Coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor and system using waste heat from combustion tail gas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor and system that utilizes the waste heat of combustion exhaust gas. The reactor includes a combustion exhaust gas channel, a reforming chamber, and a fuel superheating channel arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a sheathed structure. The reforming chamber and the superheating channel are connected by a baffled superheating chamber. The baffled superheating chamber is located on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel. The end of the fuel superheating channel is provided with a fuel inlet. The reforming chamber also includes a reformed gas outlet. The fuel inlet and the reformed gas outlet are both located on the combustion exhaust gas outlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel. The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor of the present invention is composed of a sheathed structure with an outermost combustion exhaust gas channel, a reforming chamber on the middle side, and an innermost fuel superheating channel. The working fluid flows in opposite directions in adjacent channels, and a cross-flow arrangement is used to improve the heat exchange effect. The three areas are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low from the outside to the inside according to the working temperature, which can maximize heat utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of methanol reforming hydrogen production, and in particular to a coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor and system utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas. Background Art

[0002] The continuous growth of energy demand and over-reliance on fossil energy have gradually caused environmental problems such as global warming and ozone depletion. The development and replacement of renewable, green and environmentally friendly clean energy is a key research to solve the current energy crisis. Hydrogen energy, as a secondary energy with "zero carbon" emissions, has the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution and easy storage. It can provide a solution to the problem of energy shortage and promote the development of distributed power generation and progress in the energy field. However, the challenges in the production, storage and transportation of hydrogen have severely restricted the application and development of hydrogen energy. Because methanol steam reforming (MSR) has low temperature, high hydrogen concentration and low CO concentration, it has received widespread attention in hydrogen energy applications as a solution for liquid hydrogen storage and transportation and on-site hydrogen production.

[0003] Hydrogen fuel cells convert the Gibbs free energy portion of the chemical energy of hydrogen fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. They are not restricted by the Carnot cycle effect and do not require mechanical transmission components, resulting in high energy efficiency. Currently, the rapid development of fuel cells in power generation applications has placed further and more stringent requirements on efficient and safe hydrogen storage and supply systems. High-temperature fuel cells, due to their excellent CO tolerance, can use hydrogen-rich reformed gas as fuel, while eliminating the need for complex water and thermal management systems. Applying methanol steam reforming technology to high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells can create an efficient and portable methanol reforming fuel cell system.

[0004] The high-temperature flue gas generated by catalytic combustion transfers heat to the reforming chamber through the partitions and fin structure. The flow field structure and heat transfer performance on the flue gas side play a decisive role in heat transfer. Non-uniform heat transfer can lead to uneven heating in the methanol steam reforming chamber, resulting in severe temperature gradients, which in turn affect catalyst performance and hydrogen production stability. Furthermore, the residence time of the reactants and the catalyst temperature distribution within the reforming hydrogen production reactor are key factors in achieving high conversion rates. A mismatch between the reforming hydrogen production reactor structure and heat transfer rate can lead to uneven catalyst temperature distribution, limiting MSR performance and even causing problems such as catalyst deactivation, sintering, and reactor structural damage. Too short a reactant residence time makes it difficult to ensure a full reaction, while too long a residence time can exacerbate the reverse water-gas shift reaction, leading to elevated CO concentrations. While the system's high efficiency and portability require an efficient heat transfer structure for the reforming hydrogen production reactor, it also presents the challenge of lightweight design. Complex fins or heat transfer structures fail to significantly improve heat transfer and actually increase the mass of the reformer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor and system that utilizes waste heat from combustion exhaust. This approach addresses the issues of large temperature fluctuations and uneven temperature distribution in the reforming chamber caused by combustion heat, which can lead to low catalytic efficiency and hydrogen production efficiency in methanol reforming hydrogen production.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing the waste heat of combustion exhaust gas, comprising a combustion exhaust gas channel, a reforming chamber, and a fuel superheating channel arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a sheathed structure, wherein the reforming chamber and the superheating channel are connected via a baffled superheating chamber, wherein the baffled superheating chamber is located on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel, a fuel inlet is provided at the end of the fuel superheating channel, the reforming chamber further comprises a reformed gas outlet, and both the fuel inlet and the reformed gas outlet are located on the combustion exhaust gas outlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel;

