A Dendrobium officinale concentrated powder, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of biomedical technologies, and discloses a concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. The preparation method includes soaking Dendrobium officinale in a bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent, followed by drying to obtain a pretreated material of Dendrobium officinale; drying Sophora alopecuroides and then pulverizing it, and then mixing it with the pretreated material of Dendrobium officinale and performing spray drying and concentration to obtain the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale; wherein, the preparation method of the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent includes: fermenting fresh bamboo leaves, and after the fermentation is completed, crushing and sieving the fermentation mixture to obtain the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent. The present invention significantly improves the extraction efficiency and biological activity of Dendrobium officinale by using fermentation technology, thereby improving its bioavailability. This process also enhances the health benefits such as antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of Dendrobium officinale. In addition, this technology is carried out under mild operating conditions, which not only protects the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale, but also reduces the dependence on chemical solvents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedical technology, and more particularly, to a concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Dendrobium officinale is a precious traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal value and health care functions. Traditionally, people use Dendrobium officinale by decocting or making tea, but these methods often fail to fully utilize its active ingredients. With the development of technology, people have begun to explore more efficient extraction and concentration methods in order to obtain higher-quality Dendrobium officinale products.

[0003] However, due to the relatively high content and complex distribution of the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale, existing extraction technologies often fail to achieve ideal results, and some sensitive components may be damaged during the extraction process. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an extraction and concentration method that can effectively retain the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof, aiming to provide a new method for extracting and concentrating Dendrobium officinale, so as to maximize the retention of the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale while reducing the damage to sensitive components.

[0005] The present invention provides a preparation method of a concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, comprising:

[0006] Soaking Dendrobium officinale in a bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent, followed by drying to obtain a pre-treated material of Dendrobium officinale; drying Sophora alopecuroides and then pulverizing it, and then mixing it with the pre-treated material of Dendrobium officinale and performing spray drying and concentration to obtain the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale;

[0007] Wherein, the preparation method of the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent comprises: fermenting fresh bamboo leaves, and after fermentation is completed, crushing and sieving the fermentation mixture to obtain the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent further comprises:

[0009] Drying fresh bamboo leaves at 45 ± 5 °C until the moisture content of the fresh bamboo leaves drops below 10% to obtain dried bamboo leaves;

[0010] After pulverizing the dried bamboo leaves into bamboo leaf powder with a particle size of 50 - 100 nm, mixing the bamboo leaf powder, water, and chitosan to obtain a nano-suspension;

[0011] Fermenting the nano-suspension with microorganisms, and after fermentation is completed, crushing and sieving the fermentation mixture to obtain the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent.

[0012] Preferably, the microorganism is lactic acid bacteria.

[0013] Preferably, the Dendrobium officinale is fresh Dendrobium officinale.

[0014] Preferably, when the Dendrobium officinale is soaked in the bamboo leaf base assistant and then dried, it includes:

[0015] Soak the Dendrobium officinale in the fermented bamboo leaf extract, and after the soaking is completed, dry the Dendrobium officinale to obtain the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material.

[0016] Preferably, when drying the Dendrobium officinale after the soaking is completed, the drying temperature does not exceed 40°C and the drying time does not exceed 12 hours.

[0017] Preferably, before drying and pulverizing the Sophora alopecuroides, it includes:

[0018] First, peel the Sophora alopecuroides, steam the peeled Sophora alopecuroides, and then dry it after the steaming treatment is completed;

[0019] The drying temperature of the Sophora alopecuroides is 55±5°C and the drying time is 12±2 hours.

[0020] Preferably, the mass fraction ratio of the dried Sophora alopecuroides to the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material is 1:6 - 7.

[0021] The present invention also provides a concentrated Dendrobium officinale powder, which is obtained according to the above preparation method.

[0022] The present invention also provides an application of the above concentrated Dendrobium officinale powder in the preparation of antioxidant and / or immune enhancing products.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. Improve the extraction efficiency of active ingredients

[0025] Fermentation enhances the extraction rate: Compared with traditional methods such as hot water extraction and alcohol extraction, the fermentation process can utilize the metabolic action of microorganisms to promote the degradation, transformation, and release of active ingredients (such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, cyclopeptides, etc.) in Dendrobium officinale. The enzymes secreted by microorganisms can break the cell wall, making the active ingredients inside the plant more easily soluble and extractable, greatly improving the extraction efficiency.

