Communication interface switching method and device in V2X communication

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication interface switching method and device in V2X communication, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining an uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to a BSM message received by a road side unit, and obtaining a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to an RSM message received by a vehicle-mounted unit; and determining communication mode switching between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter. According to the invention, the communication interface can be quickly switched for the vehicle, and the effect of improving the communication quality of the vehicle is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of vehicle networking, and more specifically, to a method and device for switching a communication interface in V2X communication. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country has established the policy of building Internet of Vehicles based on C-V2X technology. Since 2018, many Internet of Vehicles application demonstration projects based on LTE-C2X have been carried out across the country. Various Internet of Vehicles applications based on vehicle-road collaboration have also been widely verified in the demonstration areas. In addition, the broad C-V2X communication technology includes two communication methods: PC5 direct connection communication method and Uu port mobile cellular network communication method. How to switch between the two communication methods to change the communication quality of the vehicle is also a current research topic.

[0003] In the related technology, there are some solutions for switching between PC5 interface and Uu interface. However, these solutions require the V2X server and NWDAF module in the core network to exchange information, and also need to judge whether to switch the communication interface based on the average performance parameters of multiple vehicles within the coverage area of ​​the base station. The processing delay is large and it is difficult to ensure the communication quality of the vehicle.

[0004] Therefore, the problem of how to enable vehicles to quickly switch communication interfaces needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for switching communication interfaces in V2X communication, so as to at least solve the problem in the related art of requiring fast switching of interfaces and improving the quality of vehicle communication.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a communication interface switching method in V2X communication is provided, comprising: obtaining uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit, and obtaining downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by a vehicle-mounted unit;

[0007] The communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the on-board unit is determined based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a communication interface switching device in V2X communication, including:

[0009] An acquisition unit, used to acquire uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit, and to acquire downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by an onboard unit;

[0010] A determination unit is used to determine the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

[0011] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the above method embodiments when run.

[0012] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0013] Through the present invention, since the communication quality between each vehicle and the roadside unit can be determined according to the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and downlink PC5 channel performance parameters of each vehicle, the interface of each vehicle can be switched according to the communication quality. Compared with the related art, the core network does not need to be involved, and the information of multiple vehicles does not need to be collected. Adjustment decisions are made in a targeted manner according to the information of a single vehicle, which greatly shortens the delay, and the data is more in line with the actual situation of each vehicle. Therefore, the problem of difficulty in selecting a suitable communication interface for each vehicle can be solved, and the effect of improving the communication quality of each vehicle can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a network architecture diagram for running a communication interface switching method in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a communication interface switching method in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is a flow chart of obtaining uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is a flow chart of obtaining downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by a vehicle-mounted unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is a flowchart of determining a communication mode 1 between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface of a vehicle-mounted unit based on an uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 is a flowchart of determining a second communication mode between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface of a vehicle-mounted unit based on an uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 is a flowchart of determining a communication mode 3 between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface of a vehicle-mounted unit based on an uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a switching process between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface initiated by a vehicle-mounted unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a switching process between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface initiated by a network-side V2X server according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Fig.10 is a structural block diagram of a communication interface switching device in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] At present, my country's Internet of Vehicles construction policy based on C-V2X technology has been established. Since 2018, many Internet of Vehicles application demonstration projects based on LTE-C2X have been carried out across the country, and various Internet of Vehicles applications based on vehicle-road collaboration have also been widely verified in the demonstration areas. Although the broad C-V2X communication technology includes two communication methods, namely, PC5 direct communication and Uu-port mobile cellular network communication, the vehicle-road collaboration application in the current demonstration area is mainly verified by the PC5 communication method, which requires a large number of RSUs (Roadside Units) to be deployed on the roadside for coverage. Obviously, this single communication method can only be deployed in demonstration areas and hot spots, and cannot be promoted on urban roads across the country, because the deployment of a new PC5 V2X network will face problems such as excessive investment in full coverage, low penetration of vehicle-mounted units, poor operability, and low input-output economy, and the business model is difficult to operate in practice. Considering the popularity of 5G network infrastructure and terminals in my country, building the Internet of Vehicles based on the 5G Uu communication method and making full use of the operators' existing 5G baseband unit (BBU) computing power resources and MEC (Multi-access Edge Computing) computing power resources is an important and indispensable supplement. It is also an important way to quickly increase the coverage of Internet of Vehicles applications and increase the value of data generated on the road side of the Internet of Vehicles. In 2023, China Mobile has begun to organize large-scale vehicle-road collaborative application tests based on 5G Uu and 5G base stations. In the mobile solution architecture, the base station implements the function of the inter-sensory integration unit (such as the virtual roadside unit, VirtualRoadsideUnit, vRSU) by adding a computing power board, and establishes a connection with the V2X cloud control platform. The inter-sensory integration unit is responsible for packaging the roadside perception results into V2X messages and adapting them to the Uu interface, and then sending the V2X messages to the vehicle through the Uu interface. Similarly, the vehicle also sends the adapted V2X message to the inter-sensory integration unit on the base station side through the Uu port.