[0007] The heat-carrying combustion exhaust gas enters the combustion exhaust gas channel from the combustion exhaust gas inlet, and is discharged from the combustion exhaust gas outlet after heat exchange; the vaporized methanol water fuel enters the fuel superheating channel from the fuel inlet, is initially heated by the reforming gas in the reforming chamber, and then enters the deflection superheating chamber, where it is further heated by the combustion exhaust gas on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side, and then enters the reforming chamber, where it is continuously heated by the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel to cause a reforming reaction to produce reformed gas, which is finally discharged from the reforming gas outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the combustion exhaust gas channel includes an exhaust gas channel shell and a heat exchange fin plate arranged in the exhaust gas channel shell. The two ends of the exhaust gas channel shell respectively form a combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity and a combustion exhaust gas exhaust cavity, both of which are conical in shape. The combustion exhaust gas inlet is located at the front end of the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity, and the combustion exhaust gas outlet is located at the end of the combustion exhaust gas exhaust cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the reforming chamber includes a reforming housing located inside the exhaust gas channel housing, a plurality of rectangular baffles arranged in the reforming housing, a front air guide cover sealedly connected to the front end of the reforming housing, and a rear air guide cover sealedly connected to the rear end of the reforming housing, and the outer sides of the front air guide cover and the rear air guide cover both have conical guide surfaces;

[0010] The reforming shell is filled with a bed of reforming catalyst particles;

[0011] The heat exchange fins in the exhaust gas channel shell are arranged around the reforming shell, and the heat exchange fins are connected between the inner wall of the exhaust gas channel shell and the outer wall of the reforming shell.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of rectangular baffles are arranged in an interlaced manner in the reforming shell along the direction from the front end to the end of the reforming shell, thereby forming an S-shaped first baffle channel for the reforming gas to flow through inside the reforming shell; wherein, the direction from the front end to the end of the reforming shell is the same as the airflow direction of the reforming gas in the reforming chamber, and is also the same as the airflow direction of the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel.

[0013] Preferably, the front air guide cover is located in the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity, and the internal cavity of the front air guide cover forms the deflection superheating chamber. The middle and side parts of the rear end of the deflection superheating chamber are respectively provided with a deflection chamber inlet and a deflection chamber outlet. The deflection chamber inlet is connected to the fuel superheating channel, and the deflection chamber outlet is connected to the reforming chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the inside of the deflection superheat chamber is provided with a plurality of annular deflection plates which are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the cavity between the plurality of annular deflection plates forms a plurality of second deflection channels which are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside in an annular shape, the inlet of the deflection chamber is connected to the air inlet ends of all the second deflection channels, and the air outlet ends of all the second deflection channels are connected to the outlet of the deflection chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the rear air guide cover is located in the combustion tail gas exhaust chamber, a first reforming gas outlet connected to the rear air guide cover is provided at the end of the reforming chamber, a second reforming gas outlet is provided on the side of the rear air guide cover, and the second reforming gas outlet is connected to the reforming gas outlet through a reforming gas delivery channel; the reforming gas outlet is formed on the tail gas channel outer casing.

[0016] Preferably, the fuel overheating channel includes an overheating channel shell located in the reforming shell, the front end of the overheating channel shell is connected to the deflection chamber inlet, the end of the overheating channel shell passes through the reforming shell and the exhaust gas channel shell in sequence, and the fuel inlet is formed on the exhaust gas channel shell.

[0017] In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction system utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas, comprising a waste heat recovery device, a burner, and the reforming hydrogen production reactor as described above;

[0018] During operation of the system, the reformed gas discharged from the reforming chamber is supplied to the external high-temperature fuel cell anode, the hydrogen-containing tail gas produced by the high-temperature fuel cell anode is transported to the burner as the burner fuel, and the combustion tail gas produced by the burner is transported to the combustion tail gas inlet of the combustion tail gas channel for heat supply;

[0019] The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion exhaust gas channel enters the waste heat recovery device to recover heat. The waste heat recovery device heats the methanol water fuel to vaporize it and then transports it to the fuel inlet of the fuel superheating channel.

