An antenna, glass antenna, and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna, it includes: metal base plate, first slit, it is set up on metal base plate, and two opposite boundaries of first slit respectively are provided with first feed point and second feed point, and first feed point and second feed point constitute feed port, second slit, it is set up on metal base plate, and with first slit intercommunication, first slit is used at least for producing support first frequency band's first resonant mode, and second slit is used at least for producing support second frequency band's second resonant mode, first frequency band is higher than second frequency band, and / or, first frequency band is ultra wide band frequency band. Accordingly, the utility model discloses an antenna assembly, it includes: dielectric substrate and at least one utility model above-mentioned antenna, and each antenna is located on dielectric substrate. Meanwhile, the utility model discloses a vehicle, it includes the antenna assembly of utility model above-mentioned, and dielectric substrate is glass base plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of glass technology, and in particular to an antenna, a glass antenna, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of intelligent vehicles, in-vehicle wireless systems have become increasingly functional, such as mobile communication, satellite communication, and smart cockpits. To realize these functions, a certain amount of space is needed to arrange hardware devices such as antennas. Therefore, the market has raised its requirements for antenna integration design.

[0003] However, in current technology, traditional dual-band antennas have the same polarization direction and similar radiation patterns, and the two frequency bands interfere with each other, resulting in poor communication quality when actually installed on the sunroof glass of a planar vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a new antenna, glass antenna and vehicle to solve the problem of poor communication quality when a dual-band antenna is installed on the sunroof glass.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model discloses an antenna, which includes:

[0006] metal substrate;

[0007] A first gap is formed on the metal substrate, and a first feed point and a second feed point are respectively provided on the two opposite boundaries of the first gap, the first feed point and the second feed point constitute a feed port.

[0008] The second gap is formed on the metal substrate and communicates with the first gap.

[0009] The first gap is used at least to generate a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and the second gap is used at least to generate a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band;

[0010] The first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band; and / or, the first frequency band is an ultra-wideband frequency band.

[0011] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, the first slot and the second slot are symmetrically arranged based on the same axis of symmetry, and / or the first feed point and the second feed point are located on the axis of symmetry.

[0012] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, the shape of the first gap is a non-closed ring.

[0013] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, the second slot includes a first slot and a second slot, wherein the first slot, the feed port, and the second slot are arranged in sequence;

[0014] The first groove extends in a straight line or a curve, and / or the second groove extends in a straight line or a curve.

[0015] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, at least a portion of the first slot and / or the second slot coincides with the first gap.

[0016] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, the shape of the metal substrate is circular, elliptical, or polygonal.

[0017] Furthermore, in the antenna described in this utility model, the length of the first slot is half the wavelength of the first frequency band, and / or the length of the second slot is half the wavelength of the second frequency band.

[0018] Accordingly, the present invention also discloses an antenna assembly, which includes a dielectric substrate and at least one antenna as described above, wherein each of the antennas is disposed on the dielectric substrate.

[0019] Furthermore, in the antenna assembly described in this utility model, the dielectric substrate is a single layer or multiple layers; the antenna assembly also includes a feeding component, which is coupled to or directly connected to the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

[0020] Furthermore, this utility model also discloses a vehicle, which specifically includes the antenna assembly described above. The dielectric substrate of the antenna assembly is a glass substrate, so as to realize multiple functions of the vehicle-mounted wireless system using the antenna assembly.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model designs a novel antenna. The metal substrate of the antenna has a first slot and a second slot, which are connected to the first slot. A first feed point and a second feed point are respectively set on the two opposite boundaries of the first slot. When the antenna is set on the dielectric substrate, after the first antenna is fed, due to the high dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, the electromagnetic waves at the edge of the metal substrate are redistributed, forming a ring-shaped magnetic flux loop. At this time, the ring-shaped magnetic flux loop is equivalent to a vertically polarized antenna corresponding to a high frequency. Furthermore, since a second slot connected to the first slot is also provided, the second slot can also be fed and form a horizontally polarized antenna corresponding to a low frequency, thereby forming a cross-polarization of two frequency bands. Different frequency bands are used to receive incoming waves of different polarizations, thereby reducing hardware costs and greatly improving antenna communication quality.

