Bud grafting-based rubber tree breeding new material induction method

Abstract

The invention provides a bud grafting-based rubber tree breeding new material induction method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a stock variety and a scion variety; s2, the rootstock variety and the scion variety are rejuvenized; s3, stock and scion preparation; s4, budding; s5, screening of bud grafting mutagenesis materials: phenotype identification screening, stress resistance identification screening or molecular identification screening; according to the method, rubber tree varieties with complementary characters are selected as stocks and scions, so that the overall characters are effectively improved; target traits of the scions are gradually induced to be effectively optimized through multiple budding of the young budlings, and the stability of the traits is improved; through molecular identification screening, adversity stress screening and phenotype identification screening, a target budding mutagenesis plant is rapidly and accurately screened out, the new variety breeding process is accelerated, the breeding period is shortened, and the idea is broadened for creation of new rubber tree breeding materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a method for inducing new rubber tree breeding materials based on budding. Background Art

[0002] Bud grafting is an important asexual reproduction method in rubber tree seedling breeding. It combines the excellent traits of scion and rootstock, which can accelerate the reproduction of excellent varieties and maintain the stability of varieties. By selecting suitable scion and rootstock, bud grafting technology can not only increase the growth rate of rubber trees, but also be conducive to the stability of traits and maintain excellent economic traits. In production, the first leaf of bud grafted seedlings will show the phenotypic traits of scion and rootstock at the same time, indicating that the rootstock has a significant effect on the scion traits. In theory, genetic information is transmitted between the rootstock and scion in the form of miRNA, transporter proteins, etc. In addition, during the fusion and development of the cambium at the junction of the rootstock and scion, some rootstock cells may be embedded in the scion tissue to form a chimera. The above phenomena and theories provide a basis for inducing scion variation through bud grafting technology. Through bud grafting, breeders can improve some traits of scion varieties in a shorter period of time, shorten the breeding cycle, and ensure that the excellent traits of the scion varieties are inherited.

[0003] However, at present, how to select suitable scion and rootstock combinations in rubber tree breeding, improve budding technology, purposefully induce trait variation in scion varieties, improve the comprehensive traits of scion, and shorten the cultivation cycle of new varieties is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for inducing new rubber tree breeding materials based on budding, which improves the comprehensive traits of existing varieties, shortens the cultivation cycle of new varieties, and broadens the ideas for breeding new rubber tree materials.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding, the specific steps comprising:

[0007] S1. Selection of rootstock and scion varieties: Select rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstock and scion varieties;

[0008] The "trait complementation" of the present invention refers to that a rubber tree variety with excellent main traits (such as fast growth, high yield and other main traits) but obvious defects in one or a few traits (such as cold resistance) can be used as a scion variety, and a variety with excellent complementary traits (such as cold resistance) of the scion variety is a rootstock variety. For example, the variety Reyan 879 has excellent yield traits but poor cold resistance, and the variety 93114 has excellent cold resistance traits but low yield. At this time, Reyan 879 can be used as a scion variety and 93114 as a rootstock variety;

[0009] S2. Juvenility of stock and scion varieties: When the stock or scion variety has no juvenile buds, juvenility is carried out, specifically:

[0010] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using 1-2 year old seedlings as rootstocks, and using buds on the mother tree branches of the rubber tree variety to be rejuvenated as scions;

[0011] (2) bud grafting, after the bud pieces survive, saw off the trunk of the stock, so that the bud pieces germinate and grow bud strips, after the bud strips grow the third leaf, use the bud pieces with the third leaf and above as scions, and bud grafting again with 1-2 year old seed seedlings as stock, repeat the above process 3-4 times, and obtain young bud strips of the stock variety or scion variety;

[0012] S3. Preparation of rootstock and scion: Specifically:

[0013] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using 1-2 year old seedlings as rootstocks, and using the third leaf and above buds on the young buds of the rootstock variety in step S2 as scions;

[0014] (2) bud grafting, sawing off the main trunk of the stock, allowing the buds to germinate and grow buds, and when the buds grow the fourth leaf and above, use them as the intermediate stock for bud grafting mutagenesis;