[0027] It should be pointed out that although the vehicle-road cooperative communication solution based on the 5G Uu interface has the advantages of high reliability and wide coverage compared with the PC5 direct communication solution based on LTE C-V2X, the PC5 direct communication solution based on LTE C-V2X still has incomparable advantages in some aspects. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the communication between the vehicle and the roadside RSU device mainly uses the PC5 broadcast method. One communication can allow multiple vehicles or devices to receive messages, while the Uu interface currently uses unicast communication, which can only allow one device to receive messages at a time; for example, when using the broadcast method, there is no need to consider the business continuity requirements, while the use of the unicast method requires a design solution to ensure the continuity of the business during the movement of the vehicle.

[0028] In the actual service deployment process in the future, there will inevitably be a situation where the mobile operator network based on the 5G Uu interface and the V2X operator network based on the PC5 direct communication interface coexist and provide services together. Considering that the PC5 direct communication mode based on LTE C-V2X and the vehicle-road cooperative communication mode based on the 5G Uu interface have their own advantages and disadvantages, it is necessary to flexibly and dynamically select the appropriate communication mode by comprehensively considering multiple factors such as channels, resources, and services during vehicle driving. At present, there are some solutions in the industry for switching between PC5 interface and Uu interface. However, these solutions not only require the V2X server and NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function) module in the core network to interact with each other, resulting in a large processing delay and unable to support V2X applications that are sensitive to delay, but also determine whether the communication interface needs to be switched based on the average performance parameters of multiple vehicles within the coverage range of the base station, and cannot select a suitable communication interface for each vehicle. In order to make up for the above defects, it is necessary to design a simple and feasible application layer service parameter measurement method that does not require the participation of the core network, and to design a set of PC5 and Uu interface switching solutions in V2X communication based on this method.

[0029] In related technologies, for example, there is already a mechanism for early warning of QoS changes in the 3GPP standard. The goal of this mechanism is to allow the 5G system, specifically the NWDAF module in the core network, to monitor relevant network parameters and notify the V2X application server of QoS changes after receiving a request from the V2X AS (V2X Application Server). The NWDAF module will provide the areas and time slots where QoS may change in the notification, as well as the network parameter values ​​that led to the judgment. Furthermore, the above network parameter values ​​are derived based on the average value of the network parameters of all vehicles in the base station coverage area.

[0030] The present application embodiment can be run on Figure 1 In the network architecture shown, Figure 1 is a network architecture diagram for running a communication interface switching method in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the network architecture includes: an on-board unit, a roadside unit and a network-side V2X server, wherein the on-board unit and the roadside unit can communicate through a PC5 interface, the roadside unit can communicate with the network-side V2X server through a transmission network, and the network-side V2X server and the on-board unit can communicate through a Uu interface.

