Impregnation equipment and methods for fixed-bed catalysts

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of catalyst preparation, and discloses an impregnation apparatus and method for a fixed-bed catalyst. The impregnation apparatus includes a first container, a second container, a filter element, a support, and a drive mechanism. The first container includes a first cavity for accommodating a catalyst support and two first openings communicating with the first cavity, the two first openings being arranged opposite each other along a first direction of the first container. The second container includes a second cavity for accommodating an impregnation liquid and a second opening communicating with the second cavity, the two second containers being detachably connected to the two first openings respectively through the second openings. The filter element is disposed on the communication path between the first and second openings, configured to allow the impregnation liquid to pass through while preventing the catalyst support from passing through. The support is used to suspend and support the first container, allowing the first container to rotate about an axis extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The drive mechanism is used to drive the first container to rotate, thereby achieving alternating upright and inverted positions of the two second containers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of catalyst preparation technology, and more specifically to impregnation equipment and methods for fixed-bed catalysts. Background Technology

[0002] Impregnation is a crucial step in the preparation of chemical catalysts. Fixed-bed catalyst impregnation processes commonly employ a double-cone mixer, specifically, where the impregnation solution flows into a 360° rotating double-cone container and mixes with the catalyst carrier to achieve impregnation. For example, the impregnator for preparing a mercury-free acetylene hydrochlorination catalyst proposed in patent CN201811385960 is based on a double-cone mixer design.

[0003] The art has studied the methods by which liquid raw materials enter a double cone mixer. Patent CN209254783U proposes a double cone mixer with a perforated tubular spray pipe inside. In this technical solution, the spray pipe extending along the rotation axis of the double cone disperses the liquid raw material in droplets on the surface of the solid raw material and is absorbed by the solid raw material, thereby enhancing the uniformity of solid-liquid contact.

[0004] Different types of tilting impregnation equipment have also been developed in this field. Patent CN201620493895 discloses a vertical rotary drum type tilting catalyst impregnation machine, which has an inlet and an outlet on its drum body. The impregnation liquid enters through the inlet, comes into contact with the catalyst carrier, and then exits through the outlet. This equipment is similar to a double cone mixer, and can tilt up and down to ensure that the catalyst carrier and the impregnation liquid are fully mixed, resulting in good impregnation uniformity.

[0005] Different forms of rotating devices have also been developed in this field. Patent CN202022727634 discloses a self-rotating catalyst impregnation device. The catalyst carrier is filled in an impregnation basket and placed in a rotatable impregnation tank. This device is suitable for over-impregnation, and the impregnation liquid is easy to separate from the carrier.

[0006] However, some catalyst impregnation processes require equal impregnation volumes and demand high precision in the collection of impregnation solution components. During the impregnation process, if some catalyst support is immersed in the impregnation solution for too long, it can clog the catalyst's micropores, thus affecting catalyst performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of uneven impregnation of catalyst carriers, the impact on catalyst performance caused by excessive impregnation liquid on the carrier, and the loss of impregnation components in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an impregnation apparatus for a fixed-bed catalyst, comprising:

[0009] A first container, the interior of which defines a first cavity for accommodating a catalyst support, and the first container having two first openings communicating with the first cavity, the two first openings being arranged opposite each other along a first direction of the first container;

[0010] Two second containers, each having an interior cavity for containing an impregnation liquid, and each having a second opening communicating with the second cavity; the two second containers are detachably connected to the two first openings respectively through the second opening.

[0011] A filter element is disposed on the communication path between the first opening and the second opening, and the filter element is configured to allow the impregnation liquid to pass through while preventing the catalyst carrier from passing through;

[0012] A support for suspending and supporting the first container to allow the first container to rotate about an axis extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and

[0013] A drive mechanism is provided to drive the first container to rotate, thereby enabling the two second containers to alternately be upright and inverted.

[0014] Optionally, the first container is a cylinder, the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the two first openings are disposed at both axial ends of the first container.

[0015] Optionally, the second container is a cone shape, the second cavity is a cone-shaped cavity, and the diameter of the second cavity decreases towards the second opening.

