A four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and its testing device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of micro-tillers, and provides a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof, which includes a first gearbox body and a second gearbox body. The second gearbox body is fixedly installed on one side surface of the first gearbox body. An input shaft is rotatably installed inside the first gearbox body. One end of the input shaft is connected to an engine through a clutch. The engine is fixedly installed on the micro-tiller, and the clutch is installed inside the first gearbox body. Through the engagement of the passive dog clutch and the active dog clutch, the power of the engine can be directly transmitted to the working tool. By setting a clutch paddle, a first return spring, a linkage fork and a shift lever, when working and inputting, after shifting into reverse gear, the shift lever will squeeze the clutch paddle, and the clutch paddle will push the linkage fork to move. The linkage fork drives the passive dog clutch and the active dog clutch to disengage, realizing the automatic disconnection of power during reverse driving, avoiding harm to the personnel behind the micro-tiller, and improving the safety of the micro-tiller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of micro-tillers, and particularly relates to a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agricultural modernization in our country, mechanized farming has gradually replaced manual farming as the main mode of agricultural production. Our country has a vast territory, diverse geographical environments, and relatively little arable land per capita. Therefore, micro-tillers with small size, flexible operation, and low cost have become the preferred agricultural machinery in rural areas of our country.

[0003] In rural areas of China, micro-tillers are becoming more and more widely used and play an increasingly important role in plowing, tilling, and cultivating. Micro-tillers are powered by small diesel engines or gasoline engines and have the characteristics of light weight, small size, and simple structure. Micro-tillers are widely applicable to dry land, paddy fields, orchards, etc. in plains, mountains, and hills. With corresponding tools, they can perform operations such as pumping water, generating electricity, spraying pesticides, and sprinkling, and can also tow trailers for short-distance transportation. Micro-tillers can move freely in the fields, which is convenient for users to use and store, and eliminates the trouble that large agricultural machinery cannot enter mountain fields. It is the best choice for farmers to replace ox plowing.

[0004] For the existing transmission methods of micro-tillers, most of them adopt the method of simultaneously splitting the main power to the traveling system and the working system. For the existing micro-tillers, there is no power cut-off mechanism on the transmission route from the main power to the working system, that is, the tilling tools. When the micro-tiller reverses, the tilling tools are still in the rotating working state, which may cause harm to the personnel behind the micro-tiller and there are safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and a testing device thereof, aiming to solve the technical problem of low safety of the micro-tiller caused by the lack of a power cut-off mechanism on the transmission route from the main power of the micro-tiller to the working system in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is realized as follows: A four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller includes a first gearbox body and a second gearbox body. The second gearbox body is fixedly installed on one side surface of the first gearbox body. Both the first gearbox body and the second gearbox body are installed on the micro-tiller. An input shaft is rotatably installed inside the first gearbox body. One end of the input shaft is connected to the engine through a clutch. The engine is fixedly installed on the micro-tiller. The clutch is installed inside the first gearbox body. A clutch fork is installed on the first gearbox body. The output end of the clutch fork is connected to the input end of the clutch;

[0007] Inside the first transmission housing, a first travel shaft, a second travel shaft, and a third travel shaft are also rotatably installed. The input shaft, the first travel shaft, the second travel shaft, and the third travel shaft are arranged in a diamond shape. At the other end of the input shaft, an input gear is fixedly installed. At one end of the first travel shaft, an input driven gear that always meshes with the input gear is fixedly installed. On the first travel shaft, a travel shift gear is slidably installed via a spline. On the travel shift gear, three gear positions with different diameters are provided. On the third travel shaft, a hollow gear shaft is rotatably installed. On the hollow gear shaft, a first travel gear position gear and a third travel gear position gear are fixedly installed. On the third travel shaft, a second travel gear position gear is also fixedly installed. The first travel gear position gear, the third travel gear position gear, and the second travel gear position gear can respectively mesh with the three gear positions on the travel shift gear to realize the switching of three forward travel gears. The second travel gear position gear always meshes with the gear at one end of the second travel shaft. At the other end of the second travel shaft, a reverse intermediate gear is fixedly installed. The reverse intermediate gear always meshes with the gear at one end of the hollow gear shaft. The reverse intermediate gear can mesh with the gear position with the smallest diameter on the travel shift gear to realize the switching of the reverse travel gear;

[0008] One end of the third travel shaft is drivingly connected to a wheel assembly. The wheel assembly is installed on the first transmission housing. The wheel assembly is used to drive the walking tractor to move forward. The driving force of the engine can be sequentially transmitted to the third travel shaft through the clutch, the input shaft, the input gear, the input driven gear, the first travel shaft, the travel shift gear, the second travel gear position gear (the first travel gear position gear, the third travel gear position gear, or the reverse intermediate gear). The third travel shaft drives the wheel assembly to rotate, and the wheel assembly drives the walking tractor to move forward;

[0009] Inside the second transmission housing, a first auxiliary shaft, a second auxiliary shaft, and a working output gear shaft are rotatably installed. The first auxiliary shaft, the second auxiliary shaft, and the working output gear shaft are arranged in a triangle. At one end of the first auxiliary shaft close to the first transmission housing, a passive jaw coupling is slidably installed via a spline. At one end of the first travel shaft close to the second transmission housing, an active jaw coupling is fixedly installed. The passive jaw coupling and the active jaw coupling can be engaged, so that the power on the first travel shaft can be transmitted to the first auxiliary shaft;

[0010] The gearbox body is also equipped with a travel shift assembly, one output end of which is connected to the travel shift gear, and the other output end of which is limitedly connected to the passive tooth embedding. The travel shift assembly is used to drive the travel shift gear to slide on the travel shaft, so that the travel shift gear can be meshed with the travel first gear gear / the travel third gear gear / the travel second gear gear / the reverse intermediate gear to achieve the switching of different gears. When the travel shift gear is meshed with the reverse intermediate gear, the travel shift assembly can also drive the passive tooth embedding to move, so that the passive tooth embedding and the active tooth embedding are disengaged, the transmission of power from the travel shaft to the auxiliary shaft is disconnected, and the rotation of the auxiliary shaft is suspended, so as to facilitate the reverse of the micro-tiller;

[0011] A shift triplet gear is slidably mounted on the secondary first shaft through a spline, and the shift triplet gear is provided with three gear gears with different diameters, a hollow spline shaft three is rotatably mounted on the working output gear shaft, a working second gear gear, a working third gear gear and a working first gear gear are fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft three, and the working second gear gear, the working third gear gear and the working first gear gear can respectively mesh with the three gear gears on the shift triplet gear, thereby realizing the switching of the three working gears, a transition driving gear is also fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft three, and a hollow spline shaft two is rotatably mounted on the secondary first shaft, A transition passive gear is fixedly mounted on the hollow spline shaft No. 2, and the transition passive gear is always meshed with the transition active gear. A reversing active gear is also slidably mounted on the hollow spline shaft No. 2 through a spline. A reverse rotation intermediate gear is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary shaft No. 2, and the reverse rotation intermediate gear can mesh with the reversing active gear to achieve reverse rotation of the working tool. A working reverse rotation passive gear and a working forward rotation passive gear are also fixedly mounted on the working output gear shaft, and the working reverse rotation passive gear is always meshed with the reverse rotation intermediate gear, and the working forward rotation passive gear can mesh with the reversing active gear to achieve forward rotation of the working tool.