[0026] Low-temperature extraction protects active ingredients: The fermentation process is usually carried out under mild conditions, avoiding thermal degradation of active ingredients at high temperatures, and can maximize the retention of bioactive ingredients in Dendrobium officinale, especially polysaccharides and flavonoid compounds.

[0027] 2. Enhance the biological activity of Dendrobium officinale

[0028] Microbial transformation to generate new bioactive substances: During the fermentation process, the metabolic activities of microorganisms can not only degrade macromolecular substances in Dendrobium officinale, but also synthesize new secondary metabolites, which may have stronger biological activities than the original components, such as enhancing immunity, antioxidation, anti-tumor effects, etc.

[0029] Transformation of polysaccharides and phenolic substances: Fermentation can promote the transformation of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds in Dendrobium officinale into smaller molecules with higher activities. These substances have stronger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects than the unfermented components, and have better health care effects.

[0030] 3. Enhancing the bioavailability of Dendrobium officinale

[0031] Cell wall disruption and release of active ingredients: The dense structure of the cell wall of Dendrobium officinale makes it difficult to completely extract the active ingredients. Through the fermentation process, the enzyme activity of microorganisms can effectively degrade the cell wall, improving the bioavailability of the active ingredients. In addition, the enzymes secreted by microorganisms during the fermentation process can also promote the release of active ingredients through dissolution and diffusion, improve their solubility in aqueous solutions, and thus enhance their bioavailability.

[0032] 4. Without high temperature and high pressure conditions, reducing the destruction of nutrients

[0033] Operation under mild conditions: Compared with traditional high-temperature extraction methods, the fermentation process is carried out at room temperature or low temperature, avoiding the destruction of active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale by high temperature, especially providing significant protection for heat-sensitive polysaccharides and flavonoids. This enables the fermentation extract to better retain the original nutritional components and pharmacological effects.

[0034] 5. Improving the stability of the extract

[0035] Antioxidant environment enhancing stability: During the fermentation process, substances such as lactic acid produced by microbial metabolism can maintain the acidic environment of the solution, reducing the occurrence of oxidation reactions. This environment helps to stabilize the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale, prevent their degradation during storage, and extend the shelf life of the product.

[0036] Synergistic effect of active ingredients: The new substances generated by microbial fermentation and the components in traditional Dendrobium officinale act together to produce a synergistic effect, making the biological activity of the final extract more persistent and stable.

[0037] 6. Green and environmentally friendly, reducing the dependence on organic solvents

[0038] Reducing the use of chemical solvents: Traditional extraction methods often rely on organic solvents (such as ethanol, methanol, etc.) for extraction, which poses risks of solvent residue and environmental pollution. By adopting fermentation technology, the dependence on organic solvents can be reduced, and water or other green solvents can be used, conforming to the trend of modern green chemistry and having higher environmental friendliness and safety.

[0039] 7. Strong controllability and adjustable process

[0040] Synergistic effect with accessories such as Sophora alopecuroides: During the fermentation process, combining accessories such as Sophora alopecuroides can produce additional synergistic effects and improve the overall effect of Dendrobium officinale. This process optimization enables the product to have better pertinence and effect in different application scenarios.

[0041] In summary, this method effectively improves the extraction efficiency and biological activity of Dendrobium officinale through fermentation technology, improves its bioavailability, enhances its health functions such as antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects, and operates under mild conditions. It can not only protect the active ingredients in Dendrobium officinale but also reduce the dependence on chemical solvents, having significant environmental protection and sustainability advantages. The Dendrobium officinale extract obtained by this method can have higher added value and application potential in the market. Description of the drawings

[0042] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered as a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 One of the safety test results of the Dendrobium officinale concentrated powder in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Another safety test result of the Dendrobium officinale concentrated powder in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] I. Preparation of Bamboo Leaf-based Auxiliary Agent

[0048] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0049] Select fresh and pollution-free bamboo leaves, requiring uniform thickness and water content below 50%.

[0050] Source of bamboo leaves: The selected bamboo species is Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens.

[0051] 2. Cleaning and drying of bamboo leaves:

[0052] Cleaning: Immerse the bamboo leaves in clean water and wash them with running water for 10 minutes to ensure that there is no dust and chemical residue on the surface.

