A flash welding method for reinforcing a wheel rim based on a titanium and manganese alloy

Abstract

The application discloses a flash welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, and mainly solves the technical problems that the weld strength is reduced and the welding heat affected zone is cracked in subsequent processing in the welding process of a straight seam of a 500MPa-grade steel wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening. The technical scheme is as follows: a flash welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, comprising the following steps: 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, and obtaining the wheel rim blank by butt joint after rolling a hot-rolled and pickled steel plate with a thickness of 3.0-5.0 mm; the metallographic structure of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate is fine-grained ferrite + a small amount of pearlite; 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank; 3) welding and processing the wheel rim blank; and 4) processing the weld joint after butt joint of the wheel rim blank. The welding method has the advantages that the qualified rate of the air tightness of the weld joint is greater than or equal to 95%, the tensile strength of the weld joint is greater than or equal to 530 MPa, and the weld joint quality is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a straight seam welding process of a steel wheel rim, in particular to a flash welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, specifically to a flash welding method of a straight seam of a steel wheel rim with a tensile strength of 500 MPa based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, and belongs to the technical field of steel material welding processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the automobile industry, Nb and Ti element strengthened high-strength steel is widely used in the automobile industry, but in the process of popularization to the wheel industry, the material welding defect rate is high, and the failure of the weld will cause the failure of the entire wheel part; in addition, the price of alloy element Nb is much higher than that of other alloy elements, so the industry has been developing Ti and Mn alloy element strengthened wheel steel materials without Nb element.

[0003] The existing Ti and Mn alloy element strengthened wheel steel can reach a strength of 500 MPa or above, but the existing welding process method cannot obtain a high-quality wheel product; there is a problem of reduced weld strength and cracking in subsequent processing, and poor welding quality.

[0004] The patent with the application publication number CN107891219A discloses a flash welding process for high-strength ground spike anchor chains, which includes the following steps: (1) chain ring fixation and misalignment correction: through the joint action of the upper and lower fixed electrodes and the upper and lower movable electrodes, the chain ring is fixed on the welding machine with a system pressure of 14-16 MPa, and the up-down misalignment of the ring body is corrected. (2) Flash preheating: the left and right electrodes are connected with the secondary side of the welding transformer, a voltage of 4.7V is applied, and the welding end face is rapidly contacted and separated once or multiple times to form intermittent flashing. (3) Welding end face burning: after preheating, the process is transferred to stable continuous flashing, the movable electrode is pushed at a burning speed of 1.8-2.0 mm, and the burning amount (i.e. the shrinkage of the left and right electrode distance) is controlled to 7-9 m. (4) Electric upset forging: after burning, the power is not immediately turned off, the power is delayed for a period of time during the upset forging process, and sufficient upset forging pressure is applied to the welding end face. In order to ensure the plastic deformation amount of the joint, the compression amount of the weld is 6-8 mm. (5) Chain ring cooling: after the upset forging is completed, the electrodes and the upset oil cylinder are kept for a period of time to make the joint have sufficient deformation resistance to prevent the ring from rebounding and causing the welding end to crack. It solves the problem of welding cracking of high-strength anchor chain materials, and the joint performance is stable and meets the requirements; although the process uses flash welding technology, it does not involve the specific process of rim flash welding.

[0005] The prior art lacks effective straight seam welding technology of a steel wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical idea of the present application is to obtain the Ti element strengthened pickling hot-rolled high-strength wheel steel material with smooth and oxide-free surface through pretreatment, to perform flash butt welding, to perform coiling processing on the high-strength wheel steel material before welding, to perform preheating on the part of the steel plate between the two electrodes by using the flash welding equipment, to perform flash welding according to the set welding process parameters, to perform upsetting on the steel plate between the electrodes with a certain upsetting pressure, to perform slag removal processing on the weld after welding, to perform weld extrusion and water cooling, and to obtain the wheel product with good welding and no micro-cracks, pores and other defects in the weld.

[0007] The technical idea of the present application is to obtain the Ti element strengthened pickling hot-rolled high-strength wheel steel material with smooth and oxide-free surface through pretreatment, to perform flash butt welding, to perform coiling processing on the high-strength wheel steel material before welding, to perform preheating on the part of the steel plate between the two electrodes by using the flash welding equipment, to perform flash welding according to the set welding process parameters, to perform upsetting on the steel plate between the electrodes with a certain upsetting pressure, to perform slag removal processing on the weld after welding, to perform weld extrusion and water cooling, and to obtain the wheel product with good welding and no micro-cracks, pores and other defects in the weld.