[0012] The gearbox body is also fixedly mounted with a working shift fork shaft, on which a shift fork and a reversing fork are slidably mounted, the shift fork is limitedly connected to the shift triple gear, the shift fork can drive the shift triple gear to slide linearly synchronously, the reversing fork is limitedly connected to the reversing driving gear, the reversing fork can drive the reversing driving gear to slide linearly synchronously, a shift rocker arm and a reversing rocker arm are rotatably mounted on the gearbox body, one end of the shift rocker arm is rotatably mounted with the shift fork, one end of the reversing rocker arm is rotatably mounted with the reversing fork, and both the shift fork and the reversing rocker arm are eccentric rocker structures;

[0013] A tool assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the gearbox body 2, and the input end of the tool assembly is transmission-connected with one end of the working output gear shaft, and the tool assembly is used for cultivating the land.

[0014] Further technical solution: The walking assembly includes a walking four-axis rotatably installed on the first gearbox body. An output bevel gear and a walking reversing drive gear are fixedly installed on the walking four-axis. The output bevel gear and the bevel gear at one end of the walking three-axis are always meshed. A walking gear five-axis is also rotatably installed on the first gearbox body. A walking reversing driven gear is fixedly installed on the walking gear five-axis. The walking reversing driven gear and the walking reversing drive gear are always meshed;

[0015] A walking box body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first gearbox body. A walking six-axis is rotatably installed on the walking box body. A walking secondary driven gear is installed on the walking six-axis with a clearance. The walking secondary driven gear and the walking six-axis can slide and rotate relative to each other. The walking secondary driven gear and the gear on the walking gear five-axis are always meshed. Two end drive pinions are slidably installed on the walking six-axis. Internal teeth are provided on both end faces of the walking secondary driven gear. The end drive pinions can be meshed and connected with the internal teeth. A second return spring is arranged between the end drive pinions and the walking box body. Two drive shafts are also rotatably installed on the walking box body. The two drive shafts are rotatably installed through a support shaft. End driven big gears are fixedly installed on both drive shafts. The two end driven big gears are always meshed with the two end drive pinions respectively. Walking wheels are fixedly installed at one end of both drive shafts extending out of the walking box body;

[0016] For the convenience of turning, two walking differential forks are rotatably installed on the walking box body. The output ends of the two walking differential forks are respectively connected with one end of the two end drive pinions in a limiting manner. A rocker arm rod is fixedly connected to one end of the walking differential fork extending out of the walking box body.

[0017] Further technical solution: The walking shift assembly includes a walking fork shaft fixedly installed on the first gearbox body. A walking fork is slidably installed on the walking fork shaft. One end of the walking fork is connected with the walking shift gear in a limiting manner. The other end of the walking fork is connected with a shift handle;

[0018] The walking shift assembly further includes a linkage fork slidably installed on the first gearbox body. One end of the linkage fork is connected with the passive jaw in a limiting manner. A clutch flap is connected to one end of the linkage fork extending out of the first gearbox body. A first return spring is connected between the clutch flap and the first gearbox body. And one end of the shift handle is connected with the clutch flap.

[0019] Further technical solution: the tool assembly includes a knife shaft box body fixedly mounted on one side of the gearbox body 2, a working terminal gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body, a working passive gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the working terminal gear shaft close to the gearbox body 2, the working passive gear is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working output gear shaft, a working knife shaft is rotatably mounted on the knife shaft box body, a terminal large gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the working knife shaft located inside the knife shaft box body, the terminal large gear is always meshed with the bevel gear on the working terminal gear shaft, and both ends of the working knife shaft extending out of the knife shaft box body are fixedly mounted with working tools;

[0020] Of course, the working tool can also be replaced with other working tools. In order to facilitate the replacement of the working tool and the working tool shaft, an inspection port is opened on the side of the tool shaft box, and a working box cover is fixedly installed on the side of the tool shaft box, and the working box cover seals the inspection port.

[0021] A testing device for a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine comprises a base plate, a cross frame is fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, a first telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the cross frame, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod, the mounting plate is used to install the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine, a soil box is also installed on the base plate, soil is contained in the soil box, after the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, the working tool on the gearbox is extended into the soil in the soil box, so as to simulate the state of the working tool when working, in order to prevent the soil from being thrown to the outside of the soil box by the working tool, a semi-enclosing frame is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the soil box away from the mounting plate, a wheel load mechanism is also arranged on the base plate, the wheel load mechanism is arranged on the side of the cross frame away from the soil box, after the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, the traveling wheel on the gearbox is contacted with the wheel load mechanism, the wheel load mechanism is used to provide a load force to the traveling wheel, so as to simulate the state of the wheel load mechanism when walking;

[0022] The base plate is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate, and a working gear shift detection component, a reversing detection component and a traveling gear shift detection component are also installed on the vertical plate. The output end of the reversing detection component is connected to the reversing rocker arm, and the reversing detection component is used to test the reversing gear position. The output end of the working gear shift detection component is connected to the shift rocker arm, and the working gear shift detection component is used to test the working speed gear position. The output end of the traveling gear shift detection component is connected to the shift handle, and the traveling gear shift detection component is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

[0023] Further technical solution: The wheel load mechanism includes a fixed seat fixedly connected to the soil placement box. Two transmission rollers are rotatably installed on the fixed seat. A transmission belt is drivingly connected between the two transmission rollers. The transmission belt is made of a non-slip and wear-resistant material. A support plate is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat. The surface of the support plate contacts the inner top of the transmission belt, thereby providing a supporting force for the walking wheels;

[0024] To prevent soil from entering the inside of the fixed seat, end baffles are provided at both ends of the fixed seat. One end of the end baffle contacts the surface of the transmission belt;

[0025] The wheel load mechanism further includes a braking mechanism. The braking mechanism is installed on the bottom plate. One end of the braking mechanism is connected to one end of a transmission roller. The braking mechanism is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller. The transmission roller can transfer this resistance to the walking wheels through the transmission belt, thereby increasing the load on the walking wheels and simulating the state of the gearbox walking, making the test results more accurate.

[0026] Further technical solution: The braking mechanism includes a brake wheel and an installation box. The brake wheel is fixedly connected to one end of a transmission roller. The installation box is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. A brake block and a push block are slidably connected inside the installation box. A first compression spring is connected between the brake block and the push block. One end of the brake block contacts the brake wheel. A submission screw is rotatably installed on the side of the push block facing away from the brake block. The submission screw is threadedly connected to the installation box.

[0027] Further technical solution: The working shift detection component includes a second telescopic rod fixedly installed on the vertical plate. The movable end of the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a fixing plate. A servo motor is fixedly installed on the fixing plate. A torque sensor is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor. The output end of the torque sensor is fixedly connected to a connection end. The connection end can be connected to one end of the shift rocker arm.