[0053] Drying: Use a low-temperature drying equipment, control the temperature at 45±2°C for drying, and the drying time is about 12 hours until the water content of the bamboo leaves drops below 10%.

[0054] 3. Nanotechnology treatment of bamboo leaves:

[0055] Nanometer pulverization: Use a ball mill to pulverize the bamboo leaves into nanometer-sized particles, with a target particle size of 50-100 nm. The processing equipment used is an ultra-fine air-flow pulverizer, and the processing time is controlled within 2 hours.

[0056] Preparation of nano-treatment liquid: Mix the pulverized bamboo leaf powder with an appropriate amount of deionized water, add chitosan to form a stable 1% nano-suspension.

[0057] 4. Fermentation treatment of bamboo leaves:

[0058] Fermentation liquid preparation: Use 1×10 8 CFU / mL lactic acid bacteria for fermentation. Selecting lactic acid bacteria fermentation can improve the biological activity of flavonoids and phenolic substances in bamboo leaves.

[0059] Fermentation process: Mix the nano-treatment liquid with the fermentation liquid, keep the fermentation temperature at 34±1°C, and control the pH value between 4.5-5.5. The fermentation time is 48 hours.

[0060] Treatment after fermentation: After fermentation is completed, crush the fermentation mixture, then filter it through a 120-200 mesh sieve to remove residues, and obtain the fermented bamboo leaf extract. The concentration of the extract is controlled at 3% (dry weight ratio) for subsequent use.

[0061] II. Pretreatment of Fresh Dendrobium officinale with Bamboo Leaf-based Auxiliary Agent

[0062] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0063] Select fresh Dendrobium officinale, requiring high freshness, firm texture, and no pests and diseases after picking.

[0064] Cleaning: Thoroughly clean Dendrobium officinale with running water to remove the soil and impurities on the surface. It is recommended to use a weakly acidic solution (pH 5 - 6) for cleaning to avoid damaging the active ingredients.

[0065] 2. Soaking treatment:

[0066] Preparation of bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent solution: Dilute the fermented bamboo leaf extract with water in a ratio of 1:1 to obtain the soaking solution.

[0067] Soaking conditions: Immerse the cleaned Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent solution for 5 hours, and control the temperature at 28 ± 2°C. Through soaking, the natural active substances in the bamboo leaves can promote the release of the nutritional components of Dendrobium officinale and improve its antioxidant and immune regulation functions.

[0068] 3. Post-treatment:

[0069] After soaking, take out the Dendrobium officinale and conduct mild drying treatment at a temperature not exceeding 40°C to avoid the loss of active ingredients. Control the drying time within 12 hours.

[0070] III. Processing of Sophora alopecuroides

[0071] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0072] Select fresh Sophora alopecuroides without pests and diseases, with a moisture content lower than 12%.

[0073] 2. Cleaning and peeling:

[0074] Soak Sophora alopecuroides in water for 30 minutes for cleaning to remove the surface impurities.

[0075] Conduct peeling treatment on Sophora alopecuroides to reduce the bitterness.

[0076] 3. Steaming:

[0077] Use a steamer to steam Sophora alopecuroides for 30 minutes, and control the steam temperature at 95 - 100°C, aiming to remove the bitter components and retain its nutritional components.

[0078] 4. Drying and grinding:

[0079] The steamed Sophora alopecuroides needs to be quickly dried using a low-temperature drying equipment (temperature controlled at 55 ± 2°C), and the drying time is 12 hours to ensure that its nutritional components do not flow away.

[0080] Grinding: Grind the dried Sophora alopecuroides, and control the particle size of the final powder at 60 - 80 mesh to ensure that the particles are uniform and delicate.

[0081] IV. Mixing the processed Sophora alopecuroides and Dendrobium officinale to prepare concentrated powder

[0082] 1. Mixing:

[0083] Mix the Dendrobium officinale powder and Sophora alopecuroides powder treated with bamboo leaf-based auxiliaries according to a mass ratio of 6:1. Ensure uniform mixing through equipment such as vibrating screens and mixers.

[0084] 2. Concentration:

[0085] Carry out concentration treatment using spray drying technology. The inlet temperature of spray drying is set at 160 °C, and the outlet temperature is controlled at 75 ± 3 °C to maintain the active ingredients of the product.