[0020] Preferably, an electric heater is provided in the burner, and the electric heater is used to heat and vaporize the methanol water fuel during the startup process of the system to serve as fuel for the burner startup process; after the system operates stably, the electric heater stops working, and the burner only uses the hydrogen-containing exhaust gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell anode as fuel.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention provides an encapsulated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor and a reaction system that utilize the waste heat of combustion exhaust gas. The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor of the present invention is composed of an outermost combustion exhaust gas channel, a reforming chamber on the middle side, and an innermost fuel superheating channel in a sequentially encapsulated structure. The working fluids in adjacent channels flow in opposite directions, and a cross-flow arrangement is utilized to improve the heat exchange effect. The three areas are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low according to the operating temperature, thereby maximizing heat utilization.

[0023] The arrangement of rectangular baffles in the reforming chamber can achieve uniform temperature distribution in the reforming chamber and increase the residence time of reactants in the reforming chamber, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency and stability of methanol reforming hydrogen production; the gasified methanol water fuel absorbs the waste heat of the reforming reaction in the innermost superheating channel to achieve superheating, which can improve the reaction rate of the reforming chamber inlet section; the arrangement of annular baffles in the baffle superheating chamber can improve the heat exchange efficiency and temperature distribution uniformity; the overall structure of the reactor is compact, and the coordination of the combustion exhaust channel, reforming chamber, fuel superheating channel, and baffle superheating chamber can improve the heat utilization efficiency, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency and stability of methanol reforming hydrogen production, and the reactor can be used for small methanol reforming fuel cell systems.

[0024] The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor in the present invention can utilize catalytic combustion tail gas for heat supply. Its fuel includes methanol water fuel and anode tail gas of high-temperature fuel cell, which can effectively reduce fuel consumption and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor using waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 BB is a structural schematic diagram of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor using waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor using waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor using waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchange fins of the coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuel inlet of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor using waste heat from combustion exhaust gas in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of another perspective of the interior of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the baffled superheat chamber of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing the waste heat of combustion tail gas in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction system using waste heat from combustion tail gas in Example 2;

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1—combustion exhaust gas channel; 11—exhaust gas channel housing; 12—heat exchange fins; 13—combustion exhaust gas inlet chamber; 14—combustion exhaust gas exhaust chamber;

[0036] 2—Reforming chamber; 21—Reforming housing; 22—Rectangular baffle; 23—Front deflector; 24—Rear deflector; 25—Conical guide surface; 26—First deflection channel; 27—First reformed gas outlet; 241—Second reformed gas outlet; 28—Reformed gas delivery channel; 29—Reformed gas outlet;

[0037] 3—fuel superheating channel; 31—superheating channel housing; 32—fuel inlet;

[0038] 4—baffle superheat chamber; 41—baffle chamber inlet; 42—annular baffle plate; 43—second baffle channel; 44—baffle chamber outlet;

[0039] 100—Reforming hydrogen production reactor; 200—Burner; 300—Waste heat recovery device; 400—High-temperature fuel cell anode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0041] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Reference Figure 1-8 This embodiment provides a sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor that utilizes the waste heat of combustion exhaust gas, comprising a combustion exhaust gas channel 1, a reforming chamber 2, and a fuel superheating channel 3, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a sheathed structure. The reforming chamber 2 and the superheating channel are connected via a baffled superheating chamber 4, which is located on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel 1. A fuel inlet 32 ​​is provided at the end of the fuel superheating channel 3. The reforming chamber 2 also includes a reformed gas outlet 29. Both the fuel inlet 32 ​​and the reformed gas outlet 29 are located on the combustion exhaust gas outlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel 1.

[0044] The heat-carrying combustion exhaust gas enters the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 from the combustion exhaust gas inlet, and is discharged from the combustion exhaust gas outlet after heat exchange; the vaporized methanol water fuel enters the fuel superheating channel 3 from the fuel inlet 32, is initially heated by the reforming gas in the reforming chamber 2, and then enters the deflection superheating chamber 4, where it is further heated by the combustion exhaust gas on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side, and then enters the reforming chamber 2, where it is continuously heated by the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 to reach the required operating temperature, thereby causing a reforming reaction to produce reformed gas, which is finally discharged from the reforming gas outlet 29.