[0028] Further technical solution: The walking shift detection component includes a chute opened on the vertical plate. A slider is slidably connected inside the chute. A third telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the slider. The movable end of the third telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a fixing block. Two handle baffles are fixedly connected to the fixing block. Pressure sensors are provided on the opposite sides of the two handle baffles. A fourth telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the vertical plate. The movable end of the fourth telescopic rod is connected to the side of the slider.

[0029] Further technical solution: In order to facilitate restoring the soil in the soil placement box to its original state for the next test, in this embodiment, a soil filling mechanism is further provided. The soil filling mechanism includes two guiding telescopic plates, which are respectively slidably connected to two sides of the semi-surrounding frame close to the mounting plate. A tension spring is connected between the guiding telescopic plate and the semi-surrounding frame. Activity slots are opened at corresponding positions on the side of the semi-surrounding frame and the guiding telescopic plate, and a soil pushing roller is slidably connected between the two activity slots;

[0030] A lead screw is rotatably installed on the soil placement box. A driving block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The driving block is slidably connected to the soil placement box. One end of the driving block is rotatably connected to one end of the soil pushing roller. A first motor is fixedly installed on the soil placement box, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw;

[0031] In order to enable the soil pushing roller to compact the soil, the soil filling mechanism further includes a driving gear, which is fixedly connected to one end of the soil pushing roller. A rack is fixedly connected to the soil placement box, and the driving gear meshes with the rack.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. In the present invention, through the engagement of the passive dog clutch and the active dog clutch, the power of the engine can be directly transmitted to the working tool. By setting the clutch lever, the first return spring, the linkage fork and the shift handle, when the reverse gear is engaged during the work input, the shift handle will squeeze the clutch lever, and the clutch lever will push the linkage fork to move. The linkage fork drives the passive dog clutch and the active dog clutch to disengage, realizing the automatic disconnection of power during reverse driving, avoiding harm to the personnel behind the micro-tiller, and improving the safety of the micro-tiller;

[0034] 2. In the present invention, through the direct connection of the engine and the gearbox and the arrangement of the clutch between the engine and the input shaft, the combination and disconnection of power are realized. When walking, 3 forward gears + 1 reverse gear are realized through the walking shift gears, making it more flexible to use;

[0035] 3. By setting the rocker arm, the walking secondary driven gear, the end active pinion and the second return spring, the present invention is provided with a differential structure in the end secondary transmission mechanism. When steering, the rocker arm drives the end active pinion to disengage from the walking secondary driven gear, and the power connection on this side can be disconnected, thereby realizing driving and steering;

[0036] 4. By setting up a shift fork, a shift rocker arm, and a triple shift gear, the switching among three working gears can be achieved during operation. By setting up a reversing fork, a reversing driving gear, and a reversing rocker arm, the forward and reverse rotations of the working tool can be switched. After the combination of these two mechanisms, three forward low-speed rotary tillage operation gears + three reverse high-speed ditching operation gears can be achieved, making the operation more flexible and allowing different gears to be used according to different environments.

[0037] 5. In the test device of the present invention, by setting up a soil placement box to load the working tool, the working tool is extended into the soil in the soil placement box to simulate the state of the working tool during operation. By the wheel loading mechanism, a loading force is provided to the traveling wheels to simulate the state of the wheel loading mechanism during walking, so that the entire working state of the micro-tiller can be simulated, and the test results in this state are more accurate.

[0038] 6. In the present invention, after the gearbox test is completed, the soil can be quickly pushed back to its original position and compacted by the soil filling mechanism for subsequent tests, eliminating the need for manual soil filling, reducing the workload of the staff, and making it more convenient to use. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a front view expanded cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a front view partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a side view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a side view partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the test device of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the test device of the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 In the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at position A.

[0046] Figure 8 In the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at position B.

[0047] Figure 9 In the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram at position C.

[0048] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the test device for the four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tiller during the soil filling operation in the present invention.

[0049] In the attached drawings: 1. Engine; 2. Clutch; 3. Input shaft; 4. Clutch fork; 5. Input driven gear; 6. Input gear; 7. Travel fork shaft; 8. Travel fork; 9. Shift lever; 10. Travel first shaft; 11. Travel shift gear; 12. Clutch paddle; 13. Return spring one; 14. Active spline; 15. Linkage fork; 16. Passive spline; 17. Shift fork; 18. Shift rocker arm; 19. Shift triple gear; 20. Intermediate driven gear; 21. Reversing fork; 22. Reversing drive gear; 23. Working fork shaft; 24. Gearbox body two; 25. Hollow spline shaft two; 26. First auxiliary shaft; 27. Counter-rotating intermediate gear; 28. Second auxiliary shaft; 29. Working counter-rotating driven gear; 30. Working output gear shaft; 31. Working driven gear; 32. Cutter shaft housing; 33. Working end gear shaft; 34. End large gear; 35. Working housing gland; 36. Working cutter shaft; 37. Working tool; 38. Working forward-rotating driven gear; 39. Intermediate drive gear; 40. Hollow spline shaft three; 41. Working second gear; 42. Working third gear; 43. Working first gear; 44. Reverse intermediate gear; 45. Gearbox body one; 46. Travel third shaft; 47. Hollow gear shaft; 48. Travel first gear; 49. Travel third gear; 50. Travel second gear; 51. Travel differential fork; 52. Travel housing; 53. Rocker arm rod; 54. Travel second shaft; 55. Output bevel gear; 56. Travel fourth shaft; 57. Travel reversing drive gear; 58. Travel fifth gear shaft; 59. Travel reversing driven gear; 60. Travel second-stage driven gear; 61. End drive pinion; 62. Return spring two; 63. Travel sixth shaft; 64. End driven large gear; 65. Support shaft; 66. Drive shaft; 67. Travel wheel; 68. Reversing rocker arm;

[0050] 71. Bottom plate; 72. Soil placement box; 73. Horizontal frame; 74. First telescopic rod; 75. Mounting plate; 76. Wheel load mechanism; 761. Support plate; 762. Transmission belt; 763. End stop; 764. Transmission roller; 765. Fixed seat; 77. Brake mechanism; 771. Brake wheel; 772. Brake block; 773. First compression spring; 774. Installation box; 775. Push block; 776. Submission screw; 78. Vertical plate; 79. Soil filling mechanism; 791. Earth-moving roller; 792. First motor; 793. Driving gear; 794. Driving block; 795. Rack; 796. Activity seam; 797. Tension spring; 798. Lead screw; 799. Guide telescopic plate; 80. Semi-surrounding frame; 81. Working shift detection component; 811. Connection end; 812. Torque sensor; 813. Servo motor; 814. Fixed plate; 815. Second telescopic rod; 82. Travel shift detection component; 821. Pressure sensor; 822. Handle baffle; 823. Slide block; 824. Third telescopic rod; 825. Fixed block; 826. Chute; 827. Fourth telescopic rod; 83. Reversing detection component. Detailed implementation mode