[0086] Use moisture-proof and light-proof materials for packaging, and the packaging method is vacuum packaging to ensure the long-term stability of the concentrated powder.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] I. Preparation of Bamboo Leaf-Based Auxiliaries

[0089] 1. Raw Material Preparation:

[0090] Select fresh and pollution-free bamboo leaves, requiring uniform thickness and moisture content below 50%.

[0091] Source of bamboo leaves: The selected bamboo species is Phyllostachys edulis.

[0092] 2. Bamboo Leaf Cleaning and Drying:

[0093] Cleaning: Immerse the bamboo leaves in clean water and wash them with running water for 115 minutes to ensure no dust and chemical residues on the surface.

[0094] Drying: Use low-temperature drying equipment, control the temperature at 43 ± 2 °C for drying, and the drying time is about 13 hours until the moisture content of the bamboo leaves drops below 10%.

[0095] 3. Bamboo Leaf Nanotechnology Treatment:

[0096] Nanometer pulverization: Use a ball mill to pulverize the bamboo leaves into nanoscale particles, with a target particle size of 50 - 100 nm. The processing equipment used is an ultra-fine air-flow pulverizer, and the processing time is controlled within 2 hours.

[0097] Preparation of nanometer treatment liquid: Mix the pulverized bamboo leaf powder with an appropriate amount of deionized water, add chitosan to form a stable 1% nanosuspension.

[0098] 4. Bamboo Leaf Fermentation Treatment:

[0099] Fermentation liquid preparation: Ferment using 1×10 8 CFU / mL lactic acid bacteria. Selecting lactic acid bacteria fermentation can improve the biological activity of flavonoids and phenolic substances in bamboo leaves.

[0100] Fermentation process: Mix the nano-treatment solution with the fermentation broth. Keep the fermentation temperature at 32 ± 1 °C and control the pH value between 4.5 - 5.5. The fermentation time is 50 hours.

[0101] Treatment after fermentation: After fermentation is completed, crush the fermentation mixture and then filter it through a 120 - 200 mesh sieve to remove residues, obtaining the fermented bamboo leaf extract. The concentration of the extract should be controlled at 4% (dry weight ratio) for subsequent use.

[0102] II. Pretreatment of fresh Dendrobium officinale with bamboo leaf-based auxiliaries

[0103] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0104] Select fresh Dendrobium officinale with high freshness, firm texture, and no pests or diseases after picking.

[0105] Cleaning: Thoroughly clean Dendrobium officinale with running water to remove surface soil and impurities. It is recommended to use a weakly acidic solution (pH 5 - 6) for cleaning to avoid damaging the active ingredients.

[0106] 2. Soaking treatment:

[0107] Preparation of bamboo leaf-based auxiliary solution: Dilute the fermented bamboo leaf extract with water at a ratio of 1:1 to obtain the soaking solution.

[0108] Soaking conditions: Immerse the cleaned Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary solution for 6 hours, and control the temperature at 25 ± 2 °C. Through soaking, the natural active substances in bamboo leaves can promote the release of nutrients in Dendrobium officinale and improve its antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions.

[0109] 3. Post-treatment:

[0110] After soaking, take out Dendrobium officinale and conduct mild drying treatment at a temperature not exceeding 40 °C to avoid loss of active ingredients. Control the drying time within 12 hours.

[0111] III. Processing of Sophora alopecuroides

[0112] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0113] Select fresh Sophora alopecuroides without pests or diseases, with a moisture content lower than 12%.

[0114] 2. Cleaning and peeling:

[0115] Soak Sophora alopecuroides in water for 30 minutes for cleaning to remove surface impurities.

[0116] Peel Sophora alopecuroides to reduce bitterness.

[0117] 3. Steaming:

[0118] Steam the Sophora alopecuroides using a steaming pot for 30 minutes, and control the steam temperature at 95 - 100 °C, aiming to remove the bitter components and retain its nutritional components.

[0119] 4. Drying and pulverizing:

[0120] The steamed Sophora alopecuroides needs to be quickly dried using low - temperature drying equipment (temperature controlled at 55 ± 2 °C), and the drying time is 12 hours to ensure that its nutritional components do not lose.

[0121] Pulverizing: Pulverize the dried Sophora alopecuroides, and control the particle size of the final powder at 60 - 80 mesh to ensure that the particles are uniform and delicate.