[0045] Figure 1 A side view of the reactor and a cross-sectional view of section AA are shown in FIG.

[0046] When the reactor is in use, it needs to be used in conjunction with a waste heat recovery device 300 and a burner 200. The burner 200 uses methanol water or hydrogen-containing exhaust gas emitted from the anode of a warm fuel cell as fuel to generate combustion exhaust gas carrying heat, which enters the combustion exhaust gas channel to provide a heat source for the entire reactor; the waste heat recovery device 300 uses the combustion exhaust gas after being utilized through the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 to preheat and gasify the methanol water dye to further recover heat, which will be further explained in conjunction with Example 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 includes an exhaust gas channel shell 11 and a heat exchange fin 12 arranged in the exhaust gas channel shell 11. The two ends of the exhaust gas channel shell 11 respectively form a combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13 and a combustion exhaust gas exhaust cavity 14, both of which are conical in shape. The combustion exhaust gas inlet is at the front end of the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13, and the combustion exhaust gas outlet is at the end of the combustion exhaust gas exhaust cavity 14.

[0048] For ease of description, the front end and the rear end in this article are described with reference to the airflow direction of the combustion exhaust gas, that is, Figure 1 The left side is the front end, and the back side is the rear end. The combustion exhaust and reformed gas both flow from front to back, while the methanol-water fuel flows from the rear end to the front.

[0049] In this embodiment, the reforming chamber 2 includes a reforming housing 21 located inside the exhaust duct housing 11, a plurality of rectangular baffles 22 disposed within the reforming housing 21, a front air guide 23 sealedly connected to the front end of the reforming housing 21, and a rear air guide 24 sealedly connected to the rear end of the reforming housing 21. The outer sides of the front air guide 23 and the rear air guide 24 are both provided with conical guide surfaces 25.

[0050] The design of the conical structure is conducive to achieving uniform diversion of the combustion exhaust gas. The conical guide surface 25 on the front fairing 23 can not only evenly guide the combustion exhaust gas entering the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13 to the surrounding combustion exhaust gas channels 1, but also increase the contact area through the conical structure, thereby promoting the heat transfer between the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13 and the methanol-water fuel in the deflection superheat chamber 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, the reforming shell 21 is filled with a bed of reforming catalyst particles, specifically a bed of Cu / ZnO / Al2O3 reforming catalyst (BASF rp-60) particles; the reforming catalyst is cylindrical particles with an average diameter of 1 mm and a height of 3 mm.

[0052] The heat exchange fins 12 in the exhaust gas passage housing 11 are arranged around the reforming housing 21 , and the heat exchange fins 12 are connected between the inner wall of the exhaust gas passage housing 11 and the outer wall of the reforming housing 21 .

[0053] In this embodiment, a number of rectangular baffles 22 are arranged in an interlaced manner inside the reforming shell 21 along the direction from the front end to the end of the reforming shell 21, thereby forming an S-shaped first baffle channel 26 inside the reforming shell 21 for the reforming gas to flow through; through this structural arrangement, the residence time of the gas in the reforming chamber 2 can be effectively increased.

[0054] In this embodiment, the front air guide hood 23 is located in the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13, and the internal cavity of the front air guide hood 23 forms a deflection superheating chamber 4. The middle and side parts of the rear end of the deflection superheating chamber 4 are respectively provided with a deflection chamber inlet 41 and a deflection chamber outlet 44. The deflection chamber inlet 41 is connected to the fuel superheating channel 3, and the deflection chamber outlet 44 is connected to the reforming chamber 2.

[0055] In this embodiment, a plurality of annular baffles 42 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the baffle superheat chamber 4, and the cavity between the plurality of annular baffles 42 forms a plurality of second baffle channels 43 in a ring shape that are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in a nested manner. The baffle chamber inlet 41 is connected to the air inlet end of all the second baffle channels 43, and the air outlet end of all the second baffle channels 43 are connected to the baffle chamber outlet 44.

[0056] The design of the annular baffle 42 can increase the residence time of the methanol-water fuel in the baffle superheat chamber 4 , so that it can fully transfer heat with the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas entering the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity 13 .