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0052] The following describes the specific implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller provided by the present invention includes a gearbox body 1 45 and a gearbox body 2 24. The gearbox body 2 24 is fixedly installed on one side surface of the gearbox body 1 45. Both the gearbox body 1 45 and the gearbox body 2 24 are installed on the micro-tiller. An input shaft 3 is rotatably installed inside the gearbox body 1 45. One end of the input shaft 3 is connected to an engine 1 through a clutch 2. The engine 1 is fixedly installed on the micro-tiller. The clutch 2 is installed inside the gearbox body 1 45. A clutch fork 4 is installed on the gearbox body 1 45. The output end of the clutch fork 4 is connected to the input end of the clutch 2;

[0055] Inside the transmission housing 1 - 45, a first drive shaft 10, a second drive shaft 54, and a third drive shaft 46 are also rotatably installed. The input shaft 3, the first drive shaft 10, the second drive shaft 54, and the third drive shaft 46 are arranged in a diamond shape. At the other end of the input shaft 3, an input gear 6 is fixedly installed. At one end of the first drive shaft 10, an input driven gear 5 that is always meshed with the input gear 6 is fixedly installed. On the first drive shaft 10, a travel shift gear 11 is slidably installed via a spline. On the travel shift gear 11, there are three gear wheels with different diameters. On the third drive shaft 46, a hollow gear shaft 47 is rotatably installed. On the hollow gear shaft 47, a first - gear travel gear 48 and a third - gear travel gear 49 are fixedly installed. On the third drive shaft 46, a second - gear travel gear 50 is also fixedly installed. The first - gear travel gear 48, the third - gear travel gear 49, and the second - gear travel gear 50 can respectively mesh with the three gear wheels on the travel shift gear 11 to achieve the switching of three forward travel gears. The second - gear travel gear 50 is always meshed with the gear at one end of the second drive shaft 54. At the other end of the second drive shaft 54, a reverse intermediate gear 44 is fixedly installed. The reverse intermediate gear 44 is always meshed with the gear at one end of the hollow gear shaft 47. The reverse intermediate gear 44 can mesh with the gear wheel with the smallest diameter on the travel shift gear 11 to achieve the switching of the reverse travel gear;

[0056] One end of the third drive shaft 46 is drivingly connected to a wheel assembly. The wheel assembly is installed on the transmission housing 1 - 45. The wheel assembly is used to drive the walking of the micro - tiller. The driving force of the engine 1 can be sequentially transmitted to the third drive shaft 46 through the clutch 2, the input shaft 3, the input gear 6, the input driven gear 5, the first drive shaft 10, the travel shift gear 11, the second - gear travel gear 50 (the first - gear travel gear 48, the third - gear travel gear 49, or the reverse intermediate gear 44). The third drive shaft 46 drives the wheel assembly to rotate, and the wheel assembly drives the micro - tiller to move forward;

[0057] Inside the second transmission housing 24, a first auxiliary shaft 26, a second auxiliary shaft 28, and a working output gear shaft 30 are rotatably installed. The first auxiliary shaft 26, the second auxiliary shaft 28, and the working output gear shaft 30 are arranged in a triangle. At one end of the first auxiliary shaft 26 close to the first transmission housing 45, a passive jaw coupling 16 is slidably installed via a spline. At one end of the first drive shaft 10 close to the second transmission housing 24, an active jaw coupling 14 is fixedly installed. The passive jaw coupling 16 and the active jaw coupling 14 can be engaged, so that the power on the first drive shaft 10 can be transmitted to the first auxiliary shaft 26;

[0058] A travel shift assembly is also installed on the transmission housing 45. One output end of the travel shift assembly is connected to the travel shift gear 11, and the other output end is connected to the passive dog clutch 16 in a limiting manner. The travel shift assembly is used to drive the travel shift gear 11 to slide on the travel first shaft 10, so that the travel shift gear 11 can mesh with the travel first gear 48 / travel third gear 49 / travel second gear 50 / reverse intermediate gear 44, realizing the switching of different gears. When the travel shift gear 11 meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 44, the travel shift assembly can also drive the passive dog clutch 16 to move, so that the passive dog clutch 16 and the active dog clutch 14 are disengaged, disconnecting the power transmission from the travel first shaft 10 to the first auxiliary shaft 26 and pausing the rotation of the first auxiliary shaft 26, thus facilitating the reverse of the micro-tiller;

[0059] A shift triple gear 19 is slidably installed on the first auxiliary shaft 26 through splines. Three gear wheels with different diameters are provided on the shift triple gear 19. A hollow spline shaft three 40 is rotatably installed on the working output gear shaft 30. A working second gear 41, a working third gear 42 and a working first gear 43 are fixedly installed on the hollow spline shaft three 40. The working second gear 41, the working third gear 42 and the working first gear 43 can respectively mesh with the three gear wheels on the shift triple gear 19, thereby realizing the switching of three working gears. A transition drive gear 39 is also fixedly installed on the hollow spline shaft three 40. A hollow spline shaft two 25 is rotatably installed on the first auxiliary shaft 26. A transition driven gear 20 is fixedly installed on the hollow spline shaft two 25. The transition driven gear 20 and the transition drive gear 39 are always meshed. A reversing drive gear 22 is also slidably installed on the hollow spline shaft two 25 through splines. A reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 is fixedly installed on the second auxiliary shaft 28. The reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 can mesh with the reversing drive gear 22 to realize the reverse rotation of the working tool. A working reverse rotation driven gear 29 and a working forward rotation driven gear 38 are also fixedly installed on the working output gear shaft 30. The working reverse rotation driven gear 29 is always meshed with the reverse rotation intermediate gear 27. The working forward rotation driven gear 38 can mesh with the reversing drive gear 22 to realize the forward rotation of the working tool;

[0060] A working shift fork shaft 23 is also fixedly installed on the first transmission housing 45. A shifting fork 17 and a reversing fork 21 are slidably installed on the working shift fork shaft 23. The shifting fork 17 is limit-connected to the shifting triple gear 19, and the shifting fork 17 can drive the shifting triple gear 19 to linearly slide synchronously. The reversing fork 21 is limit-connected to the reversing driving gear 22, and the reversing fork 21 can drive the reversing driving gear 22 to linearly slide synchronously. A shifting rocker arm 18 and a reversing rocker arm 68 are rotatably installed on the first transmission housing 45. One end of the shifting rocker arm 18 is rotatably installed with the shifting fork 17, and one end of the reversing rocker arm 68 is rotatably installed with the reversing fork 21. Both the shifting fork 17 and the reversing rocker arm 68 are eccentric rocker structures;

[0061] A tool assembly is fixedly installed on the side of the second transmission housing 24. The input end of the tool assembly is drivingly connected to one end of the working output gear shaft 30. The tool assembly is used for tilling the land.