[0122] IV. Mix the processed Sophora alopecuroides and Dendrobium officinale to prepare concentrated powder

[0123] 1. Mixing:

[0124] Mix the Dendrobium officinale powder and Sophora alopecuroides powder treated with bamboo leaf - based auxiliary agent according to a mass ratio of 7:1. Ensure uniform mixing through equipment such as vibrating sieves and mixers.

[0125] 2. Concentration:

[0126] Use spray - drying technology for concentration treatment. Set the inlet temperature of spray - drying at 160 °C, and control the outlet temperature at 73 ± 3 °C to maintain the active ingredients of the product.

[0127] Use moisture - proof and light - proof materials for packaging, and the packaging method is vacuum packaging to ensure the long - term stability of the concentrated powder.

[0128] Example 3

[0129] I. Preparation of bamboo leaf - based auxiliary agent

[0130] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0131] Select fresh and pollution - free bamboo leaves, requiring uniform thickness of the bamboo leaves and a moisture content of less than 50%.

[0132] Source of bamboo leaves: The selected bamboo species is Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens.

[0133] 2. Bamboo leaf cleaning and drying:

[0134] Cleaning: Immerse the bamboo leaves in clean water and wash them with running water for 10 minutes to ensure that there is no dust and chemical residue on the surface.

[0135] Drying: Use low - temperature drying equipment, control the temperature at 44 ± 2 °C for drying, and the drying time is about 12 hours until the moisture content of the bamboo leaves drops below 10%.

[0136] 3. Bamboo leaf nanotechnology treatment:

[0137] Nano - pulverization: Use a ball mill to pulverize bamboo leaves into nano - sized particles, with a target particle size of 50 - 100 nm. The processing equipment used is an ultra - fine air - flow pulverizer or a ball mill, and the processing time is controlled within 2 hours.

[0138] Preparation of nano - treatment liquid: Mix the pulverized bamboo leaf powder with an appropriate amount of deionized water, and add chitosan to form a stable nano - suspension with a concentration of 1%.

[0139] 4. Fermentation treatment of bamboo leaves:

[0140] Fermentation broth preparation: Ferment using beneficial microorganisms (such as lactic acid bacteria or yeast). Selecting lactic acid bacteria fermentation can improve the biological activities of flavonoids and phenolic substances in bamboo leaves.

[0141] Fermentation process: Mix the nano - treatment liquid with the fermentation broth, keep the fermentation temperature at 33 ± 2 °C, and control the pH value between 4.5 - 5.5. The fermentation time is 60 hours.

[0142] Post - treatment after fermentation: After fermentation is completed, crush the fermentation mixture, and then filter it through a 120 - 200 - mesh sieve to remove residues, obtaining a fermented bamboo leaf extract. The concentration of the extract should be controlled at 5% (dry weight ratio) for subsequent use.

[0143] II. Pretreatment of fresh Dendrobium officinale using bamboo leaf - based additives

[0144] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0145] Select fresh Dendrobium officinale with high freshness, firm texture, and no pests or diseases after picking.

[0146] Cleaning: Thoroughly clean Dendrobium officinale with running water to remove surface soil and impurities. It is recommended to use a weakly acidic solution (pH 5 - 6) for cleaning to avoid damaging the active ingredients.

[0147] 2. Soaking treatment:

[0148] Preparation of bamboo leaf - based additive solution: Dilute the fermented bamboo leaf extract with water at a ratio of 1:1 to prepare a soaking solution.

[0149] Soaking conditions: Soak the cleaned Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf - based additive solution for 4 - 6 hours, and control the temperature at 25 ± 2 °C. Through soaking, the natural active substances in bamboo leaves can promote the release of nutrients in Dendrobium officinale and improve its antioxidant and immune - regulating functions.

[0150] 3. Post - treatment:

[0151] After soaking, take out the Dendrobium officinale and dry it slightly at a temperature not exceeding 40°C to avoid loss of active ingredients. The drying time should be controlled within 12 hours.

[0152] 3. Processing of Sophora alopecuroides

[0153] 1. Raw material preparation:

[0154] Choose fresh bitter beans free of pests and diseases, with a moisture content of less than 12%.