[0057] In this embodiment, the rear air guide 24 is located in the combustion exhaust gas exhaust chamber 14, and a first reforming gas outlet 27 connected to the rear air guide 24 is opened at the end of the reforming chamber 2, and a second reforming gas outlet 241 is opened on the side of the rear air guide 24. The second reforming gas outlet 241 is connected to the reforming gas outlet 29 through the reforming gas delivery channel 28; the reforming gas outlet 29 is formed on the exhaust channel outer shell 11.

[0058] In this embodiment, the fuel overheating channel 3 includes an overheating channel shell 31 located in the reforming shell 21. The front end of the overheating channel shell 31 is connected to the deflection chamber inlet 41. The end of the overheating channel shell 31 passes through the reforming shell 21 and the exhaust gas channel shell 11 in sequence, and forms a fuel inlet 32 ​​on the exhaust gas channel shell 11.

[0059] In this embodiment, the exhaust duct housing 11, the reforming housing 21, the superheating duct housing 31, and the front air guide 23 are all made of metal materials with good thermal conductivity (such as copper), thereby ensuring the efficiency of the partition-type heat conduction. Other structural materials can be ordinary aluminum alloys.

[0060] In this embodiment, the total length of the fuel overheating channel 3 is 160 mm.

[0061] In this embodiment, the molar ratio of water to methanol in the methanol-water fuel is 1:5.

[0062] The working process of the sheathed methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor 100 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0063] The combustion exhaust gas carrying a lot of heat enters the combustion exhaust gas inlet chamber 13 from the combustion exhaust gas inlet. Under the action of the conical guide surface 25 of the front guide cover 23, it evenly enters the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 from all sides. After heat exchange, it enters the combustion exhaust gas exhaust chamber 14 and is finally guided by the rear guide cover 24 and discharged from the combustion exhaust gas outlet.

[0064] The vaporized methanol-water fuel enters the fuel superheating channel 3 through the fuel inlet 32, and passes through the combustion exhaust gas exhaust chamber 14 and the rear deflector 24 in sequence during the entry process. During this process, it can also exchange heat with the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas exhaust chamber 14 to achieve heat recovery; it flows from the rear end to the front end in the fuel superheating channel 3 and exchanges heat with the reformed gas flowing from the front end to the rear end in the reforming chamber 2, thereby being initially superheated;

[0065] Then it enters the deflection chamber 4 through the deflection chamber inlet 41, and is further heated by the combustion exhaust gas on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side through the heat transfer effect of the front guide cover 23 in the deflection chamber 4, and then enters the reforming chamber 2 through the deflection chamber outlet 44 after passing through the second deflection channel 43. In the reforming chamber 2, it flows from front to back through the guiding effect of the first deflection channel 26, and is continuously heated by the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel 1 to reach the required working temperature, so that a reforming reaction occurs to produce reformed gas. The reformed gas first passes through the first reforming gas port 27 into the rear guide cover 24, and is then discharged from the second reforming gas port 241 into the reforming gas delivery channel 28, and is finally discharged from the reforming gas outlet 29.

[0066] During the entire process, the methanol-water fuel entering the reactor first undergoes pre-heat exchange in the combustion tail gas exhaust chamber 14, then undergoes primary heating in the fuel superheating channel 3, secondary heating in the deflection superheating chamber 4, and finally is heated again in the reforming chamber 2 until it reaches the required operating temperature and a reforming reaction occurs to produce reformed gas. The structural design of the reactor can achieve efficient use of heat.

[0067] The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor 100 in this embodiment is composed of a sequentially enclosed structure consisting of the outermost combustion exhaust gas channel 1, the middle-side reforming chamber 2, and the innermost fuel superheating channel 3. The working fluid flows in adjacent channels in opposite directions, and a cross-flow arrangement is used to improve the heat exchange effect. The three areas are arranged in a stepped manner from high to low from the outside to the inside according to the working temperature, which can maximize heat utilization.

