Integrated planar metal supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser and power source

Abstract

The integrated plate type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell and power supply provided by the application relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The cell or electrolytic cell comprises a metal support, an insulation layer, an electrochemical reaction unit and a conductive piece. The metal support has a first surface, a second surface and a peripheral side surface which are sealingly connected. A flow channel for reaction medium material is arranged between the first surface and the second surface. The metal support is provided with a plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions which are in communication with the flow channel for reaction medium material. At least one surface of the metal support is provided with the electrochemical reaction unit, and the metal support and the electrochemical reaction unit are provided with the insulation layer, and the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions penetrate the insulation layer. The conductive piece is used for connecting the electrochemical reaction unit. The application effectively solves the problems of solid oxide fuel cell sealing difficulty, slow start and stop, poor thermal shock resistance, low mass power density and low output voltage, and is especially suitable for portable power supply, aircraft and other mobile vehicle power supply scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular, to an integrated plate type metal supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell and power supply. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a full solid chemical reaction device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy, and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is the reverse process of SOFC in operation principle.

[0003] After long-term development and optimization, the main structures of SOFC are flat plate type, tube type and integrated type. Flat plate type SOFC has simple structure, short current path, easy to collect and high power density, but has problems of high temperature sealing difficulty, poor thermal cycle performance of the stack, etc. Tube type SOFC does not need high temperature sealing, but has a large resistance, which leads to serious power loss of the cell when discharging at large current, and low power density, and if it is operated in SOEC mode, the sealing problem of the cell must be solved.

[0004] Integrated SOFC has the advantages of flat plate type and tube type SOFC, and can effectively improve the shortcomings of the two. Like flat plate type and tube type SOFC, integrated SOFC also has key problems in start-stop rate, thermal shock resistance and sealing. In the prior art, ceramic supported SOFC with anode, electrolyte, etc. has low thermal conductivity and poor thermal shock resistance, so that the start-up speed of the stack is only 3-5 ℃ / min or lower.

[0005] Integrated SOFC / SOEC mainly has integrated plate type and integrated tube type: integrated tube type SOFC is prepared on a circular tube porous support body, and a plurality of single cells are connected in series by a connecting piece to form a cell stack. Integrated plate type SOFC is prepared on the surface of a flat tube porous support body with one or more internal flow channel structures, and the porous support body is extruded from ceramic materials such as MgO and MgAl2O4, and the internal flow channel is arranged with straight-through or rotary flow channel for single gas flow, and the pore distribution and shape are difficult to control, and the gas flow resistance is large.

[0006] Integrated SOFC uses an insulating ceramic support body without any function except mechanical support, which not only increases the gas flow resistance in the cell, but also increases the weight and reduces the power to weight ratio of the whole system, which is also the main reason why SOFC is less used in portable and emergency power fields. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide, for example, an integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell and power supply that can solve the problem of fuel gas sealing, improve the start-stop speed of the cell / stack, improve the cell power-to-weight ratio, and improve the output voltage.

[0008] The embodiments of the present application can be implemented as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides an integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell, comprising:

[0010] a metal support body having a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely and a peripheral side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface; the first surface, the second surface, and the peripheral side surface are sealingly connected; a flow channel for a reaction medium material is provided between the first surface and the second surface; a reaction medium material inlet and a reaction medium material outlet are provided on the peripheral side surface and communicate with the flow channel, respectively;

[0011] the metal support body is provided with a plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions; the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions communicate with the flow channel for the reaction medium material;

[0012] electrochemical reaction units, a plurality of the electrochemical reaction units are integrated on the metal support body; the electrochemical reaction units comprise cells or electrolysis cells; at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the metal support body is provided with a plurality of the electrochemical reaction units; the number of the electrochemical reaction units is equal to the number of the gas-permeable through-hole regions, and the positions of the electrochemical reaction units and the gas-permeable through-hole regions correspond one-to-one;

[0013] an insulating layer, an insulating layer is provided between the metal support body and the electrochemical reaction units, the insulating layer completely covers the metal support body, and the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions penetrate the insulating layer;

[0014] a conductive member, the conductive member is used to connect a plurality of the electrochemical reaction units.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the first surface and the second surface of the metal support body are respectively provided with the electrochemical reaction units; a partition is provided in the metal support body, and the partition is used to guide the reaction medium material to the first surface and the second surface, respectively.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the flow channel for the reaction medium material further comprises a reaction flow channel region; the reaction flow channel region is located between the first surface and the second surface and is arranged separately from the first surface and the second surface, respectively; the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions communicate with the reaction flow channel region; the reaction flow channel region is used for the reaction medium material to flow and / or undergo a chemical reaction.

