Special soil engineering collapse reinforcement devices and methods in cold regions

Abstract

The application provides a special soil engineering collapse reinforcing device and method in cold regions, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, which comprises a reinforcing plate, first reinforcing nails and second reinforcing nails; the first reinforcing nails and the second reinforcing nails are provided in multiple numbers and are distributed on the surface of the reinforcing plate; the first reinforcing nail comprises a buried section and a connecting section, the buried section and the connecting section are connected, the buried section is provided with a diameter expansion assembly, the diameter expansion assembly can extend radially to be inserted into the soil layer, the connecting section is connected with the reinforcing plate to make the reinforcing plate adhere to the slope, the first reinforcing nail is axially penetrated and internally movably sleeved with the second reinforcing nail, the second reinforcing nail can be axially drilled into the soil layer, and the diameter expansion assembly is inserted into the soil layer during the axial movement. The application solves the problem that the slope in the frozen soil engineering in cold regions is prone to collapse after construction is completed without effective reinforcing devices for reinforcing the slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, specifically to a device and method for reinforcing collapsed soil in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy in cold regions, more and more civil engineering projects are being carried out under special geological conditions. Permafrost areas and slope reinforcement have become key factors that cannot be ignored in these projects. These challenges are particularly significant in major projects such as the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, the Golmud-Lhasa oil pipeline, and the Dabanshan Tunnel.

[0003] In cold regions, permafrost is a common natural phenomenon, referring to rocks and soils containing ice with temperatures below 0°C. Permafrost is divided into two main categories: permanent permafrost and seasonal permafrost. Permafrost remains frozen year-round, while seasonal permafrost undergoes a cycle of freezing and thawing with the changing seasons. This freeze-thaw cycle poses a serious threat to the stability and safety of civil engineering projects.

[0004] Slope reinforcement is a crucial aspect of civil engineering in cold regions. When constructing on slopes, if timely reinforcement is not implemented, the soil structure can be damaged by seasonal changes and freeze-thaw cycles, leading to disasters such as thermal collapse. Such collapses not only damage the construction project itself but can also severely impact the surrounding environment, such as damaging transportation infrastructure and disrupting residents' lives.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors proposed a device and method for reinforcing special soil engineering collapses in cold regions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for reinforcing slopes in special soil engineering in cold regions, which can solve the problem that slopes are prone to collapse after construction is completed in frozen soil engineering in cold regions due to the lack of an effective reinforcement device.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions, comprising a reinforcement plate, a first reinforcement nail, and a second reinforcement nail;

[0008] Multiple first and second reinforcing nails are provided and distributed on the surface of the reinforcing plate. The first reinforcing nail includes an embedded section and a connecting section, which are connected. The embedded section is provided with an expansion component, which can extend radially to insert into the soil layer. The connecting section is connected to the reinforcing plate so that the reinforcing plate is attached to the slope. The first reinforcing nail is axially penetrating and has a second reinforcing nail movably sleeved inside. The second reinforcing nail can be drilled into the soil layer axially, and the expansion component is inserted into the soil layer during axial movement.

[0009] Optionally, the reinforcing plate includes an inner plate, a stiffening plate, and an outer plate. The stiffening plate is provided with multiple stiffening plates spaced apart and located between the inner plate and the outer plate. Both ends are fixedly connected to the inner plate and the outer plate, respectively. Multiple conical particles are fixedly attached to the side of the inner plate facing the soil layer.

[0010] Optionally, the diameter-expanding assembly includes an insert and a first abutment;

[0011] The insert includes a hook-shaped insertion end and an abutment end, which are connected. The first abutment is slidably connected to the first reinforcing nail and can only move axially. A through groove is provided on the side of the embedded section of the first reinforcing nail. The insert is rotatably installed in the through groove, and the hook-shaped insertion end can enter and exit the through groove to insert into the soil layer.

[0012] Initially, the hook-shaped insertion end is located within the through groove, and the hook-shaped insertion end is lower than the outer peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail;

[0013] Upon termination, the abutting end, driven by the first abutting member, causes the hook-shaped insertion end to insert into the soil layer.

[0014] Optionally, the radial dimension of one end of the second reinforcing nail drilled into the soil layer gradually decreases, and a spiral protrusion is fixed to the outer surface.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a first flexible element, a second flexible element, a liquid supply pipe, and a liquid outlet pipe;

[0016] A flow cavity is provided around the inner circumferential surface of the first reinforcing nail. The flow cavity is symmetrically arranged about the vertical center of the through groove. The flow cavity is used to introduce a first solution. A first flexible member is connected to the end face of the flow cavity away from the connecting section of the first reinforcing nail. A second flexible member is connected to the side of the flow cavity facing the second reinforcing nail. An injection port and an outlet port for the first solution to enter and exit are opened on the end face of the first reinforcing nail away from the embedding section. One end of the liquid supply pipe is connected to the injection port and the other end is connected to the flow cavity. One end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the outlet port and the other end is connected to the flow cavity.