[0031] In this embodiment, a communication interface switching method in V2X communication running on the above-mentioned mobile terminal or network architecture is provided. Figure 2 is a flow chart of a method for switching a communication interface in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S201, obtaining uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the BSM message received by the roadside unit, and obtaining downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the RSM message received by the vehicle-mounted unit;

[0033] In one implementation, taking the acquisition of uplink PC5 channel performance parameters as an example: the roadside unit obtains the communication information between the onboard unit and the roadside unit by receiving the BSM (Basic Safety Message) message sent by the vehicle's onboard unit. The BSM message may carry the sending time of the BSM message, the receiving time of the BSM message, the onboard unit identifier and the BSM message number, etc. The roadside unit can use this information to evaluate indicators such as the delay, delay jitter and packet loss rate of the uplink PC5 channel. Taking the acquisition of downlink PC5 channel performance parameters as an example: the onboard unit obtains the communication information between the roadside unit and the onboard unit by receiving the RSM message sent by the roadside unit. The RSM message may carry the sending time of the RSM message, the receiving time of the RSM message, the onboard unit identifier and the RSM message number, etc. The onboard unit can use this information to evaluate indicators such as the delay, delay jitter and packet loss rate of the downlink PC5 channel.

[0034] Step S202: Determine the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

[0035] The RSU and OMU monitor the performance parameters of the uplink and downlink PC5 channels, such as latency, latency jitter, and packet loss rate, based on the received BSM and RSM messages. By monitoring these performance parameters periodically or in real time, the quality and stability of the current communication environment can be obtained.

[0036] Determine when to switch the communication mode according to the preset thresholds and policies. You can set the thresholds of the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters, and compare the performance parameters of the uplink or downlink PC5 channel with the corresponding thresholds. When the performance parameters of the uplink or downlink PC5 channel reach or exceed the set threshold, the switching of the communication mode can be triggered.

[0037] When the communication mode switching condition is triggered, the vehicle-mounted unit can choose to switch to the Uu interface or PC5 interface according to the preset strategy. When switching to the Uu interface, the vehicle-mounted unit can communicate using the cellular network and provide a more stable network connection by communicating with the base station. When switching to the PC5 interface, the vehicle-mounted unit can communicate directly with the roadside unit and provide lower latency communication through collaboration with the vehicle.

[0038] Through the above steps, by collecting and analyzing the PC5 channel performance parameters, and determining the triggering conditions and resource preparation for the cut-out switching based on these parameters, the information interaction process is reflected between the vehicle-mounted unit and the roadside unit, which greatly reduces the data waiting time and shortens the delay. In addition, when the PC5 channel performance parameters do not meet the threshold, it indicates that the communication quality through the PC5 interface is poor at this time, and you can choose to switch from the PC5 interface to the Uu interface, thereby improving the communication quality of the vehicle.

[0039] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of obtaining uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown,

[0040] In one implementation, obtaining uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit includes:

[0041] Step S301: The roadside unit receives a BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, wherein the BSM message is provided with a first indication bit to instruct the message receiver to save a first related parameter when receiving the BSM message;

[0042] Step S302: The roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, and forwards the first relevant parameter to the network side V2X server, so that the network side V2X server obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter; or the roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter, and sends the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter to the network side V2X server.

[0043] For example, a vehicle (carrying an onboard unit) is driving and broadcasting a BSM message to a nearby roadside unit. The BSM message contains a first indicator bit and a first related parameter. After receiving the BSM message, the roadside unit will process it according to the first indicator bit. For example, the first indicator bit is 1, indicating that the message recipient needs to save the first related parameter when receiving the BSM message. The roadside unit extracts the first related parameter and forwards it to the network-side V2X server. After the network-side V2X server receives the first related parameter, it can calculate the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter based on the parameter. The uplink PC5 channel performance parameter may include parameters such as the uplink PC5 channel delay, uplink delay jitter, and uplink packet loss rate. These parameters can be used to evaluate the communication quality between the onboard unit and the roadside unit. In another case, after the first indicator bit is 1, the roadside unit directly calculates the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter based on the first related parameter and sends it to the network-side V2X server. In this way, the network-side V2X server can directly obtain the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter for evaluating the communication quality. In the above manner, the roadside unit can obtain the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters based on the received BSM message and pass it to the network-side V2X server. In this way, the network-side V2X server can evaluate the communication quality based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and switch the communication mode or take other optimization measures as needed.