[0022] Accordingly, the antenna assembly and vehicle disclosed in this utility model use the antenna described above. When the antenna assembly is applied to a vehicle, the dielectric substrate of the antenna assembly is specifically selected as a glass substrate. Due to the high dielectric constant of glass, it also has the above-mentioned advantages and beneficial effects, and has good prospects for promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a top view of the antenna described in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the antenna described in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the antenna described in yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the antenna described in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a top view of the antenna described in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly described in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly described in this utility model under another embodiment;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly described in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Label Explanation:

[0032] 1. Metal substrate;

[0033] 2. First gap;

[0034] 3. Second gap; 31. First groove; 311. First part; 312. Second part; 32. Second groove; 321. Third part; 322. Fourth part;

[0035] 4. Power supply port;

[0036] 5. Axis of symmetry;

[0037] 6. Dielectric substrate;

[0038] 7. Signal source;

[0039] 8. Power supply components; 81. Coupling part; 82. Power supply wire;

[0040] 9. Adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model designs an antenna, which specifically includes: a metal substrate 1 and a first slot 2 and a second slot 3 formed on the metal substrate 1. The first slot 2 and the second slot 3 are connected, and a first feed point and a second feed point are respectively provided on the two opposite boundaries of the first slot 2, and the first feed point and the second feed point constitute a feed port 4.

[0043] In one embodiment, the metal substrate 1 can be specifically made of a metallic material, such as copper; however, for ease of production and to improve precision, in Figures 1-4 In several embodiments, the metal substrate 1 is specifically manufactured using silver paste printing, or the metal substrate 1 is a metal patch made of materials such as copper or alloys. The shape of the metal substrate 1 can be selected according to requirements, and it can specifically be circular, elliptical, or polygonal.

[0044] During production, the metal substrate 1 also has the aforementioned first slot 2 and second slot 3. The dimensions of the first slot 2 and second slot 3 affect the input impedance at the feed point. Therefore, when designing the antenna, the input obstruction of each slot can be adjusted by adjusting the length and width of the first slot 2 and second slot 3. Specifically, in order to obtain a better implementation effect, in this utility model, the length of the first slot 2 can be specifically controlled to be half the wavelength of the high-frequency resonance, i.e., 1 / 2 wavelength. Specifically, there can be a deviation of 1 / 4 wavelength, i.e., the length of the first slot 2 is 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 wavelength of the high-frequency resonance. And / or, the length of the second slot 3 is half the wavelength of the low-frequency resonance, i.e., 1 / 2 wavelength. Specifically, there can be a deviation of 1 / 4 wavelength, i.e., the length of the second slot 23 is 1 / 4 to 3 / 4 wavelength of the low-frequency resonance.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first gap 2 is used at least to generate a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band, and the second gap 3 is used at least to generate a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band, and / or, the first frequency band may specifically be an ultra-wideband frequency band.

[0046] Optionally, the first frequency band may include an 8 GHz band, and the second frequency band may include a 2.4 GHz band or a 5 GHz band. In one possible embodiment, the first frequency band may specifically be an ultra-wideband band; it is understood that the first frequency band has a wide bandwidth; optionally, when the first frequency band is an ultra-wideband band, its bandwidth is greater than or equal to 500 MHz.

[0047] For example, the first frequency band may include a 7.8 GHz to 8.3 GHz band, and the second frequency band may include a 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz band. In this embodiment, the bandwidth of the first frequency band reaches 500 MHz, the bandwidth of the second frequency band reaches 100 MHz, and the metal substrate 1 has a wider bandwidth in the first frequency band.

[0048] For example, the first frequency band may include a 7.8 GHz to 8.3 GHz band, and the second frequency band may include a 5.1 GHz to 5.8 GHz band. In this embodiment, the bandwidth of the first frequency band reaches 500 MHz, and the bandwidth of the second frequency band reaches 600 MHz. The metal substrate 1 has a wide bandwidth in both the first and second frequency bands.

