Deep groove walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a deep-line walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration. A feeding mechanism is located at the upper end of the middle layer of the front part of a rack, an ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the rear end of the feeding mechanism, a control box is arranged at the left part between the middle and lower layers of the rack, and a plurality of universal rollers are fixedly connected to the lower end of the bottom support of the rack. After grading, the walnut is fed from the hopper, rotates through the cooperation of the first and second clamping groove plates, and is finally clamped into the circular groove of the second clamping groove plate. Through ultrasonic vibration and extrusion of the electric push rod in the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism, the walnut completes the shell breaking operation and is discharged from the discharge plate. The feeding mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism are used to realize the walnut material conveying and extrusion shell breaking process, the high-frequency vibration under the ultrasonic mechanical effect is used, the characteristics of the brittle and hard material breaking are suitable, the different physical properties of the walnut shell and kernel are combined to assist the walnut shell breaking, and the deep-line walnut shell breaking rate and kernel rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration. Background Art

[0002] Walnuts have extremely high nutritional and economic value. Deep-grained walnut shells have small gaps between the kernels, so common shell-breaking methods can easily damage the kernels and reduce the kernel-exposed rate, affecting the value of subsequent products. Therefore, shell-breaking equipment with a high kernel-exposed rate can help reduce processing costs for deep-grained walnuts, increase the kernel-exposed rate, and increase the economic added value of walnuts.

[0003] At present, walnut shelling equipment mostly uses mechanical striking, extrusion, impact and other shelling methods. Mechanical striking methods, such as Patent No. 2020224785917, discloses a pecan shelling device. Through the lifting and lowering of the lifting arm and the deformation of the spring, the limit cover can better fix and limit pecans of different sizes, and the walnut shelling is completed under the impact of the shelling cylinder; the extrusion method, such as the paper "Design and Test of Six-Point Extrusion Walnut Low-Loss Shelling Device", uses a six-point force-bearing extrusion clamp along the transverse diameter to squeeze and crack the walnuts more evenly. The simulation results show that when the clamp angle is 70°, the crack propagation is best, which reduces the kernel breakage rate; the collision method, such as Patent No. 2022235024478, discloses a walnut shelling equipment. After the walnut is crushed under the extrusion of the first clamping roller and the second clamping roller, the shell and the kernel are separated by back and forth collision between the collision roller and the collision shell. The above shelling methods and supporting devices are mostly suitable for walnut varieties with thin shells and large gaps between the shell and the kernel, and have good applicability and shelling quality.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the small gap between deep-grained walnut shells and kernels, it is necessary to design a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration to solve the above problems and achieve the goals of high reliability, good shelling quality and suitability for miniaturized home use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration, comprising

[0007] frame;

[0008] A feeding mechanism is fixedly arranged on the top of the frame, and is used to feed walnuts and perform posture adjustment and individual distribution on the walnuts;

[0009] An ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame, and corresponds to the discharging end of the feeding mechanism, and is used for ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell breaking of the posture adjusted and individually distributed walnuts;

[0010] A plurality of universal rollers are fixedly arranged in the frame, and are used for moving the frame;

[0011] A control box is arranged on the frame, and is used for controlling driving of the feeding mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism.

[0012] The ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism comprises a slip ring shaft, the slip ring shaft is fixedly arranged on the frame, slip ring stators are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the slip ring shaft, a slip ring rotor is rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators, the slip ring rotor is rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft, an ultrasonic vibration assembly is fixedly connected to one end of the slip ring rotor, an extrusion and crushing assembly is fixedly connected to the other end of the slip ring rotor, a positioning assembly two is arranged between the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the extrusion and crushing assembly, and the positioning assembly two is fixedly connected with the slip ring rotor.

[0013] The ultrasonic vibration assembly comprises an ultrasonic disc and an ultrasonic hole disc, the ultrasonic disc and the ultrasonic hole disc are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor, a gap is left between the ultrasonic disc and the ultrasonic hole disc, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the ultrasonic disc, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are commonly electrically connected with an ultrasonic power supply, the ultrasonic power supply is fixedly arranged on the frame, and the emitting end of the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc and faces the extrusion and crushing assembly.

