Compound sex pheromone lure of tomato leaf miner and cotton bollworm as well as preparation method and application of compound sex pheromone lure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pest trapping and killing, and provides a tomato leaf miner and cotton bollworm compound sex pheromone lure as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the compound sex pheromone lure comprises a tomato leaf miner lure and a cotton bollworm lure, and the compound content ratio is (30-50): (50-70); the trap provided by the invention adopts a unique composite sex pheromone lure formula, can strongly attract tomato leaf miners and cotton bollworms, improves the trapping efficiency, is environment-friendly, does not cause pollution, does not cause harm to human bodies and other organisms, can be safely used in environments such as farmlands and orchards, and has a wide application prospect. Two pests of tomato leaf miners and cotton bollworms are trapped at the same time, the use amount of pesticide and labor cost can be reduced by using the trapper and the trapping core for a long time, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pest trapping and killing, and in particular to a composite pheromone attractant core of tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tomato leafminer is a serious pest that harms tomato crops. It mainly harms tomato plants in larval form, and feeds on plant tissues by burrowing into leaves, stems and fruits, causing symptoms such as silver spots, dryness and yellowing on leaves. The fruits will also be damaged, with reduced quality or even inedible. The pest has a wide range of hosts, strong reproductive capacity, and high genetic adaptability, so it is difficult to control.

[0003] The cotton bollworm is a pest that poses a serious threat to agricultural production. Its larvae mainly eat the tender leaves, buds, and bolls of crops, causing damage to the crops and affecting yield and quality. Its host plants are extensive, including many important food crops and cash crops such as tomatoes, cotton, corn, sorghum, and peanuts.

[0004] At present, conventional pest control is carried out through chemical pesticides. According to research, excessive use of pesticides will not only affect crops, but also cause pests to produce antibodies, resulting in increasingly poor pest control effects, and it is no longer possible to achieve stable pest control effects.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a composite pheromone attractant for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, and a preparation method and application thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite pheromone attractant core for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0007] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a composite pheromone attractant for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, the composite pheromone attractant comprises a tomato leafminer attractant and a cotton bollworm attractant, and the composite content ratio is 30-50:50-70;

[0008] The active ingredients of the tomato leafminer attractant are trans-3, cis-8, cis-11-tetradecatriene acetate, trans-3, cis-8-tetradecadienoyl acetate, cis-11-hexadecenal, and cis-9-hexadecenal;

[0009] Among them, the active ingredient is a colorless oily substance with a boiling point of 333.6±31.0℃, a density of 0.903±0.06g / cm3, and a storage condition of refrigeration. It is soluble in chloroform (a little) and methanol (a little);

[0010] The active ingredients of the cotton bollworm attractant are trans-3, cis-8, cis-11-tetradecatriene acetate, trans-3, cis-8-tetradecadienoyl acetate, cis-11-hexadecenal, and cis-9-hexadecenal;

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the active ingredients in the tomato leafminer attractant is 95-100:0-5:200-800:0-15;

[0012] More preferably, the mass ratio of the active ingredients in the cotton bollworm attractant is 92-100:1-7:300-750:6-18.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, the content of each active component of the tomato leafminer attractant and the cotton bollworm attractant is 0.5-2.0 mg.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the purity of the pheromone original medicine of the tomato leafminer attractant and the cotton bollworm attractant is greater than 95%.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an attractant core, which is used to prepare a composite sex pheromone attractant core for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm as described above, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0016] S1: In an environment with a relative humidity of 40% RH to 55% RH, prepare the qualified raw materials according to the raw material ratio and formula requirements;

[0017] S2: The prepared drug solution is analyzed by Agilent8890-FID (automatic injection) to ensure the accuracy of the preparation, and the analysis results are kept on file;

[0018] In the Agilent 8890-FID analysis, the chromatographic column was HP-5, 30m*0.25mm*0.25um; the injection port temperature was 250°C; the detector temperature was 260°C; the program temperature was 50°C for 1 min, the temperature was increased to 180°C at 20°C / min, and the temperature was maintained for 2 min, the temperature was increased to 250°C at 90°C / min, and the temperature was maintained for 12 min; split / non-split: split; split ratio: 10:1; constant pressure: 10 psi;

[0019] After GC-FID analysis, ensure that the sample peak time is consistent with the standard peak time, and the sample purity is greater than 95%. If the raw material is qualified, it can be used. Otherwise, it cannot be used for production and is marked with the latest concentration for later processing;

[0020] S3: Seal the remaining original drug and the prepared drug solution and store them in a refrigerator;

[0021] S4: Dilute the prepared pheromone stock drug 100 times with acetone, shake well, and enter the gas phase for detection;

[0022] S5: GC-FID analysis ensures that the peak time of the sample is consistent with that of the standard, and the purity of the sample is >95%.