[0017] In optional embodiments, a metal transition layer is arranged between the first surface and the insulating layer; and / or, a metal transition layer is arranged between the second surface and the insulating layer.

[0018] The gas-permeable through-hole region comprises a plurality of through-holes, and the plurality of through-holes penetrate the metal transition layer and the insulating layer.

[0019] In optional embodiments, the reaction flow channel region is provided with a support structure, and / or, the reaction flow channel region is provided with a turbulence structure; the reaction flow channel region is provided as a porous structure.

[0020] In optional embodiments, the metal support body further comprises a reaction medium material distribution region and a reaction medium material collection region, the reaction medium material distribution region is used to connect the reaction medium material inlet and the reaction flow channel region; the reaction medium material collection region is used to connect the reaction medium material outlet and the reaction flow channel region; the reaction medium material distribution region and / or the reaction medium material collection region is provided with a flow guide.

[0021] In optional embodiments, the metal support body is integrally formed or formed in parts, and the through-holes of the gas-permeable through-hole region are formed by powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, laser drilling or electron beam drilling.

[0022] In optional embodiments, the thickness of the metal support body is 2 mm to 10 mm, and the length and width dimensions of the first surface and the second surface range from 20 mm to 500 mm respectively; the number of electrochemical reaction units on the first surface or the second surface is 2 to 100.

[0023] In optional embodiments, the reaction flow channel region of the metal support body is a porous structure, the pore type of the porous structure is a polyhedral lattice unit or a minimal surface structure, and the porosity is 40% to 80%; the through-holes form an angle of 0° to 45° with the normal direction of the first surface or the second surface, the pore diameter of the through-holes is 10 to 100 μm, and the spacing is 10 to 1000 μm.

[0024] In optional embodiments, each electrochemical reaction unit comprises, in sequence from inside to outside, an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode arranged on the insulating layer; the anode completely covers the through-holes; the cathodes of adjacent electrochemical reaction units are separated, and the anodes of adjacent electrochemical reaction units are separated.

[0025] The anode comprises a first region corresponding to the cathode and a second region beyond the cathode; the first region is covered by the electrolyte, and the second region is electrically connected to the cathode of an adjacent electrochemical reaction unit through the conductive member.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the conductive member comprises a porous section and a solid section connected to each other, the porous section covers the surface of the cathode far from the electrolyte, and the solid section is located between adjacent electrochemical reaction units and is electrically connected to the second region of the anode.

[0027] In a second aspect, the application provides a power supply comprising a housing and the integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0028] The integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell provided by the embodiments of the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. By designing the first surface, the second surface and the peripheral side to be sealingly connected to form a self-sealing flow channel for the reaction medium material, and by welding the reaction medium material inlet and outlet to the feed pipe and the discharge pipe respectively, the problem of poor reliability and difficulty in sealing the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the reaction medium material is solved, and a solid oxide cell / stack without sealing is obtained.

[0030] 2. The support body is prepared by using a metal material with excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and high thermal conductivity, which solves the problem of slow start-stop speed of the cell / stack, and a solid oxide cell / stack with good thermal shock resistance and long service life is obtained.

[0031] 3. By connecting the metal support body surface to a plurality of electrochemical reaction units in series and parallel, the problem of low output voltage of a single electrochemical reaction unit is solved, and the number and weight of structural components such as metal connectors are reduced, and a cell with high single output voltage is obtained, which improves the power-to-weight ratio of the power generation system.