[0015] (3) using the third leaf and above of the young buds of the scion variety in step S2 as the scion for budding mutagenesis;

[0016] S4, budding: budding the scion induced by budding in step S3(3) onto the trunk of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(2); after the buds survive, sawing off the trunk of the intermediate stock, allowing the buds to germinate and grow the first fluffy leaves; grafting the buds of the first fluffy leaves as scion buds onto the trunk of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(2); repeating the above process 3-5 times to obtain candidate budding induced plants;

[0017] S5. Screening of budding mutagenesis materials: Perform phenotypic identification screening, stress resistance identification screening or molecular identification screening on the candidate budding mutagenesis plants obtained in step S4. When the budding mutagenesis plants meet the requirements of phenotypic identification screening, stress resistance identification screening or molecular identification screening, they can be used as budding mutagenesis breeding materials for breeding new rubber tree varieties.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S2(2) and step S3(2), the budding is performed on the trunk of the stock 5-10 cm above the ground.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S2(2), step S3(2) and step S4, the position where the trunk of the rootstock is sawed off is 5-10 cm above the bud.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S4, the position on the trunk of the intermediate rootstock induced by budding in step S3(2) where the scion budded in step S3(3) is budded is on the trunk above the third leaf; the position on the trunk of the intermediate rootstock induced by budding in step S3(2) where the bud of the first leaf serves as the scion is on the trunk above the third leaf.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific steps of phenotypic identification and screening are:

[0022] (1) Planting candidate budding mutagenesis plants in the field, with scion variety plants and rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0023] (2) After the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and control plants grow the fifth leaf, phenotypic trait testing is performed in accordance with the "NY / T2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Uniformity and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree";

[0024] Among them, Appendix A1 of "NY / T 2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Consistency and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree" contains 31 basic traits of rubber trees (including leaf canopy shape, leaf greenness, leaf glossiness, etc.) and Appendix A2 of "Selected Traits of Rubber Trees" (3 traits including glue dry glue content, powdery mildew resistance, anthracnose resistance, etc.) for phenotypic trait testing;

[0025] (3) If the phenotypic traits of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant meet any of the conditions (a)-(c), it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0026] (a) Having the specific characteristics of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety;

[0027] (b) Traits between those specific to scion plants and rootstock plants;

[0028] (c) The characteristics of the plants are significantly changed compared to the scion varieties.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific steps of the stress resistance identification and screening are:

[0030] (1) budding and propagating the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, and using the scion variety plants and the rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0031] (2) subjecting the plants to simulate low temperature, drought or wind or any one or a combination of these stresses in an artificial climate chamber, and observing the phenotypic changes of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants;

[0032] (3) If the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants show obvious differences after stress treatment, they are the target budding mutagenesis plants.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific steps of the molecular identification and screening are: selecting leaves of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, scion varieties and stock varieties, extracting DNA, selecting molecular marker primers with obvious differential polymorphisms between the scion variety and the stock variety, performing PCR amplification, and detecting the polymorphism of the products; when the PCR product of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant has the molecular marker polymorphisms of both the scion variety and the stock variety, it is the target budding mutagenesis plant.

[0034] Furthermore, the molecular marker primers include SSR, SNP, MNP, but are not limited thereto.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S5, the breeding of new rubber tree varieties is carried out in accordance with "NY / T 607-2018 Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Breeding".

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The budding-based new material induction method for rubber tree breeding of the present invention effectively improves the overall scion variety traits by selecting rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstocks and scions; the traits of the scions are gradually induced to be effectively optimized and the trait stability is improved by young buds and multiple budding; target budding-induced plants are quickly and accurately screened out by molecular identification screening, stress resistance identification screening and phenotypic identification screening, thereby accelerating the new variety breeding process and shortening the breeding cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the budding rejuvenation of the juvenile rootstock of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a bud grafting diagram for the scion variety and the rootstock variety of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a scion growth diagram after budding of the scion variety and the rootstock variety of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0044] The "trait complementarity" of the present invention means that rubber tree varieties with excellent main traits (such as fast growth, high yield and other main traits) but obvious defects in one or a few traits (such as cold resistance) can be used as scion varieties, and varieties with excellent complementary traits (such as cold resistance) to the scion varieties can be used as rootstock varieties. For example, the variety Reyan 879 has excellent yield traits but poor cold resistance, and the variety 93114 has excellent cold resistance traits but low yield. At this time, Reyan 879 can be used as a scion variety and 93114 can be used as a rootstock variety.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding, the specific steps comprising:

[0047] S1. Selection of rootstock and scion varieties: Select rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstock and scion varieties;

[0048] S2. Juvenility of stock and scion varieties: When the stock or scion variety has no juvenile buds, juvenility is carried out, specifically:

[0049] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using one-year-old seedlings as rootstocks and buds on the mother tree branches of the rubber tree variety to be rejuvenated as scions;

[0050] (2) bud grafting is performed on the trunk of the stock 8 cm above the ground. After the bud piece survives, the trunk of the stock is sawed off 5 cm above the bud piece to allow the bud piece to germinate and grow bud strips. After the bud strips grow the third leaf, the bud piece with the third leaf and above is used as the scion, and the bud grafting is performed again with the one-year-old seedling as the stock;

[0051] (3) repeating the process of step (2) three times to obtain young buds of the rootstock variety or the scion variety;

[0052] S3. Preparation of rootstock and scion: Specifically:

[0053] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using a one-year-old seedling as a rootstock, and using the third leaf and above buds on the young buds of the rootstock variety in step S2 as scions;

[0054] (2) Bud grafting is performed on the main trunk of the stock 10 cm above the ground, and the main trunk of the stock is sawed off 10 cm above the bud, so that the bud sprouts and grows buds;

[0055] (3) When the buds grow out of the fourth leaf and above, the buds are used as the intermediate rootstock for budding mutagenesis, and the buds of the third leaf and above of the young buds of the scion variety in step S2 are used as the scions for budding mutagenesis;

[0056] S4, budding: budding the scion induced by budding in step S3(3) onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3); after the bud survives, sawing off the trunk of the intermediate stock 10 cm above the bud, allowing the bud to germinate and grow the first leaf; grafting the bud of the first leaf as the scion bud onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3); repeating the above process 4 times to obtain candidate budding induced plants;

[0057] S5. Phenotypic identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0058] (1) Planting candidate budding mutagenesis plants in the field, with scion variety plants and rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0059] (2) After the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and control plants grow the fifth leaf, phenotypic trait testing is performed in accordance with the "NY / T2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Uniformity and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree";

[0060] (3) If the phenotypic traits of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant meet any of the conditions (a)-(c), it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0061] (a) Having the specific characteristics of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety;

[0062] (b) Traits between those specific to scion plants and rootstock plants;

[0063] (c) The characteristics of the plants are significantly changed compared to the scion varieties.

[0064] S6. Identification and screening of stress resistance of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0065] (1) budding and propagating the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, and using the scion variety plants and the rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0066] (2) subjecting the plants to simulate low temperature, drought or wind or any one or a combination of these stresses in an artificial climate chamber, and observing the phenotypic changes of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants;

[0067] (3) If the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants show obvious differences after stress treatment, they are the target budding mutagenesis plants.

[0068] S7. Molecular identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials: Select leaves of candidate budding mutagenesis plants, scion varieties and rootstock varieties, extract DNA, select molecular marker primers (including but not limited to SSR, SNP, MNP, etc.) with obvious polymorphisms between scion varieties and rootstock varieties, perform PCR amplification, and detect the polymorphism of the products. When the PCR product of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant has molecular marker polymorphisms of both scion varieties and rootstock varieties, it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0069] When the budding mutagenesis plants meet any of the conditions S5, S6 or S7, they can be used as budding mutagenesis breeding materials and new rubber tree varieties can be selected and bred according to the "NY / T 607-2018 Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Breeding".