[0017] The injection port is detachably connected to a second valve, and the discharge port is detachably connected to a third valve;

[0018] When the first liquid is not introduced, the first flexible member and the second flexible member are stacked in the flow cavity, and there is still space remaining in the flow cavity after the first flexible member and the second flexible member are housed.

[0019] A limiting platform is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail. The outer peripheral surface of the limiting platform is rotatably engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail. The side of the limiting platform is in contact with the first flexible component. The interior of the second reinforcing nail is blind-hole shaped for filling with a second solution. The supply pipe and the outlet pipe have gaps with the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail.

[0020] Optionally, the first solution is water and the second solution is liquid nitrogen.

[0021] Optionally, the injection port is further provided with a blocking assembly, which includes a second elastic element, a blocking head, and a receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is opened in the first reinforcing nail and is connected to the flow cavity through a liquid supply pipe. The blocking head is slidably connected in the receiving cavity. One end of the second elastic element is fixedly connected to the blocking head, and the other end is connected to the receiving cavity. The elastic force of the second elastic element causes the blocking head to abut against the inner wall of the receiving cavity.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a first stopcock, which is threadedly connected to the second reinforcing nail. The first stopcock is used to close the blind hole opening of the second reinforcing nail. The blind hole opening of the second reinforcing nail is also provided with an internal hexagonal groove, which is located between the first stopcock and the blind hole.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a limiting component for limiting the insertion member when it is rotated to the termination state, the limiting component including a third flexible member, a first elastic member, a second abutting member and a sliding groove;

[0024] The insert has an abutment hole on its side, the sliding groove is formed in the first reinforcing nail, the sliding groove is connected to the through groove, the second abutment is located in the sliding groove, one end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the second abutment, and the other end is connected to the sliding groove, the third flexible member is movably connected to the first reinforcing nail, one end of the third flexible member is fixedly connected to the second abutment, and the other end protrudes through the end face of the first reinforcing nail;

[0025] Initially, the second abutment abuts against the side of the insert under the elastic force of the first elastic member;

[0026] When the insert is rotated to the terminated state, the second abutment enters the abutment hole under the elastic force of the first elastic member.

[0027] A method for reinforcing collapsed soil structures in cold regions, employing the aforementioned reinforcement device, includes the following steps.

[0028] Precast hole fabrication: Precast holes are drilled on the slope using a drilling device. Then, a reinforcing plate is placed, with the inner plate of the reinforcing plate having the conical particles facing the soil layer. The first reinforcing nail is fitted with the second reinforcing nail. Then, the first reinforcing nail is inserted into the precast hole, and the first and second reinforcing nails are made to contact the bottom of the precast hole.

[0029] Loosening Frozen Soil: The injection port and discharge port of the first reinforcing nail are opened. A container is connected to the discharge port via a flexible hose to hold the first solution flowing out of the discharge port. The first solution is introduced into the injection port using an injection device. The first solution flows through the flow chamber and out of the discharge port. After a period of time, the flow of the first solution softens the deep frozen soil around the flow chamber. Once the frozen soil has softened, the second reinforcing nail is rotated. The spiral protrusion of the second reinforcing nail drills axially into the soil layer, simultaneously moving the first abutment member. After the second reinforcing nail has drilled a certain distance into the soil layer, the first abutment member... The second abutment abuts against the end of the insert, causing the hook-shaped insertion end of the insert to penetrate the soil layer until the second abutment, under the action of the first elastic member, completes the limiting of the insert; then, the third valve is tightened to close the outlet, and pressure is applied from the injection port using the pressurizing device to unfold the first and second flexible members. After the first flexible member fills the space between the limiting platform and the first flexible member after the axial displacement of the second reinforcing nail, the second flexible member fills the remaining space between the second flexible member and the outer circumference of the second reinforcing nail. Then, the pressurizing device is removed and the second valve is tightened.

[0030] Second solution filling: Inject the second solution into the second reinforcing nail, then tighten the first stopcock; wait for a period of time, the second solution causes the first solution in the flow chamber to change from liquid to solid, and causes the softened soil layer around the flow chamber to harden again.