[0008] The technical idea of the present application is to obtain the Ti element strengthened pickling hot-rolled high-strength wheel steel material with smooth and oxide-free surface through pretreatment, to perform flash butt welding, to perform coiling processing on the high-strength wheel steel material before welding, to perform preheating on the part of the steel plate between the two electrodes by using the flash welding equipment, to perform flash welding according to the set welding process parameters, to perform upsetting on the steel plate between the electrodes with a certain upsetting pressure, to perform slag removal processing on the weld after welding, to perform weld extrusion and water cooling, and to obtain the wheel product with good welding and no micro-cracks, pores and other defects in the weld.

[0009] 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, coiling the hot-rolled pickling steel plate with a thickness of 3.0-5.0 mm to obtain a wheel rim blank, cleaning the welding surface of the hot-rolled pickling steel plate, removing the burrs at the cutout of the hot-rolled pickling steel plate for the wheel rim, and removing the oil stains on the welding surface of the hot-rolled pickling steel plate;

[0010] The hot-rolled pickling steel plate has the following chemical composition by weight percentage: C: 0.05%-0.07%, Si: 0.10%-0.15%, Mn: 1.25%-1.45%, P≤0.012%, S≤0.003%, Nb: 0.025%-0.035%, Ti: 0.045%-0.055%, Mg: 0.0005%-0.0015%, Al: 0.02%-0.05%, N≤0.0040%, and the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities, and the above element content must satisfy carbon equivalent≤0.35%, wherein the carbon equivalent Ceq=C+Mn / 6, and in the formula, C and Mn are the weight percentage of the elements in the hot-rolled pickling steel plate; the metallographic structure of the hot-rolled pickling steel plate is fine-grained ferrite+small amount of pearlite, and the ferrite grain size level in the metallographic structure is 10-11 level; the upper yield strength R eH of the 3.0-5.0 mm thick hot-rolled pickling steel plate is 350-500 MPa, the tensile strength R m is 500-650 MPa, and the elongation A after fracture is 20%-35%;

[0011] 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, using the clamps of the flash butt welding machine to fix the wheel rim blank; controlling the gap between the two welding surfaces to be 0.5-1.5 mm, and the height difference between the two welding surfaces to be ≤0.5 mm; the horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 30-50 mm;

[0012] 3) welding the wheel rim blank, preheating the steel plate welding end face using the flash butt welding machine before welding, and the preheating temperature of the steel plate welding end face is 500-650 ℃; using the flash butt welding machine to weld the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank, controlling the flash allowance in the flash stage to be 5-10 mm, the flash rate to be 4-6 mm / s, and the flash output power to be 150-200 KW; controlling the upsetting distance in the upsetting stage to be 2-5 mm; and controlling the pressure in the pressure maintaining stage to be 6-8 MPa;

[0013] 4) processing the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, immediately performing slag planing on the weld after welding; then performing roll pressing on the weld, and performing water cooling on the weld position to obtain the finished wheel rim product after welding.

[0014] By adopting the method, the tensile strength of the weld formed by welding the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank is ≥530 MPa, and the hardness HV0.2 of the weld is ≥170.

[0015] By adopting the method, the air tightness qualified rate of the weld formed by welding the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank is ≥95%; the weld is completely penetrated, the weld surface is uniformly formed, the front weld width is 25-30 mm, the excess height is 2.0-2.5 mm, the back weld width is 23-28 mm, and the excess height is 2.2-2.5 mm.

[0016] The reasons for adopting the welding process are as follows:

[0017] 1. Setting of the clamping parameters of the flash butt welding machine

[0018] The horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 30-50 mm, too small gap will cause the preheating temperature of the welding surface to be too high, and the welding surface will generate oxides, affecting the welding quality, and too large gap will cause the generation of the misalignment of the two steel plates on the welding surface in the upsetting stage; the gap between the two welding surfaces is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm, so as to ensure the stability of the welding current in the welding process; and the height difference between the two welding surfaces is ≤0.5 mm, so as to minimize the generation of the misalignment of the welding surface.

[0019] 2. Setting of the flash welding parameters

[0020] The existing wheel rim Nb element strengthening is achieved by refining the grain of the organization, and the Ti element is formed in the cooling process of the organization to form Ti compound precipitation so as to improve the material strength. The failure of the Ti reinforced high-strength wheel steel product mainly occurs in the weld position, mainly due to the unreasonable welding process parameters in the welding process, the strength of the organization is reduced in the weld heat affected zone position, thereby causing the material to shrink, crack and other defects in the subsequent processing link. The root cause is that the heat input is not properly controlled in the welding process, which causes the weld heat affected zone to be overheated, and in the subsequent cooling process, the cooling speed of the weld and the heat affected zone is slow, the precipitation strengthening effect of the Ti element in the material cannot be realized, thereby causing the strength of the heat affected zone to be lower than that of the base material.

