Light sail, light sail regulation and control method and light sail construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of light sails, and particularly provides a light sail, a light sail regulation and control method and a light sail construction method. The light sail comprises a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged on the surface of the light sail body in a partitioned mode, and the metasurface structure comprises a first metasurface structure, a second metasurface structure, a third metasurface structure and a fourth metasurface structure, the second metasurface structure is provided with a deflection phase for providing translation power for the optical sail body; and the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure are concentrically arranged. Left-hand circularly polarized light or / and right-hand circularly polarized light can be incident on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure of the light sail, translation, rotation, overturning, pulling or self-stabilization movement of the light sail body is achieved, and the control flexibility of the light sail is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of light sail technology, and more specifically, to a light sail, a light sail control method, and a light sail construction method. Background Art

[0002] Light has the dual nature of wave and particle. Moving photons have both energy and momentum. When light interacts with matter, momentum conversion occurs. Based on the above principle, light can be used as a power source for a sail. A sail-shaped structure that generates propulsion from light is called a light sail. Since there is no resistance from air in space, even the extremely small propulsion generated by a light sail can be accumulated with almost no loss. There is no need for an external power source or the chemical energy of fuel. It can be accumulated continuously to provide a very impressive propulsion speed for small spacecraft. Therefore, light sails are considered to be a propulsion technology with great application potential in the future.

[0003] In the application process of light sails, while maintaining appropriate thrust to achieve the required speed, it is also required that the light sail attitude be stable and the light sail multi-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional motion control be performed. Existing light sails have the technical problem of insufficient control flexibility. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a light sail, a light sail control method and a light sail construction method, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing light sail control is not flexible enough.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a light sail, comprising: a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body; the metasurface structure comprises: a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase for providing torque or tension to the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase for providing translational force to the light sail body; the first metasurface structure is arranged concentrically with the second metasurface structure; wherein, by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, the light sail body can be translated, rotated, flipped, pulled or self-stabilized.

[0006] In the above implementation process, the light sail includes a light sail body and a metasurface structure partitioned and arranged on the surface of the light sail body. The metasurface structure includes a first metasurface structure with a Bessel beam phase that provides torque or tensile force for the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure with a deflection phase that provides translational force for the light sail body; and the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure are concentrically arranged. By incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure of the light sail, translational, rotational, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing motion of the light sail body can be achieved, improving the manipulation flexibility of the light sail. The technical problem of insufficient flexibility in the manipulation of existing light sails is solved.

[0007] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the first metasurface structure includes an annular region with an inner circle radius of r and an outer circle radius of R, and the second metasurface structure includes a circular region with a radius of r 0 ; r ≥ r 0 , and R is less than or equal to the maximum inscribed circle radius of the light sail body; the annular region includes a first annular region, a second annular region, a third annular region and a fourth annular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first annular region includes a metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second annular region includes a metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third annular region includes a metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, the fourth annular region includes a metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; the circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, a fourth circular region, a fifth circular region, a sixth circular region, a seventh circular region, an eighth circular region; the first circular region includes a metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second circular region includes a metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third circular region includes a metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth circular region includes a metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth circular region includes a metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth circular region includes a metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh circular region includes a metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, the eighth circular region includes a metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; the first annular region and the third annular region satisfy The second annular region and the fourth annular region satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the first annular region or the third annular region; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the second circular area or the fourth circular area; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; the first circular area and the sixth circular area satisfy The second circular area and the fifth circular area satisfy The third circular area and the eighth circular area satisfy The fourth circular area and the seventh circular area satisfy in, represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located within the first circular area or the sixth circular area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the second circular area or the fifth circular area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the third circular area or the eighth circular area; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the fourth circular area or the seventh circular area; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0008] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move leftward; and / or, left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the third circular area and the seventh circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the fourth circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move upward; and / or, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, elliptically polarized light is incident on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure. Light is incident on the third circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure by left-handed circularly polarized light to control the light sail body to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular ring area and the third circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure by obliquely incident on the second circular ring area and the fourth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure by obliquely incident on the light sail body to control the light sail body to move closer to the incident light along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular ring area, the fourth circular ring area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure by incident on the first circular ring area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure by incident on the light sail body to be in a stable state.

[0009] In the above implementation process, the first metasurface structure is a ring area, and the second metasurface structure is a circular area; by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light to different ring areas, torque or pulling force is provided to the light sail body; by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light to different circular areas, translational force is provided to the light sail body; and then based on the metasurface structure, the translation, rotation, reversal, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is realized, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail.