[0062] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a four-wheel drive transmission for a micro-tiller and its testing device provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the traveling assembly includes a traveling four-axis 56 rotatably installed on the first transmission housing 45. An output bevel gear 55 and a traveling reversing driving gear 57 are fixedly installed on the traveling four-axis 56. The output bevel gear 55 and the bevel gear at one end of the traveling three-axis 46 are always meshed. A traveling gear five-axis 58 is also rotatably installed on the first transmission housing 45. A traveling reversing driven gear 59 is fixedly installed on the traveling gear five-axis 58. The traveling reversing driven gear 59 and the traveling reversing driving gear 57 are always meshed;

[0063] A traveling housing 52 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first transmission housing 45. A traveling six-axis 63 is rotatably installed on the traveling housing 52. A traveling secondary driven gear 60 is installed on the traveling six-axis 63 with a gap. The traveling secondary driven gear 60 and the traveling six-axis 63 can relatively slide and rotate. The traveling secondary driven gear 60 and the gear on the traveling gear five-axis 58 are always meshed. Two end driving pinions 61 are slidably installed on the traveling six-axis 63. Internal teeth are provided on both end faces of the traveling secondary driven gear 60. The end driving pinions 61 can be meshed and connected with the internal teeth. A second return spring 62 is provided between the end driving pinions 61 and the traveling housing 52. Two drive shafts 66 are also rotatably installed on the traveling housing 52. The two drive shafts 66 are rotatably installed through a support shaft 65. End driven large gears 64 are fixedly installed on both the two drive shafts 66. The two end driven large gears 64 are respectively always meshed with the two end driving pinions 61. Traveling wheels 67 are fixedly installed at one end of both the two drive shafts 66 extending out of the traveling housing 52;

[0064] For the convenience of turning, two traveling differential forks 51 are rotatably installed on the traveling box body 52. The output ends of the two traveling differential forks 51 are respectively and limit-connected to one end of two end drive pinions 61. One end of the traveling differential fork 51 extending out of the traveling box body 52 is fixedly connected to a rocker arm 53.

[0065] In front of the traveling three-axis 46, multiple groups of gears are meshed by sliding to achieve three forward speeds and one reverse speed of the input shaft. Then, its transmission route is: traveling three-axis 46 - output secondary bevel gear 55 - traveling four-axis 56 - traveling reversing drive gear 57 - traveling reversing driven gear 59 - traveling gear five-axis 58 - traveling secondary driven gear 60. The two end faces of the traveling secondary driven gear 60 have internal teeth, and the internal teeth are meshed with the end drive pinions 61 to transmit power. traveling secondary driven gear 60 - end drive pinion 61 - end driven large gear 64 - drive shaft 66 - traveling wheel 67 to achieve traveling.

[0066] There are two reset springs two 62 on both sides of the end drive pinion 61. The reset springs two 62 push the end drive pinion 61 inward to make the end drive pinion 61 engage with the internal teeth on the two end faces of the traveling secondary driven gear 60. During forward operation, the internal teeth are constantly meshed. When turning, the rocker arm 53 on one side can be controlled to rotate. The rocker arm 53 drives the traveling differential fork 51 to rotate. The traveling differential fork 51 pushes the end drive pinion 61 on one side to move outward, so that the end drive pinion 61 disengages from the internal teeth of the traveling secondary driven gear 60. After the transmission of the end drive pinion 61 on one side is disconnected, the end drive pinion 61 on the other side continues to transmit power to achieve steering.

[0067] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and its testing device provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the traveling shifting component includes a traveling fork shaft 7 fixedly installed on the gearbox body one 45. A traveling fork 8 is slidably installed on the traveling fork shaft 7. One end of the traveling fork 8 is limit-connected to a traveling shifting gear 11. The other end of the traveling fork 8 is connected to a shifting handle 9;

[0068] The traveling shifting component further includes a linkage fork 15 slidably installed on the gearbox body one 45. One end of the linkage fork 15 is limit-connected to a passive dog clutch 16. One end of the linkage fork 15 extending out of the gearbox body one 45 is connected to a clutch flap 12. A reset spring one 13 is connected between the clutch flap 12 and the gearbox body one 45, and one end of the shifting handle 9 is connected to the clutch flap 12.

[0069] When the shift lever 9 drives the travel shift fork 8 and the travel shift gear 11 to switch to reverse gear, the shift lever 9 also drives the clutch paddle 12 and the linkage shift fork 15 to move. The linkage shift fork 15 drives the passive dog clutch 16 and the active dog clutch 14 to disengage, disconnecting the connection between the secondary first shaft 26 and the travel first shaft 10. When the shift lever 9 drives the travel shift gear 11 to switch to forward gear, the shift lever 9 releases the pressing force on the clutch paddle 12, and the first return spring 13 pushes the clutch paddle 12 and the linkage shift fork 15 back to their original positions. The linkage shift fork 15 drives the passive dog clutch 16 to engage with the active dog clutch 14 again.

[0070] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tiller and its testing device provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, the tool assembly includes a cutter shaft housing 32 fixedly installed on one side of the gearbox body two 24. A working end gear shaft 33 is rotatably installed on the cutter shaft housing 32. A working driven gear 31 is fixedly installed at one end of the working end gear shaft 33 close to the gearbox body two 24. The working driven gear 31 and the bevel gear on the working output gear shaft 30 are always meshed. A working cutter shaft 36 is rotatably installed on the cutter shaft housing 32. A terminal large gear 34 is fixedly installed at one end of the working cutter shaft 36 located inside the cutter shaft housing 32. The terminal large gear 34 and the bevel gear on the working end gear shaft 33 are always meshed. Operating tools 37 are fixedly installed at both ends of the working cutter shaft 36 extending out of the cutter shaft housing 32.

[0071] Of course, the operating tools 37 can also be replaced with other operating implements. To facilitate the replacement of the operating tools 37 and the working cutter shaft 36, a maintenance opening is provided on the side of the cutter shaft housing 32, and a working housing cover 35 is fixedly installed on the side of the cutter shaft housing 32. The working housing cover 35 seals the maintenance opening.

[0072] Working principle:

[0073] I. Travel part:

[0074] (1) Forward transmission: The power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the input shaft 3 through the clutch 2. The input gear 6 and the input driven gear 5 are meshed, so that the power on the input shaft 3 is transmitted to the travel first shaft 10. The travel shift gear 11 slides on the travel first shaft 10 and meshes with the travel first gear 48 and the travel third gear 49 on the travel third shaft 46 respectively. Since the hollow gear shaft 47 and the reverse intermediate gear 44 are always meshed, and the travel second shaft 54 and the travel second gear 50 are always meshed, the travel second gear 50 transmits the power to the travel third shaft 46, realizing the speed output of the first and third forward gears.