[0031] As described above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] This application utilizes the cooperation between a reinforcing plate, a first reinforcing nail, and a second reinforcing nail. The reinforcing plate is attached to the slope, and the first and second reinforcing nails penetrate deep into the soil. This allows the reinforcing plate, along with the first and second reinforcing nails, to reinforce both the surface and interior of the soil, effectively reducing the risk of freeze-thaw cycles due to external temperature variations on the slope surface, thus minimizing the risk of slope collapse or landslides. The second reinforcing nail, with its spiral protrusions, can drill axially into deeper soil layers, strengthening the connection between the second reinforcing nail and the soil. Before the second reinforcing nail penetrates the soil, flowing water softens the frozen soil around the flow chamber, facilitating the insertion of the hook-shaped insertion end of the insert into the frozen soil layer during the axial penetration of the second reinforcing nail. Then, liquid nitrogen is filled into the second reinforcing nail. The liquid nitrogen hardens the softened soil again. At the same time, liquid nitrogen causes water to change from a liquid state to a solid state. During the process of liquid nitrogen causing water to change from a liquid state to a solid state, the volume of water increases, and the solid water is secured to the first and second reinforcing nails by the first and second flexible components. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 The diagram shows an exploded view of a reinforced plate in one orientation.

[0034] Figure 2 The diagram shows a reinforced plate structure in one orientation.

[0035] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structural positions of the first and second reinforcing nails.

[0036] Figure 4 The image shows a top view after the first and second reinforcing screws have been installed.

[0037] Figure 5 Displayed as Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA.

[0038] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the insert.

[0039] Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the first reinforcing nail and related components.

[0040] Figure 8 The diagram shows the internal structure of the first reinforcing nail and related components.

[0041] Figure 9 Displayed as Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0042] Figure 10 The diagram shows the structure of the second reinforcing nail.

[0043] Figure 11The diagram shows the internal structure of the second reinforcing nail.

[0044] Component designation explanation

[0045] The components include: reinforcing plate 1, inner plate 101, stiffening plate 102, outer plate 103, first reinforcing nail 2, embedded section 201, through groove 2011, connecting section 202, second reinforcing nail 3, spiral protrusion 301, limiting platform 302, internal hexagonal groove 303, insert 4, hook-shaped insert end 401, abutting end 402, abutting hole 403, first abutting member 5, first flexible member 6, second flexible member 7, liquid supply pipe 8, liquid outlet pipe 9, second elastic member 10, stopper head 11, receiving cavity 12, third flexible member 13, sliding groove 14, and second abutting member 15. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 11 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0048] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0049] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions, including a reinforcement plate 1, a first reinforcement nail 2, and a second reinforcement nail 3;

[0050] Multiple first reinforcing nails 2 and second reinforcing nails 3 are provided and distributed on the surface of the reinforcing plate 1, such as... Figure 1Four holes are made in the reinforcing plate 1. The first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3 are located in the holes. The first reinforcing nail 2 includes an embedded section 201 and a connecting section 202. The embedded section 201 and the connecting section 202 are connected. The embedded section 201 is provided with a diameter expansion component, which can extend radially to insert into the soil layer. The connecting section 202 is connected to the reinforcing plate 1 so that the reinforcing plate 1 is attached to the slope. The connecting section 202 includes a limiting plate, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the hole. The first reinforcing nail 2 is axially penetrating and the second reinforcing nail 3 is movably sleeved inside. The second reinforcing nail 3 can be drilled into the soil layer axially, and the diameter expansion component is inserted into the soil layer during the axial movement. In this application, through the cooperation between the reinforcing plate 1, the first reinforcing nail 2, and the second reinforcing nail 3, the reinforcing plate 1 is attached to the slope, and the first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3 penetrate into the soil layer. This allows the reinforcing plate 1 to reinforce the surface and interior of the soil layer under its own action and the action of the first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3, effectively reducing the freeze-thaw phenomenon on the surface of the slope due to the influence of external temperature, thereby reducing the risk of slope collapse or landslide.

[0051] In this embodiment, the reinforcing plate 1 includes an inner plate 101, a reinforcing rib 102, and an outer plate 103. Multiple reinforcing ribs 102 are spaced apart and located between the inner plate 101 and the outer plate 103, with both ends fixedly connected to the inner plate 101 and the outer plate 103 respectively. Multiple conical particles are fixedly attached to the side of the inner plate 101 facing the soil layer. In this embodiment, the reinforcing rib 102 is U-shaped, separating the inner plate 101 and the outer plate 103. Its internal structure is somewhat hollow, which can impede the transmission of external temperature or vibration, thus protecting the slope. In this embodiment, the multiple conical particles fixedly attached to the side of the inner plate 101 facing the soil layer ensure a more stable contact between the inner plate 101 and the soil surface.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figures 3 to 6 The diameter expansion assembly includes an insert 4 and a first abutment 5;

[0053] The insert 4 includes a hook-shaped insertion end 401 and an abutment end 402, which are connected. The first abutment 5 is slidably connected to the first reinforcing nail 2 and can only move axially. The side of the embedded section 201 of the first reinforcing nail 2 is provided with a through groove 2011. The insert 4 is rotatably installed in the through groove 2011, and the hook-shaped insertion end 401 can enter and exit the through groove 2011 to insert into the soil layer.