[0044] In one implementation, the first related parameter includes at least one of the following: a sending time of a BSM message, a receiving time of a BSM message, a number of a BSM message, and an identifier of an onboard unit.

[0045] For example, the identification of the on-board unit can bind the vehicle to the BSM message to facilitate targeted adjustments to the vehicle.

[0046] In one implementation, obtaining the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first related parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0047] The delay of the uplink PC5 channel is obtained based on the difference between the sending time of the BSM message and the receiving time of the BSM message;

[0048] For example, by recording the timestamps of the sending and receiving times in the BSM message, the transmission delay of the message on the uplink PC5 channel can be calculated. The delay refers to the time difference between the sending end and the receiving end of the message, which can be used to evaluate the transmission efficiency and delay of the uplink PC5 channel.

[0049] Calculate uplink delay jitter based on the historical delay of uplink PC5 channel;

[0050] For example, the delay jitter of the uplink PC5 channel refers to the degree of variation in the transmission delay of the same message in different time periods. By recording the transmission delays of multiple BSM messages on the uplink PC5 channel, statistical indicators of the delay jitter, such as the standard deviation or mean absolute deviation, can be calculated. The magnitude of the delay jitter can reflect the stability and reliability of the uplink PC5 channel.

[0051] Get the uplink packet loss rate based on the BSM message number.

[0052] For example, a BSM message usually contains a unique number to identify the order and integrity of the message. By comparing the numbers of consecutive BSM messages, it can be determined whether there is packet loss. The uplink packet loss rate refers to the probability of message loss on the uplink PC5 channel. By counting the number of packet losses and the total number of messages sent, the uplink packet loss rate can be calculated to evaluate the reliability and stability of the uplink PC5 channel.

[0053] The above methods can help evaluate the performance and quality of the uplink PC5 channel so as to optimize performance and troubleshoot problems in the communication system. By monitoring indicators such as latency, latency jitter, and packet loss rate, problems with the uplink PC5 channel can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, improving communication efficiency and reliability.

[0054] In one implementation, before the roadside unit receives the BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, the method further includes:

[0055] The onboard unit broadcasts BSM messages to the roadside unit periodically through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts BSM messages to the roadside unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

[0056] For example, the predetermined event may be that the onboard unit fails to receive a V2X message sent by the roadside unit after a preset window time has passed.

[0057] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of obtaining downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by a vehicle-mounted unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown,

[0058] In one implementation, obtaining downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the RSM message received by the onboard unit includes:

[0059] Step S401: The onboard unit receives an RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, wherein a second indication bit is set in the RSM message to instruct the message receiver to save a second related parameter when receiving the RSM message;

[0060] Step S402: The onboard unit obtains a second related parameter according to the second indicator bit, and obtains a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter.

[0061] For example, a vehicle is driving, and the roadside unit broadcasts an RSM message on the roadside. The RSM message contains a second indicator bit and a second related parameter. After receiving the RSM message, the on-board unit will process it according to the second indicator bit. For example, the second indicator bit is 1, indicating that the message recipient needs to save the second related parameter when receiving the RSM message. The on-board unit will extract the second related parameter and obtain the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter based on the parameter. The downlink PC5 channel performance parameters include the downlink PC5 channel delay, downlink delay jitter, downlink packet loss rate and other parameters. These parameters can be used to evaluate the communication quality between the roadside unit and the on-board unit. Through the above steps, the on-board unit can obtain the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters based on the received RSM message. In this way, the on-board unit can evaluate the communication quality based on the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters, and switch the communication mode or take other optimization measures as needed.

[0062] In one implementation, the second related parameter includes at least one of the following: the sending time of the RSM message, the receiving time of the RSM message, the number of the RSM message, and the identification of the on-board unit.

[0063] For example, the identification of the on-board unit can bind the vehicle to the RSM message to facilitate targeted adjustments to the vehicle.

