Catalytic layer slurry and preparation method thereof, membrane electrode and fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalyst layer slurry, the catalyst layer slurry comprises a platinum carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a hydrophobic modifier, an alcohol solvent and deionized water, and the hydrophobic modifier is carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer. The catalyst slurry provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the hydrophobic modifier, the hydrophobic catalyst is carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer, the catalyst layer is formed through the catalyst slurry, and the carbon powder with the hydrophobic coating layer is used for constructing gas and liquid water channels in the catalyst slurry, so that the water logging phenomenon is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to fuel cells, and in particular to catalyst layer materials. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have the advantages of being environmentally friendly, pollution-free, and having high specific power. Various domestic and foreign automakers have made strategic deployments for fuel cells, and they are widely used in various vehicle models, including passenger cars, commercial vehicles, forklifts, etc. The current obstacle that limits the maximum power output of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is the problem of water vapor transmission under high current density, which is closely related to the characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In proton exchange membrane fuel cells, hydrogen is decomposed into electrons and protons under the action of a catalyst, protons enter the cathode through a proton exchange membrane, and electrons are driven from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit. At the cathode, oxygen combines with protons and electrons from the anode side to generate water. According to Faraday's law, the amount of generated water is proportional to the current density of the battery. Therefore, as the current density increases, the amount of generated water at the cathode gradually increases. If the battery drainage performance is poor, it will inevitably lead to "flooding" of the battery cathode, affecting the transmission of oxygen at the cathode and causing a decline in battery performance. In addition, with the development of fuel cell technology, the thickness of the proton exchange membrane has gradually become thinner (currently commercially available has reached 8μm). Under high current density, the reverse diffusion effect of liquid water inside the battery is enhanced, which will also cause "flooding" of the anode catalyst layer. In addition, the anode usually has a low load and a small thickness. In a flooded and gas-deficient environment, it is easy to cause reverse polarity, which causes irreversible damage to the structure of the anode catalyst layer. Based on the anode drainage phenomenon, the current view is that the thermodynamic reaction rate of the anode is very fast, about three orders of magnitude higher than that of the cathode. Therefore, even if the anode is "flooded", it will not affect the performance of the battery. However, with the demand for higher power output fuel cell stacks and the further reduction of the thickness of the proton membrane, the drainage of the anode is an issue that cannot be ignored. The current risk of flooding of the anode may not only cause a decline in battery performance, but also cause local reverse polarity at the anode. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a catalyst layer slurry, a membrane electrode, and a fuel cell to solve the technical problem of the risk of flooding at the anode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a catalyst layer slurry, wherein the catalyst layer slurry comprises a platinum-carbon catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a hydrophobic modifier, an alcohol solvent, and deionized water.

[0005] Wherein, the hydrophobic modifier is carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the catalytic layer slurry includes, by weight, 0.9 to 1.1 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 0.1 to 5 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.1 to 2 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.1 to 10 parts of alcohol solvent, and 1 to 20 parts of deionized water.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the hydrophobic coating layer includes at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel; and / or,

[0008] The carbon powder includes at least one of solid carbon, porous carbon, graphite, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the fluorine-containing polymer includes at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether, and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry, wherein the catalytic layer slurry is the catalytic layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the catalytic layer slurry comprises the following steps:

[0011] Providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel;

[0012] Adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion;

[0013] heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier;

[0014] The platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water are fully mixed to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:2-20.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrophobic agent is hydrophobic silica gel, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 50-100°C; or, the hydrophobic agent is a fluorine-containing polymer, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 350-400°C.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrophobic agent includes hydrophobic silica gel and fluorine-containing polymer, and the heat treatment includes a first heat treatment and a second heat treatment performed sequentially, wherein the temperature of the first heat treatment is 50-100°C and the temperature of the second heat treatment is 350-400°C.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a membrane electrode, wherein the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell, comprising the membrane electrode as described in any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0020] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The catalyst slurry provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a hydrophobic modifier, and the hydrophobic catalyst is a carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer. The catalytic layer formed by the catalyst slurry, in which the carbon powder with the hydrophobic coating layer constructs gas and liquid water channels, thereby preventing the occurrence of flooding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein should be understood as commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. In the event of a conflict, this specification takes precedence.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0028] Existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell anodes have the technical problem of risk of flooding.