[0014] The ultrasonic transducer comprises a second cylinder, one end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic disc, the other end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of a first cylinder, the other end of the first cylinder is fixedly connected with an ultrasonic energy-gathering extrusion head, the ultrasonic energy-gathering extrusion head is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic hole disc and faces the extrusion and crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure is arranged in the ultrasonic energy-gathering extrusion head.

[0015] The application discloses a deep-rut walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration.

[0016] The electric push rod comprises a push rod base body, the push rod base body is fixedly connected with the electric push rod disc, an electric push rod is fixedly connected on the push rod base body, the electric push rod is electrically connected with the control box, and the action end of the electric push rod slides through the electric push rod hole disc and is directed to the ultrasonic transducer.

[0017] The positioning assembly two comprises a second clamping groove disc, the second clamping groove disc is fixedly sleeved outside the slip ring rotor and is located between the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the extrusion breaking assembly, a plurality of circular grooves are formed in the outer edge of the second clamping groove disc, the circular grooves are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the second clamping groove disc, and an arc-shaped yoke is arranged in the circular groove.

[0018] The feeding mechanism comprises a hopper, the hopper is fixed at the top end of the rack through two outer ear plates, a rectangular outlet is fixedly connected at the bottom end of the hopper, a square opening is formed in the side of the rectangular outlet close to the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism, an obliquely arranged rolling brush baffle is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the hopper, a plurality of rolling brushes are arranged below the low end of the rolling brush baffle and are rotationally connected with the inner side wall of the hopper, a positioning assembly one is arranged in the rectangular outlet, the positioning assembly one is located below the plurality of rolling brushes, the positioning assembly one is fixedly connected with the rack, and a driving part is drivingly connected with the positioning assembly one and the rack.

[0019] The positioning assembly one comprises two vertical seats, the two vertical seats are fixedly connected with the rack, a feeding shaft is rotationally connected between the two vertical seats, a first clamping groove disc is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer side wall of the feeding shaft, a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves are formed in the edge of the first clamping groove disc, the elliptical positioning grooves are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the first clamping groove disc, circular ring grooves are formed at the two sides of the elliptical positioning grooves, a large chain wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding shaft, and the large chain wheel is drivingly connected with the driving part.

[0020] The driving part comprises a motor, the motor is fixedly connected with the frame, a small chain wheel is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the small chain wheel is in transmission connection with the large chain wheel through a chain.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0022] 1. The feeding mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism are used to realize the processes of walnut feeding, transportation, shell breaking and collection, the ultrasonic wave is applied to the walnut shell breaking field, the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration under the mechanical effect of the ultrasonic wave is used for hard and brittle material breaking demand, the crack propagation during walnut extrusion is accelerated, a small extrusion force can achieve good shell breaking effect, the hard shell of deep groove walnut and the small gap between the shell and the kernel can be solved, and the shell breaking rate and the kernel rate are improved.

[0023] 2. The deep groove walnut has the characteristics of deep and rough groove, small edge diameter, comparable longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter, low sphericity and poor rolling property, the preliminary profiling positioning of the oval positioning groove on the first clamping groove disc and the flattening and posture adjustment of the rolling brush are realized through the feeding mechanism, the oval positioning groove is accurately corresponded with the circular slot by adjusting the rotating speed of the first clamping groove disc and the second clamping groove disc on the shell breaking mechanism, the front and rear kernels are continuously and orderly transported without interfering with each other, the kernels are guided into the circular slot under the guidance of the pushing piece, the kernels are extruded along the longitudinal direction, and good shell breaking effect can be achieved.

[0024] 3. The ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head suitable for deep groove walnut is connected to the ultrasonic transducer, the edge effect of ultrasonic energy transmission is considered, the energy transmission efficiency during contact and extrusion with the walnut is increased, and the walnut shell breaking is better realized.