[0010] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the first metasurface structure includes a radius r 0 The second metasurface structure includes a circular area with an inner radius of r and an outer radius of R; r ≥ r 0, and R is less than or equal to the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the light sail body; the circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, and a fourth circular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second circular region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third circular region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, the fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; the annular region includes a first annular region, a second annular region, a third annular region, a fourth annular region, a fifth annular region, a sixth annular region, a seventh annular region, and an eighth annular region; the first annular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second annular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third annular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth annular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth annular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth annular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh annular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, the eighth annular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; the first circular region and the third circular region satisfy The second circular region and the fourth circular region satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the first circular region or the third circular region; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the second circular region or the fourth circular region; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; the first annular region and the sixth annular region satisfy The second annular region and the fifth annular region satisfy The third annular region and the eighth annular region satisfy The fourth annular region and the seventh annular region satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the first annular region or the sixth annular region; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the second annular region or the fifth annular region; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the third annular region or the eighth annular region; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the fourth circular ring area or the seventh circular ring area; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0011] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move leftward; and / or, left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the third and seventh circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the fourth and eighth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move upward; and / or, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, elliptically polarized light is incident on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure. light, incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first and third circular areas of the metasurface structure obliquely, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second and fourth circular areas of the metasurface structure obliquely, so as to control the light sail body to move closer to the incident light along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second, fourth, first, second, fifth and sixth circular areas of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first, third, third, fourth, seventh and eighth circular areas of the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to be in a stable state.

[0012] In the above implementation process, the first metasurface structure is a circular area, and the second metasurface structure is a ring area; by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light into different circular areas, torque or pulling force is provided to the light sail body; by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light into different ring areas, translational force is provided to the light sail body; and then the translation, rotation, reversal, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is realized based on the metasurface structure, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail.

[0013] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure respectively include multiple metasurface units; and the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure is adjusted by adjusting the geometric parameters or rotation angles of the metasurface units at corresponding positions.

[0014] In the above implementation process, by adjusting the geometric parameters or rotation angles of the metasurface units at the corresponding positions, the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure can be adjusted. By adjusting the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure, the first metasurface structure has a Bessel beam phase, and the second metasurface structure has a deflection phase, and then by incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, the translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilization movement of the light sail body is achieved, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail.

[0015] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the metasurface unit includes a dielectric nanocolumn; the geometric parameters include one or more of the major axis length, minor axis length, height or period of the dielectric nanocolumn; and the rotation angle is half of the corresponding phase value of the dielectric nanocolumn.