[0016] Optionally, the first opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the first opening is 0.8-1.0 times the diameter of the first cavity.

[0017] Optionally, the second opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the second opening is 0.8-1.0 times the minimum diameter of the second cavity.

[0018] Optionally, the first container is provided with an observation window, and / or the filtering component is a filter membrane or a filter screen.

[0019] Optionally, the first opening and the second opening are detachably connected by a threaded connection structure, wherein the first opening has an internal thread and the second opening has an external thread adapted to the internal thread.

[0020] Optionally, the first container is fixedly connected to two rotating shafts on both sides along the second direction, the bracket includes two support parts arranged opposite to each other along the second direction, each support part has a mounting position at its top for the rotating shaft to be rotatably mounted, and the drive mechanism is configured to drive the two rotating shafts to rotate.

[0021] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a motor and a transmission component connected between the motor and the rotating shaft.

[0022] Another aspect of the present invention provides an impregnation method for a fixed-bed catalyst, using the aforementioned fixed-bed catalyst impregnation equipment, the impregnation method comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. A catalyst carrier is loaded into the first container, an impregnation solution is loaded into one of the second containers, and the two second containers are connected to the first container.

[0024] S2. Drive the first container to rotate until the impregnation liquid is absorbed by the catalyst carrier, and then rotate for a predetermined time.

[0025] S3. Disconnect the second container from the first container and unload the catalyst carrier.

[0026] Optionally, the catalyst support occupies 70% to 80% of the volume of the first cavity.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, the fixed-bed catalyst impregnation device of the present invention, when in use, loads a catalyst carrier into the first cavity of a first container, loads an impregnation liquid into the second cavity of at least one second container, connects the second container to the first container, and drives the first container to rotate together with the two second containers around an axis extending in the second direction by a drive mechanism. During the rotation, the two second containers will periodically be upright or inverted. The impregnation liquid will flow from the inverted second container into the first container and pass through the catalyst carrier into the upright second container. Thus, the impregnation liquid flows back and forth between the three containers, making full and uniform contact with the catalyst carrier, so that the catalyst carrier is impregnated evenly, and the catalyst carrier will not be soaked in excessive impregnation liquid, and the impregnation components will not be lost.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1This is a side view of one embodiment of the fixed-bed catalyst impregnation device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view of the impregnation equipment for medium-fixed bed catalysts.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0033] 1-First container, 2-Second container, 3-Rotating shaft, 4-Bracket, 41-Supporting part. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0035] These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible range of error. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0038] It should also be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0039] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0040] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0041] This invention provides an impregnation apparatus for a fixed-bed catalyst, comprising:

[0042] A first container 1 has an internal cavity defined for accommodating a catalyst support. The first container 1 has two first openings communicating with the first cavity, the two first openings being aligned along a first direction of the first container 1 (see [reference]). Figure 1 (As shown in the horizontal direction) relative to the setting;

[0043] Two second containers 2, each having a second cavity defined inside for containing impregnation liquid, and a second opening on each second container 2 communicating with the second cavity. The two second containers 2 are detachably connected to two first openings through the second openings (that is, the two second containers 2 are detachably connected to the first container 1, and the first openings communicate with the second openings).

[0044] A filter element is disposed on the communication path between the first opening and the second opening, and the filter element is configured to allow the impregnation liquid to pass through while preventing the catalyst support from passing through;

[0045] Support 4, support 4 is used to suspend and support the first container 1 so as to allow the first container 1 to rotate along the second direction (see...). Figure 2 The axis extending in the horizontal direction (as shown) is rotated, with the second direction perpendicular to the first direction; and

[0046] A drive mechanism is used to drive the first container 1 to rotate so as to achieve the alternating upright (i.e., the second opening facing upward) and inverted (i.e., the second opening facing downward) positions of the two second containers 2.

[0047] It should be noted that the rotation of the first container 1 about the axis extending along the second direction can be a 180° rotation or a 360° rotation, preferably a 360° rotation. In the case of a 180° rotation, the first container 1 rotates alternately in the forward and reverse directions.