[0049] In the antenna designed in this utility model, a first feed point and a second feed point are respectively provided on the two opposite boundaries of the first slot 2. When the antenna is placed on the dielectric substrate 6, after feeding the first feed point and the second feed point, the first slot 2 is equivalent to the excitation source of the metal substrate 1. Based on the high dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 6, the electric field is coupled to the edge of the metal substrate 1, and the electromagnetic waves are rearranged, so that the edge of the metal substrate 1 forms a ring magnetic flux ring. At this time, the ring magnetic flux ring is equivalent to a vertically polarized antenna, so as to realize the purpose of a vertically polarized antenna on a single surface of the dielectric substrate 6.

[0050] Meanwhile, since a second slot 3 connected to the first slot 2 is also opened on the metal substrate 1, the second slot 3 can also be fed and form a horizontally polarized antenna that can correspond to low frequency, thereby forming cross-polarization of two frequency bands and using different frequency bands to receive incoming waves of different polarizations, thereby greatly improving the antenna communication quality while reducing hardware costs.

[0051] It should be noted that in practical applications, the dielectric substrate 6 can be specifically selected as a glass substrate or a plastic plate, etc. The following description uses a glass substrate as the dielectric substrate, and the number of glass substrates can be one, two, or multiple. That is, the antenna of this utility model can be set on the glass substrate and form an antenna assembly for use in vehicles, thereby realizing multiple functions of the vehicle wireless system using the antenna assembly.

[0052] In practical applications, any type of feeder cable 82, such as coaxial cable, microstrip line, or coplanar waveguide, can be used to connect to the metal substrate 1 and fed by an external power source. The following description uses coaxial cable feeding.

[0053] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the glass substrate can be one layer, the metal substrate 1 is disposed on one side of the glass substrate, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the first feed point, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the second feed point.

[0054] For example, the number of glass substrates can be two layers. In this case, the glass substrate includes a first glass plate and a second glass plate stacked together. The first glass plate includes a first side and a second side facing each other, and the second glass plate includes a third side or a fourth side facing each other. The second side and the third side are arranged facing each other. When the glass substrate is a vehicle window glass, the fourth side faces the inside of the vehicle, and the first side faces the outside of the vehicle. The metal substrate 1 can be fed by direct power supply or coupling power supply.

[0055] For example, see Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment: a metal substrate 1 is disposed on the fourth surface, an inner conductor of a coaxial line is connected to a first feed point, and an outer conductor of a coaxial line is connected to a second feed point;

[0056] For example, see Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment: the metal substrate 1 can be disposed on the second or third surface, and the antenna further includes a coupling part 81 disposed on the fourth surface. The projection of the coupling part 81 in the thickness direction of the glass substrate at least partially overlaps with the first feed point and the second feed point. The coupling part 81 is a metal body, and the outer conductor and inner conductor of the coaxial line are connected to the coupling part 81 to couple and feed the metal substrate 1.

[0057] For ease of understanding, see Figures 1-5 The five different embodiments shown illustrate that:

[0058] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in practical applications, in the antenna designed according to this utility model, the first slot 2 and the second slot 3 disposed on the metal substrate 1 can be symmetrically arranged based on the same axis of symmetry 5; wherein, in the above... Figure 1-4 In this configuration, the aforementioned axis of symmetry 5 can pass through the feed port 4 in the first gap 2 and extend along the first direction; simultaneously, in actual installation, the first feed point and the second feed point can be located on the aforementioned axis of symmetry 5. Of course, as... Figure 5 As shown, in Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first gap 2 and the second gap 3 may not be symmetrically set based on the axis of symmetry 5, as long as the resonance requirement is met.

[0059] Accordingly, see Figure 1-5 As shown, in this antenna, the second slot 3 includes a first slot 31 and a second slot 32, and the first slot 31, the feed port 4 and the second slot 32 are arranged in sequence; and the extension of the first slot 31 can be a straight line or a curve, and the extension of the second slot 32 can be a straight line or a curve, or the extension of the second slot 32 can be a combination of straight lines and curves.

[0060] In other words, the extension method of the first slot 2 and the extension method of the second slot 3 can be the same or different. The extension method of the first slot 2 includes, but is not limited to, a straight extension or a curved extension, and the curved extension can specifically be an arc extension. The extension method of the second slot 3 includes, but is not limited to, a straight extension or a curved extension, and the curved extension can specifically be an arc extension. Among these, a curved or multi-ended broken line can reduce the overall area occupied by the slots while ensuring the length. By making the extension method of the first slot 2 an arc extension, it is beneficial to optimize the radiation performance of the first frequency band.