[0016] In the above implementation process, one or more of the major axis length, minor axis length, height or period of the dielectric nanocolumns is adjusted to adjust the geometric parameters or rotation angle of the metasurface unit, thereby adjusting the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a light sail control method, the method is used to control the light sail as described in the second or third embodiment of the first aspect above, the method comprising: by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on a first metasurface structure or / and a second metasurface structure, a translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is achieved; wherein, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure on the surface of the light sail body, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move left; and / or, by incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area and the seventh circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move upward; and / or, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure The light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise by incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first annular area and the fifth annular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y-axis by incident elliptically polarized light on the first annular area of ​​the metasurface structure and left-handed circularly polarized light on the third annular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to move close to the incident light in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure by obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first annular area and the third annular area of ​​the metasurface structure and right-handed circularly polarized light on the second annular area and the fourth annular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second annular area, the fourth annular area, the first annular area, the second annular area, the fifth annular area and the sixth annular area of ​​the metasurface structure and left-handed circularly polarized light on the first annular area, the third annular area, the third annular area, the fourth annular area, the seventh annular area and the eighth annular area of ​​the metasurface structure.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides another light sail control method, the method being used to control the light sail as described in the fourth or fifth embodiment of the first aspect above, the method comprising: realizing translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure; wherein, by incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the second annular region and the fifth annular region of the metasurface structure, and incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light on the first annular region and the sixth annular region of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move leftward; and / or, by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light on the third annular region and the seventh annular region of the metasurface structure, and incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth annular region and the eighth annular region of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move upward; and / or, by incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the second annular region and the sixth annular region of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move upward; The light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise by incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y-axis by incident elliptically polarized light on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to move close to the incident light in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure by obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, the light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for constructing a lightsail, wherein the lightsail to be constructed comprises a lightsail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the lightsail body; the metasurface structure comprises a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase providing a torque or a pulling force for the lightsail body and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase providing a translational force for the lightsail body; the first metasurface structure is arranged concentrically with the second metasurface structure; the method comprises: determining, according to a desired motion mode, a Bessel beam phase providing a torque or a pulling force for the lightsail body, and / or a second metasurface structure providing a translational force for the lightsail body; a distribution area of ​​the deflection phase of the moving force; determining a target metasurface unit that meets the phase distribution constraint condition from the candidate metasurface units according to the distribution area of ​​the Bessel beam phase and the distribution area of ​​the deflection phase; constructing the light sail to be constructed based on the target metasurface unit; wherein the method for determining the phase distribution constraint condition comprises: realizing translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, so as to determine the phase distribution constraint condition.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application include at least: the light sail includes a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body, the metasurface structure includes a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase providing torque or tension for the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase providing translational force for the light sail body; and the first metasurface structure is arranged concentrically with the second metasurface structure. By incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure of the light sail, the light sail body can be translated, rotated, flipped, pulled or self-stabilized, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail. The technical problem that the existing light sail control is not flexible enough is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light sail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the area division of the first metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first force condition of a metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a second force condition of the metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a third force condition of the metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fourth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a fifth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a sixth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the area division of the second metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the area division of the third metasurface structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.11 A schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a lightsail provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present application; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] Existing metasurfaces can only regulate a single polarization state, that is, left-handed circularly polarized light (LCPL) or right-handed circularly polarized light (RCPL). When applied to light sails, they can only achieve separate control of thrust or attitude. Traditional light sails use reverse force, which severely limits the flexible movement capability of spacecraft. This application improves the phase distribution of the metasurface structure on the surface of the light sail body, thereby expanding the working range of the light sail to thrust, tension, translation, flipping, rotation and other functions. The provided light sail can utilize the electromagnetic transformation capability of the metasurface structure to design the light radiation pressure, thereby achieving flexible light force manipulation.

[0036] See also Figure 1 The structure diagram of a light sail provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. It should be noted that: Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the partial structure of the light sail is specifically shown. The light sail comprises: a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body;

[0037] The metasurface structure comprises: a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase for providing torque or pulling force for the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase for providing translational force for the light sail body; the first metasurface structure is concentrically arranged with the second metasurface structure; wherein, by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure and / or the second metasurface structure, the light sail body can be translated, rotated, flipped, pulled or self-stabilized.

[0038] Wherein, the first metasurface structure may be a circular area or an annular area; accordingly, when the first metasurface structure is a circular area, the second metasurface structure may be an annular area; when the first metasurface structure is an annular area, the second metasurface structure may be a circular area. The radius of the circular area and the outer radius of the annular area may be adjusted according to actual application requirements (parameters such as the size or weight of the light sail body). The inner radius of the annular area may be consistent with or inconsistent with the radius of the circular area. When the first metasurface structure is a circular area, the circular area may be divided into a plurality of sectoral areas of equal area and symmetrical distribution, and left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light are incident on the plurality of sectoral areas obtained by division, so as to provide torque or pulling force for the light sail body. When the second metasurface structure is an annular area, the annular area may be divided into a plurality of sectoral annular areas of equal area and symmetrical distribution, and left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light are incident on the plurality of sectoral annular areas obtained by division, so as to provide translational force for the light sail body. By incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on different regions of the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, torque, pulling force or translational force is provided to the light sail body, thereby achieving translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body.