[0032] The power supply provided by the embodiments of the application uses the above-mentioned integrated plate-type solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell, has good thermal shock resistance and good robustness, has fast start-stop speed and good sealing, can realize self-sealing of the fuel gas channel, has high output voltage and high power-to-weight ratio, and is particularly suitable for portable power supplies, aircraft and other mobile vehicle power supplies and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell provided by the embodiments of the application is shown in the following figure:

[0035] Figure 2 A structural exploded view of one side of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 A first cross-sectional view of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 A second cross-sectional view of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 A third cross-sectional view of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 A structural view of a metal support of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 A structural view of a metal support of an integrated metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;

[0041] Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 1. Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 1.

[0042] Legend: 100 - metal support; 101 - first surface; 102 - second surface; 103 - peripheral side surface; 104 - reaction medium material inlet; 105 - reaction medium material outlet; 106 - partition; 110 - reaction flow channel region; 111 - support structure; 120 - gas permeable through-hole region; 121 - through-hole; 131 - reaction medium material distribution region; 132 - reaction medium material collection region; 133 - flow guide; 200 - insulating layer; 210 - metal transition layer; 300 - electrochemical reaction unit; 310 - anode; 320 - electrolyte; 330 - cathode; 340 - electrically conductive member; 341 - porous section; 342 - solid section; 343 - side surface solid section; 344 - terminal post. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings accompanying the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the accompanying drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the application without creative labor fall within the scope of the application claimed.

[0045] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0047] In addition, if the terms "first", "second" and the like appear, they are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] It should be noted that the features in the embodiments of the application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0049] If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments used are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0050] The present embodiment provides an integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell. The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a full solid chemical reaction device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy, and the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is the reverse process of the SOFC in terms of operating principle, and the two have similar structures. Hereinafter, the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is taken as an example for description.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The integrated plate-type metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolysis cell provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a metal support 100, an insulation layer 200, an electrochemical reaction unit 300 and a conductive member 340. At least one side of the metal support 100 is provided with a plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300. The surface of the metal support 100 facing the electrochemical reaction unit 300 is covered with the insulation layer 200. That is, the insulation layer 200 is located between the metal support 100 and the electrochemical reaction unit 300. The insulation layer 200 can be attached to the metal support 100 by coating or plating. The conductive member 340 is used to connect all the electrochemical reaction units 300. The plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 are connected in series-parallel or in series. In the embodiment, the electrochemical reaction unit comprises a cell or an electrolysis cell. Preferably, the plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 are connected in series-parallel, that is, the plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 are connected in series to form a group, and then the groups are connected in parallel. In this way, the internal resistance can be effectively reduced, and the cell efficiency and power-to-weight ratio can be improved.

[0052] The metal support 100 has a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 arranged oppositely and a peripheral side surface 103 connecting the first surface 101 and the second surface 102. The first surface 101, the second surface 102 and the peripheral side surface 103 are respectively sealingly connected to form a self-sealing gas channel, thereby solving the sealing problem of the fuel gas. The flow channel for the flow of the reaction medium is arranged between the first surface 101 and the second surface 102. The reaction medium inlet 104 and the reaction medium outlet 105 are arranged on the peripheral side surface 103 and are respectively in communication with the flow channel. The metal support 100 can be a cuboid, a square, a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a circular truncated cone or any other shape. In the embodiment, the metal support 100 is substantially a cuboid. The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are parallel and have substantially equal areas. The peripheral side surface 103 comprises four side surfaces connected end to end, that is, a first side surface, a second side surface, a third side surface and a fourth side surface connected in sequence. The first side surface and the third side surface are arranged oppositely and are located on the long side of the cuboid. The second side surface and the fourth side surface are arranged oppositely and are located on the wide side of the cuboid. Except for the reaction medium inlet 104 and the reaction medium outlet 105, the rest of the peripheral side surface 103 is a dense solid material, which is a side surface without leakage and has good air tightness, so that the self-sealing of the gas channel can be achieved without the need for additional sealing measures. The metal support 100 is a whole structure, thereby avoiding the sealing problem of the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end. The metal support 100 made of metal material has excellent toughness and high thermal conductivity, and the cell / stack has fast start-stop speed and good thermal shock resistance.