[0054] Initially, the hook-shaped insertion end 401 is located in the through groove 2011, and the hook-shaped insertion end 401 is lower than the outer peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail 2;

[0055] Upon termination, the abutting end 402, driven by the first abutting member 5, causes the hook-shaped insertion end 401 to insert into the soil layer. In this embodiment, initially, the hook-shaped insertion end 401 is located within the through groove 2011, and the hook-shaped insertion end 401 is lower than the outer peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail 2. The purpose of this design is to prevent the insertion member 4 from scraping against the pre-drilled hole during the insertion of the first reinforcing nail 2. This can be achieved by setting mutually attracting magnetic elements at corresponding positions on the second reinforcing nail 3 and the insertion member 4. Specifically, a first magnetic element is embedded in the insertion member 4, and a second magnetic element that attracts the first magnetic element is embedded in the second reinforcing nail 3. The first and second magnetic elements can be magnets. The abutting end 402 of the insertion member 4 and the abutting member 5 form mutually cooperating inclined surfaces at their contact points, facilitating the insertion of the first abutting member 5 through the inclined surface during axial movement, causing the insertion member 4 to rotate. In this embodiment, a T-shaped slide is fixedly connected to the top of the first abutment member 5, and a T-shaped groove is formed at a corresponding position on the inner surface of the first reinforcing nail 2, allowing the T-shaped slide to slide within the T-shaped groove. By designing the T-shaped slide and T-shaped groove, the movement of the first abutment member 5 along its axis is made more stable.

[0056] In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the end of the second reinforcing nail 3 that is drilled into the soil layer gradually decreases, and a spiral protrusion 301 is fixed to its outer surface. In this embodiment, one end of the second reinforcing nail 3 can be a sharp angle, which can better penetrate the soil layer. When inserted into the pre-drilled hole, the sharp angle of the second reinforcing nail 3 and the first reinforcing nail 2 contact the bottom of the pre-drilled hole. In order to make the first reinforcing nail 2 better inserted into the pre-drilled hole, the end face of the first reinforcing nail 2 away from the connecting section 202 is designed as a frustum-shaped ring, which is also to facilitate the first reinforcing nail 2 to be better inserted into the pre-drilled hole.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 It also includes a first flexible component 6, a second flexible component 7, a liquid supply pipe 8, and a liquid outlet pipe 9;

[0058] A flow cavity is arranged around the inner circumference of the first reinforcing nail 2. The flow cavity is symmetrically arranged about the vertical center of the through groove 2011. The flow cavity is used to introduce a first solution. A first flexible member 6 is connected to the end face of the flow cavity away from the connecting section 202 of the first reinforcing nail 2. A second flexible member 7 is connected to the side of the flow cavity facing the second reinforcing nail 3. An injection port and an outlet port for the first solution are opened on the end face of the first reinforcing nail 2 away from the buried section 201. One end of the supply pipe 8 is connected to the injection port and the other end is connected to the flow cavity. One end of the outlet pipe 9 is connected to the outlet port and the other end is connected to the flow cavity. In this embodiment, both the supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 are designed in a Y shape. After the first liquid flows in from the injection port, it splits into two and flows into the upper ends of the flow cavities on both sides. The first liquid then merges into one from the lower ends of the flow cavities on both sides and flows out from the outlet pipe 9. In this embodiment, the supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 are designed to reduce the impact on the soil layer near the ground surface during the transportation of the first liquid.

[0059] The inlet is detachably connected to a second stopcock, and the outlet is detachably connected to a third stopcock; in this embodiment, both the second and third stopcocks are connected by threads to the inlet and outlet; both the second and third stopcocks have slots for easy turning.

[0060] Before the first liquid is introduced, the first flexible component 6 and the second flexible component 7 are stacked in the flow cavity, with remaining space after accommodating them. This remaining space allows the first liquid to flow within the flow cavity while the first and second flexible components 6 and 7 are stacked, thus softening the frozen soil around the flow cavity. Considering that the second reinforcing nail 3 needs to rotate subsequently, its outer surface may experience slight friction with the stacked first and second flexible components 6 and 7, especially the second flexible component 7. Therefore, the first and second flexible components 6 and 7 can be made of TPU or PFPU, which have good elasticity and wear resistance. To further reduce friction, a lubricant can be applied to the corresponding positions of the second reinforcing nail 3.