[0070] Example 2

[0071] A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding, the specific steps comprising:

[0072] S1. Selection of rootstock and scion varieties: Select rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstock and scion varieties;

[0073] S2. Juvenility of stock and scion varieties: When the stock or scion variety has no juvenile buds, juvenility is carried out, specifically:

[0074] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using 2-year-old seedlings as rootstocks and buds on the mother tree branches of the rubber tree variety to be rejuvenated as scions;

[0075] (2) bud grafting is performed on the trunk of the stock 5 cm above the ground. After the bud piece survives, the trunk of the stock is sawed off 8 cm above the bud piece to allow the bud piece to germinate and grow bud strips. After the bud strips grow the third leaf, the bud piece with the third leaf and above is used as the scion, and the bud grafting is performed again with the 2-year-old seedling as the stock;

[0076] (3) repeating the process of step (2) 4 times to obtain young buds of the rootstock variety or the scion variety;

[0077] S3. Preparation of rootstock and scion: Specifically:

[0078] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using a 2-year-old seedling as a rootstock, and using the third leaf and above buds on the young buds of the rootstock variety in step S2 as scions;

[0079] (2) Bud grafting is performed on the main trunk of the stock 10 cm above the ground, and the main trunk of the stock is sawed off 10 cm above the bud, so that the bud sprouts and grows buds;

[0080] (3) When the buds grow out of the fourth leaf and above, the buds are used as the intermediate rootstock for budding mutagenesis, and the buds of the third leaf and above of the young buds of the scion variety in step S2 are used as the scions for budding mutagenesis;

[0081] S4, budding: budding the scion induced by budding in step S3(3) onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3); after the bud survives, sawing off the trunk of the intermediate stock 10 cm above the bud, allowing the bud to germinate and grow the first leaf; grafting the bud of the first leaf as the scion bud onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3); repeating the above process 3 times to obtain candidate budding induced plants;

[0082] S5. Phenotypic identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0083] (1) Planting candidate budding mutagenesis plants in the field, with scion variety plants and rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0084] (2) After the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and control plants grow the fifth leaf, phenotypic trait testing is performed in accordance with the "NY / T2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Uniformity and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree";

[0085] (3) If the phenotypic traits of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant meet any of the conditions (a)-(c), it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0086] (a) Having the specific characteristics of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety;

[0087] (b) Traits between those specific to scion plants and rootstock plants;

[0088] (c) The characteristics of the plants are significantly changed compared to the scion varieties.

[0089] S6. Identification and screening of stress resistance of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0090] (1) budding and propagating the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, and using the scion variety plants and the rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0091] (2) subjecting the plants to simulate low temperature, drought or wind or any one or a combination of these stresses in an artificial climate chamber, and observing the phenotypic changes of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants;

[0092] (3) If the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants show obvious differences after stress treatment, they are the target budding mutagenesis plants.

[0093] S7. Molecular identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials: Select leaves of candidate budding mutagenesis plants, scion varieties and rootstock varieties, extract DNA, select molecular marker primers (including but not limited to SSR, SNP, MNP, etc.) with obvious polymorphisms between scion varieties and rootstock varieties, perform PCR amplification, and detect the polymorphism of the products. When the PCR product of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant has molecular marker polymorphisms of both scion varieties and rootstock varieties, it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0094] When the budding mutagenesis plants meet any of the conditions S5, S6 or S7, they can be used as budding mutagenesis breeding materials and new rubber tree varieties can be selected and bred according to the "NY / T 607-2018 Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Breeding".

[0095] Example 3

[0096] A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding, the specific steps comprising:

[0097] S1. Selection of rootstock and scion varieties: Select rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstock and scion varieties;

[0098] S2. Juvenility of stock and scion varieties: When the stock or scion variety has no juvenile buds, juvenility is carried out, specifically:

[0099] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using one-year-old seedlings as rootstocks and buds on the mother tree branches of the rubber tree variety to be rejuvenated as scions;

[0100] (2) bud grafting is performed on the trunk of the stock 5 cm above the ground. After the bud piece survives, the trunk of the stock is sawed off 8 cm above the bud piece to allow the bud piece to germinate and grow bud strips. After the bud strips grow the third leaf, the bud piece with the third leaf and above is used as the scion, and the bud grafting is performed again with the one-year-old seedling as the stock;