[0029] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0030] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a catalyst layer slurry, wherein the catalyst layer slurry comprises a platinum-carbon catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a hydrophobic modifier, an alcohol solvent, and deionized water.

[0031] Wherein, the hydrophobic modifier is carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer.

[0032] The catalyst slurry described in the present application includes a hydrophobic modifier, and the hydrophobic catalyst is a carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer. The catalytic layer formed by the catalyst slurry, in which the carbon powder with the hydrophobic coating layer constructs gas and liquid water channels, thereby preventing the occurrence of water flooding.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the catalytic layer slurry includes, by weight, 0.9 to 1.1 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 0.1 to 5 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.1 to 2 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.1 to 10 parts of alcohol solvent, and 1 to 20 parts of deionized water.

[0034] It is easy to understand that the beneficial effect of using the above-mentioned amount of hydrophobic modifier in the catalyst layer slurry is that it can not only keep the platinum carbon catalyst and the hydrophobic modifier in a good dispersion state, but also fully increase the gas and liquid water transmission capacity of the catalyst layer formed by the catalyst slurry.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the hydrophobic coating layer includes at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel; and / or,

[0036] The carbon powder includes at least one of solid carbon, porous carbon, graphite, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes.

[0037] It is easy to understand that both fluoropolymers and hydrophobic silica gel can be easily coated onto carbon in a simple and easy to implement manner.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the fluorine-containing polymer includes at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether, and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

[0039] It is easy to understand that polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether and perfluoroalkoxy resin all have good hydrophobic effects.

[0040] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry, wherein the catalytic layer slurry is the catalytic layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the catalytic layer slurry comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1: providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel;

[0042] S2: adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion;

[0043] S3: heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier;

[0044] S4: fully mixing the platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

[0045] The purpose of heat treating the carbon powder in the present application is to solidify the hydrophobic agent on the surface of the carbon powder or to further enhance the hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic agent.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:2-20.

[0047] As an example, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder may be 1:2, 1:6, 1:10, 1:15, or 1:20.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrophobic agent is hydrophobic silica gel, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 50-100°C.

[0049] When the water repellent is hydrophobic silica gel, the heat treatment temperature is 50-100° C., which has the beneficial effect of improving the dispersibility of the hydrophobic silica gel.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the water repellent is a fluorine-containing polymer, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 350-400°C.

[0051] When the hydrophobic agent is a fluorine-containing polymer, the heat treatment temperature of 350-400° C. has the beneficial effect of facilitating the heat melting and thermal decomposition of the side chains of the fluorine-containing polymer, making the fluorine-containing polymer uniformly dispersed, and increasing the hydrophobicity of the fluorine-containing polymer.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrophobic agent includes hydrophobic silica gel and fluorine-containing polymer, and the heat treatment includes a first heat treatment and a second heat treatment performed sequentially, wherein the temperature of the first heat treatment is 50-100°C and the temperature of the second heat treatment is 350-400°C.

[0053] When the hydrophobic agent includes hydrophobic silica gel and fluorine-containing polymer, the heat treatment includes the above-mentioned first heat treatment and second heat treatment, and the beneficial effect is that the hydrophobic silica gel hydrophobic agent is first dried to improve the dispersibility of the subsequent catalytic layer slurry, and then the fluorine-containing polymer is hot-melted and the side chain is thermally decomposed to make the fluorine-containing polymer uniformly dispersed and increase the hydrophobicity of the fluorine-containing polymer.