[0155] 2. Cleaning and peeling:

[0156] Soak the bitter beans in water for 30 minutes, wash them and remove surface impurities.

[0157] The bitter beans are peeled to reduce the bitter taste. The outer skin can be removed mechanically or using appropriate enzymatic methods to reduce the astringency.

[0158] 3. Steaming:

[0159] The bitter beans are steamed in a steamer for 30 minutes with the steam temperature controlled at 95-100°C, in order to remove the bitter components and retain the nutrients.

[0160] 4. Drying and crushing:

[0161] After cooking, bitter beans need to be dried quickly using low-temperature drying equipment (temperature controlled at 55±2℃) for 12 hours to ensure that their nutrients are not lost.

[0162] Crushing: The dried bitter beans are crushed, and the particle size of the final powder is controlled at 60-80 mesh to ensure uniform and fine particles.

[0163] 4. Mixing the processed bitter beans and Dendrobium candidum to prepare concentrated powder

[0164] 1. Mixing:

[0165] The Dendrobium officinale powder and the Sophora alopecuroides powder treated with bamboo leaf-based additives were mixed in a mass ratio of 6.5:1, and the mixing was ensured to be uniform by using a vibrating screen, a mixer and other equipment.

[0166] 2. Concentration:

[0167] The spray drying technology is used for concentration. The inlet temperature of the spray drying is set at 160°C and the outlet temperature is controlled at 76±2°C to maintain the active ingredients of the product.

[0168] The packaging is moisture-proof and light-proof materials, and the packaging method is vacuum packaging to ensure the long-term stability of the concentrated powder.

[0169] Comparative Example 1

[0170] Compared with Example 1, the only difference in Comparative Example 1 is that the bamboo leaf base additive is not used.

[0171] Comparative Example 2

[0172] Compared with Example 1, the only difference in Comparative Example 2 is that dried Dendrobium officinale is directly used.

[0173] Comparative Example 3

[0174] Compared with Example 1, the only difference in the comparative example is that Sophora alopecuroides is not added.

[0175] Test Example 1

[0176] Perform performance tests on the concentrated powders obtained from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0177] I. Test indicators and methods

[0178] 1. Antioxidant capacity test

[0179] Test method: The DPPH free radical scavenging ability assay method is adopted.

[0180] Test parameters: The sample concentration is 1 mg / mL, measure the change in absorbance (OD value) and calculate the free radical scavenging rate (%).

[0181] Formula: Scavenging rate (%) = (A0 - A1) / A0 × 100%;

[0182] Among them, A0 is the absorbance of the blank control, and A1 is the absorbance after the sample reaction.

[0183] 2. Immune enhancement effect test

[0184] Test method: Through an in vitro mouse splenocyte proliferation experiment, the MTT method is used to determine the proliferation rate.

[0185] Test parameters: The sample concentration is 10 μg / mL, and the OD570 value is recorded.

[0186] Formula: Proliferation rate (%) = (OD experimental group - OD blank group) / OD blank group × 100%.

[0187] 3. Polysaccharide content determination

[0188] Test method: The phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method is used to determine the polysaccharide content of the sample.

[0189] Test parameters: Glucose is used as the standard, a standard curve is drawn, and the polysaccharide content (mg / g) in the sample is calculated.

[0190] II. Test process

[0191] Sample preparation: Samples of each group were dissolved in distilled water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 1 mg / mL. Each test was repeated 3 times, and the average value was taken.

[0192] Data recording: Record the DPPH scavenging rate, splenocyte proliferation rate, and polysaccharide content of samples in each group. All experiments were strictly controlled for environmental conditions (temperature 25°C, humidity 50%).

[0193] III. Test Results

[0194] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0195] Table 1

[0196]

[0197] As can be seen from Table 1, the antioxidant capacity, immune enhancement effect, and polysaccharide content of Examples 1 - 3 are all higher than those of Comparative Examples 1 - 3. This indicates that during the preparation process of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, the use of bamboo leaf-based auxiliaries and Sophora alopecuroides can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity and immune enhancement effect of the product, while increasing the polysaccharide content. In Comparative Example 1, no bamboo leaf-based auxiliaries were used, and its various indicators were lower than those of Example 1, indicating that bamboo leaf-based auxiliaries have a positive effect on improving the performance of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale. In Comparative Example 2, dried Dendrobium officinale was directly used without a specific treatment process, and its performance indicators were also lower than those of Example 1, which may be because the specific treatment process helps to extract and retain more active ingredients. In Comparative Example 3, no Sophora alopecuroides was added, and its performance indicators were the lowest, indicating that Sophora alopecuroides also plays an auxiliary role in improving the performance of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale. Therefore, considering comprehensively, the preparation method of Example 1 is the most ideal and can obtain the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale with the best performance.