[0053] Optionally, the metal support 100 is provided with a plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions 120 in communication with the reaction medium material inlet 104. The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are respectively provided with a plurality of through-holes 121, and the surfaces provided with the plurality of through-holes 121 form the plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions 120. Alternatively, the first surface 101 or the second surface 102 is provided with a plurality of through-holes 121 to form the plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions 120. Optionally, the number of the electrochemical reaction units 300 is equal to the number of the gas-permeable through-hole regions 120, and the positions of the electrochemical reaction units 300 and the gas-permeable through-hole regions 120 are one-to-one corresponding. The through-holes 121 of the gas-permeable through-hole regions 120 penetrate the insulation layer 200, so that the reaction medium material can pass through the metal support 100, the gas-permeable through-hole regions 120, and reach the anode 310 of the electrochemical reaction unit 300 from the reaction medium material inlet 104.

[0054] The plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 can be respectively arranged on the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the metal support 100, as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 3 Alternatively, the plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 can be arranged only on the first surface 101 or the second surface 102 of the metal support 100, as shown in FIG. 2. Figure 4 .

[0055] Optionally, the flow channel in the metal support 100 further comprises a reaction flow channel region 110. The reaction flow channel region 110 is arranged between the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 and is spaced apart from the first surface 101 and the second surface 102, respectively. The through-holes 121 are in communication with the reaction flow channel region 110. The reaction flow channel region 110 is used for the flow and / or chemical reaction of the reaction medium material.

[0056] The reaction flow channel region 110 is provided with a porous structure to form an indirect internal reforming reaction region, which is used for the reforming reaction of the reaction medium material and is a place where the cracking of the hydrocarbon fuel occurs during the reforming. The complexity and cost of the external reforming device can be reduced. The synthesis gas generated by the reforming reaction enters the anode 310 through the through-holes 121 of the gas-permeable through-hole regions 120 to generate electrochemical reaction, thereby generating electric energy. Since the reaction flow channel region 110 is spaced apart from the first surface 101 and the second surface 102, respectively, i.e., has a certain distance from the anode 310 on both sides of the metal support 100. In this way, the structural damage of the electrochemical reaction unit 300 caused by the large thermal stress generated by the reforming reaction can be reduced, and the problems such as the decrease of the activity of the anode 310 caused by the carbon deposition of the anode 310 can be reduced, and the problem of the damage of the battery structure caused by the expansion stress of the carbon deposition of the anode 310 can be solved, and the risk of the damage of the battery structure caused by the large thermal stress generated by the large temperature gradient caused by the low temperature of the anode 310 located at the fuel inlet due to the strong endothermic direct reaction of the catalytic reforming reaction can be avoided. In addition, the problem of the separation of the heterogeneous interface in the battery caused by the direct contact of the gas medium with the electrode surface of the electrochemical reaction unit 300 can also be solved.

[0057] Optionally, the reaction flow channel region 110 is provided with a support structure 111. The support structure 111 is used to improve the structural strength of the metal support body 100, and mainly plays a mechanical support role. The shape, number and distribution position of the support structure 111 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions, and are not specifically limited here. Optionally, the support structure 111 is arranged along the direction of the flow of the reaction medium material, so as to reduce the resistance to the flow of the reaction medium material, so that the reaction medium material flows more smoothly and uniformly.

[0058] Optionally, the reaction flow channel region 110 is provided with a turbulence structure. The turbulence structure is arranged in the reaction flow channel region 110 outside the support structure 111. The turbulence structure mainly plays a flow guiding role, so that the synthesis gas after the reforming reaction enters the through hole 121 of the gas permeable through hole region 120 more smoothly and uniformly, so as to reach the surface of the anode 310. Optionally, the surface of the turbulence structure can be designed as an arc surface or an inclined surface, so as to have a better flow guiding effect. In the embodiment, the reaction flow channel region 110 is simultaneously provided with the support structure 111 and the turbulence structure. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the support structure 111 and the turbulence structure can be selectively added. For example, only the support structure 111 is arranged, or only the turbulence structure is arranged, or both the support structure 111 and the turbulence structure are omitted, and are not specifically limited here.

[0059] In combination with Figure 5 If the metal support body 100 is provided with an electrochemical reaction unit 300 on both sides. Optionally, the metal support body 100 is provided with a partition plate 106, and the partition plate 106 is used to guide the reaction medium material to the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 respectively. Optionally, the partition plate 106 is distributed in the metal support body 100 along the flow direction of the reaction medium material, and is approximately distributed at the middle position, so that the reaction medium material can flow to the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 as uniformly as possible, so as to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the reaction medium material.