[0061] Understandably, in practical applications, the metal substrate 1 is electrically connected to the signal source 7 at the power supply port 4 to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source 7. The resonant current of the first resonant mode is distributed entirely or mainly along the first gap 2, and the resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed entirely or mainly along the second gap 3. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are different. When the metal substrate 1 generates the first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band through the first gap 2, the metal substrate 1 also generates the second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band through the second gap 3. That is, the metal substrate 1 can simultaneously support communication in both the first and second frequency bands.

[0062] Accordingly, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, in these five embodiments, in Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, both the first groove 31 and the second groove 32 of the second gap 3 extend along the second direction, are arranged in a straight line, and communicate with the aforementioned first gap 2; Figures 2-5 In the four embodiments shown, the first groove 31 of the second gap 3 may sequentially include a first part 311 and a second part 312, and the second groove 32 of the second gap 3 may sequentially include a third part 321 and a fourth part 322. The second part 312 and the third part 321 are located near the power supply port 4.

[0063] In practical applications, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the first slot 31 and the second slot 32 of the second gap 3 can coincide with the first gap 2, and portions of the second portion 312 and the third portion 321 of the first slot 31 and the second slot 32 of the second gap 3 coincide with the first gap 2, sharing the gap, which can further achieve antenna miniaturization; Figure 1In the case shown, when they do not overlap, the second gap 3 is tangent to the first gap 2.

[0064] Among them, Figures 2-4 In the three embodiments shown, the first groove 31 and the second groove 32 of the second gap 3 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry 5. The second part 312 and the third part 321 of the second gap 3 in the above three embodiments both extend along the second direction, and the second part 312 and the third part 321 are used to communicate with the first gap 2; however, the shapes of the first part 311 and the fourth part 322 in the three embodiments are different, and they can be selected as arc-shaped gaps (see Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown), it can also be specifically selected as a straight gap (see...). Figure 3 (As shown).

[0065] Of course, in some embodiments, the first groove 31 and the second groove 32 of the second gap 3 may not be symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry 5. For example: in Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, the second gap 3 may also include a first part 311, a second part 312, a third part 321 and a fourth part 322 in sequence. The second part 312 and the third part 321 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry 5, but the first part 311 and the fourth part 322 are not symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry 5. In this case, the first part 311 and the fourth part 322 of the second gap 3 in this embodiment may be selected as arc-shaped gaps and extended in different directions.

[0066] Accordingly, in Figures 1-4 In all four embodiments, the first gap 2 is specifically a non-closed annular shape, which can be specifically selected as a semi-circular ring, U-shaped, V-shaped, C-shaped, or truncated polygonal ring. Particularly... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the three embodiments shown, the second slit 3 formed on the metal substrate 1 also has an opening, and the opening end of the second slit 3 faces the same direction as the opening end of the first slit 2. Furthermore, in practical applications, depending on specific usage requirements, the opening ends of the second slit 3 and the first slit 2 may face different directions; for example, the opening of the second slit 3 may be positioned opposite to the opening direction of the first slit 2.

[0067] See Figures 6-8As shown, in practical applications, the antenna designed by this utility model can be specifically disposed on the dielectric substrate 6. The dielectric substrate 6 can be specifically selected as a glass substrate, which is a substrate with a high dielectric constant, and its dielectric constant is >6. In some preferred embodiments, the glass component can specifically include a first glass component and a second glass component, and an intermediate layer is provided between the first glass component and the second glass component. The material of the intermediate layer can be specifically selected as PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), which can bond the first glass component and the second glass component together through a lamination process to form a laminated glass, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the glass component, and improving the impact resistance and safety performance of the glass component.

[0068] In practical applications, the aforementioned antenna can be specifically positioned within the black border area of ​​the glass component to avoid affecting the light transmission performance of the transparent area. Furthermore, at least one antenna can be mounted on the glass component; the choice between one or more antennas depends on specific requirements. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the number of antennas installed on a single glass component.