[0198] IV. Safety Detection

[0199] The safety of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale in Example 1 was detected, and the detection results are as Figure 1-2 shown. According to Figure 1-2 the data shown:

[0200] In terms of moisture content, the moisture content in the product is 6.05%, which fully meets the requirement of the upper limit of moisture content R ≤ 7.0% specified in the relevant standards.

[0201] Regarding the sulfur dioxide residue, the detection results show that its residue is less than 0.01 g / kg, which meets the strict requirement of not being detected specified in the standard.

[0202] In terms of heavy metal content, the contents of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead in the product are 0.150 mg / kg, 0.0858 mg / kg, less than 0.003 mg / kg, and 0.114 mg / kg respectively, all of which are lower than the corresponding limit requirements.

[0203] The detection of pesticide residues shows that the residues of jinggangmycin, thifluzamide, dimethomorph, difenoconazole, metalaxyl-M, imidacloprid, prochloraz and manganese salt of prochloraz are all within the range permitted by the standards.

[0204] In terms of microbiological indicators, the test results of the product show that the total coliforms, molds and total number of colonies do not exceed the specified limit requirements, and Salmonella is not detected.

[0205] Regarding the net content deviation, the net content deviation shown by the product is 0 g, which meets the strict standard that the net content deviation specified in the standard shall not be less than -0.18 g.

[0206] In the detection of other residues, the residues of oxine copper and metaldehyde are both lower than the limit requirements, indicating that the product also meets the safety standards in this regard.

[0207] Finally, in terms of sensory evaluation, the color, smell and taste, texture, impurities, etc. of the product all meet the requirements of relevant standards, indicating that the overall quality of the product is guaranteed.

[0208] V. Principle Mechanism

[0209] From a microscopic perspective, the principles of the fermentation and extraction method of Dendrobium officinale mainly involve multiple processes such as biochemical transformation, cell wall breaking, dissolution and diffusion, and molecular stabilization. Through the synergistic action of microorganisms and physical and chemical means, these processes maximize the release of the active ingredients of Dendrobium officinale and enhance their biological activities. The following is a specific principle analysis:

[0210] 1. Biochemical Transformation of Microbial Fermentation

[0211] During the fermentation process, the added microorganisms (lactic acid bacteria) degrade, transform and activate the macromolecular substances (such as polysaccharides, proteins and phenols) in Dendrobium officinale through their metabolic activities, generating more active secondary metabolites:

[0212] Polysaccharide Degradation: The enzymes secreted by microorganisms can degrade the macromolecular polysaccharides in Dendrobium officinale into oligosaccharides or oligomers. These oligosaccharides have higher water solubility and bioavailability and are easily absorbed by the human body.

[0213] Phenol Transformation: The metabolic action of microorganisms can transform phenolic compounds into small molecule phenols, increasing their antioxidant capacity.

[0214] Generation of Secondary Metabolites: Microbial fermentation can also synthesize metabolites such as lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids, which have additional immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.

[0215] 2. Cell Wall Breaking and Component Release

[0216] The cell wall of Dendrobium officinale is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, with a dense structure and difficult to be destroyed, which limits the release of active ingredients:

[0217] Physical effects: Physical means such as ultrasonic waves and mechanical crushing can directly break the cell wall and release the active ingredients inside the cells.

[0218] Enzymatic cell wall breaking: During the fermentation process, cellulase and xylanase secreted by microorganisms can degrade cellulose and hemicellulose in the plant cell wall, further releasing flavonoids, polysaccharides and cyclopeptide components inside the cells.

[0219] Solution osmosis: The acidic environment of the fermentation broth (such as metabolic products like lactic acid) can dissolve some cell wall components and accelerate the diffusion of active ingredients into the liquid phase.