[0025] 4. The application has simple and compact structure, low technical requirements for operators, is easy to popularize and is suitable for small household production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor under the premise of these drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a whole schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a frame schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the hopper of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the first clamping groove disc of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the extrusion crushing assembly and the positioning assembly of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the second clamping groove disc of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic vibration assembly of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic view of the extrusion crushing assembly of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic transducer of the present application.

[0038] Wherein, 1, rack; 101, upper longitudinal beam; 102, vertical support one; 103, half T-shaped structure; 104, square hole; 105, vertical support two; 106, vertical support three; 107, supporting plate one; 108, middle longitudinal beam; 109, supporting plate two; 110, upper cross brace; 2, feeding mechanism; 201, hopper; 202, motor; 203, chain; 204, small chain wheel; 205, large chain wheel; 206, vertical seat; 207, first clamping groove disc; 208, rolling brush baffle; 209, rolling brush; 210, feeding shaft; 211, circular ring-shaped groove; 212, oval positioning recess; 213, outer lug; 214, square opening; 215, rectangular outlet; 3, ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism; 301, fan-shaped protective cover; 302, discharging plate; 303, ultrasonic power supply; 304, ultrasonic disc; 305, ultrasonic hole disc; 306, second clamping groove disc; 307, electric push rod hole disc; 308, electric push rod disc; 309, electric push rod; 310, ultrasonic transducer; 311, slip ring stator; 312, slip ring rotor; 313, electric push rod; 314, push rod seat body; 315, fixed hole one; 316, fixed hole two; 317, circular slot; 318, arc-shaped yoke; 319, slip ring shaft; 320, ultrasonic energy-gathering extrusion head; 321, cylindrical body one; 322, cylindrical body two; 323, stepped annular structure; 4, universal roller; 5, control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Clearly, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent, clear and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Referring to Figures 1 to 11 The present application provides a deep groove walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration, which comprises

[0042] a rack 1;

[0043] a feeding mechanism 2 fixedly arranged at the top end of the rack 1, the feeding mechanism 2 being used for putting in walnuts and adjusting the posture and individually distributing the walnuts;

[0044] an ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 fixedly arranged in the middle part of the rack 1, the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 being correspondingly arranged at the discharging end of the feeding mechanism 2, and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 being used for ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell breaking of the walnuts after the posture adjustment and individual distribution;

[0045] a plurality of universal rollers 4 fixedly arranged on the rack 1, the universal rollers 4 being used for moving the rack 1;

[0046] a control box 5 arranged on the rack 1, the control box 5 being used for controlling the driving of the feeding mechanism 2 and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3.

[0047] Further, the structure of the rack 1 comprises: two upper layer longitudinal beams 101 and an upper layer cross brace 110 which are parallel to each other and constitute a horizontal upper layer of the rack, the upper layer of the rack being supported by four vertical support columns 102, two parallel middle layer longitudinal beams 108 constituting a middle layer part of the rack, a square hole 104 formed by the vertical support column 102 located at the rear part of the upper layer of the rack and a half T-shaped structure 103, a second supporting plate 109 located at the front part of the middle layer of the rack, a first supporting plate 107 constituting a left end part of the lower layer of the rack, two vertical support columns 105 arranged along the center symmetry plane of the rack at the rear part of the space between the middle layer and the lower layer of the rack, and six vertical support columns 106 arranged at the lower end of the lower layer of the rack, each of the lower end faces of the vertical support columns 106 being fixedly connected with a universal roller 4.

[0048] The vertical support column 106 has a length of 50-100 mm.

[0049] Further, the shell breaking mechanism 3 comprises a slip ring shaft 319 fixedly arranged on the rack 1, slip ring stators 311 fixedly sleeved at both ends of the slip ring shaft 319, a slip ring rotor 312 rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators 311, the slip ring rotor 312 rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft 319, one end of the slip ring rotor 312 fixedly connected with the ultrasonic vibration assembly, the other end of the slip ring rotor 312 fixedly connected with the extrusion crushing assembly, and a second positioning assembly arranged between the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the extrusion crushing assembly, the second positioning assembly fixedly connected with the slip ring rotor 312.