[0023] Another aspect of the present invention provides an application of an attractant core, using the above-mentioned composite pheromone attractant core of tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, comprising a carrier, which is at least one of a rubber plug of natural devulcanized rubber and a PVC capillary tube;

[0024] Preferably, the rubber plug carrier of natural devulcanized rubber has a length of 14±2 mm, a maximum cross-sectional diameter of 100 mm, and a full net weight of 730±20 mg;

[0025] More preferably, the PVC capillary carrier has a length of 75 to 80 mm, an outer diameter of 1.7±0.2 mm, and an inner diameter of 1.2±0.2 mm.

[0026] As a further optimization of the present invention, a blank lure is soaked in n-hexane for 24 hours and then aired, a quantitative prepared composite pheromone solution is dripped into the mouth of the rubber stopper carrier bowl with a pipette, and after the pheromone penetrates, petroleum ether is added to continue the penetration, and after 10 minutes, it is packed into an aluminum foil packaging bag and refrigerated.

[0027] As a further optimization of the present invention, the PVC capillary carrier is cut according to a predetermined length, one end is opened and inserted into a container containing pheromone original medicine, and the other end is extracted by negative pressure until the medicine liquid flows out of the other end. The two ends are immediately picked up and quickly sealed with a sealing machine, and then sealed and cut in sections according to the required length.

[0028] As a further optimization of the present invention, the rubber stopper carrier of natural devulcanized rubber and the PVC capillary are applied to agricultural planting environments such as farmland, orchards, and greenhouses to monitor and control tomato leaf miners, especially in areas of continuous crop planting. At the same time, they are also suitable for organic agriculture and green agricultural production to reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] The composite sex pheromone attractant core of the present invention releases sex pheromones of tomato leafminer and sex pheromones of cotton bollworm in the field, and can simultaneously attract male tomato leafminer and male cotton bollworm, so that these two pests cannot mate and reproduce, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the insect population density;

[0031] The present invention proves through field tests that direct mixing of sex pheromones of two pests, the tomato leafminer and the tomato leafminer, will not produce antagonism, can achieve the effect of one core with two attractants, and significantly improves the control efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1It is a bar chart of field trapping experiment data of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the rubber stopper carrier of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the capillary carrier of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the triangular insect trap of the present invention in use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The use of the composite pheromone attractant for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and field biological activity tests in the examples, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents in the embodiments of the present invention can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The effective components of the pheromone (weight is 2 mg) trans-3, cis-8, cis-11-tetradecatriene acetate, trans-3, cis-8-tetradecadienoyl acetate, cis-11-hexadecene aldehyde, and cis-9-hexadecene aldehyde are mixed in a weight ratio of 95:2.5:200:5, and added into n-hexane to prepare a solution;

[0040] The weight ratio of the pheromone component to n-hexane is 1:50. A sleeve-type rubber stopper is selected, and the pheromone solution is quantitatively added into the rubber stopper with a pipette. After the n-hexane is completely volatilized, a composite pheromone attractant core for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm is prepared.

[0041] The lure core was placed in a triangular trap. Three tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm composite pheromone lures and matching traps were placed per acre of tomato field. The captured adults were observed and recorded at 9 a.m. every day, and the number of trapped insects of the entire generation was counted. The number of insects per 100 plants (or the number of leafworms) was investigated using the five-point sampling method during the peak egg period, egg hatching period, low-age insect period, and damage period of the second-generation cotton bollworm and tomato leafminer, and the control effect was calculated.