[0060] Optionally, the partition plate 106 can be a flat plate, that is, the side profile is in a straight line shape. It can also be an arc-shaped plate, such as a wave-shaped plate structure and the like.

[0061] Of course, in some embodiments, if the reaction medium material adopts small molecule fuel gas such as hydrogen and methane, then the reforming reaction is not needed, and at this time the porous structure of the reaction flow channel region 110 can also be omitted, and is not specifically limited here.

[0062] Optionally, the thickness of the metal support 100 is 2mm to 10mm, and the length and width of the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are 20mm to 500mm. The number of the electrochemical reaction units 300 on the first surface 101 or the second surface 102 is 2 to 100. One electrochemical reaction unit 300 corresponds to one gas permeable through-hole area 120. The through-holes 121 can be arranged in one row or multiple rows on the first surface 101 or the second surface 102. When arranged in multiple rows, the through-holes 121 can be arranged in a matrix or staggered, or in any other manner. The shape of the gas permeable through-hole area 120 can be polygonal, circular, oval, or any other shape. The cross-section of the through-hole 121 can be polygonal, circular, oval, or any other shape that is conducive to gas permeation. The angle between the through-hole 121 and the normal direction of the first surface 101 or the second surface 102 is 0° to 45°, where 0° means that the axis of the through-hole 121 coincides with the normal. The diameter of the through-hole 121 is 10 to 100μm, and the pitch is 10 to 1000μm.

[0063] The pore type of the porous structure of the reaction flow channel area 110 is a polyhedral lattice unit or a minimal surface structure, and the porosity is 40% to 80%. The polyhedral lattice unit can be a hexahedral lattice unit or an octahedral lattice unit, etc.

[0064] Optionally, the multiple reaction flow channel areas 110 are arranged in a matrix. In the flow direction of the reaction medium material, the porosity of the porous structure of each reaction flow channel area 110 gradually decreases, preferably in a gradient manner. Since the fuel internal reforming occurring inside the battery is a very fast strong endothermic chemical reaction that requires a large amount of heat absorption, this embodiment sets the porosity in a gradient decreasing manner, which is conducive to avoiding a large temperature gradient inside the battery caused by the reforming process, reducing the thermal stress formed thereby, and avoiding damage to the battery structure. In addition, this manner not only avoids the formation of carbon deposition on the surface of the anode 310 active site caused by the carbon-hydrogen fuel, which leads to a significant decrease in battery performance, but also avoids the separation of the heterojunction interface inside the battery and other structural damage.

[0065] In combination with the above-mentioned embodiments, the present application also provides the following embodiments. Figure 6The metal support 100 further comprises a reaction medium material distribution area 131 and a reaction medium material collection area 132. The reaction medium material distribution area 131 is arranged at one end of the metal support 100 close to the reaction medium material inlet 104. The reaction medium material collection area 132 is arranged at one end of the metal support 100 close to the reaction medium material outlet 105. The reaction medium material distribution area 131 is used to connect the reaction medium material inlet 104 and the reaction flow channel area 110. The reaction medium material collection area 132 is used to connect the reaction medium material outlet 105 and the reaction flow channel area 110. It can be understood that in the embodiment, one electrochemical reaction unit 300 corresponds to one gas permeable through-hole area 120, and the metal support 100 is provided with a plurality of gas permeable through-hole areas 120. The number of electrochemical reaction units 300 is equal to the number of gas permeable through-hole areas 120, and the positions are one-to-one corresponding.

[0066] The reaction medium material such as fuel enters the reaction medium material distribution area 131 through the reaction medium material inlet 104, and then enters the reaction flow channel area 110 for reforming reaction. The fuel that is not completely reacted enters the reaction medium material collection area 132 and is discharged to the electrochemical reaction unit 300 through the reaction medium material outlet 105. Optionally, the reaction medium material distribution area 131 and / or the reaction medium material collection area 132 is provided with a flow guide 133. In the embodiment, the reaction medium material distribution area 131 and the reaction medium material collection area 132 are respectively provided with a flow guide 133. In this way, the fuel can be more uniformly and efficiently distributed to the plurality of reaction flow channel areas 110, and the fuel that is not completely reacted in the reaction flow channel area 110 can enter the reaction medium material collection area 132 more quickly. Of course, the flow guide 133 also has a certain supporting effect, which improves the structural strength and stability.