[0075] The traveling shift gear 11 meshes with the traveling second gear 50, and can directly transmit power to the traveling third shaft 46 to achieve the output of the forward second gear speed. Among them, the diameter of the traveling first gear 48 is greater than that of the traveling second gear 50 which is greater than that of the traveling third gear 49;

[0076] Forward first gear transmission route: Engine 1 - Clutch 2 - Input shaft 3 - Input gear 6 - Input driven gear 5 - Traveling first shaft 10 - Traveling shift gear 11 - Traveling first gear 48 - Hollow gear shaft 47 - Reverse intermediate gear 44 - Traveling second shaft 54 - Traveling second gear 50 - Traveling third shaft 46 - Output secondary bevel gear 55 - Traveling fourth shaft 56 - Traveling reversing drive gear 57 - Traveling reversing driven gear 59 - Traveling gear fifth shaft 58 - Traveling secondary driven gear 60 - End drive pinion 61 - End driven gear 64 - Drive shaft 66 - Traveling wheel 67;

[0077] Forward third gear transmission route: Engine 1 - Clutch 2 - Input shaft 3 - Input gear 6 - Input driven gear 5 - Traveling first shaft 10 - Traveling shift gear 11 - Traveling third gear 49 - Hollow gear shaft 47 - Reverse intermediate gear 44 - Traveling second shaft 54 - Traveling second gear 50 - Traveling third shaft 46 - Output secondary bevel gear 55 - Traveling fourth shaft 56 - Traveling reversing drive gear 57 - Traveling reversing driven gear 59 - Traveling gear fifth shaft 58 - Traveling secondary driven gear 60 - End drive pinion 61 - End driven gear 64 - Drive shaft 66 - Traveling wheel 67;

[0078] Forward second gear transmission route: Engine 1 - Clutch 2 - Input shaft 3 - Input gear 6 - Input driven gear 5 - Traveling first shaft 10 - Traveling shift gear 11 - Traveling second gear 50 - Traveling third shaft 46 - Output secondary bevel gear 55 - Traveling fourth shaft 56 - Traveling reversing drive gear 57 - Traveling reversing driven gear 59 - Traveling gear fifth shaft 58 - Traveling secondary driven gear 60 - End drive pinion 61 - End driven gear 64 - Drive shaft 66 - Traveling wheel 67.

[0079] Reverse transmission: Pull the shift lever 9, the shift lever 9 drives the traveling fork 8 and the traveling shift gear 11, so that the traveling shift gear 11 meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 44 to achieve the output of the reverse speed;

[0080] The reverse transmission route is as follows: engine 1 - clutch 2 - input shaft 3 - input gear 6 - input driven gear 5 - first travel shaft 10 - travel shift gear 11 - reverse intermediate gear 44 - second travel shaft 54 - second travel gear 50 - third travel shaft 46 - output secondary bevel gear 55 - fourth travel shaft 56 - travel reversing drive gear 57 - travel reversing driven gear 59 - fifth travel gear shaft 58 - second-stage travel driven gear 60 - end drive pinion 61 - end driven gear 64 - drive shaft 66 - travel wheel 67.

[0081] II. Working part: three low-speed front rotations + three high-speed rear rotations

[0082] Working gear positions;

[0083] (1) Transmission route for speed change and reverse output: first travel shaft 10 - driving jaw clutch 14 - driven jaw clutch 16. The shift triple gear 19 can be engaged with the first working gear 43, the second working gear 41, and the third working gear 42 on the working output gear shaft 30 respectively, so as to realize the output of the rotational speeds of three working gear positions. The reversing rocker arm 68 drives the reversing fork 21 to move, and the reversing fork 21 drives the reversing drive gear 22 to engage with the forward rotation driven gear 38, realizing the forward rotation output;

[0084] Transmission route for forward rotation output of three working gear positions: first travel shaft 10 - driving jaw clutch 14 - driven jaw clutch 16 - first secondary shaft 26 - shift triple gear 19 - second working gear 41 (third working gear 42, first working gear 43) - third hollow spline shaft 40 - intermediate drive gear 39 - intermediate driven gear 20 - second hollow spline shaft 25 - reversing drive gear 22 - forward rotation driven gear 38 - working output gear shaft 30 - working driven gear 31 - working end gear shaft 33 - end gear 34 - working tool shaft 36 - working tool 37;

[0085] The reversing drive gear 22 engages with the reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 to realize the reverse rotation output:

[0086] Transmission route for reverse rotation output of three working gear positions: first travel shaft 10 - driving jaw clutch 14 - driven jaw clutch 16 - first secondary shaft 26 - shift triple gear 19 - second working gear 41 (third working gear 42, first working gear 43) - third hollow spline shaft 40 - intermediate drive gear 39 - intermediate driven gear 20 - second hollow spline shaft 25 - reversing drive gear 22 - reverse rotation intermediate gear 27 - reverse rotation driven gear 29 - working output gear shaft 30 - working driven gear 31 - working end gear shaft 33 - end gear 34 - working tool shaft 36 - working tool 37;

[0087] (2) Protection device for disconnecting the transmission of the working components during reverse

[0088] When reverse is needed, if the working components are still in the working state, the rotating cutter is likely to cause harm to the operating personnel who have not retreated synchronously. Therefore, the present invention adds a safety protection mechanism for the working components to stop rotating during reverse.

[0089] Push the shift lever 9, and the shift lever 9 drives the traveling shift gear 11 to slide. The traveling shift gear 11 meshes with the reverse intermediate gear 44 to achieve the output of the reverse rotation speed.

[0090] At the same time, the shift lever 9 pushes the clutch paddle 12 to compress the first return spring 13. The clutch paddle 12 drives the linkage shift fork 15 to move to the left. The linkage shift fork 15 pushes the passive jaw 16 to disengage from the active jaw 14, and at this time, the power is disconnected.

[0091] After the reverse is completed, move the shift lever 9 to engage the forward gear. The upper push rod on the shift lever 9 disengages from the clutch paddle 12. The first return spring 13 pushes the linkage shift fork 15 to move to the right. The passive jaw 16 engages with the active jaw 14, and at this time, the operation of the working components resumes.

[0092] 1) In the present invention, through the direct connection of the engine 1 and the gearbox, with the clutch 2 arranged in the middle, the combination and disconnection of power are achieved.

[0093] 2) Traveling part: It realizes 3 forward gears + 1 reverse gear. A differential structure is arranged in the final two-stage transmission mechanism, which can achieve driving and steering.

[0094] 3) Working part: It realizes 3 forward low-speed rotary tillage operation gears + 3 reverse high-speed ditching operation gears. And when the work is input, a jaw safety protection device is set to achieve the disconnection of power during reverse.

[0095] Embodiment 2

[0096] The shift mechanism is the core part of the mechanical gearbox. Whether the installation and adjustment of the gearbox shift mechanism are reasonable directly affects the portability and reliability during the use of the whole machine, and is also of great significance for improving the smoothness of the vehicle.

[0097] For the existing selection and shifting test of the micro-tiller gearbox, the process is as follows: Fix the gearbox, suspend its traveling wheels 67 and working cutters 37, and then start the engine 1. The operator manually moves the shift lever 9, the shift rocker arm 18, and the reversing rocker arm 68 to conduct the selection and shifting test of the gearbox.

[0098] Due to the particularity of the micro-tiller's work, when it is working, its output shaft usually receives a large resistance. The working state of the micro-tiller is very different from its no-load state, which leads to inaccurate test results for its shifting force, selection force, etc.