[0050] Further, the shell breaking mechanism 3 further comprises a fan-shaped protective cover 301 and a discharge plate 302, the fan-shaped protective cover 301 covers the outer side of the ultrasonic vibration assembly, the extrusion crushing assembly and the second positioning assembly, preventing the shell breaking debris from splashing and hurting people, and the discharge plate 302 covers the outer side below the ultrasonic vibration assembly, the extrusion crushing assembly and the second positioning assembly, the fan-shaped protective cover 301 and the discharge plate 302 are both fixedly connected with the rack 1.

[0051] The fan-shaped angle of the fan-shaped protective cover 301 is 90°-150°, and the fan-shaped angle of the fan-shaped part of the discharge plate 302 is 30°-60°.

[0052] Further, the ultrasonic vibration assembly comprises an ultrasonic disc 304 and an ultrasonic hole disc 305, the ultrasonic disc 304 and the ultrasonic hole disc 305 are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor 312, a gap is left between the ultrasonic disc 304 and the ultrasonic hole disc 305, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are fixedly connected with the ultrasonic disc 304, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the ultrasonic disc 304, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are electrically connected with an ultrasonic power supply 303, the ultrasonic power supply 303 is fixedly arranged on the rack 1, and the emitting end of the ultrasonic transducer 310 is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc 305 and faces the extrusion crushing assembly.

[0053] Further, the ultrasonic transducer 310 comprises a cylindrical body two 322, one end of the cylindrical body two 322 is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic disc 304, the other end of the cylindrical body two 322 is fixedly connected with one end of a cylindrical body one 321, the other end of the cylindrical body one 321 is fixedly connected with an ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head 320, the ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head 320 is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic hole disc 305 and faces the extrusion crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure 323 is arranged in the ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head 320.

[0054] Further, the extrusion crushing assembly comprises an electric push rod hole disc 307 and an electric push rod disc 308, which are fixedly arranged at the other end of the slip ring rotor 312, and a gap is left between the electric push rod hole disc 307 and the electric push rod disc 308, a plurality of electric push rods 309 are fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc 308, the plurality of electric push rods 309 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the electric push rod disc 308, and the action end of the electric push rod 309 slides through the electric push rod hole disc 307 and faces the ultrasonic transducer 310.

[0055] Further, the electric push rod 309 comprises a push rod seat body 314, which is fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc 308, an electric push rod 313 is fixedly connected to the push rod seat body 314, the electric push rod 313 is electrically connected to the control box 5, and the action end of the electric push rod 313 slides through the electric push rod hole disc 307 and faces the ultrasonic transducer 310.

[0056] Further, the positioning assembly two comprises a second clamping groove disc 306, which is fixedly sleeved outside the slip ring rotor 312 and located between the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the extrusion crushing assembly, a plurality of circular grooves 317 are formed in the outer edge of the second clamping groove disc 306, the plurality of circular grooves 317 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the second clamping groove disc 306, and an arc-shaped yoke 318 is arranged in the circular groove 317.

[0057] The left end of the slip ring stator 311 is connected with the ultrasonic power supply 303 through an electric lead wire, a plurality of electric lead wires are branched out from the left part of the slip ring rotor 312 and connected with the ultrasonic transducer 310 between the ultrasonic disc 304 and the ultrasonic hole disc 305, and the electric energy is transmitted through the slip ring stator 311 and the slip ring rotor 312; the right end of the slip ring stator 311 is connected with the control box 5 through an electric lead wire, a plurality of electric lead wires are branched out from the right part of the slip ring rotor 312 and connected with the electric push rod 309 between the electric push rod hole disc 307 and the electric push rod disc 308, and the extension and retraction action of the electric push rod 313 at a specific moment and the speed regulation of the slip ring rotor 312 are realized through the control of the control box 5.