[0064] In one implementation, obtaining the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0065] The delay of the downlink PC5 channel is obtained based on the difference between the sending time of the RSM message and the receiving time of the RSM message;

[0066] For example, by recording the timestamps of the sending and receiving times in the RSM message, the transmission delay of the message on the downlink PC5 channel can be calculated. The delay refers to the time difference between the sending end and the receiving end of the message, which can be used to evaluate the transmission efficiency and delay of the downlink PC5 channel.

[0067] Calculate downlink delay jitter based on the historical delay of the downlink PC5 channel;

[0068] For example, the delay jitter of the downlink PC5 channel refers to the degree of variation in the transmission delay of the same message in different time periods. By recording the transmission delays of multiple RSM messages on the downlink PC5 channel, statistical indicators of the delay jitter, such as the standard deviation or mean absolute deviation, can be calculated. The magnitude of the delay jitter can reflect the stability and reliability of the downlink PC5 channel.

[0069] Get the downlink packet loss rate based on the RSM message number.

[0070] For example, RSM messages usually contain a unique number to identify the order and integrity of the message. By comparing the numbers of consecutive RSM messages, it is possible to determine whether there is packet loss. The downlink packet loss rate refers to the probability of message loss on the downlink PC5 channel. By counting the number of packet losses and the total number of messages sent, the downlink packet loss rate can be calculated to evaluate the reliability and stability of the downlink PC5 channel.

[0071] The above methods can help evaluate the performance and quality of the downlink PC5 channel so as to optimize performance and troubleshoot problems in the communication system. By monitoring indicators such as latency, latency jitter, and packet loss rate, problems with the downlink PC5 channel can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, improving the efficiency and reliability of communications.

[0072] In one implementation, before the onboard unit receives the RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, the method further includes:

[0073] The roadside unit periodically broadcasts RSM messages to the vehicle-mounted unit through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts RSM messages to the vehicle-mounted unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

[0074] For example, the predetermined event may be that the roadside unit does not receive a V2X message from the vehicle-mounted unit after a preset window time or does not receive an indication message from the network-side V2X server.

[0075] Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of determining a communication mode 1 between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface of a vehicle-mounted unit based on an uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and a downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown,

[0076] In one implementation, determining the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes:

[0077] Step S501: The network-side V2X server obtains downlink PC5 channel performance parameters from the vehicle-mounted unit through the Uu interface;

[0078] For example, the network-side V2X server communicates with the vehicle-mounted unit through the Uu interface to obtain the performance parameters of the vehicle-mounted unit on the downlink PC5 channel. These performance parameters may include indicators such as the latency, latency jitter, and packet loss rate of the downlink PC5 channel. By obtaining these parameters, the network-side V2X server can understand the current communication quality and performance status of the vehicle-mounted unit.

[0079] Step S502: The network-side V2X server determines the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters.

[0080] For example, based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters, the network-side V2X server can make a decision to switch the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit. According to the changes in real-time performance parameters, the network-side V2X server can determine whether the current communication quality meets the requirements. If it does, it will continue to use the PC5 interface for communication; if it does not, it can choose to switch to the Uu interface for communication.

[0081] By switching based on real-time performance parameters, the communication between the vehicle-mounted unit and the network side can be ensured to always remain in a good state, improving the stability and reliability of communication. This communication mode switching based on performance parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions to adapt to different communication environments and requirements. By timely obtaining and analyzing performance parameters, the network side can decide whether to switch the communication mode based on the current communication situation of the vehicle-mounted unit, thereby optimizing communication quality and performance.

[0082] Figure 6 1 is a flowchart of determining a second communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown,

[0083] In one implementation, determining the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes:

[0084] Step S601: The vehicle-mounted unit obtains uplink PC5 channel performance parameters from the network-side V2X server through the Uu interface;

[0085] For example, the vehicle-mounted unit communicates with the network-side V2X server through the Uu interface and obtains the performance parameters of the uplink PC5 channel sent by the network-side V2X server. These performance parameters may include indicators such as the latency, latency jitter, and packet loss rate of the uplink PC5 channel. By obtaining these parameters, the vehicle-mounted unit can understand the communication quality and performance status of the current uplink PC5 channel.