[0039] It can be seen that the light sail provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body. The metasurface structure includes a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase that provides torque or tension to the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase that provides translational force to the light sail body; and the first metasurface structure is arranged concentrically with the second metasurface structure. By incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure and / or the second metasurface structure of the light sail, the translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body can be achieved, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail. The technical problem that the existing light sail control is not flexible enough is solved.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, the first metasurface structure includes a circular ring region with an inner radius of r and an outer radius of R, and the second metasurface structure includes a circular ring region with a radius of r. 0 The circular area of ​​​​r ≥ r 0 , and R is less than or equal to the maximum inscribed circle radius of the light sail body; the annular area includes multiple annular division areas; the circular area includes multiple circular division areas; at least two symmetrically distributed annular division areas satisfy or At least two symmetrically distributed circular partitions satisfy or or or in, Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in at least two symmetrically distributed circular ring division areas; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in at least two symmetrically distributed circular divided areas; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel light beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the first metasurface structure includes a radius r 0 The second metasurface structure includes a circular area with an inner radius of r and an outer radius of R; r ≥ r 0 , and R is less than or equal to the maximum inscribed circle radius of the light sail body; the annular area includes multiple annular division areas; the circular area includes multiple circular division areas; at least two symmetrically distributed annular division areas satisfy or or or At least two symmetrically distributed circular partitions satisfy or in, Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in at least two symmetrically distributed circular ring division areas; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in at least two symmetrically distributed circular divided areas; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel light beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0042] Among them, when r = r 0 In this case, the radius of the inner circle of the annular area is consistent with the radius of the circular area. 0 The specific size of or r can be selected according to the actual force requirements of the light sail.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the first metasurface structure includes a circular ring region with an inner radius of r and an outer radius of R, and the second metasurface structure includes a circular ring region with a radius of r. 0 The circular area of ​​​​r ≥ r 0, and R is less than or equal to the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the light sail body; the annular region includes a first annular region, a second annular region, a third annular region, and a fourth annular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first annular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second annular region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third annular region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, and the fourth annular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; the circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, a fourth circular region, a fifth circular region, a sixth circular region, a seventh circular region, and an eighth circular region; the first circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; the first annular region and the third annular region satisfy The second annular region and the fourth annular region satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located in the first annular region or the third annular region; represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located in the second annular region or the fourth annular region; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; the first circular region and the sixth circular region satisfy x, the second circular region and the fifth circular region satisfy The third circular region and the eighth circular region satisfy The fourth circular region and the seventh circular region satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located in the first circular region or the sixth circular region; represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located in the second circular region or the fifth circular region; represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located in the third circular region or the eighth circular region; Denote the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is within the fourth circular region or the seventh circular region; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0044] Among them, the first circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, which means the first circular ring region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < x and y > -x. The second circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, which means the second circular ring region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y > x and y > -x. The third circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, which means the third circular ring region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < -x and y > x. The fourth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x, which means the fourth circular ring region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < x and y < -x. The first circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, which means the first circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x > 0 and y > x. The second circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, which means the second circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x < 0 and y > -x. The third circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, which means the third circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y > 0 and y < -x. The fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, which means the fourth circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y < 0 and y > x. The fifth circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, which means the fifth circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x < 0 and y < x. The sixth circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, which means the sixth circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x > 0 and y < -x. The seventh circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, which means the seventh circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y < 0 and y > -x. The eighth circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; which means the eighth circular region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y > 0 and y < x.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is the schematic diagram of the region division of the first metasurface structure provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 shows "r = r 0Moreover, the first metasurface structure is a circular ring region, and the second metasurface structure is a circular region; the circular ring region includes a first circular ring region, a second circular ring region, a third circular ring region, and a fourth circular ring region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, the fourth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; the circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, a fourth circular region, a fifth circular region, a sixth circular region, a seventh circular region, and an eighth circular region; the first circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth circular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth circular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh circular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth circular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x.”

[0046] In some optional embodiments, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move leftward; and / or, left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the third circular area and the seventh circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the fourth circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move upward; and / or, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, elliptically polarized light is incident on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure , incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure obliquely, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure obliquely, so as to control the light sail body to move closer to the incident light along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to be in a stable state.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. When right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light beam will be deflected to the right. At this time, the force directions of the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area, and the sixth circular area of ​​the four metasurface areas are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the force of the light beam on the light sail body is to the left, and the light sail will move to the left under the action of the incident light.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4Schematic diagram of the second force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. When left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the third and seventh circular areas of the metasurface structure, and right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the fourth and eighth circular areas of the metasurface structure, the light beam will be deflected downward. At this time, the force directions of the third, fourth, seventh and eighth circular areas of the four metasurface areas are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the force exerted by the light beam on the light sail body is upward, and the light sail will move upward under the action of the incident light.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the third force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. When right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light beam will be deflected to the right. At this time, the force directions of the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the four metasurface areas are as follows: Figure 5 As shown. In the first and second circular areas, the force of the light beam on the light sail body is to the left; in the fifth and sixth circular areas, the force of the light beam on the light sail body is to the right. The light sail will rotate counterclockwise under the action of the incident light.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown in the left figure in , elliptically polarized light (2|L>+|R>) is incident on the first annular region of the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light (|L>) is incident on the third annular region of the metasurface structure. At this time, the force analysis of the first annular region and the third annular region is as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the right figure in the figure, assuming the diffraction angle is θ, the light sail is balanced in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction), but in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction), the resultant force on the first ring area is greater than the resultant force on the third ring area. The light sail will flip along the Y-axis under the action of the incident light.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the fifth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. Oblique incidence of light can be achieved through a concave lens. By obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light (|L>) on the first and third annular areas of the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light (|R>) on the second and fourth annular areas of the metasurface structure. At this time, the force analysis of the first annular area, the second annular area, the third annular area, and the fourth annular area is as follows: Figure 7As shown in the figure, assuming the incident angle is θ, the light sail is balanced in the X-axis direction, but the tension in the Z-axis direction is greater than the thrust. Under the action of the incident light, the light sail will move closer to the incident light in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sixth force condition of the metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. Right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area, and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area, and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure. At this time, the force conditions of each area of ​​the light sail body are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the left figure in the figure, the light sail will remain stable. When the light sail rotates clockwise at a certain angle relative to the light field, the forces in various regions of the light sail body are as follows Figure 8 As shown in the right figure in , at this time, the forces in the first circular area, the second circular area, the third circular area, and the fourth circular area remain balanced, but the forces in the first circular area, the second circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the fifth circular area, the sixth circular area, the seventh circular area, and the eighth circular area will no longer remain balanced (the forces in the third and fourth circular areas are downward, and the forces in the seventh and eighth circular areas are upward), and the light sail will rotate counterclockwise until it returns to a stable position, thus realizing the self-stabilization function of the light sail.