[0058] Under the rotation of the slip ring rotor 312, the second clamping groove disc 306 fixedly connected thereto rotates clockwise together with the first clamping groove disc 207 in the feeding mechanism 2, the elliptical positioning groove 212 on the first clamping groove disc 207 corresponds to the circular groove 317 on the second clamping groove disc 306, under the guidance of the arc-shaped yoke 318, the walnut in the elliptical positioning groove 212 is pushed into the circular groove 317 after the preliminary shape positioning and the posture flattening and adjustment of the rolling brush 209, at this time, the longitudinal diameter direction of the walnut is parallel to the axis of the electric push rod 309, the left end of the walnut abuts against the ultrasonic energy-gathering extrusion head 320, and the right end abuts against the electric push rod 309, the clamping and extrusion actions along the longitudinal diameter of the walnut are realized through the ultrasonic action and the electric push rod 309, the shell breaking operation of the walnut is realized, and the shell and kernel after the shell breaking are discharged from the discharge plate 302.

[0059] Further, the feeding mechanism 2 comprises a hopper 201 fixed at the top end of the rack 1 through two outer ear plates 213, the bottom end of the hopper 201 is fixedly connected with a rectangular outlet 215, the rectangular outlet 215 is provided with a square notch 214 near one side of the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3, the inner side wall of the hopper 201 is fixedly connected with an inclined roller brush baffle 208 at the middle part, a plurality of roller brushes 209 are arranged below the low end of the roller brush baffle 208, the roller brushes 209 are rotatably connected with the inner side wall of the hopper 201, the rectangular outlet 215 is provided with a positioning assembly one inside, the positioning assembly one is located below the plurality of roller brushes 209, the positioning assembly one is fixedly connected with the rack 1, and the positioning assembly one is drivingly connected with a driving part, and the driving part is fixedly connected with the rack 1.

[0060] Further, the positioning assembly one comprises two vertical seats 206, the two vertical seats 206 are fixedly connected with the rack 1, and a feeding shaft 210 is rotatably connected between the two vertical seats 206, a first clamping groove disc 207 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the outer side wall of the feeding shaft 210, a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves 212 are formed in the edge of the first clamping groove disc 207, the plurality of elliptical positioning grooves 212 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the first clamping groove disc 207, circular groove 211 is formed on the two sides of the elliptical positioning groove 212, and a large chain wheel 205 is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding shaft 210.

[0061] Further, the driving part comprises an electric motor 202, the electric motor 202 is fixedly connected with the rack 1, a small chain wheel 204 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the electric motor 202, and the small chain wheel 204 is drivingly connected with the large chain wheel 205 through a chain 203.

[0062] The feeding mechanism 2 is used for loading a certain amount of walnuts in the hopper 201, the roller brushes 209 are arranged below the roller brush baffle 208 fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner cavity of the hopper 201, the walnuts fall into the elliptical positioning grooves 212 on the circumferential surface of the first clamping groove disc 207 under the action of gravity, the circular groove 211 is arranged at the two ends of the elliptical positioning groove 212, the first clamping groove disc 207 is driven to rotate clockwise by the electric motor 202 through chain transmission, and the walnuts enter the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 after the preliminary profiling positioning of the elliptical positioning groove 212 and the rolling smoothing and posture adjustment of the roller brushes 209.

[0063] The thickness of the first clamping groove disc 207 is 40mm-70mm, the distance between the inner wall of the front and rear end faces of the lower part of the hopper 201 and the first clamping groove disc 207 is 5mm-15mm, the depth of the elliptical positioning groove 212 is 15mm-30mm, and the depth of the circular groove 211 is 20mm-40mm.

[0064] A fixing hole 1 315 corresponding to the circular slot 317 is opened on the ultrasonic hole plate 305, and the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320 is fixed in the fixing hole 1 315. A fixing hole 2 316 corresponding to the circular slot 317 is opened on the electric push rod hole plate 307, and the action end of the electric push rod 313 slides through the fixing hole 2 316.

[0065] The arc-shaped shift fork 318 on the second slot disk 306 extends into the annular groove 211 in the first slot disk 207 without contacting the inner wall of the annular groove 211. The width of the annular groove 211 is 3mm-5mm, and the width of the arc-shaped shift fork 318 is slightly smaller than the width of the annular groove 211.

[0066] When the second slot plate 306 rotates, the arc-shaped shift fork 318 fixed thereto and rotating synchronously moves away from the hopper 201 and rotates out from the square notch 214 .