[0048] In use, a catalyst carrier is placed in the first cavity of the first container 1, and an impregnation liquid is placed in the second cavity of at least one second container 2. The second container 2 is connected to the first container 1. A drive mechanism drives the first container 1 to rotate together with the two second containers 2 around an axis extending in the second direction. During the rotation, the two second containers 2 will periodically be upright or inverted. The impregnation liquid will flow from the inverted second container 2 into the first container 1 and pass through the catalyst carrier into the upright second container 2. Thus, the impregnation liquid flows back and forth between the three containers, making full and uniform contact with the catalyst carrier, so that the catalyst carrier is uniformly impregnated and the catalyst carrier is not soaked in excessive impregnation liquid, and the impregnation components are not lost.

[0049] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first container 1 is a cylinder, the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and two first openings are located at both ends of the first container 1 along its axial direction (i.e., the first direction). During the rotation of the first container 1, the catalyst carrier within the first cavity reciprocates along the first direction. Since the inner wall of the first container 1 has no corners or other structures, the friction between the catalyst carrier and the inner wall of the first container 1, as well as between the catalyst carrier itself, is minimal, thereby reducing wear on the catalyst carrier. Compared to existing double-cone mixers, the catalyst carrier in this invention has a smaller range of motion, resulting in less wear on the catalyst carrier.

[0050] In order to facilitate the uniform flow of the impregnation liquid, the first opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the first opening is set to be slightly less than or equal to the diameter of the first cavity. For example, the diameter of the first opening is 0.8-1.0 times the diameter of the first cavity.

[0051] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second container 2 is conical, and the second cavity is also conical, with the diameter of the second cavity decreasing towards the second opening. This facilitates the flow of the impregnating liquid among the three containers while ensuring a large loading capacity of the impregnating liquid.

[0052] In order to facilitate the uniform flow of the impregnation liquid, the second opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the second opening is set to be slightly smaller than the diameter of the second cavity. For example, the diameter of the second opening is 0.8-0.9 times the minimum diameter of the second cavity.

[0053] In this invention, to facilitate observation of the impregnation of the catalyst carrier inside the first container 1, an observation window can be provided on the first container 1, for example, by opening an opening in the peripheral wall of the first container and placing transparent glass at the opening. Alternatively, the entire first container 1 can be made of transparent material to facilitate observation of its internal conditions.

[0054] In this invention, the filter element can be a filter membrane or a filter screen. The filter element can be disposed within the first opening and / or the second opening, or between the first opening and the second opening. It should be noted that the filter element should also filter carrier debris and powder; that is, the filter element only allows liquid to pass through. The filter membrane can be formed using any membrane with solid-liquid separation function, such as a ceramic membrane.

[0055] In this invention, the first container 1 and the second container 2 can be connected by any suitable detachable connection structure. In some embodiments, the first opening and the second opening are detachably connected by a threaded connection structure, wherein the first opening has an internal thread and the second opening has an external thread adapted to the internal thread. This method is simple in structure, low in cost, and convenient to assemble and disassemble. In some embodiments, the first opening and the second opening are mated together, and the first container 1 and the second container 2 are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​structure.

[0056] In this invention, the support 4 can have any suitable structure and can suspend and support the first container 1 in any suitable manner. In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first container 1 has two rotating shafts 3 fixedly connected to its two sides along the second direction. The bracket 4 includes two support parts 41 arranged opposite to each other along the second direction. Each support part 41 has a mounting position at its top for rotating the rotating shaft 3. The drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) is configured to drive the two rotating shafts 3 to rotate.

[0057] It can be understood that the rotating shaft 3 extends along the second direction, and the mounting position can be a socket for inserting the rotating shaft 3 or a groove for embedding the rotating shaft 3.

[0058] In this invention, the drive mechanism can have any suitable structure. In some embodiments, the drive mechanism includes a motor and a transmission component connecting the motor and the rotating shaft 3. The two rotating shafts 3 can be driven by one motor or by two separate motors. Since the drive mechanism is prior art in the art and has various implementations (e.g., those disclosed in CN109317218A and CN205761211U), and the improvement of this invention does not lie in the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism will not be described in detail.