[0021] The present application adopts reasonable welding process, that is, on the basis of reasonable steel plate extension length, adjusting the flash allowance, flash rate and welding output power, welding preheating at a preheating temperature of 500-650 DEG C, so that the weld heat affected zone will not change the organizational state due to too high temperature, and the strength is reduced, on the other hand, the weld is immediately water cooled after welding, which is also helpful to keep the heat affected zone organization as original ferrite + pearlite, and the material strength does not change.

[0022] The present application sets the preheating temperature to 500-650 DEG C, the flash allowance to 5-10 mm, the flash rate to 4-6 mm / s, and the flash output power to 150-200 KW in the flash stage; the upset distance is controlled to 2-5 mm in the upset stage; the pressure is controlled to 6-8 MPa in the pressure maintaining stage. The welding parameters are used for butt welding of Ti, Mn alloy reinforced wheel steel material, which reduces the reduction of weld strength, avoids the cracking problem of the weld heat affected zone in the subsequent processing, and solves the problem of poor welding quality.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following positive effects: 1. The horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 30-50 mm, the gap between the two welding surfaces is controlled to be 0.5-1.5 mm, and the height difference between the two welding surfaces is ≤0.5 mm. The welding quality caused by the too small gap between the clamps, which can cause the preheating temperature of the welding surface to be too high and the welding surface to generate oxides, or the too large gap between the clamps, which can cause the edge misalignment of the steel plates on both sides of the welding surface during the upsetting stage, can be effectively avoided. The gap between the two welding surfaces is too small, which can cause the initial welding current to be too large, and the gap is too large, which can cause the current to be disconnected during the welding process. The height difference between the two welding surfaces is reasonably controlled to reduce the generation of edge misalignment of the welding surface. 2. The welding parameters for welding the Ti and Mn alloy reinforced wheel steel material are as follows: the preheating temperature is 500-650℃, the flash stage controls the flash allowance to be 5-10 mm, the flash rate is 4-6 mm / s, and the flash output power is 150-200 KW; the upsetting stage controls the upsetting distance to be 2-5 mm; the pressure maintaining stage controls the pressure to be 6-8 MPa. The appropriate post-welding processing technology is adopted, which is beneficial to ensure that the material is well welded, the strength in the heat affected zone of the weld is not reduced, and the weld does not crack during the post-welding processing. The weld is subjected to air tightness detection, and the qualified rate is more than 95%. 3. The technical method of the present application is simple and has low implementation cost, which greatly improves the welding structure and production efficiency. The weld is completely penetrated, the surface is uniformly formed, the welded joint without defects such as micro-cracks and welding heat affected zone necking is obtained, the tensile strength of the weld is ≥530 MPa, and the hardness HV0.2 of the weld is ≥170. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be further described below in combination with Examples 1-4, as shown in Tables 1-2.

[0025] In Examples 1-4, the wheel rim blank is made of a hot-rolled pickled steel plate with a thickness of 4.0 mm. The chemical composition of the hot-rolled steel plate is as follows: C: 0.07%, Si: 0.10%, Mn: 1.25%, P: 0.010%, S: 0.0028%, Nb: 0.025%, Ti: 0.045%, Mg: 0.0009%, Al: 0.02%, N: 0.0029%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities. The carbon equivalent Ceq = C + Mn / 6, wherein C and Mn are the weight percentages of these elements in the hot-rolled steel plate. The metallographic structure of the hot-rolled pickled steel plate is fine-grained ferrite + a small amount of pearlite. The ferrite grain size in the metallographic structure is grade 11. The upper yield strength R eH of the 4.0 mm thick hot-rolled pickled steel plate is 370 MPa, the tensile strength R m is 510 MPa, and the elongation A after fracture is 25%.

[0026] Example 1 is a flash butt welding method for a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy reinforcement, comprising the following steps:

[0027] 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate is coiled to obtain a wheel rim blank; cleaning the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate, removing burrs at the cut of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate for the wheel rim, and removing oil stains on the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate;

[0028] 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, the clamps of the flash butt welding machine are used to fix the wheel rim blank; the gap between the two welding surfaces is controlled to be 1.0 mm, the height difference between the two welding surfaces is less than or equal to 0.5 mm; the horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 30 mm,

[0029] 3) welding the wheel rim blank, the end surface of the steel plate is preheated by the flash butt welding machine before welding, the preheating temperature of the end surface of the steel plate is 500℃; the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank is welded by the flash butt welding machine, the flash allowance is controlled to be 5 mm in the flash stage, the flash rate is 4 mm / s, and the flash output power is 150 KW; the upsetting distance is controlled to be 3.0 mm in the upsetting stage; the pressure is controlled to be 8 MPa in the pressure maintaining stage;

[0030] 4) processing the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, the weld is immediately processed by gouging after welding; then the weld is processed by rolling, and the position of the weld is water-cooled to obtain the finished product of the welded wheel rim.