[0101] (3) repeating the process of step (2) three times to obtain young buds of the rootstock variety or the scion variety;

[0102] S3. Preparation of rootstock and scion: Specifically:

[0103] (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using a one-year-old seedling as a rootstock, and using the third leaf and above buds on the young buds of the rootstock variety in step S2 as scions;

[0104] (2) Bud grafting is performed on the main trunk of the stock 8 cm above the ground, and the main trunk of the stock is sawed off 8 cm above the bud, so that the bud sprouts and grows buds;

[0105] (3) When the buds grow out of the fourth leaf and above, the buds are used as the intermediate rootstock for budding mutagenesis, and the buds of the third leaf and above of the young buds of the scion variety in step S2 are used as the scions for budding mutagenesis;

[0106] S4, budding: budding the scion induced by budding in step S3(3) onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3); after the bud piece survives, sawing off the trunk of the intermediate stock 8 cm above the bud piece, so that the bud piece germinates and grows the first leaf, grafting the bud piece of the first leaf as the scion bud onto the trunk above the third leaf of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(3), repeating the above process 5 times to obtain candidate budding mutagenized plants;

[0107] S5. Phenotypic identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0108] (1) Planting candidate budding mutagenesis plants in the field, with scion variety plants and rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0109] (2) After the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and control plants grow the fifth leaf, phenotypic trait testing is performed in accordance with the "NY / T2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Uniformity and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree";

[0110] (3) If the phenotypic traits of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant meet any of the conditions (a)-(c), it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0111] (a) Having the specific characteristics of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety;

[0112] (b) Traits between those specific to scion plants and rootstock plants;

[0113] (c) The characteristics of the plants are significantly changed compared to the scion varieties.

[0114] S6. Identification and screening of stress resistance of budding mutagenesis materials:

[0115] (1) budding and propagating the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, and using the scion variety plants and the rootstock variety plants as control plants;

[0116] (2) subjecting the plants to simulate low temperature, drought or wind or any one or a combination of these stresses in an artificial climate chamber, and observing the phenotypic changes of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants;

[0117] (3) If the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants show obvious differences after stress treatment, they are the target budding mutagenesis plants.

[0118] S7. Molecular identification and screening of budding mutagenesis materials: Select leaves of candidate budding mutagenesis plants, scion varieties and rootstock varieties, extract DNA, select molecular marker primers (including but not limited to SSR, SNP, MNP, etc.) with obvious polymorphisms between scion varieties and rootstock varieties, perform PCR amplification, and detect the polymorphism of the products. When the PCR product of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant has molecular marker polymorphisms of both scion varieties and rootstock varieties, it is the target budding mutagenesis plant;

[0119] When the budding mutagenesis plants meet any of the conditions S5, S6 or S7, they can be used as budding mutagenesis breeding materials and new rubber tree varieties can be selected and bred according to the "NY / T 607-2018 Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Breeding".

[0120] Test example

[0121] The new rubber tree varieties were bred by the budding-based rubber tree breeding new material induction method of Examples 1-3, the time taken to complete the breeding of the new rubber tree varieties was counted, and the budding mutation rate was calculated.

[0122] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0123] Table 1

[0124]

[0125] As can be seen from Table 1, the new material induction method for rubber tree breeding of the present invention can significantly shorten the breeding cycle of new varieties, has a good budding induction rate, and can effectively improve the economic benefits of rubber trees.