[0086] Step S602: The onboard unit determines the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

[0087] For example, based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters, the onboard unit can make a decision to switch the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface. According to the changes in real-time performance parameters, the onboard unit can determine whether the current communication quality meets the requirements. If it does, it will continue to use the PC5 interface for communication; if it does not, it can choose to switch to the Uu interface for communication. By switching according to real-time performance parameters, it can ensure that the communication between the onboard unit and the network side is always in a good state, improving the stability and reliability of communication. This communication mode switching based on performance parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions to adapt to different communication environments and requirements. By obtaining and analyzing performance parameters, the onboard unit can decide whether to switch the communication mode according to the current communication situation, thereby optimizing communication quality and performance.

[0088] Figure 7 1 is a flowchart of determining a communication mode 3 between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown,

[0089] In one implementation, determining the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes:

[0090] Step S701: Obtain resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface and performance parameters of the uplink and downlink channels of the Uu interface;

[0091] For example, the OMU will obtain the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, and at the same time, the OMU will also obtain the performance parameters of the uplink and downlink channels of the Uu interface. By obtaining these parameters, the OMU can understand the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, as well as the communication quality and performance of the Uu interface.

[0092] Step S702: Determine the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, as well as the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters, the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters, and the uplink and downlink channel performance parameters of the Uu interface.

[0093] For example, the network-side V2X server can obtain the performance parameters of the uplink and downlink channels of the Uu interface. According to the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, the on-board unit can determine whether the current communication load and resource utilization meet the requirements. According to the performance parameters of the uplink PC5 channel, the performance parameters of the downlink PC5 channel, and the performance parameters of the uplink and downlink channels of the Uu interface, the on-board unit can determine whether the current communication quality meets the requirements. Based on these parameters, the on-board unit can make a decision to switch the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface. If the resource utilization and communication quality of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface meet the requirements, the PC5 interface will continue to be used for communication; if either party does not meet the requirements, the Uu interface can be selected for communication. By switching according to resource utilization and performance parameters, communication resources can be reasonably allocated to improve the efficiency and reliability of communication. This communication mode switching based on resource utilization and performance parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions to adapt to different communication environments and requirements. By obtaining and analyzing resource utilization and performance parameters in real time, the on-board unit can decide whether to switch the communication mode according to its own situation and the communication environment, thereby optimizing communication quality and performance.

[0094] In one implementation, the network-side V2X server is located in one of the following: a base station, a core network, or an application layer.

[0095] It should be noted that the switching process between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface can be initiated by the vehicle-mounted unit or by the network-side V2X server.

[0096] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the switching process between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface initiated by the vehicle-mounted unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, in order to support the on-board unit to initiate the switching process, the network-side V2X server initiates the need to send the uplink PC5 channel air interface delay, delay jitter and packet loss rate to the on-board unit through the Uu interface, and at the same time sends the Uu interface and PC5 interface resource utilization of the network-side V2X server to the on-board unit (which can be indicated in a variety of ways, such as displaying three levels of high, medium and low). The on-board unit determines whether the current service needs to be switched from the PC5 interface to the Uu interface or from the Uu interface to the PC5 interface based on the uplink and downlink air interface delays, delay jitter, packet loss rate and resource utilization. When the on-board unit needs to switch interface communication, it can switch from the Uu interface to the PC5 interface or from the PC5 interface to the Uu interface.

[0097] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a switching process between a PC5 interface and a Uu interface initiated by a network-side V2X server according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 9As shown, in order to support the network-side V2X server to initiate the switching process, the vehicle-mounted unit needs to send the downlink PC5 channel air interface delay, delay jitter and packet loss rate to the network-side V2X server through the Uu interface. The network-side V2X server determines whether the current service needs to be switched from the PC5 interface to the Uu interface or from the Uu interface to the PC5 interface based on the uplink and downlink air interface delay, delay jitter, packet loss rate and resource utilization. When the network-side V2X server determines that the interface communication needs to be switched, it can switch from the Uu interface to the PC5 interface or from the PC5 interface to the Uu interface.