[0031] After the welding is completed, the welded joint is subjected to appearance inspection, the weld is completely penetrated, the surface of the weld is uniformly shaped, the width of the front weld is 25-30 mm, the excess height is 2.0-2.5 mm, the width of the back weld is 23-28 mm, and the excess height is 2.2-2.5 mm; the welded joint is subjected to air tightness detection, and no quality unqualified phenomenon such as air leakage is found.

[0032] Example 2, a flash butt welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, comprising the following steps:

[0033] 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate is coiled to obtain a wheel rim blank; cleaning the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate, removing burrs at the cut of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate for the wheel rim, and removing oil stains on the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate;

[0034] 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, the clamps of the flash butt welding machine are used to fix the wheel rim blank; the gap between the two welding surfaces is controlled to be 1.0 mm, the height difference between the two welding surfaces is less than or equal to 0.5 mm; the horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 34 mm,

[0035] 3) welding processing of the wheel rim blank, preheating the steel plate welding end face with the flash butt welding machine before welding, the preheating temperature of the steel plate welding end face is 550℃; welding the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank with the flash butt welding machine, controlling the flash allowance of the flash stage to be 7mm, the flash rate to be 5mm / s, and the flash output power to be 170KW; controlling the upset distance of the upset stage to be 3.0mm; controlling the pressure of the pressure maintaining stage to be 8MPa;

[0036] 4) processing of the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, immediately performing slag planing processing on the weld after welding; then performing roll processing on the weld, and performing water cooling on the weld position, to obtain the wheel rim finished product after welding.

[0037] After the welding is completed, the welded joint is subjected to appearance inspection, the weld is completely penetrated, the weld surface is uniformly shaped, the front weld width is 25-30mm, the excess height is 2.0-2.5mm, the back weld width is 23-28mm, and the excess height is 2.2-2.5mm; the welded joint is subjected to air tightness detection, and no quality unqualified phenomenon such as air leakage is found.

[0038] Example 3, a flash butt welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, comprising the following steps:

[0039] 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, obtaining the wheel rim blank by butt joint after coiling the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate; cleaning the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate to be welded, removing the burrs at the cutout of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate for the wheel rim, and removing the oil stains on the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate to be welded;

[0040] 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, fixing the wheel rim blank with the clamps of the flash butt welding machine; controlling the gap between the two welding surfaces to be 1.0mm, and the height difference between the two welding surfaces to be ≤0.5mm; the horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine is 40mm,

[0041] 3) welding processing of the wheel rim blank, preheating the steel plate welding end face with the flash butt welding machine before welding, the preheating temperature of the steel plate welding end face is 600℃; welding the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank with the flash butt welding machine, controlling the flash allowance of the flash stage to be 10mm, the flash rate to be 5mm / s, and the flash output power to be 200KW; controlling the upset distance of the upset stage to be 3.0mm; controlling the pressure of the pressure maintaining stage to be 8MPa;

[0042] 4) processing of the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, immediately performing slag planing processing on the weld after welding; then performing roll processing on the weld, and performing water cooling on the weld position, to obtain the wheel rim finished product after welding.

[0043] After the welding is finished, the welded joint is subjected to appearance inspection, the weld is fully penetrated, the weld surface is uniformly shaped, the front weld width is 25-30mm, the excess height is 2.0-2.5mm, the back weld width is 23-28mm, and the excess height is 2.2-2.5mm; the welded joint is subjected to air tightness detection, and no quality unqualified phenomenon such as air leakage is found.