[0061] like Figure 5 and Figure 10A limiting platform 302 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail 3. The outer peripheral surface of the limiting platform 302 is rotatably engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail 2. The side of the limiting platform 302 is in contact with the first flexible member 6. The interior of the second reinforcing nail 3 is blind-hole shaped for filling with the second solution. The supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 leave gaps with the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail 2. In this embodiment, after the first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3 are inserted into the pre-drilled hole, the end face of the embedded section of the first reinforcing nail 2 and the sharp corner of the spiral protrusion 301 of the second reinforcing nail 3 abut against the bottom end of the pre-drilled hole. The limiting platform 302 initially restricts the first flexible member 6, and the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail 3 initially restricts the second flexible member 7, so that when the first liquid is introduced, the first flexible member 6 and the second flexible member 7 will not expand and unfold, facilitating the flow of the first liquid. In this embodiment, a gap is left between the supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 and the inner circumferential surface of the first reinforcing nail 2. The purpose of this design is to prevent the layer of soil near the ground surface from becoming soft when the supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 flow. A heat insulation layer can also be designed in this section of the supply pipe 8 and the outlet pipe 9 to further prevent temperature transfer. The heat insulation layer can be made of polystyrene.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first solution is water, and the second solution is liquid nitrogen. Preferably, the first solution can be warm water at a temperature of 50-60 degrees Celsius. Introducing warm water can better soften the frozen soil near the flow chamber.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 The injection port is also equipped with a blocking assembly, which includes a second elastic element 10, a blocking head 11, and a receiving cavity 12. The receiving cavity 12 is formed in the first reinforcing nail 2 and is connected to the flow cavity through the liquid supply pipe 8. The blocking head 11 is slidably connected in the receiving cavity 12. One end of the second elastic element 10 is fixed to the blocking head 11, and the other end is connected to the receiving cavity 12. The elastic force of the second elastic element 10 causes the blocking head 11 to abut against the inner wall of the receiving cavity 12. In this embodiment, one end of the blocking head 11 is round-headed, which facilitates the insertion of the liquid injection device / pressurization device's injection pipe / pressurization pipe. When the liquid injection device / pressurization device is removed, the blocking head 11 automatically blocks the injection port under the action of the second elastic element 10.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figure 11 It also includes a first stopcock (not shown), which is threadedly connected to the second reinforcing nail 3. The first stopcock is used to close the blind hole opening of the second reinforcing nail 3. An internal hexagonal groove 303 is also provided at the opening of the blind hole of the second reinforcing nail 3, located between the first stopcock and the blind hole. In this embodiment, the internal hexagonal groove 303 is designed to facilitate the operator's use of a hexagonal wrench to rotate it. The first stopcock is designed to seal the second liquid after rotation and injection.

[0065] In this embodiment, as Figures 6 to 8 It also includes a limiting component for limiting the insertion member 4 when it is rotated to the termination state. The limiting component includes a third flexible member 13, a first elastic member, a second abutting member 15 and a sliding groove 14.

[0066] The insert 4 has an abutment hole 403 on its side. The sliding groove 14 is opened in the first reinforcing nail 2 and is connected to the through groove 2011. The second abutment 15 is located in the sliding groove 14. One end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the second abutment 15 and the other end is connected to the sliding groove 14. The third flexible member 13 is movably connected to the first reinforcing nail 2. One end of the third flexible member 13 is fixedly connected to the second abutment 15 and the other end protrudes from the end face of the first reinforcing nail 2.

[0067] Initially, the second abutting member 15 abuts against the side of the insert 4 under the elastic force of the first elastic member;

[0068] When the insert 4 is rotated to the terminated state, the second abutment 15 enters the abutment hole 403 under the elastic force of the first elastic member.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first elastic element can be a spring, and the third flexible element 13 can be a steel rope or other flexible material. One end of the steel rope is fixedly connected to the second abutment 15, and the other end protrudes from the end face of the first reinforcing nail 2. Initially, under the elastic force of the first elastic element, the second abutment 15 abuts against the side of the insert 4. After the insert 4 rotates, the second abutment 15, under the elastic force of the first elastic element, inserts into the abutment hole 403. At the same time, the second abutment 15 drives the third flexible element 13 to retract inward. After the operator observes the retraction of the third flexible element 13, they can know that the second abutment 15 has been inserted into the abutment hole 403 on the side of the insert 4. The third flexible element 13 also has another function: pulling the end of the third flexible element 13 located on the end face of the first reinforcing nail 2 can overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element, allowing the second abutment 15 to disengage from the abutment hole 403, thereby releasing the restriction on the insert 4. This facilitates the subsequent disassembly of the device.