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for impregnating a fixed-bed catalyst, which uses the above-mentioned fixed-bed catalyst impregnation equipment, and the impregnation method includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. A catalyst carrier is loaded into the first container 1, and an impregnation solution is loaded into one of the second containers 2. The two second containers 2 are then connected to the first container 1.

[0061] S2. Drive the first container 1 to rotate until the impregnation liquid is absorbed by the catalyst carrier and then rotate for a predetermined time.

[0062] S3. Disconnect the second container 2 from the first container 1 and unload the catalyst carrier.

[0063] In step S2 above, the adsorption of the catalyst support can be observed during the rotation of the first container 1. When no obvious droplets form on the surface of the catalyst support, it indicates that the impregnation liquid has been absorbed by the catalyst support. Rotating for a predetermined time after absorption is to allow the impregnation liquid to better penetrate into the catalyst support. The predetermined time can be determined according to the actual situation (e.g., based on the permeability of the catalyst support).

[0064] It should be noted that the catalyst support should not completely fill the first cavity, as overfilling hinders the flow of the impregnation solution. Conversely, too little catalyst support will also reduce yield. Preferably, the catalyst support occupies 70%–80% of the first cavity volume.

[0065] The various embodiments of the present invention have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the invention, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0066] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. An impregnation apparatus for a fixed-bed catalyst, characterized in that, include: A first container (1) has a first cavity defined inside for accommodating a catalyst carrier. The first container (1) has two first openings communicating with the first cavity. The two first openings are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction of the first container (1). Two second containers (2), each second container (2) having a second cavity defined inside for containing impregnation liquid, and the second container (2) having a second opening communicating with the second cavity, and the two second containers (2) being detachably connected to the two first openings respectively through the second opening; A filter element is disposed on the communication path between the first opening and the second opening, and the filter element is configured to allow the impregnation liquid to pass through while preventing the catalyst carrier from passing through; A support (4) is provided for suspending the first container (1) to allow the first container (1) to rotate about an axis extending along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. as well as A drive mechanism is provided to drive the first container (1) to rotate so as to achieve the alternating upright and inverted positions of the two second containers (2).

2. The impregnation equipment for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first container (1) is a cylinder, the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the two first openings are located at both axial ends of the first container (1); and / or The second container (2) is a cone-shaped body, the second cavity is a cone-shaped cavity, and the diameter of the second cavity decreases toward the second opening.

3. The impregnation equipment for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the first opening is 0.8-1.0 times the diameter of the first cavity; and / or The second opening is a circular opening, and the diameter of the second opening is 0.8-1.0 times the minimum diameter of the second cavity.

4. The impregnation equipment for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first container (1) is provided with an observation window, and / or the filter component is a filter membrane or a filter screen.

5. The impregnation equipment for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first opening and the second opening are detachably connected by a threaded connection structure. The first opening has an internal thread, and the second opening has an external thread that is adapted to the internal thread.

6. The impregnation apparatus for a fixed-bed catalyst according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first container (1) is fixedly connected to two rotating shafts (3) on both sides along the second direction. The bracket (4) includes two support parts (41) arranged opposite to each other along the second direction. Each support part (41) has a mounting position at its top for the rotating shaft (3) to be rotatably mounted. The driving mechanism is configured to drive the two rotating shafts (3) to rotate.

7. The impregnation apparatus for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a motor and a transmission component connected between the motor and the rotating shaft (3).

8. A method for impregnating a fixed-bed catalyst, characterized in that, The impregnation is carried out using the impregnation equipment of the fixed-bed catalyst according to any one of claims 1-7, and the impregnation method includes the following steps: S1. A catalyst carrier is loaded into the first container (1), an impregnation liquid is loaded into one of the second containers (2), and the two second containers (2) are connected to the first container (1). S2. Drive the first container (1) to rotate until the impregnation liquid is absorbed by the catalyst carrier and then rotate for a predetermined time. S3. Disconnect the second container (2) from the first container (1) and unload the catalyst carrier.

9. The impregnation method for a fixed-bed catalyst according to claim 8, characterized in that, The catalyst support occupies 70% to 80% of the volume of the first cavity.

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