[0220] 3. Dissolution and diffusion mechanism

[0221] During the fermentation and extraction processes, the dissolution and diffusion of active ingredients are affected by physical and chemical conditions such as solvents, temperature, stirring, etc.:

[0222] Diffusion kinetics: After cell wall breaking, the intracellular active ingredients diffuse outwards under the drive of the concentration gradient, and appropriate stirring can accelerate this process.

[0223] 4. Molecular stabilization and synergistic effect

[0224] During the extraction and subsequent processing, some active ingredients may degrade due to the external environment. Molecular stabilization is achieved through the following mechanisms:

[0225] Antioxidant environment: Secondary metabolites in the fermentation broth (such as lactic acid) can reduce the redox potential of the solution and inhibit the oxidative degradation of target components.

[0226] Protective effect of polysaccharides: Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides form a protective layer in the solution, which can stabilize phenolic and flavonoid substances and delay their degradation.

[0227] Synergistic effect: The combination of Dendrobium officinale and Sophora alopecuroides components produces a synergistic effect. For example, some alkaloids in Sophora alopecuroides can enhance the antioxidant ability of flavonoids in Dendrobium officinale, thus enhancing the overall biological effect.

[0228] 5. Principle of the auxiliary effect of Sophora alopecuroides

[0229] Trace alkaloids and other active ingredients contained in Sophora alopecuroides can enhance the effect of Dendrobium officinale through the following mechanisms:

[0230] Promote absorption: Some active ingredients in Sophora alopecuroides can improve the gastrointestinal environment and promote the absorption of polysaccharides and flavonoid components in Dendrobium officinale.

[0231] Enhanced anti - inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects: The alkaloids in Sophora alopecuroides L. and polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo act synergistically to further enhance the activity of immune cells and the anti - inflammatory effect.

[0232] Summary: From a microscopic perspective, this method utilizes multiple mechanisms such as microbial metabolic transformation, cell wall disruption, and stabilization of active ingredients to convert the large - molecule complex components in Dendrobium officinale into small - molecule active substances that are more easily absorbed, significantly enhancing its biological activity. At the same time, through the synergistic effect with Sophora alopecuroides L., the overall function is further enhanced. The optimization of these microscopic mechanisms is the scientific basis for this technology to improve the biological effects of Dendrobium officinale.

[0233] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification or equivalent substitution that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of Dendrobium officinale concentrated powder, characterized in that, Including: After soaking Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent, it is dried to obtain the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material; Sophora alopecuroides is dried, pulverized, and then mixed with the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material and spray-dried and concentrated to obtain the concentrated Dendrobium officinale powder; Among them, the preparation method of the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent includes: fermenting fresh bamboo leaves, and after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation mixture is crushed and sieved to obtain the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent; The preparation method of the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent further includes: Drying the fresh bamboo leaves at 45±5°C until the moisture content of the fresh bamboo leaves drops below 10% to obtain dried bamboo leaves; After pulverizing the dried bamboo leaves into bamboo leaf powder with a particle size of 50-100 nm, the bamboo leaf powder, water, and chitosan are mixed to obtain a nano-suspension; Fermenting the nano-suspension with microorganisms, and after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation mixture is crushed and sieved to obtain the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent; the microorganism is lactic acid bacteria; The mass fraction ratio of the dried Sophora alopecuroides to the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material is 1:6-7.

2. The preparation method of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that The Dendrobium officinale is fresh Dendrobium officinale.

3. The preparation method of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 2, characterized in that, When drying after soaking Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent, it includes: Soaking Dendrobium officinale in the bamboo leaf-based auxiliary agent, and after the soaking is completed, drying Dendrobium officinale to obtain the pretreated Dendrobium officinale material.

4. The preparation method of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 3, wherein When drying Dendrobium officinale after the soaking is completed, the drying temperature does not exceed 40°C, and the drying time does not exceed 12 hours.

5. The preparation method of the concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before drying and pulverizing Sophora alopecuroides, it includes: First, peeling Sophora alopecuroides, steaming the peeled Sophora alopecuroides, and then drying after the steaming treatment is completed; The drying temperature of the Sophora alopecuroides is 55±5°C, and the drying time is 12±2 hours.

6. A concentrated powder of Dendrobium officinale, characterized in that, The concentrated Dendrobium officinale powder Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. Use of the concentrated Dendrobium officinale powder according to claim 6 in the preparation of antioxidant and / or immune-enhancing products.

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