[0067] The axial symmetry planes of the first slot disk 207 and the second slot disk 306 coincide with each other, and their axes are parallel. Both rotate in clockwise directions, and the closest distance between their edges is 10 mm to 20 mm.

[0068] The working principle and process of the present invention are as follows:

[0069] After grading, the walnuts are loaded from the hopper 201 and fall into the oval positioning groove 212 on the circumference of the first slot disk 207 under the action of gravity. An annular groove 211 is provided on both sides of the oval positioning groove 212. The motor 202 drives the feeding shaft 210 through the small sprocket 204, the chain 203, and the large sprocket 205, thereby driving the first slot disk 207 to rotate clockwise. After the walnuts are initially positioned by the oval positioning groove 212 and smoothed and adjusted by the rolling brush 209, they enter the ultrasonic vibration shelling mechanism 3;

[0070] In the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism 3, by utilizing the power transmission characteristics of the slip-ring stator 311 and the slip-ring rotor 312, each ultrasonic transducer 310 obtains electrical energy from the ultrasonic power supply 303 via an external electrical wire connected to the left circumference of the slip-ring rotor 312 and the left end face of the slip-ring stator 311; each electric push rod 309 obtains electrical energy and control signals from the control box 5 via an external electrical wire connected to the right circumference of the slip-ring rotor 312 and the right end face of the slip-ring stator 311, driving the electric push rod 313 to complete the telescopic movement at a specific moment, while causing the slip-ring rotor 312 to rotate clockwise at a certain speed and driving the various disks fixed thereto to rotate;

[0071] In the feeding mechanism 2, when the first clamping groove disc 207 rotates, the walnut in the elliptical positioning groove 212 on the peripheral surface thereof is positioned and adjusted in posture, and the longitudinal diameter direction is parallel to the extrusion direction of the electric push rod 313, and after being guided by the arc-shaped fork 318 on the second clamping groove disc 306 which rotates in cooperation, the walnut is clamped into the circular slot 317, and the two ends of the walnut are respectively abutted against the inner concave surface of the ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head 320 on the left ultrasonic transducer 310 and the electric push rod 313 on the right side, and the inner concave structure increases the contact area with the walnut, the inner concave surface of the ultrasonic energy concentrating extrusion head 320 is a compact stepped annular structure 323, the edge line is rich, the edge effect of ultrasonic vibration energy is considered, the ultrasonic energy is concentrated, and the energy loss is reduced, and the continuous hull breaking operation of the walnut is completed under the combined action of ultrasonic high frequency low amplitude vibration and clamping extrusion of the push rod, and the shell and kernel after hull breaking are discharged through the discharge plate 302.

[0072] The present application firstly performs profiling positioning according to the shape characteristics of the deep groove walnut, utilizes the characteristics of small ultrasonic vibration amplitude and high vibration frequency, is suitable for the breaking requirement of hard and brittle materials, combines the hard and brittle physical characteristics of the walnut shell which are significantly different from the walnut kernel, and performs ultrasonic vibration while extruding the walnut, so that the walnut shell is broken under the mechanical fatigue effect, the walnut kernel breakage rate is effectively reduced, the whole kernel rate is improved, and the hull breaking requirement of the deep groove walnut shell which is hard and has small kernel gap is met.