[0070] The disassembly process is as follows: First, extract the second solution, wait for the first solution in the first flexible component 6 and the second flexible component 7 to melt, unscrew the second and third stopcocks, use the air blowing device to blow out the first solution, after blowing out, tighten the third stopcock, use the negative pressure device to create a vacuum, causing the first flexible component 6 and the second flexible component 7 to retract, and finally rotate the second reinforcing nail 3 in the opposite direction. After the second reinforcing nail 3 retracts, it first drives the first abutting component 5 to retract. After the first abutting component 5 retracts, it pulls the third flexible component 13, causing the second abutting component 15 to disengage from the abutting hole 403, thereby releasing the restriction on the insert 4. At the same time, slightly pry the first reinforcing nail 2 outward, and the insert 4 rotates and retracts. Under the action of the first and second magnetic components, it reattaches to the second reinforcing nail 3, thereby allowing the device to be removed.

[0071] This application also includes a method for reinforcing collapsed soil structures in cold regions, comprising the following steps.

[0072] Pre-drilled holes: Pre-drill holes on the slope using a drilling device. Then, place a reinforcing plate 1 with the inner plate 101 of the reinforcing plate 1 facing the soil layer. The first reinforcing nail 2 is fitted with the second reinforcing nail 3. Then, the first reinforcing nail 2 is inserted into the pre-drilled hole, and the first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3 are in contact with the bottom of the pre-drilled hole. In this embodiment, the outer hexagon is also provided on the outer circumference of the first reinforcing nail 2, so that the first reinforcing nail 2 can be rotated to adjust the protrusion position of the insert 4.

[0073] Loosening frozen soil: The injection port and discharge port of the first reinforcing nail 2 are opened. A container is connected to the discharge port with a flexible hose. The container is used to hold the first solution flowing out of the discharge port. The first solution is introduced into the injection port using an injection device. In specific use, the injection device can be the outlet pipe of a water pipe. The first solution flows through the flow chamber and flows out of the discharge port. After a period of time, the flow of the first solution softens the deep frozen soil around the flow chamber. After the frozen soil softens, the second reinforcing nail 3 is rotated. In this application, the first solution is used to loosen the frozen soil. A hex wrench is inserted into the internal hexagonal groove 303 to rotate the second reinforcing nail 3. The spiral protrusion 301 of the second reinforcing nail 3 drills into the soil axially, simultaneously moving the first abutment 5. After the second reinforcing nail 3 has drilled a certain distance into the soil, that is, after the spiral protrusion 301 of the second reinforcing nail 3 has drilled into part of the soil, the first abutment 5 abuts against the abutment end 402 of the insert 4, causing the hook-shaped insertion end 401 of the insert 4 to insert into the soil until the second abutment 15 is in the first elastic element. Under the action of the pressure device, the insertion part 4 is limited; then, the third stopcock is tightened to close the outlet. Using the pressure device, pressure is applied from the injection port to unfold the first flexible part 6 and the second flexible part 7. After the first flexible part 6 fills the space between the limiting platform 302 and the first flexible part 6 after the second reinforcing nail 3 is axially displaced, the second flexible part 7 fills the remaining space between the second flexible part 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail 3. Then, the pressure device is removed and the second stopcock is tightened. The pressure device can be an air compressor. The high pressure generated by the air compressor pressurizes the first liquid, causing the first flexible part 6 and the second flexible part 7 to expand and unfold. The purpose of unfolding the first flexible part 6 and the second flexible part 7 is that after the second reinforcing nail 3 is added to the liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen causes the water in the first flexible part 6 and the second flexible part 7 to change from liquid to solid. During the process of the liquid nitrogen changing the water from liquid to solid, the volume of water increases, and the solid water is used to fasten the first reinforcing nail and the second reinforcing nail through the first flexible part and the second flexible part.

[0074] Second solution filling: Inject the second solution into the second reinforcing nail 3, then tighten the first stopcock; wait for a period of time, the second solution causes the first solution in the flow chamber to change from liquid to solid, and causes the softened soil layer around the flow chamber to harden again.

[0075] Working principle of this invention:

[0076] Precast hole fabrication: Precast holes are drilled on the slope using a drilling device. Then, a reinforcing plate 1 is placed, with the inner plate 101 of the reinforcing plate 1 facing the soil layer. The first reinforcing nail 2 is fitted with the second reinforcing nail 3. Then, the first reinforcing nail 2 is inserted into the precast hole, and the first reinforcing nail 2 and the second reinforcing nail 3 are in contact with the bottom of the precast hole.