[0098] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by adding the necessary general hardware platform with the help of software, and of course it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] In this embodiment, a communication interface switching device in V2X communication is also provided, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred implementations, and the descriptions that have been made will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0100] Fig.10 is a structural block diagram of a communication interface switching device in V2X communication according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig.10 As shown, the device comprises:

[0101] An acquisition unit 101 is used to acquire uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit, and to acquire downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by a vehicle-mounted unit;

[0102] The determination unit 102 is used to determine the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters.

[0103] In one embodiment, the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters include at least one of the following: uplink air interface delay, uplink delay jitter, and uplink packet loss rate; the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters include at least one of the following: downlink air interface delay, downlink delay jitter, and downlink packet loss rate.

[0104] In one implementation, the device is further configured to: obtain uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by the roadside unit, including:

[0105] The roadside unit receives a BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, wherein the BSM message is provided with a first indication bit to instruct the message receiver to save a first related parameter when the BSM message is received;

[0106] The roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, and forwards the first relevant parameter to the network side V2X server, so that the network side V2X server obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter; or the roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter, and sends the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter to the network side V2X server.

[0107] In one implementation, the first related parameter includes at least one of the following: a sending time of a BSM message, a receiving time of a BSM message, a number of a BSM message, and an identifier of an onboard unit.

[0108] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to: obtain the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first related parameter, including at least one of the following:

[0109] The delay of the uplink PC5 channel is obtained based on the difference between the sending time of the BSM message and the receiving time of the BSM message;

[0110] Calculate uplink delay jitter based on the historical delay of uplink PC5 channel;

[0111] Get the uplink packet loss rate based on the BSM message number.

[0112] In one implementation, before the roadside unit receives the BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, the method further includes:

[0113] The onboard unit broadcasts BSM messages to the roadside unit periodically through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts BSM messages to the roadside unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

[0114] In one embodiment, the device is further used to: obtain downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the RSM message received by the vehicle-mounted unit, including:

[0115] The on-board unit receives the RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, wherein the RSM message is provided with a second indication bit to instruct the message receiver to save the second related parameter when receiving the RSM message;

[0116] The on-board unit obtains the second related parameter according to the second indicator bit, and obtains the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter.

[0117] In one implementation, the second related parameter includes at least one of the following: the sending time of the RSM message, the receiving time of the RSM message, the number of the RSM message, and the identification of the on-board unit.

[0118] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to: obtain the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter, including at least one of the following:

[0119] The delay of the downlink PC5 channel is obtained based on the difference between the sending time of the RSM message and the receiving time of the RSM message;

[0120] Calculate downlink delay jitter based on the historical delay of the downlink PC5 channel;

[0121] Get the downlink packet loss rate based on the RSM message number.

[0122] In one embodiment, the device is further configured to: before the onboard unit receives the RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, further include:

[0123] The roadside unit periodically broadcasts RSM messages to the vehicle-mounted unit through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts RSM messages to the vehicle-mounted unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

[0124] In one embodiment, the device is further used to: determine the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter, including:

[0125] The network-side V2X server obtains downlink PC5 channel performance parameters from the vehicle-mounted unit through the Uu interface;

[0126] The network-side V2X server determines the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters.

[0127] In one embodiment, the device is further used to: determine the communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter, including:

[0128] The vehicle-mounted unit obtains uplink PC5 channel performance parameters from the network-side V2X server through the Uu interface;

[0129] The on-board unit determines the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the on-board unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters.

[0130] In one embodiment, the device is further used to determine the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter, including:

[0131] Obtain the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, as well as the Uu interface uplink and downlink channel performance parameters;

[0132] The communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit is determined based on the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, as well as the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters, the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters and the uplink and downlink channel performance parameters of the Uu interface.

[0133] In one implementation, the network-side V2X server is located in one of the following: a base station, a core network, or an application layer.

[0134] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to: the above modules are all located in the same processor; or the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0135] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any of the above method embodiments when running.