[0099] Such as Figure 1 and Figures 5 - 10As shown, the present invention provides a test device for a four-wheel drive gearbox of a micro-tillage machine, including a bottom plate 71, a cross frame 73 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 71, a first telescopic rod 74 is fixedly installed on the cross frame 73, a mounting plate 75 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first telescopic rod 74, and the mounting plate 75 is used to install the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tillage machine. A soil box 72 is also installed on the bottom plate 71, and soil is contained in the soil box 72. After the gearbox is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 75, the working tool 37 on the gearbox is extended into the soil in the soil box 72 to simulate the operation. The working state of the working cutter 37 is that in order to prevent the soil from being thrown to the outside of the soil box 72 by the working cutter 37, a semi-enclosing frame 80 is fixedly connected to the top end of the soil box 72 away from the mounting plate 75, and a wheel load mechanism 76 is also provided on the bottom plate 71. The wheel load mechanism 76 is arranged on the side of the cross frame 73 away from the soil box 72. After the gearbox is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 75, the running wheel 67 on the gearbox is brought into contact with the wheel load mechanism 76. The wheel load mechanism 76 is used to provide a load force to the running wheel 67, so as to simulate the state of the wheel load mechanism 76 when walking;

[0100] The bottom plate 71 is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate 78, and a working gear shift detection component 81, a reversing detection component 83 and a traveling gear shift detection component 82 are also installed on the vertical plate 78. The output end of the reversing detection component 83 is connected to the reversing rocker arm 68, and the reversing detection component 83 is used to test the reversing gear position. The output end of the working gear shift detection component 81 is connected to the shift rocker arm 18, and the working gear shift detection component 81 is used to test the working speed gear position. The output end of the traveling gear shift detection component 82 is connected to the shift handle 9, and the traveling gear shift detection component 82 is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

[0101] like Figure 1 , Figures 5 - 6 and Figure 9 As shown, a four-wheel drive gearbox for a micro-tillage machine and a test device thereof provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the wheel load mechanism 76 includes a fixed seat 765 fixedly connected to the soil box 72, two transmission rollers 764 are rotatably mounted on the fixed seat 765, a transmission belt 762 is transmission-connected between the two transmission rollers 764, the transmission belt 762 is made of anti-skid and wear-resistant material, a support plate 761 is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat 765, the surface of the support plate 761 is in contact with the inner top of the transmission belt 762, thereby giving support force to the walking wheel 67;

[0102] In order to prevent mud from entering the interior of the fixing seat 765, end retaining shoes 763 are provided at both ends of the fixing seat 765, and one end of the end retaining shoe 763 contacts the surface of the transmission belt 762;

[0103] The wheel load mechanism 76 further includes a braking mechanism 77. The braking mechanism 77 is installed on the bottom plate 71. One end of the braking mechanism 77 is connected to one end of a transmission roller 764. The braking mechanism 77 is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller 764. The transmission roller 764 can transmit this resistance to the traveling wheel 67 through the transmission belt 762, thereby increasing the load on the traveling wheel 67, simulating the state of the gearbox during walking, and making the test results more accurate.

[0104] As Figure 1 、 Figures 5 - 6 and Figure 9 As shown in

[0105] When the lifting screw 776 is rotated, the lifting screw 776 can drive the push block 775 to move. The push block 775 can squeeze the first compression spring 773. The first compression spring 773 provides an elastic force to the brake block 772, increasing the friction between the brake block 772 and the brake wheel 771, that is, increasing the resistance when the transmission roller 764 rotates.

[0106] As Figure 1 and Figures 5 - 7 As shown in

[0107] Since the reversing rocker arm 68 and the shifting rocker arm 18 have the same structure, the structure of the reversing detection component 83 can be the same as the structure of the working shift detection component 81.

[0108] After connecting the connection end 811 to the shift rocker arm 18, the servo motor 813 drives the torsion sensor 812 and the connection end 811 to rotate. The connection end 811 drives the shift rocker arm 18 to rotate. The torsion sensor 812 can detect the resistance torque received by the connection end 811 during shifting, so as to test the gear force of the working speed gear.

[0109] As Figure 1 and Figures 5 - 7 shown, a four-wheel drive transmission and its testing device for a micro-tiller provided by the present invention. Since the shift handle 9 is a push-pull type gear, in this embodiment, the traveling shift detection assembly 82 includes a chute 826 opened on the vertical plate 78. A slider 823 is slidably connected inside the chute 826. A third telescopic rod 824 is fixedly installed on the slider 823. The movable end of the third telescopic rod 824 is fixedly connected to a fixed block 825. Two handle baffles 822 are fixedly connected to the fixed block 825. Pressure sensors 821 are arranged on the opposite sides of the two handle baffles 822. A fourth telescopic rod 827 is fixedly installed on the vertical plate 78. The movable end of the fourth telescopic rod 827 is connected to the side of the slider 823.

[0110] The shift handle 9 is clamped between the two handle baffles 822, and then the fourth telescopic rod 827 drives the slider 823 to move. The slider 823 pushes or pulls the shift handle 9 to move through the fixed block 825 and the handle baffles 822. The pressure sensor 821 can detect the resistance received by the shift handle 9 during shifting.

[0111] As Figure 1 、 Figures 5 - 6 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10 shown, a four-wheel drive transmission and its testing device for a micro-tiller provided by the present invention. After the test, in order to facilitate restoring the soil in the soil placement box 72 to its original state for the next test, in this embodiment, a soil filling mechanism 79 is further provided. The soil filling mechanism 79 includes two guiding telescopic plates 799. The two guiding telescopic plates 799 are respectively slidably connected to two sides of the semi-surrounding frame 80 close to the mounting plate 75. A tension spring 797 is connected between the guiding telescopic plate 799 and the semi-surrounding frame 80. Activity slits 796 are opened at corresponding positions on the side of the semi-surrounding frame 80 and the guiding telescopic plate 799. A soil pushing roller 791 is slidably connected between the two activity slits 796;

[0112] A lead screw 798 is rotatably installed on the soil placement box 72. A driving block 794 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 798. The driving block 794 is slidably connected to the soil placement box 72. One end of the driving block 794 is rotatably connected to one end of the soil pushing roller 791. A first motor 792 is fixedly installed on the soil placement box 72. The output shaft of the first motor 792 is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 798;

[0113] The first motor 792 drives the lead screw 798 to rotate. The lead screw 798 drives the soil pushing roller 791 to move through the driving block 794. The soil pushing roller 791 can then push open and level the soil piled up together. And when the soil pushing roller 791 moves to the end of the semi-enclosing frame 80, the soil pushing roller 791 will continue to drive the guiding telescopic plate 799 to move. The guiding telescopic plate 799 guides the soil pushing roller 791. And during operation, the guiding telescopic plate 799 retracts into the inner wall of the semi-enclosing frame 80, leaving an opening for the installation and disassembly of the gearbox;

[0114] In order to enable the soil pushing roller 791 to compact the soil, the soil filling mechanism 79 further includes a driving gear 793. The driving gear 793 is fixedly connected to one end of the soil pushing roller 791. A rack 795 is fixedly connected to the soil placement box 72. The driving gear 793 meshes with the rack 795.

[0115] When the soil pushing roller 791 drives the driving gear 793 to move horizontally, the driving gear 793 rolls along the rack 795. Then the driving gear 793 drives the soil pushing roller 791 to rotate. The soil pushing roller 791 compresses the raised soil to compact the soil, thus more realistically simulating the soil in the field and making the test results more accurate.