[0067] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the flow guide 133 can be arranged only in the reaction medium material distribution area 131 or only in the reaction medium material collection area 132, which is not limited here.

[0068] The reaction medium material inlet 104 is used to connect a feed pipe, and the reaction medium material outlet 105 is used to connect a discharge pipe. In the embodiment, the reaction medium material inlet 104 and the feed pipe are welded, and the reaction medium material outlet 105 and the discharge pipe are welded, so as to improve the sealing of the connection, and further improve the air tightness of the entire cell or electrolytic cell.

[0069] In this embodiment, the metal support body 100 is an integral structure, which is integrally formed by additive manufacturing. Specifically, the reaction flow channel area 110, the support structure 111, the spoiler structure, the reaction medium material inlet 104, the reaction medium material distribution area 131, the reaction medium material outlet 105, the reaction medium material collection area 132, the first surface 101, the second surface 102, and the peripheral side surface 103 are integrally formed. The first surface 101, the second surface 102, and the peripheral side surface 103 are an integral whole, have good sealing performance, can realize self-sealing of the fuel gas channel, and solve the problem of high-temperature sealing of fuel gas in the prior art.

[0070] Of course, the metal support body 100 can also be connected in a split manner, such as the first surface 101, the second surface 102, and the peripheral side surface 103 being formed by brazing welding.

[0071] The through holes 121 of the gas-permeable through hole area 120 can be formed by powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing laser drilling, or electron beam drilling. The material of the metal support body 100 is an iron-based or chromium-based alloy material, and preferably includes one or more of SUS430, Croferr22, ZMG232, and T441.

[0072] Optionally, if the through holes 121 are formed by subsequent laser drilling, they can be formed by the following three methods: 1. directly drilling the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the metal support body 100; 2. preparing a metal transition layer 210 on the surface of the metal support body 100, and then drilling the surface of the metal transition layer 210; 3. preparing a metal transition layer 210 and an insulating layer 200 on the surface of the metal support body 100, and then drilling the surface of the insulating layer 200. Here, no specific limitation is made.

[0073] It can be understood that one of the biggest problems of existing flat plate SOFCs is the high-temperature sealing problem. Although the existing tubular SOFCs can avoid high-temperature sealing, there is still a need for sealing at the low-temperature section. The existing integrated SOFCs are anode-supported SOFC electrochemical reaction units 300 arranged on the surface of a ceramic support body, and gas distribution manifolds are needed at both ends of the cell to supply and collect gas. The integrated flat plate SOFC of the metal support body 100 with indirect internal reforming in this embodiment can completely avoid the sealing problem at the cold end and the hot end, and does not need to set up a gas distribution manifold at both ends of the cell to supply and collect gas, has better sealing performance, and avoids the problems of high-temperature sealing and low-temperature sealing.

[0074] In combination with Figure 7The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 are respectively covered with an insulation layer 200, so as to realize the electrical isolation between the electrochemical reaction units 300 and the metal support 100, and realize the independence between the electrochemical reaction units 300. The insulation layer 200 completely covers the metal support 100, and the through holes 121 of the gas permeable through hole area 120 penetrate through the insulation layer 200, so that the reformed synthesis gas can reach the anode 310 of the electrochemical reaction unit 300. Optionally, a metal transition layer 210 is arranged between the first surface 101 and the insulation layer 200. The metal transition layer 210 is arranged between the second surface 102 and the insulation layer 200; the through holes 121 penetrate through the metal transition layer 210 and the insulation layer 200. By arranging the metal transition layer 210, the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the insulation layer 200 and the metal support 100 can be reduced, the structure delamination can be avoided, and the reliability of the battery structure can be improved. Of course, in some embodiments, the metal transition layer 210 can also be omitted.