[0042] The results of the prevention and control test show that during the 40-day trial period, the average capture rate was maintained at 95% by investigating the number of trapped insects and calculating the capture rate. The number of larvae in the field was reduced by 80% compared with the control area by investigating the number of insects per 100 plants in the field and calculating the prevention and control effect. By comparing the experimental control area with the trapped area, the insect population rate of tomato leaves in the trapped area was significantly lower than that in the control area, and the tomatoes grew better.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Field experiments were conducted with compound pheromone lures at different times

[0045] Soak the rubber plug carrier blank lure in n-hexane for 24 hours and then air-dry it. During the air-drying period, when the highest temperature of the day is lower than 25°C, the air-drying time shall be no less than 2 days; when the highest temperature is higher than 25°C and lower than 32°C, the air-drying time shall be 1 day. After the air-drying is completed, the lure shall be stored in a woven bag with good air permeability.

[0046] The weight composition ratio of the effective ingredients of the pheromone is adjusted to form different formulations, and the prepared composite pheromone lure core is used for trapping experiments in the field;

[0047] In order to further illustrate the feasibility of this embodiment, the effects of the field trapping experiment with different portions of the composite pheromone lure are listed, and the portion is measured in μg, as shown in Table 1:

[0048] Tomato leafminer bait (pack) Cotton bollworm bait core (unit) Tomato leafminer bait: cotton bollworm bait Average number of traps (head / day) (tomato leafminer / cotton bollworm) SP1 95∶0∶210∶0 92∶1∶310∶6 30∶50 95.88±5.89 / 65.11±3.59 SP2 96∶1∶310∶0 93∶2∶430∶9 33∶51 105.62±7.25 / 80.13±9.25 SP3 96∶1∶460∶3 95∶3∶520∶12 33∶54 75.58±8.54 / 90.55±6.35 SP4 97∶3∶550∶7 97∶5∶590∶15 33∶54 60.54±8.16 / 70.54±3.77 SP5 99∶4∶610∶11 99∶6∶630∶16 36∶59 124.51±7.63 / 98.57±6.47 SP6 100∶5∶780∶15 100∶7∶710∶18 36∶60 134.25±3.25.59 / 105.22±2.24 SP7 97∶0∶250∶4 99∶3∶380∶15 37∶61 105.61±6.51 / 121.28±6.59 SP8 95∶1∶300∶1 95∶2∶410∶10 39∶61 119.25±1.85 / 112.39±3.76 SP9 98∶2∶410∶5 96∶5∶550∶13 39∶61 73.61±1.21 / 81.16±4.18 SP10 96∶2∶570∶9 99∶7∶570∶11 39∶62 85.65±4.42 / 80.16±5.47 SP11 96∶4∶690∶14 100∶1∶690∶9 41∶62 99.35±3.57 / 102.17±7.42 SP12 99∶4∶770∶15 95∶2∶740∶7 43∶63 114.68±6.47 / 108.67±3.59 SP13 100∶1∶500∶8 95∶6∶740∶9 43∶63 116.55±8.25 / 104.39±4.87 SP14 100∶1∶400∶5 95∶7∶710∶9 44∶63 136.47±5.89 / 65.11±3.59 SP15 98∶3∶600∶11 99∶1∶610∶11 44∶64 77.47±3.67 / 57.87±6.98 SP16 98∶4∶700∶15 100∶4∶690∶18 47∶67 154.68±7.58 / 161.18±5.44 SP17 95∶5∶300∶14 97∶4∶480∶18 49∶67 134.26±7.17 / 125.43±4.33 SP18 93∶5∶600∶13 93∶5∶410∶15 49∶70 118.81±7.43 / 119.24±2.47

[0049] Table 1

[0050] Note: SP in the table represents the experimental number of different sample formulations. The data in the table are the average ± standard error of the trapping amount for each trap for seven days a week, with the sticky insect board replaced every day on average and data collected at the same time.

[0051] It can be seen that the control of the two pests, tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, has always remained in an efficient and stable state. The average trapping rate calculated by investigating the number of trapped insects is maintained at 95% to 98%. The number of larvae in the field calculated by investigating the number of insects per 100 plants is 80% to 90% lower than that in the control area.

[0052] Among them, according to the planting environment and the habits of tomato leafminers and cotton bollworms, triangular traps are used with bait cores to simulate their natural food or mating signals to attract and capture them, and necessary installation accessories (sticky insect boards, fixing ropes, etc.) are prepared. According to the layout of the tomato field and the activity habits of tomato leafminers and cotton bollworms, a location with sufficient sunlight, good ventilation, and easy observation and maintenance is selected for installation.

[0053] Hang the trap on the bracket and adjust it to an appropriate height, 1.0 to 2 meters from the ground, so as to better attract and capture tomato leafminers and cotton bollworms.