[0054] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a membrane electrode, wherein the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0055] The membrane electrode is realized based on the catalyst layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect or the catalyst layer slurry prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect. The specific implementation of the membrane electrode can refer to the above embodiments and common knowledge in the field. Since the membrane electrode adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell, comprising the membrane electrode as described in any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0057] The fuel cell is realized based on the catalyst layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect or the catalyst layer slurry prepared by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect. The specific implementation of the fuel cell can refer to the above embodiments and common knowledge in the field. Since the fuel cell adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are usually measured according to industry standards. If there is no corresponding industry standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] This embodiment further provides a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry, wherein the catalytic layer slurry is the catalytic layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the catalytic layer slurry comprises the following steps:

[0061] Providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel;

[0062] Adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion;

[0063] heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier;

[0064] The platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water are fully mixed to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

[0065] The mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:10.

[0066] In parts by mass, the catalytic layer slurry includes 0.9 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 0.1 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.1 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.1 parts of alcohol solvent, and 10 parts of deionized water.

[0067] The carbon powder is carbon black.

[0068] The hydrophobic agent is hydrophobic silica gel, the heat treatment temperature is 50°C, and the heat treatment time is 3h;

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This embodiment further provides a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry, wherein the catalytic layer slurry is the catalytic layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the catalytic layer slurry comprises the following steps:

[0071] Providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel;

[0072] Adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion;

[0073] heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier;

[0074] The platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water are fully mixed to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

[0075] The mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:10.

[0076] In parts by mass, the catalytic layer slurry includes 1.1 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 5 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 2 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 10 parts of alcohol solvent, and 5 parts of deionized water.

[0077] The carbon powder is at least one of carbon nanotubes.

[0078] The fluorine-containing polymer includes at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

[0079] The water repellent is polyvinylidene fluoride, the heat treatment temperature is 350° C., and the heat treatment time is 2 hours.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment further provides a method for preparing a catalytic layer slurry, wherein the catalytic layer slurry is the catalytic layer slurry described in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for preparing the catalytic layer slurry comprises the following steps:

[0082] Providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel;

[0083] Adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion;

[0084] heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier;

[0085] The platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water are fully mixed to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

[0086] The mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:10.

[0087] In terms of mass, the catalytic layer slurry includes 1 part of platinum-carbon catalyst, 3 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.8 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 10 parts of alcohol solvent, and 1 part of deionized water.

[0088] The carbon powder is graphite powder.

[0089] The fluorine-containing polymer includes at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

[0090] The hydrophobic agent is composed of hydrophobic silica gel and polytetrafluoroethylene in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the heat treatment includes a first heat treatment and a second heat treatment implemented sequentially, wherein the temperature of the first heat treatment is 100°C, the time of the first heat treatment is 2 hours, and the temperature of the second heat treatment is 400°C, and the time of the second heat treatment is 1 hour.

[0091] Comparative Example

[0092] This comparative example provides a catalyst layer slurry, which includes, by weight, 0.9 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 0.1 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.1 parts of alcohol solvent, and 10 parts of deionized water.

[0093] Related experiments and effect data:

[0094] Carbon paper was used as a gas diffusion layer, perfluorosulfonic acid resin was used as a proton exchange membrane, the catalyst layer slurry provided in Example 1 was used to prepare an anode catalyst layer, and the catalyst layer slurry provided in the comparative example was used to prepare a cathode catalyst layer to obtain a membrane electrode.

[0095] Referring to the above method, the catalyst layer slurry provided in Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example was used to replace the catalyst layer slurry provided in Example 1 to prepare membrane electrodes. A total of four membrane electrodes were obtained, and their anode catalyst layers were prepared by the catalyst layer slurries of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example.