[0068] The arrangement of the rectangular baffle 22 in the reforming chamber 2 can achieve uniform temperature distribution in the reforming chamber 2 and increase the residence time of the reactants in the reforming chamber 2, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency and stability of methanol reforming hydrogen production; the gasified methanol water fuel absorbs the waste heat of the reforming reaction in the innermost superheating channel to achieve superheating, which can improve the reaction rate of the inlet section of the reforming chamber 2; the arrangement of the annular baffle 42 in the baffle superheating chamber 4 can improve the heat exchange efficiency and temperature distribution uniformity; the overall structure of the reactor is compact, and the coordination of the combustion exhaust channel 1, the reforming chamber 2, the fuel superheating channel 3, and the baffle superheating chamber 4 can improve the heat utilization efficiency, improve the hydrogen production efficiency and stability of methanol reforming hydrogen production, and the reactor can be used for a small methanol reforming fuel cell system.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Reference Figure 2 This embodiment provides a coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction system that utilizes the waste heat of combustion exhaust gas, including a waste heat recovery device 300, a burner 200 and the reactor of Example 1. The waste heat recovery device 300, the burner 200 and the reforming hydrogen production reactor 100 (referred to as the reactor for short) are connected by pipelines; wherein, an electric heater is provided in the burner 200.

[0071] The burner 200 can use methanol water as fuel or hydrogen-containing tail gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell anode 400 as fuel. After catalytic combustion, these fuels will be converted into a mixture of combustion-generated CO2, H2O and residual air.

[0072] Among them, the burner 200 is a catalytic burner 200, which is filled with a platinum-based combustion catalyst (Jiangxi Zhongke Kairui methanol heating catalyst). The hydrogen-containing exhaust gas emitted by the high-temperature fuel cell anode 400 is used as the fuel of the burner 200. After mixing with the combustion air, it enters the catalytic burner 200 to produce a combustion exhaust gas with a higher temperature.

[0073] The operation process of the system is:

[0074] During startup, the electric heater heats and vaporizes the methanol-water fuel to serve as fuel for the burner 200 startup process, providing initial combustion exhaust gas;

[0075] After the system is running stably, the electric heater stops working and the burner 200 uses only the hydrogen-containing tail gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell anode 400 as fuel, as follows:

[0076] The reformed gas discharged from the reforming chamber 2 is supplied to the external high-temperature fuel cell anode 400. The hydrogen-containing tail gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell anode 400 is transported to the burner 200 as fuel for the burner 200. The combustion tail gas generated by the burner 200 is transported to the combustion tail gas inlet of the combustion tail gas channel 1 to provide heat to the reactor.

[0077] The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion exhaust channel 1 enters the waste heat recovery device 300 to recover heat and then is discharged to the external environment. The waste heat recovery device 300 heats and vaporizes the methanol water fuel and then transports it to the fuel inlet 32 ​​of the fuel superheating channel 3. The methanol water fuel generates reformed gas through the reactor.

[0078] The methanol-water fuel is delivered by a pump and controlled by two valves on the pipeline. When the system is started, the valve leading to the burner 200 is opened and the valve leading to the reactor is closed, and the methanol-water fuel is delivered to the burner 200 as a starting fuel. After the system is running stably, the valve leading to the reactor is opened and the valve leading to the burner 200 is closed, and only the methanol-water fuel is delivered to the reactor to prepare reformed gas.

[0079] The temperature in the reactor is adjusted by controlling the amount of combustion exhaust gas, which is transported by a fan.

[0080] When the hydrogen supply demand or output power of the terminal changes, the hydrogen production of the reforming hydrogen production reactor 100 can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of methanol-water fuel entering the reactor.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to specific details.