[0077] Loosening frozen soil: The injection port and discharge port of the first reinforcing nail 2 are opened. A container is connected to the discharge port with a hose. The container is used to hold the first solution flowing out of the discharge port. The first solution is introduced into the injection port using an injection device. In specific use, the injection device can be the outlet pipe of a water pipe. The first solution flows through the flow chamber and flows out of the discharge port. After a period of time, the flow of the first solution softens the deep frozen soil around the flow chamber. After the frozen soil softens, the second reinforcing nail 3 is rotated. In this application, a hexagonal wrench is inserted into the internal hexagonal groove 303 to achieve the rotation of the second reinforcing nail 3. The spiral protrusion 301 of the second reinforcing nail 3 drills into the soil layer axially, while driving the first abutment 5 to move. The second reinforcing nail 3 drills into the soil layer for a certain distance. After the spiral protrusion 301 of the second reinforcing nail 3 has penetrated part of the soil, the first abutting member 5 abuts against the abutting end 402 of the insert 4, causing the hook-shaped insertion end 401 of the insert 4 to insert into the soil until the second abutting member 15 completes the limiting of the insert 4 under the action of the first elastic member; then, tighten the third stopcock, close the outlet, and use the pressurizing device to apply pressure from the injection port to unfold the first flexible member 6 and the second flexible member 7. After the first flexible member 6 fills the space freed up between the limiting platform 302 and the first flexible member 6, the second flexible member 7 fills the remaining space between the second flexible member 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail 3. Then, remove the pressurizing device and tighten the second stopcock.

[0078] Second solution filling: Inject the second solution into the second reinforcing nail 3, then tighten the first stopcock; wait for a period of time, the second solution causes the first solution in the flow chamber to change from liquid to solid, and causes the softened soil layer around the flow chamber to harden again.

[0079] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for reinforcing collapse of special soil engineering in cold regions, characterized by, It comprises a reinforcing plate (1), a first reinforcing nail (2) and a second reinforcing nail (3); The first reinforcing nail (2) and the second reinforcing nail (3) are provided in plurality and are distributed on the surface of the reinforcing plate (1), the first reinforcing nail (2) comprises a buried section (201) and a connecting section (202), the buried section (201) and the connecting section (202) are connected, the buried section (201) is provided with a diameter expansion assembly, the diameter expansion assembly can be radially extended to be inserted into the soil layer, the connecting section (202) is connected with the reinforcing plate (1) to make the reinforcing plate (1) adhere to the slope, the first reinforcing nail (2) is axially penetrated and internally movably sleeved with the second reinforcing nail (3), the second reinforcing nail (3) can be axially drilled into the soil layer, and the diameter expansion assembly is inserted into the soil layer during the axial movement; The diameter expansion assembly comprises an insertion piece (4) and a first abutting piece (5); The insertion piece (4) comprises a hook-shaped insertion end (401) and an abutting end (402), the hook-shaped insertion end (401) and the abutting end (402) are connected, the first abutting piece (5) is slidably connected with the first reinforcing nail (2) and can only move axially, a through groove (2011) is formed on the side surface of the buried section (201) of the first reinforcing nail (2), the insertion piece (4) is rotatably installed in the through groove (2011), the hook-shaped insertion end (401) can be inserted into or out of the through groove (2011) to be inserted into the soil layer; Initially, the hook-shaped insertion end (401) is located in the through groove (2011) and is lower than the outer peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail (2); Finally, the abutting end (402) is driven by the first abutting piece (5) to make the hook-shaped insertion end (401) inserted into the soil layer; It further comprises a first flexible piece (6), a second flexible piece (7), a liquid supply pipe (8) and a liquid outlet pipe (9); The inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail (2) is provided with a flow cavity, the flow cavity is symmetrically arranged about the vertical center surface of the through groove (2011), the flow cavity is used for inputting a first solution, the end surface of the flow cavity away from the connecting section (202) of the first reinforcing nail (2) is connected with the first flexible piece (6), one side of the flow cavity facing the second reinforcing nail (3) is connected with the second flexible piece (7), the end surface of the first reinforcing nail (2) away from the buried section (201) is provided with an injection port and a discharge port for the first solution, one end of the liquid supply pipe (8) is in communication with the injection port, the other end is in communication with the flow cavity, one end of the liquid outlet pipe (9) is in communication with the discharge port, the other end is in communication with the flow cavity; The injection port is detachably connected with a second cock, and the discharge port is detachably connected with a third cock; When the first liquid is not input, the first flexible piece (6) and the second flexible piece (7) are stacked in the flow cavity in a stacked state, and the flow cavity has remaining space after accommodating the first flexible piece (6) and the second flexible piece (7). The outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail (3) is fixedly provided with a limiting table (302), the outer peripheral surface of the limiting table (302) is rotationally matched with the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail (2), the side surface of the limiting table (302) is attached to the first flexible member (6), the inside of the second reinforcing nail (3) is in a blind hole shape, is used for filling a second solution, and the liquid supply pipe (8) and the liquid outlet pipe (9) are left with a gap from the inner peripheral surface of the first reinforcing nail (2); The first solution is water, and the second solution is liquid nitrogen.

