storage device of any one of claims 61-70, wherein: 0.003m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.04m 3 ; Optionally, 0.0032m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.032m 3 ; Optionally, 0.00372m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.0125m 3 ; Optionally, 0.004m 3 ≤W1*T1*K1≤0.006m 3 .

72. The energy storage device of any one of claims 61-71, wherein: The positive electrode material of the battery cell includes lithium phosphate, and the capacity of the battery cell is C, which satisfies: C≥350Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥118Ah / L.

73. The energy storage device of any one of claims 61-71, wherein: The positive electrode material of the battery cell includes lithium transition metal oxide, and the capacity of the battery cell is C, which satisfies: C≥650Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥190Ah / L.

74. The energy storage device of any one of claims 61-71, wherein: The battery cell is a sodium ion battery cell, and the capacity of the battery cell is C, which satisfies: C≥260Ah, C / ((W1-a)*(T1-b)*(K1-c))≥87Ah / L.

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