Claims

1. A coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas, characterized in that: The fuel cell comprises a combustion exhaust gas channel, a reforming chamber, and a fuel superheating channel, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in an enclosing structure. The reforming chamber and the superheating channel are connected via a baffle superheating chamber, and the baffle superheating chamber is located on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel. The end of the fuel superheating channel is provided with a fuel inlet. The reforming chamber also includes a reformed gas outlet. Both the fuel inlet and the reformed gas outlet are located on the combustion exhaust gas outlet side of the combustion exhaust gas channel. The combustion exhaust gas carrying heat enters the combustion exhaust gas channel from the combustion exhaust gas inlet, and is discharged from the combustion exhaust gas outlet after heat exchange; the vaporized methanol-water fuel enters the fuel superheating channel from the fuel inlet, is initially heated by the reforming gas in the reforming chamber, and then enters the baffle superheating chamber. In the baffle superheating chamber, it is further heated by the combustion exhaust gas on the combustion exhaust gas inlet side, and then enters the reforming chamber. In the reforming chamber, it is continuously heated by the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel to produce reforming reaction, and the reformed gas is finally discharged from the reforming gas outlet; The exhaust gas channel includes an exhaust gas channel housing and a heat exchange fin plate disposed within the exhaust gas channel housing. Conical exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet cavities are formed at both ends of the exhaust gas channel housing. The exhaust gas inlet is located at the front end of the exhaust gas inlet cavity, and the exhaust gas outlet is located at the end of the exhaust gas outlet cavity. The reforming chamber includes a reforming housing located inside the exhaust gas channel housing, a plurality of rectangular baffles arranged in the reforming housing, a front air guide cover sealedly connected to the front end of the reforming housing, and a rear air guide cover sealedly connected to the rear end of the reforming housing, wherein the outer sides of the front air guide cover and the rear air guide cover both have conical guide surfaces; The reforming shell is filled with a bed of reforming catalyst particles; The heat exchange fins in the exhaust gas channel housing are arranged around the reformer housing, and the heat exchange fins are connected between the inner wall of the exhaust gas channel housing and the outer wall of the reformer housing; The front deflector is located in the combustion exhaust gas inlet cavity, and the internal cavity of the front deflector forms the baffle superheating chamber. The middle and side portions of the rear end of the baffle superheating chamber are respectively provided with a baffle chamber inlet and a baffle chamber outlet. The baffle chamber inlet is communicated with the fuel superheating channel, and the baffle chamber outlet is communicated with the reforming chamber. The rear air guide cover is located in the combustion tail gas exhaust chamber, and a first reforming gas outlet connected to the rear air guide cover is provided at the end of the reforming chamber. A second reforming gas outlet is provided on the side of the rear air guide cover, and the second reforming gas outlet is connected to the reforming gas outlet through a reforming gas delivery channel; the reforming gas outlet is formed on the tail gas channel outer shell.

2. The coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of rectangular baffles are arranged in an interlaced manner inside the reforming shell along the direction from the front end to the end of the reforming shell, thereby forming an S-shaped first baffle channel inside the reforming shell for the reformed gas to flow through; wherein, the direction from the front end to the end of the reforming shell is the same as the airflow direction of the reformed gas in the reforming chamber, and is also the same as the airflow direction of the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion exhaust gas channel.

3. The coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inside of the deflection superheat chamber is provided with a number of annular deflection plates which are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside. The cavity between the several annular deflection plates forms a number of second deflection channels which are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside in an annular shape. The inlet of the deflection chamber is connected to the air inlet ends of all the second deflection channels, and the air outlet ends of all the second deflection channels are connected to the outlet of the deflection chamber.

4. The coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuel overheating channel includes an overheating channel shell located in the reforming shell, the front end of the overheating channel shell is connected to the deflection chamber inlet, the end of the overheating channel shell passes through the reforming shell and the exhaust gas channel shell in sequence, and the fuel inlet is formed on the exhaust gas channel shell.

5. A coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction system utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas, characterized in that: It comprises a waste heat recovery device, a burner and a reforming hydrogen production reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4; During operation of the system, the reformed gas discharged from the reforming chamber is supplied to the external high-temperature fuel cell anode, the hydrogen-containing tail gas produced by the high-temperature fuel cell anode is transported to the burner as the burner fuel, and the combustion tail gas produced by the burner is transported to the combustion tail gas inlet of the combustion tail gas channel for heat supply; The combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion exhaust gas channel enters the waste heat recovery device to recover heat. The waste heat recovery device heats the methanol water fuel to vaporize it and then transports it to the fuel inlet of the fuel superheating channel.

6. The coated methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction system utilizing waste heat from combustion tail gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The burner is provided with an electric heater, which is used to heat and vaporize the methanol water fuel during the startup process of the system to serve as fuel for the burner startup process; after the system runs stably, the electric heater stops working, and the burner only uses the hydrogen-containing tail gas generated by the high-temperature fuel cell anode as fuel.

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