[0054] It can be understood that the trap provided by the present invention adopts a unique composite pheromone attractant formula, which can strongly attract tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, and improve the capture efficiency. Compared with chemical pesticides, the trap is environmentally friendly, does not cause pollution, and does not cause harm to humans and other organisms. It can be safely used in farmland, orchards and other environments. Long-term use of traps and attractants can reduce pesticide usage and labor costs, and improve economic benefits.

[0055] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite pheromone lure for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm, characterized in that: The composite pheromone attractant core comprises a tomato leafminer attractant core and a cotton bollworm attractant core, wherein the composite content ratio of the effective components of the tomato leafminer attractant core and the cotton bollworm attractant core is 30-50:50-70, and the tomato leafminer attractant core and the cotton bollworm attractant core are combined to achieve the effect of simultaneously trapping the tomato leafminer and the cotton bollworm, thereby simultaneously preventing and controlling the two pests in tomato crops; The active ingredients of the tomato leafminer attractant are trans-3, cis-8, cis-11-tetradecatriene acetate, trans-3, cis-8-tetradecadienoyl acetate, cis-11-hexadecenal, and cis-9-hexadecenal; The active ingredients of the cotton bollworm attractant are trans-3, cis-8, cis-11-tetradecatriene acetate, trans-3, cis-8-tetradecadienoyl acetate, cis-11-hexadecenal, and cis-9-hexadecenal; The effective ingredients of the tomato leafminer attractant core are in a mass ratio of 95-100:0-5:200-800:0-15; The effective components of the cotton bollworm attractant core are in a mass ratio of 92-100:1-7:300-750:6-18.

2. The composite pheromone lure for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active components of the tomato leafminer attractant and the cotton bollworm composite pheromone attractant each contain 0.5 to 2.0 mg.

3. The composite pheromone lure for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purity of the pheromone original medicine of the tomato leafminer attractant core and the cotton bollworm attractant core is greater than 95%.

4. A method for preparing an attractant core, used for preparing a composite pheromone attractant core for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1: In an environment with a relative humidity of 40% RH to 55% RH, the qualified raw materials are prepared according to the composite content ratio of the effective ingredients of the tomato leafminer attractant and the cotton bollworm attractant and the formula requirements, and the auxiliary agent is n-hexane or n-dodecane; S2: The prepared drug solution is analyzed by Agilent8890-FID (automatic injection) to ensure the accuracy of the preparation, and the analysis results are kept on file; S3: Seal the remaining original drug and the prepared drug solution and store them in a refrigerator; S4: dilute the prepared original drug 100 times with acetone, shake well, and enter the gas phase for detection; S5: GC-FID analysis ensures that the peak time of the sample is consistent with that of the standard, and the purity of the sample is >95%.

5. An application of an attractant core, using the composite pheromone attractant core for tomato leafminer and cotton bollworm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The carrier is at least one of a rubber stopper of natural devulcanized rubber and a PVC capillary tube; The length of the rubber plug carrier of natural devulcanized rubber is 14±2mm, the maximum cross-sectional diameter is 100mm, and the full net weight is 730±20mg; The PVC capillary carrier has a length of 75 to 80 mm, an outer diameter of 1.7 ± 0.2 mm, and an inner diameter of 1.2 ± 0.2 mm.

6. The use of a lure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Soak the blank lure in n-hexane for 24 hours and then air-dry. Use a pipette to drip a certain amount of the prepared compound pheromone solution into the mouth of the rubber stopper carrier bowl. After the pheromone penetrates, add petroleum ether to continue the penetration. After 10 minutes, put it into an aluminum foil packaging bag and store it in the refrigerator.

7. The use of a lure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The PVC capillary carrier is cut to a predetermined length, one end of the opening is inserted into a container containing pheromone original medicine, and the other end is drawn by negative pressure until the medicine liquid flows out of the other end. The two ends are immediately picked up and quickly sealed with a sealing machine, and then sealed and cut in sections according to the required length.

8. The use of a lure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rubber plug carrier of natural devulcanized rubber and the PVC capillary tube are applied to agricultural planting environments such as farmland, orchards, and greenhouses to monitor and control tomato leafminers, especially in crop areas planted in continuous areas. At the same time, they are also suitable for organic agriculture and green agricultural production to reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

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