[0116] During use, the four-wheel drive gearbox of the micro-tiller is hoisted onto the mounting plate 75 and fixed with bolts. Then the first telescopic rod 74 drives the gearbox to descend, so that the walking wheels 67 are in contact with the transmission belt 762, and the working tool 37 falls into the soil placement box 72. Then the second telescopic rod 815 drives the connecting end 811 to approach the shift rocker arm 18 and connects the connecting end 811 and the shift rocker arm 18. The reversing detection component 83 is connected to the reversing rocker arm 68. The third telescopic rod 824 drives the fixed block 825 and the handle baffle 822 to approach the shift handle 9 and makes the shift handle 9 snap between the two handle baffles 822 to complete the installation of the detection component;

[0117] Start the engine 1. After transmission, the engine 1 drives the walking wheels 67 and the working tool 37 to rotate. The wheel load mechanism 76 provides a load for the walking wheels 67. The soil in the soil placement box 72 provides a load for the working tool 37. Then the test of gear selection and shifting can be carried out;

[0118] The servo motor 813 drives the torsion sensor 812 and the connection end 811 to rotate. The connection end 811 drives the shift rocker arm 18 to rotate. The shift rocker arm 18 drives the shift triple gear 19 to move through the shift fork 17, so that the shift triple gear 19 meshes with different gear wheels, and the speed change operation can be completed. The torsion sensor 812 will detect the resistance received by the connection end 811 during this process, that is, the gear force received by the staff when shifting gears. The test principle of the reverse detection component 83 for the reverse rocker arm 68 is the same as that of the working shift detection component 81;

[0119] When walking and shifting gears, the fourth telescopic rod 827 drives the slider 823 to move. The slider 823 drives the third telescopic rod 824, the fixed block 825 and the handle baffle 822 to move. The handle baffle 822 drives the shift handle 9 to move. The shift handle 9 drives the walking shift gear 11 to move through the walking fork 8, so that the walking shift gear 11 meshes with different gear wheels to complete the speed change. The pressure sensor 821 will detect the resistance received by the shift handle 9 during this process, that is, the gear force received by the staff when shifting gears.

[0120] In order to facilitate directly viewing the test results, a data processing module and a display screen can be set on the bottom plate 71. The data detected by the torsion sensor 812 and the pressure sensor 821 are processed by the data processing module and then displayed on the display screen.

[0121] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0122] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (71), the top of the bottom plate (71) is fixedly connected to a cross frame (73), a first telescopic rod (74) is fixedly mounted on the cross frame (73), a movable end of the first telescopic rod (74) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (75), a soil placing box (72) is also mounted on the bottom plate (71), soil is contained in the soil placing box (72), a semi-enclosing frame (80) is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the soil placing box (72) away from the mounting plate (75), and a wheel load mechanism (76) is also arranged on the bottom plate (71), and the wheel load mechanism (76) is arranged on a side of the cross frame (73) away from the soil placing box (72); The bottom plate (71) is also fixedly connected to a vertical plate (78), and a working gear shift detection component (81), a reversing detection component (83) and a traveling gear shift detection component (82) are also mounted on the vertical plate (78); an output end of the reversing detection component (83) is connected to a reversing rocker arm (68), and the reversing detection component (83) is used to test the reversing gear position; an output end of the working gear shift detection component (81) is connected to a gear shift rocker arm (18), and the working gear shift detection component (81) is used to test the working speed change gear position; an output end of the traveling gear shift detection component (82) is connected to a gear shift handle (9), and the traveling gear shift detection component (82) is used to test the traveling speed change and reversing.

2. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel load mechanism (76) comprises a fixed seat (765) fixedly connected to the soil placing box (72); two transmission rollers (764) are rotatably mounted on the fixed seat (765); a transmission belt (762) is transmission-connected between the two transmission rollers (764); a support plate (761) is fixedly connected inside the fixed seat (765); and a surface of the support plate (761) contacts the inner top of the transmission belt (762); Both ends of the fixing seat (765) are provided with end stoppers (763), and one end of the end stopper (763) is in contact with the surface of the transmission belt (762); The wheel load mechanism (76) further comprises a brake mechanism (77), wherein the brake mechanism (77) is mounted on the base plate (71), one end of the brake mechanism (77) is connected to one end of a transmission roller (764), and the brake mechanism (77) is used to provide resistance to the transmission roller (764).

3. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brake mechanism (77) comprises a brake wheel (771) and a mounting box (774), wherein the brake wheel (771) is fixedly connected to one end of a transmission roller (764), and the mounting box (774) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (71), and a brake block (772) and a push block (775) are slidably connected inside the mounting box (774), and a first compression spring (773) is connected between the brake block (772) and the push block (775), and one end of the brake block (772) contacts the brake wheel (771), and a submission screw (776) is rotatably mounted on the side of the push block (775) away from the brake block (772), and the submission screw (776) is threadedly connected to the mounting box (774).

4. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working gear shift detection assembly (81) comprises a second telescopic rod (815) fixedly mounted on the vertical plate (78); the movable end of the second telescopic rod (815) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (814); a servo motor (813) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (814); a torque sensor (812) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor (813); the output end of the torque sensor (812) is fixedly connected to a connecting end (811); and the connecting end (811) can be connected to one end of a gear shift rocker arm (18).

5. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking gear shift detection component (82) comprises a slide groove (826) provided on the vertical plate (78), a slider (823) being slidably connected inside the slide groove (826), a third telescopic rod (824) being fixedly mounted on the slider (823), a movable end of the third telescopic rod (824) being fixedly connected to a fixed block (825), two handle baffles (822) being fixedly connected to the fixed block (825), pressure sensors (821) being provided on opposite sides of the two handle baffles (822), and a fourth telescopic rod (827) being fixedly mounted on the vertical plate (78), a movable end of the fourth telescopic rod (827) being connected to a side of the slider (823).

6. The micro-tillage machine four-wheel drive gearbox testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil filling mechanism (79) further comprises two guide telescopic plates (799), the two guide telescopic plates (799) being respectively slidably connected to two side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame (80) close to the mounting plate (75), and a tension spring (797) being connected between the guide telescopic plates (799) and the semi-enclosing frame (80), and movable slits (796) being provided at corresponding positions of the side surfaces of the semi-enclosing frame (80) and the guide telescopic plates (799), and a pusher roller (791) being slidably connected between the two movable slits (796); A screw rod (798) is rotatably mounted on the soil placing box (72), a driving block (794) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (798), the driving block (794) is slidably connected to the soil placing box (72), one end of the driving block (794) is rotatably connected to one end of a bulldozer roller (791), a first motor (792) is fixedly mounted on the soil placing box (72), and an output shaft of the first motor (792) is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod (798); The soil filling mechanism (79) further comprises a driving gear (793), wherein the driving gear (793) is fixedly connected to one end of the bulldozer roller (791), and a rack (795) is fixedly connected to the soil placing box (72), and the driving gear (793) meshes with the rack (795).

Images