2. The special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing plate (1) comprises an inner plate (101), a rib plate (102) and an outer plate (103), the rib plate (102) is provided with a plurality of intervals and is located between the inner plate (101) and the outer plate (103), and both ends are respectively fixedly connected with the inner plate (101) and the outer plate (103), and a plurality of conical particles are fixedly connected to one side of the inner plate (101) facing the soil layer.

3. The special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the second reinforcing nail (3) drilled into the soil layer gradually reduces in radial dimension, and the outer surface is fixedly connected with a spiral protrusion (301).

4. The special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The injection inlet is also provided with a blocking assembly, the blocking assembly comprises a second elastic member (10), a blocking head (11) and a containing cavity (12), the containing cavity (12) is opened in the first reinforcing nail (2), the containing cavity (12) is communicated with the flow cavity through the liquid supply pipe (8), the blocking head (11) is slidingly connected in the containing cavity (12), one end of the second elastic member (10) is fixedly connected with the blocking head (11), the other end is connected with the containing cavity (12), and the elastic force of the second elastic member (10) makes the blocking head (11) abut against the inner wall of the containing cavity (12).

5. The special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first plug, the first plug is threadedly connected with the second reinforcing nail (3), the first plug is used for closing the blind hole opening of the second reinforcing nail (3), and an inner hexagonal groove (303) is also opened at the opening of the blind hole of the second reinforcing nail (3), the inner hexagonal groove (303) is located between the first plug and the blind hole.

6. The special soil engineering collapse reinforcement device for cold regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting assembly for limiting the rotation of the insert (4) to the terminal state, the limiting assembly comprises a third flexible member (13), a first elastic member, a second abutting member (15) and a sliding groove (14); The side surface of the insert (4) is provided with an abutting hole (403), the sliding groove (14) is opened in the first reinforcing nail (2), the sliding groove (14) is communicated with the through groove (2011), the second abutting member (15) is located in the sliding groove (14), one end of the first elastic member is fixedly connected with the second abutting member (15), the other end is connected with the sliding groove (14), the third flexible member (13) is movably connected with the first reinforcing nail (2), one end of the third flexible member (13) is fixedly connected with the second abutting member (15), and the other end penetrates out of the end surface of the first reinforcing nail (2); Initially, the second abutting member (15) abuts against the side surface of the insert (4) under the elastic force of the first elastic member; When the insert (4) rotates to the end state, the second abutting member (15) enters the abutting hole (403) under the elastic force of the first elastic member.

7. A method for reinforcing a collapse of a special soil engineering in a cold region using the reinforcing device for reinforcing a collapse of a special soil engineering in a cold region according to claim 6, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps, Pre-bore making: using a drilling device to drill a pre-bore in the slope, then placing the reinforcing plate (1), the inner plate (101) of the reinforcing plate (1) is laid with the side with the conical particles facing the soil layer, the first reinforcing nail (2) is sleeved with the second reinforcing nail (3), then the first reinforcing nail (2) is placed in the pre-bore, and the first reinforcing nail (2) and the second reinforcing nail (3) are in contact with the bottom of the pre-bore; Soft frozen soil: the injection port and the discharge port of the first reinforcing nail (2) are opened, the discharge port is externally connected with a containing container by a hose, the containing container is used to contain the first solution flowing out of the discharge port, the first solution is introduced into the injection port by using a liquid injection device, the first solution flows through the flow cavity and flows out of the discharge port, and a period of time is waited, the flow of the first solution makes the deep frozen soil around the flow cavity soft, after the frozen soil is soft, the second reinforcing nail (3) is rotated; the helical protrusion (301) of the second reinforcing nail (3) drills into the soil layer along the axial direction, and the first abutting member (5) is driven to move, after the second reinforcing nail (3) drills into the soil layer for a distance, the first abutting member (5) abuts against the abutting end (402) of the insert (4), the hook-shaped insertion end (401) of the insert (4) is inserted into the soil layer, and the second abutting member (15) completes the limiting of the insert (4) under the action of the first elastic member; then, the third stopcock is tightened to close the discharge port, the first flexible member (6) and the second flexible member (7) are expanded by using a pressurizing device to apply pressure at the injection port, after the first flexible member (6) fills the axial displacement of the second reinforcing nail (3), the space between the limiting table (302) and the first flexible member (6) is released, the second flexible member (7) fills the residual space between the first flexible member (6) and the outer peripheral surface of the second reinforcing nail (3), then the pressurizing device is removed, and the second stopcock is tightened; Second solution filling: the second solution is injected into the second reinforcing nail (3), and then the first stopcock is tightened; After a period of time, the second solution changes the first solution in the flow cavity from liquid to solid, and the soft soil layer around the flow cavity becomes hard again.

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