[0069] For example: Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, in practical applications, the dielectric substrate 6 is always selected as a glass substrate. Depending on the specific type of glass used, the antenna has various mounting methods; among them, in Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the glass is laminated glass, meaning that two adjacent dielectric substrates 6 (glass substrates) are bonded and fixed together by an adhesive layer 9. In this case, the metal substrate 1 and the power supply component 8 are disposed on the same side of a dielectric substrate 6, and the metal substrate 1 is connected to the power supply component 8 via its power supply port 4, thereby electrically connecting to the signal source 7. Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the glass is also laminated glass. In this case, the metal substrate 1 and the feeding component 8 can also be coupled by having opposite sides of a dielectric substrate 6, thus establishing an electrical connection between the antenna and the signal source 7. Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the glass can be specifically selected as a single layer of glass, that is, it includes only one dielectric substrate 6. In this case, the metal substrate 1 and the power supply component 8 can be disposed on the same side of the dielectric substrate 6, and the power supply port 4 of the metal substrate 1 is connected to the power supply component 8, thereby electrically connecting to the signal source 7.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the antenna assembly is applied to a vehicle, the vehicles provided in this application include, but are not limited to, sedans, buses, trucks, tractors, special-purpose vehicles, and special vehicles. The antenna assembly can serve as a sunroof, windshield, rear windshield, door window, or corner window of the vehicle. It should be noted that, in this utility model, unless otherwise specified, taking the antenna glass as an example of a vehicle's sunroof, the dielectric substrate 6 is always selected as a glass substrate. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the dielectric substrate 6 can also be a resin substrate or a ceramic substrate, etc.

[0071] The antenna designed in this invention utilizes the first slot 2 to form a high-frequency resonance, and combined with the high dielectric constant of the glass, generates a vertically polarized radiation pattern. Furthermore, because the glass component and the radiating surface are centrally symmetrical, the resulting vertically polarized radiation pattern is a vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna pattern. In addition to this vertically polarized antenna, a second slot 3 is added to form a low-frequency resonance, thereby obtaining a horizontally polarized antenna. This antenna design has the advantage of a low profile, and the polarizations of the two frequency bands are perpendicular to each other, with the radiation pattern coverage area also being essentially perpendicular. It can cover the entire globe with two frequency bands, reducing the number of antennas and saving hardware costs.

[0072] In practical applications, the antenna designed in this invention can be specifically placed on the sunroof to take advantage of the sunroof's height, so that the antenna is less affected by the body panel obstruction and can communicate better with the outside world.

[0073] Meanwhile, the antenna designed in this invention can effectively replace two single-frequency antennas and reduce hardware costs; moreover, the antenna can achieve better performance, with advantages such as low profile, omnidirectional radiation, and dual polarization, which can greatly improve the antenna communication quality.

[0074] Accordingly, the glass antenna and vehicle disclosed in this utility model apply the antenna described above, and they also have the above-mentioned advantages and beneficial effects, and have good prospects for promotion and application value.

[0075] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art; and the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various parts or directions, but these parts or directions are not limited by these terms.

[0076] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent modifications made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: metal substrate; A first gap is formed on the metal substrate, and a first feed point and a second feed point are respectively provided on the two opposite boundaries of the first gap, the first feed point and the second feed point constitute a feed port. The second gap is formed on the metal substrate and communicates with the first gap. The first gap is used at least to generate a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band, and the second gap is used at least to generate a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band; The first frequency band is higher than the second frequency band, and / or the first frequency band is an ultra-wideband frequency band.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gap and the second gap are symmetrically arranged based on the same axis of symmetry, and / or the first feed point and the second feed point are located on the axis of symmetry.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gap is a non-closed ring shape.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gap includes a first slot and a second slot, wherein the first slot, the power supply port, and the second slot are arranged in sequence; The first groove extends in a straight line or a curve, and / or the second groove extends in a straight line or a curve.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first groove and / or the second groove coincides with the first gap.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal substrate is circular, elliptical, or polygonal in shape.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the first slit is half the wavelength of the first frequency band, and / or the length of the second slit is half the wavelength of the second frequency band.

8. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes a dielectric substrate and at least one antenna as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein each of the antennas is disposed on the dielectric substrate.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is single-layer or multi-layer; the antenna assembly further includes a feeding component, which is coupled to or directly connected to the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes the antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 8-9, wherein the dielectric substrate of the antenna assembly is a glass substrate.

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