[0136] In an exemplary embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media that can store computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0137] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0138] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0139] For specific examples in this embodiment, reference may be made to the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementation modes, and this embodiment will not be described in detail herein.

[0140] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0141] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for switching a communication interface in V2X communication, characterized in that: include: Obtain uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the BSM message received by the roadside unit, and obtain downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to the RSM message received by the vehicle-mounted unit; The communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the on-board unit is determined based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The uplink PC5 channel performance parameters include at least one of the following: uplink air interface delay, uplink delay jitter, and uplink packet loss rate; the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters include at least one of the following: downlink air interface delay, downlink delay jitter, and downlink packet loss rate.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The uplink PC5 channel performance parameters obtained based on the BSM message received by the roadside unit include: The roadside unit receives the BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, wherein the BSM message is provided with a first indication bit to instruct the message receiver to save the first relevant parameter when receiving the BSM message; The roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, and forwards the first relevant parameter to the network side V2X server, so that the network side V2X server obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter; or the roadside unit obtains the first relevant parameter according to the first indicator bit, obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first relevant parameter, and sends the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter to the network side V2X server.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first related parameter includes at least one of the following: the sending time of the BSM message, the receiving time of the BSM message, the number of the BSM message, and the identification of the on-board unit.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Acquiring the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the first related parameter includes at least one of the following: Obtaining the delay of the uplink PC5 channel based on the difference between the sending time of the BSM message and the receiving time of the BSM message; Calculate uplink delay jitter based on the historical delay of the uplink PC5 channel; The uplink packet loss rate is obtained based on the number of the BSM message.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Before the roadside unit receives the BSM message broadcast by the vehicle-mounted unit, the method further includes: The onboard unit periodically broadcasts a BSM message to the roadside unit through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts a BSM message to the roadside unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The downlink PC5 channel performance parameters obtained according to the RSM message received by the vehicle-mounted unit include: The on-board unit receives the RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, wherein the RSM message is provided with a second indication bit to instruct the message receiver to save the second related parameter when receiving the RSM message; The on-board unit obtains the second related parameter according to the second indicator bit, and obtains the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The second related parameter includes at least one of the following: the sending time of the RSM message, the receiving time of the RSM message, the number of the RSM message, and the identification of the vehicle-mounted unit.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Acquiring the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter according to the second related parameter includes at least one of the following: Obtaining the time delay of the downlink PC5 channel based on the difference between the sending time of the RSM message and the receiving time of the RSM message; Calculate downlink delay jitter based on the historical delay of the downlink PC5 channel; The downlink packet loss rate is obtained based on the number of the RSM message.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that Before the on-board unit receives the RSM message broadcast by the roadside unit, the method further includes: The roadside unit periodically broadcasts the RSM message to the vehicle-mounted unit through the PC5 interface, or broadcasts the RSM message to the vehicle-mounted unit after being triggered by a predetermined event.

11. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Determining the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes: The network-side V2X server obtains the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters from the on-board unit through the Uu interface; The network-side V2X server determines the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

12. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Determining the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes: The on-board unit obtains the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter from the network-side V2X server through the Uu interface; The on-board unit determines the switching of the communication mode between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the on-board unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter includes: Obtain resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface and performance parameters of uplink and downlink channels of the Uu interface; The communication mode switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the onboard unit is determined based on the resource utilization of the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, as well as the uplink PC5 channel performance parameters, the downlink PC5 channel performance parameters and the uplink and downlink channel performance parameters of the Uu interface.

14. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The network-side V2X server is located in one of the following: base station, core network, and application layer.

15. A communication interface switching device in V2X communication, characterized in that: include: An acquisition unit, used to acquire uplink PC5 channel performance parameters according to a BSM message received by a roadside unit, and to acquire downlink PC5 channel performance parameters according to an RSM message received by an onboard unit; A determination unit is used to determine the communication switching between the PC5 interface and the Uu interface of the vehicle-mounted unit based on the uplink PC5 channel performance parameter and the downlink PC5 channel performance parameter.

16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14 when executed by a processor.

17. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 14 are implemented.

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