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new material induction method for rubber tree breeding based on budding, characterized in that, The specific steps include: S1. Selection of rootstock and scion varieties: Select rubber tree varieties with complementary traits as rootstock and scion varieties; S2. Juvenility of stock and scion varieties: When the stock or scion variety has no juvenile buds, juvenility is carried out, specifically: (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using 1-2 year old seedlings as rootstocks, and using buds on the mother tree branches of the rubber tree variety to be rejuvenated as scions; (2) bud grafting, after the bud pieces survive, saw off the trunk of the stock, so that the bud pieces germinate and grow bud strips, after the bud strips grow the third leaf, use the bud pieces with the third leaf and above as scions, and bud grafting again with 1-2 year old seed seedlings as stock, repeat the above process 3-4 times, and obtain young bud strips of the stock variety or scion variety; S3. Preparation of rootstock and scion: Specifically: (1) cultivating seedlings from rubber tree seeds, using 1-2 year old seedlings as rootstocks, and using the third leaf and above buds on the young buds of the rootstock variety in step S2 as scions; (2) bud grafting, sawing off the main trunk of the stock, allowing the buds to germinate and grow buds, and when the buds grow the fourth leaf and above, use them as the intermediate stock for bud grafting mutagenesis; (3) using the third leaf and above of the young buds of the scion variety in step S2 as the scion for budding mutagenesis; S4, budding: budding the scion induced by budding in step S3(3) onto the trunk of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(2); after the buds survive, sawing off the trunk of the intermediate stock, allowing the buds to germinate and grow the first fluffy leaves; grafting the buds of the first fluffy leaves as scion buds onto the trunk of the intermediate stock induced by budding in step S3(2); repeating the above process 3-5 times to obtain candidate budding induced plants; S5. Screening of budding mutagenesis materials: Perform phenotypic identification screening, stress resistance identification screening or molecular identification screening on the candidate budding mutagenesis plants obtained in step S4. When the budding mutagenesis plants meet the requirements of phenotypic identification screening, stress resistance identification screening or molecular identification screening, they can be used as budding mutagenesis breeding materials for breeding new rubber tree varieties.

2. A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2(2) and step S3(2), the budding is performed on the main trunk of the stock 5-10 cm above the ground.

3. a kind of rubber tree breeding new material induction method based on budding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, In step S2(2), step S3(2) and step S4, the position where the trunk of the rootstock is sawed off is 5-10 cm above the bud.

4. a kind of rubber tree breeding new material induction method based on budding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, In step S4, the position on the trunk of the intermediate rootstock induced by budding in step S3(2) where the scion budded in step S3(3) is budded is above the third leaf; the position on the trunk of the intermediate rootstock induced by budding in step S3(2) where the bud of the first leaf serves as the scion is above the third leaf.

5. A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the specific steps of phenotypic identification and screening are: (1) Planting candidate budding mutagenesis plants in the field, with scion variety plants and rootstock variety plants as control plants; (2) After the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and control plants grow the fifth leaf, phenotypic trait testing is performed in accordance with the "NY / T2749-2015 Guidelines for Specificity, Uniformity and Stability Testing of New Plant Varieties - Rubber Tree"; (3) If the phenotypic traits of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant meet any of the conditions (a)-(c), it is the target budding mutagenesis plant; (a) Having the specific characteristics of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety; (b) Traits between those specific to scion plants and rootstock plants; (c) The characteristics of the plants are significantly changed compared to the scion varieties.

6. A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the specific steps of the stress resistance identification and screening are: (1) budding and propagating the candidate budding mutagenesis plants, and using the scion variety plants and the rootstock variety plants as control plants; (2) subjecting the plants to simulate low temperature, drought or wind or any one or a combination of these stresses in an artificial climate chamber, and observing the phenotypic changes of the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants; (3) If the candidate budding mutagenesis plants and the control plants show obvious differences after stress treatment, they are the target budding mutagenesis plants.

7. A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the specific steps of the molecular identification and screening are: selecting leaves of candidate budding mutagenesis plants, scion varieties and rootstock varieties, extracting DNA, selecting molecular marker primers with obvious differential polymorphisms between the scion variety and the rootstock variety, performing PCR amplification, and detecting the polymorphism of the products. When the PCR product of the candidate budding mutagenesis plant has the molecular marker polymorphisms of both the scion variety and the rootstock variety, it is the target budding mutagenesis plant.

8. A method for inducing new materials for rubber tree breeding based on budding as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The molecular marker primers include SSR, SNP, and MNP.

9. a kind of rubber tree breeding new material induction method based on budding as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, In step S5, the breeding of new rubber tree varieties is carried out in accordance with "NY / T 607-2018 Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Breeding".

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