[0096] According to the national standard GB / T 20042.5-2009, the above membrane electrode was subjected to a single cell polarization curve performance test, and the polarization curve diagram was obtained. According to the polarization curve diagram, it was found that the voltage of the comparative example, Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 was the same in the low current density area, because the catalyst used in the comparative example, Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 was the same. With the increase of current density, the concentration polarization of the battery becomes more and more obvious. The main factor that determines the generation of this part of polarization is the drainage performance inside the battery. Therefore, in the high current density area, the higher the battery performance, the higher the drainage efficiency inside the catalyst layer, and the better its anti-flooding performance. In Example 1, hydrophobic silica gel was added, and the voltage of the battery in the high current density area was greatly improved, which shows that the addition of hydrophobic agent does improve the drainage efficiency inside the catalyst layer, reduce mass transfer polarization, and improve the performance of the battery; similarly, adding fluorinated polymer after high temperature treatment has the same effect; while adding hydrophobic silica gel and fluorinated polymer at the same time, and undergoing a multi-stage heat treatment process, the hydrophobic characteristics inside the catalyst layer are more significant, and a catalyst layer with strong anti-flooding performance is obtained.

[0098] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0099] In the present application, in the absence of any contrary description, the directional words used, such as "upper" and "lower", are specifically the directions of the drawings in the accompanying drawings. In addition, in the description of the present application specification, the terms "including", "comprising", etc. refer to "including but not limited to". Moreover, the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. In this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this article, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. For the association relationship of more than three associated objects described by "and / or", it means that any one of these three associated objects can exist alone, or any at least two of them exist at the same time. For example, for A, and / or B, and / or C, it can be represented that any one of A, B, and C exists alone, or any two of them exist at the same time, or three of them exist at the same time. In this article, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one", "the following at least one (individual)" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single (individual) or plural (individual). For example, "at least one (individual) of a, b, or c", or "at least one (individual) of a, b, and c", can all represent: a, b, c, ab (i.e. a and b), ac, bc, or abc, wherein a, b, and c can be single or multiple, respectively.

[0100] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A catalyst layer slurry, characterized in that: The catalytic layer slurry includes a platinum-carbon catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a hydrophobic modifier, an alcohol solvent, and deionized water. Wherein, the hydrophobic modifier is carbon powder with a hydrophobic coating layer.

2. The catalyst layer slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by mass, the catalytic layer slurry includes 0.9 to 1.1 parts of platinum-carbon catalyst, 0.1 to 5 parts of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 0.1 to 2 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.1 to 10 parts of alcohol solvent, and 1 to 20 parts of deionized water.

3. The catalyst layer slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the hydrophobic coating layer includes at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel; and / or, The carbon powder includes at least one of solid carbon, porous carbon, graphite, conductive carbon black and carbon nanotubes.

4. The catalyst layer slurry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fluorine-containing polymer includes at least one of polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoropolyether and perfluoroalkoxy resin.

5. A method for preparing a catalyst layer slurry, characterized in that: The catalyst layer slurry is the catalyst layer slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the preparation method of the catalyst layer slurry comprises the following steps: Providing a water repellent dispersion, wherein the water repellent comprises at least one of a fluorine-containing polymer and a hydrophobic silica gel; Adding carbon powder to the water repellent dispersion to fully mix the carbon powder with the water repellent dispersion; heat-treating and drying the carbon powder to obtain a hydrophobic modifier; The platinum-carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid resin, hydrophobic modifier, alcohol solvent and deionized water are fully mixed to obtain a catalyst layer slurry.

6. The method for preparing the catalyst layer slurry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the hydrophobic agent in the hydrophobic agent dispersion to the carbon powder is 1:2-20.

7. The method for preparing a catalyst layer slurry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrophobic agent is hydrophobic silica gel, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 50-100°C; or, the hydrophobic agent is a fluorine-containing polymer, and the temperature of the heat treatment is 350-400°C.

8. The method for preparing a catalyst layer slurry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrophobic agent includes hydrophobic silica gel and fluorine-containing polymer, and the heat treatment includes a first heat treatment and a second heat treatment performed sequentially, wherein the temperature of the first heat treatment is 50-100° C., and the temperature of the second heat treatment is 350-400° C.

9. A membrane electrode, characterized in that: The anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry described in any one of claims 1 to 4, or the anode catalyst layer of the membrane electrode is prepared by the catalyst layer slurry prepared by the method described in any one of claims 5 to 8.

10. A fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell comprises the membrane electrode according to claim 9.

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