[0073] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0074] The above-described embodiments are only preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration, characterized in that: include Rack (1); A feeding mechanism (2) is fixedly arranged on the top of the frame (1), and is used to feed walnuts and perform posture adjustment and individual distribution on the walnuts; An ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame (1), and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is correspondingly arranged at the discharge end of the feeding mechanism (2). The ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is used to perform ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell-breaking on the walnuts after posture adjustment and individual distribution; A plurality of universal rollers (4) are fixedly arranged on the frame (1), and the universal rollers (4) are used to move the frame (1); A control box (5) is arranged on the frame (1), and the control box (5) is used to control and drive the feeding mechanism (2) and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3); The ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3) comprises a slip ring shaft (319), the slip ring shaft (319) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1), slip ring stators (311) are fixedly sleeved on both ends of the slip ring shaft (319), a slip ring rotor (312) is rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators (311), the slip ring rotor (312) is rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft (319), one end of the slip ring rotor (312) is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic vibration component, the other end of the slip ring rotor (312) is fixedly connected to an extrusion crushing component, a second positioning component is arranged between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion crushing component, and the second positioning component is fixedly connected to the slip ring rotor (312); The ultrasonic vibration component comprises an ultrasonic disc (304) and an ultrasonic hole disc (305), wherein the ultrasonic disc (304) and the ultrasonic hole disc (305) are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor (312), and a gap is left between the ultrasonic disc (304) and the ultrasonic hole disc (305). A plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc (304), and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the ultrasonic disc (304). The plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are electrically connected to an ultrasonic power supply (303) in common, and the ultrasonic power supply (303) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1). The transmitting end of the ultrasonic transducer (310) is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc (305) and faces the extrusion crushing component. The extrusion crushing assembly includes an electric push rod hole disk (307) and an electric push rod circular disk (308), wherein the electric push rod hole disk (307) and the electric push rod circular disk (308) are fixedly arranged at the other end of the slip ring rotor (312), a gap is left between the electric push rod hole disk (307) and the electric push rod circular disk (308), a plurality of electric push rods (309) are fixedly connected to the electric push rod circular disk (308), and the plurality of electric push rods (309) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the electric push rod circular disk (308), and the action end of the electric push rod (309) slides through the electric push rod hole disk (307) and faces the ultrasonic transducer (310); The ultrasonic transducer (310) includes a second cylinder (322), one end of which is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc (304), the other end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the first cylinder (321), the other end of which is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic energy-focusing extrusion head (320), the ultrasonic energy-focusing extrusion head (320) being fixedly connected to the ultrasonic hole disc (305) and facing the extrusion crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure (323) being provided inside the ultrasonic energy-focusing extrusion head (320).

2. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electric push rod (309) includes a push rod base (314), the push rod base (314) is fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc (308), an electric push rod (313) is fixedly connected to the push rod base (314), the electric push rod (313) is electrically connected to the control box (5), and the action end of the electric push rod (313) slides through the electric push rod hole disc (307) and faces the ultrasonic transducer (310).

3. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second positioning component includes a second slot disk (306), which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the slip ring rotor (312) and located between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion crushing component. The outer edge of the second slot disk (306) is provided with a plurality of circular slot openings (317), and the plurality of circular slot openings (317) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second slot disk (306). An arc-shaped shift fork (318) is provided in the circular slot opening (317).

4. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) comprises a hopper (201), the hopper (201) being fixed to the top of the frame (1) via two outer ear plates (213), the bottom end of the hopper (201) being fixedly connected to a rectangular outlet (215), a square notch (214) being provided on a side of the rectangular outlet (215) close to the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3), a roller brush baffle (208) being fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the hopper (201), a plurality of roller brushes (209) being provided below the lower end of the roller brush baffle (208), the roller brushes (209) being rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the hopper (201), a positioning component 1 being provided inside the rectangular outlet (215), the positioning component 1 being located below the plurality of roller brushes (209), the positioning component 1 being fixedly connected to the frame (1), the positioning component 1 being transmission-connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit being fixedly connected to the frame (1).

5. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The positioning assembly 1 includes two vertical seats (206), both of which are fixedly connected to the frame (1), and a feeding shaft (210) is connected to the two vertical seats (206) for common rotation. A first card slot disk (207) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the feeding shaft (210), and a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves (212) are provided on the edge of the first card slot disk (207). The plurality of elliptical positioning grooves (212) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first card slot disk (207), and annular grooves (211) are provided on both sides of the elliptical positioning grooves (212). A large sprocket (205) is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding shaft (210), and the large sprocket (205) is connected to the driving part in a transmission manner.

6. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a motor (202), the motor (202) is fixedly connected to the frame (1), the output shaft of the motor (202) is fixedly connected to a small sprocket (204), and the small sprocket (204) is transmission-connected to the large sprocket (205) via a chain (203).

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