[0044] Embodiment 4, a flash welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, comprising the following steps:

[0045] 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate is coiled after being butt jointed to obtain the wheel rim blank; the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate is cleaned, burrs at the cutout of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate for the wheel rim are removed, and oil stains on the surface to be welded of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate are removed;

[0046] 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, the clamping jaws of the flash welding machine are used to fix the wheel rim blank; the gap between the two welding surfaces is controlled to be 1.0mm, the height difference between the two welding surfaces is less than or equal to 0.5mm; the horizontal distance between the two clamping jaws of the flash welding machine is 50mm,

[0047] 3) welding the wheel rim blank, the flash welding machine is used to preheat the steel plate welding end face before welding, the preheating temperature of the steel plate welding end face is 650℃; the flash welding machine is used to weld the butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank, the flash stage controls the flash allowance to be 10mm, the flash rate is 6mm / s, and the flash output power is 200KW; the top forging stage controls the top forging distance to be 3.0mm; the pressure maintaining stage controls the pressure to be 8MPa;

[0048] 4) processing the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, the weld is immediately subjected to slag planing treatment after welding; then the weld is subjected to rolling treatment, and the weld position is subjected to water cooling, to obtain the welded wheel rim product.

[0049] After the welding is finished, the welded joint is subjected to appearance inspection, the weld is fully penetrated, the weld surface is uniformly shaped, the front weld width is 25-30mm, the excess height is 2.0-2.5mm, the back weld width is 23-28mm, and the excess height is 2.2-2.5mm; the welded joint is subjected to air tightness detection, and no quality unqualified phenomenon such as air leakage is found.

[0050] The butt straight seam of the wheel rim blank welded by the method has high strength, the weld has no obvious cracks and pores, the weld is firmly combined on both sides, the tensile strength of the weld is greater than or equal to 530MPa, and the hardness HV0.2 of the weld is greater than or equal to 170, which meets the stable operation of the wheel.

[0051] Table 1 welding control parameters of the embodiment of the application

[0052]

[0053] Table 2 Weld Quality Data for Inventive Examples

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] In addition to the above embodiments, the present application can also have other implementation manners. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope required by the present application.

Claims

1. A flash welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a wheel rim blank, rolling a hot-rolled and pickled steel plate with a thickness of 3.0-5.0 mm to obtain a wheel rim blank by butt joint; cleaning the welding surface of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate, removing burrs at the cut of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate for the wheel rim, and removing oil stains on the welding surface of the hot-rolled and pickled steel plate; The hot-rolled pickled steel plate has the following chemical composition by weight percentage: C: 0.05%~0.07%, Si: 0.10%~0.15%, Mn: 1.25%~1.45%, P≤0.012%, S≤0.003%, Nb: 0.025%~0.035%, Ti: 0.045%~0.055%, Mg: 0.0005%~0.0015%, Al: 0.02%~0.05%, N≤0.0040%, the rest being Fe and inevitable impurities, and the above element content must satisfy carbon equivalent≤0.35%, wherein the carbon equivalent Ceq=C+Mn / 6, wherein: C, Mn are the weight percentage of the element in the hot-rolled pickled steel plate; the metallographic structure of the hot-rolled pickled steel plate is fine-grained ferrite+small amount of pearlite, and the ferrite grain size level in the metallographic structure is 10~11 level; the upper yield strength R eH of the 3.0~5.0mm thick hot-rolled pickled steel plate is 350~500MPa, the tensile strength R m is 500~650MPa, and the elongation A after fracture is 20%~35%. 2) clamping and fixing the wheel rim blank, fixing the wheel rim blank by the clamps of a flash butt welding machine; controlling the gap between the two welding surfaces to be 0.5-1.5 mm, the height difference between the two welding surfaces to be ≤0.5 mm, and the horizontal distance between the two clamps of the flash butt welding machine to be 30-50 mm; 3) welding the wheel rim blank, preheating the steel plate welding end face by the flash butt welding machine before welding, and controlling the preheating temperature of the steel plate welding end face to be 500-650 ℃; welding the butt joint straight seam of the wheel rim blank by the flash butt welding machine, controlling the flash allowance to be 5-10 mm, the flash rate to be 4-6 mm / s, and the flash output power to be 150-200 KW in the flash stage; controlling the top forging distance to be 2-5 mm in the top forging stage; and controlling the pressure to be 6-8 MPa in the pressure maintaining stage; 4) processing the weld after butt welding of the wheel rim blank, immediately planing the slag on the weld after welding; then rolling the weld, and water cooling the weld position to obtain the finished wheel rim after welding.

2. The flash butt welding method of a wheel rim based on titanium and manganese alloy strengthening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensile strength of the weld formed by welding the butt joint straight seam of the wheel rim blank is ≥530 MPa, and the weld hardness HV0.2 is ≥170.

3. The flash butt welding method of a wheel rim based on a titanium and manganese alloy strengthening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas tightness qualified rate of the weld formed by welding the butt joint straight seam of the wheel rim blank is ≥95%; the front weld width is 25-30 mm, the remaining height is 2.0-2.5 mm, the back weld width is 23-28 mm, and the remaining height is 2.2-2.5 mm.

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