[0075] The material of the insulation layer 200 can be a ceramic material, preferably including one or more of Al2O3, MgAl2O4, Y2O3-ZrO2 or electrolyte 320 material. The material of the metal transition layer 210 is a nickel-based alloy material, preferably including one or more of NiCr, NiAl, NiCrAlY and NiCoCrAlY.

[0076] Optionally, a plurality of electrochemical reaction units 300 are flatly laid on the surface of the insulation layer 200 and are spaced apart from each other without being connected to each other. Each electrochemical reaction unit 300 includes an anode 310, an electrolyte 320 and a cathode 330 arranged on the insulation layer 200 in sequence from inside to outside. The electrolyte 320 completely separates the anode 310 and the cathode 330. The anode 310 completely covers the through hole 121, and the cathodes 330 of adjacent electrochemical reaction units 300 are separated, and the anodes 310 are separated. Among them, the size of the anode 310 is larger than the size of the cathode 330, the anode 310 includes a first area covered by the electrolyte 320 and a second area exposed from the electrolyte 320; the size of the first area is consistent with the size of the cathode 330, and the second area is electrically connected to the cathode 330 of the adjacent electrochemical reaction unit 300 through the conductive piece 340. The electrolyte 320 is also arranged between the side surface of the anode 310 and the conductive piece 340, which plays a role of isolation and insulation.

[0077] Optionally, the conductive member 340 comprises a porous segment 341 and a solid segment 342, the porous segment 341 covers the side surface of the cathode 330 far from the electrolyte 320, and the solid segment 342 is located between adjacent electrochemical reaction units 300 and is electrically connected with the second region of the anode 310. In this way, reliable connection of adjacent electrochemical reaction units 300 can be achieved. It can be understood that the conductive member 340 is several. The several conductive members 340 connect all the electrochemical reaction units 300 on both sides of the metal support body 100 in series or in series-parallel combination to form a battery or an electrolytic cell with a certain output voltage and output power. The first and last ends of the series-connected electrochemical reaction units 300 are respectively reserved with terminal posts 344. The side of the solid segment 342 far from the porous segment 341 is spaced apart from the adjacent cathode 330. The porous segment 341 covering the cathode 330 has a porous structure, which facilitates air to reach the cathode 330 and provides oxygen for the electrochemical reaction.

[0078] In combination Figure 8 It should be noted that, in order to electrically connect the electrochemical reaction units 300 on the first surface 101 and the electrochemical reaction units 300 on the second surface 102 of the metal support body 100, the solid segment 342 further comprises a side solid segment 343. The side surface 103 of the metal support body 100 is provided with a portion of the side solid segment 343, which is sequentially provided with the metal transition layer 210 and the insulating layer 200 to improve the reliability of the connection structure.

[0079] The material of the conductive member 340 is a conductive material, which preferably comprises one or more of iron-based or nickel-based alloy, Pt, Ag, Au or other any high-temperature oxidation-resistant and high-conductive material.

[0080] The embodiment of the present application further provides a power supply comprising a housing and the integrated plate-type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell. The integrated plate-type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell is arranged in the housing, which is convenient for moving and carrying. The fuel gas flow channel of the power supply has good sealing performance, fast start-stop speed, good battery performance and high power-to-weight ratio.

[0081] In summary, the integrated plate-type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell and the power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application have the following beneficial effects, including, for example:

[0082] 1. The integrated plate-type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell provided by the embodiment of the present application is arranged with several electrochemical reaction units 300 on one side or both sides of the metal support body 100, so that the output voltage is higher. The number and weight of the metal connectors and other structural members are reduced, and the power-to-weight ratio of the power generation system is improved.

[0083] 2、Avoid the sealing problem between adjacent battery structures in the stacked structure. The metal support body 100 is integrally formed, has good sealing performance, and can realize self-sealing of the fuel flow channel. The reaction medium material inlet and outlet are respectively welded to the inlet pipe and outlet pipe, which can solve the sealing problem of the high-temperature end and the low-temperature end of the reaction medium material.

[0084] 3、The support body is made of metal material, has high thermal conductivity and good thermal shock resistance, is beneficial to improve the start-stop speed, and improve the robustness and service life of the battery / stack.

[0085] 4、The reforming reaction is carried out in the metal support body 100, the phenomenon of serious carbon deposition on the anode 310 is avoided, and the complexity and high cost of the external reforming device are avoided.

[0086] The power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the integrated plate type metal support solid oxide fuel cell or electrolytic cell, can realize self-sealing of the fuel flow channel, has fast start-stop speed, good sealing performance, good robustness, solves the problem of carbon deposition on the anode 310, has high output voltage and high power-to-weight ratio, and is especially suitable for portable power supply, aircraft and other mobile vehicle power supply scenes.

[0087] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated planar metal supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser, characterised in that, The application relates to a metal support body, an electrochemical reaction unit, an insulation layer and a conductive part. The metal support body has a first surface and a second surface arranged oppositely and a peripheral side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface; the first surface, the second surface and the peripheral side surface are sealedly connected; a flow channel of a reaction medium material is arranged between the first surface and the second surface; a reaction medium material inlet and a reaction medium material outlet respectively communicating with the flow channel are arranged on the peripheral side surface; the metal support body is provided with a plurality of gas-permeable through-hole regions; the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions communicate with the flow channel of the reaction medium material; the flow channel of the reaction medium material further comprises a reaction flow channel region; the metal support body further comprises a reaction medium material distribution region and a reaction medium material collection region; the reaction medium material distribution region is used for connecting the reaction medium material inlet and the reaction flow channel region; the reaction medium material collection region is used for connecting the reaction medium material outlet and the reaction flow channel region; the reaction medium material distribution region and / or the reaction medium material collection region is provided with a flow guide body; the electrochemical reaction unit is integrated on the metal support body; the electrochemical reaction unit comprises a battery or an electrolytic cell; at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the metal support body is provided with a plurality of electrochemical reaction units; the number of the electrochemical reaction units is equal to the number of the gas-permeable through-hole regions, and the positions of the electrochemical reaction units and the gas-permeable through-hole regions correspond to each other one by one; the insulation layer is arranged between the metal support body and the electrochemical reaction unit, and the insulation layer completely covers the metal support body, and the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions penetrate through the insulation layer; the conductive part is used for connecting a plurality of electrochemical reaction units. The first surface and the second surface of the metal support body are respectively provided with the electrochemical reaction units; a partition plate is arranged in the metal support body, and the partition plate is used for guiding the reaction medium material to the first surface and the second surface respectively. The reaction flow channel region is arranged between the first surface and the second surface and is arranged to be spaced from the first surface and the second surface respectively; the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole regions communicate with the reaction flow channel region; the reaction flow channel region is used for the flow and / or chemical reaction of the reaction medium material. A metal transition layer is arranged between the first surface and the insulation layer; and / or a metal transition layer is arranged between the second surface and the insulation layer; the gas-permeable through-hole region comprises a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes penetrate through the metal transition layer and the insulation layer. The reaction flow channel region is provided with a support structure and / or a turbulence structure; and the reaction flow channel region is provided as a porous structure. The metal support body is integrally formed or separately formed, and the through holes of the gas-permeable through-hole region are formed by powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, laser drilling or electron beam drilling. The thickness of the metal support body is 2 mm to 10 mm, the length and width dimensions of the first surface and the second surface range from 20 mm to 500 mm respectively; and the number of electrochemical reaction units on the first surface or the second surface is 2 to 100.

2. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ 5. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 3, wherein, ​ 6. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, ​ 7. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, ​ 8. The integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser of claim 1, wherein, Each of the electrochemical reaction units comprises, in order from inside to outside, an anode, an electrolyte and a cathode disposed on the insulating layer; the anode completely covers the through hole; the cathodes of adjacent electrochemical reaction units are separated, and the anodes of adjacent electrochemical reaction units are separated; The anode comprises a first region covered by the electrolyte and a second region beyond the electrolyte; the second region is electrically connected to the cathode of an adjacent electrochemical reaction unit through the conductive member; The conductive member comprises a porous segment and a solid segment connected in series, the porous segment covers a side surface of the cathode away from the electrolyte, and the solid segment is located between adjacent electrochemical reaction units and is electrically connected to the second region of the anode.

9. A power supply, characterized by, An integrated planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser comprising a housing and a planar metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell or electrolyser as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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