[0053] in, Figure 3-Figure 8 The above are just some examples of motion operations that can be realized based on the light sail provided by the present application. Other motion operations can also be realized based on the light sail provided by the present application, such as moving downward, flipping around the X-axis, etc.

[0054] It should be noted that the partition division and phase distribution provided in this embodiment is a specific arrangement that enables the light sail to produce multiple movements such as translation, rotation, flipping, pulling and self-stabilization. The partitions can be reduced according to actual needs while reducing the movement requirements.

[0055] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the area division of the second metasurface structure provided in the embodiment of the present application. If the flipping, self-stabilization and pulling functions remain unchanged, and only the translation function is retained on the light sail plane, the first circular area and the second circular area can be combined into a whole circular area, the third circular area and the fourth circular area can be combined into a whole circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area can be combined into a whole circular area, and the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area can be combined into a whole circular area. Fig. 9 It shows that r>r 0 , and the circular area includes a whole circular area, a whole two circular areas, a whole three circular areas and a whole four circular areas. Specifically, the whole circular area includes the first circular area and the second circular area, the whole two circular areas include the third circular area and the fourth circular area, the whole three circular areas include the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area, and the whole four circular areas include the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area.

[0056] For example, the phase distribution of the whole circular area and the whole three circular areas can be set as At this time, when left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the whole circular area and the whole three circular areas, the resultant force on the light sail is to the left, and the light sail moves to the left; when right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the whole circular area and the whole three circular areas, the resultant force on the light sail is to the right, and the light sail moves to the right. In addition, the phase distribution of the whole circular area and the whole three circular areas can also be At this time, when right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the entire circular area and the entire three circular areas, the resultant force on the light sail is to the left, and the light sail moves to the left; when left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the entire circular area and the entire three circular areas, the resultant force on the light sail is to the right, and the light sail moves to the right. In the case where (x, y) is located in a whole circular area or a whole three circular areas, the phase distribution value of the position is represented, and P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y). In short, the movement of the light sail can be realized by selecting different areas according to the required movement of the light sail, and the phase distribution in different areas and the polarization state of the incident light can be coordinated. All implementation forms are not limited here. The following only introduces the implementation example that can realize all movement modes at the same time and has the simplest structure.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, the first metasurface structure includes a radius r 0 The second metasurface structure includes a circular area with an inner radius of r and an outer radius of R; r ≥ r 0, and R is less than or equal to the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the light sail body; the circular area includes a first circular area, a second circular area, a third circular area, and a fourth circular area; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first circular area includes the metasurface area where y < x and y > -x, the second circular area includes the metasurface area where y > x and y > -x, the third circular area includes the metasurface area where y < -x and y > x, and the fourth circular area includes the metasurface area where y < x and y < -x; the annular area includes a first annular area, a second annular area, a third annular area, a fourth annular area, a fifth annular area, a sixth annular area, a seventh annular area, and an eighth annular area; the first annular area includes the metasurface area where x > 0 and y > x, the second annular area includes the metasurface area where x < 0 and y > -x, the third annular area includes the metasurface area where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth annular area includes the metasurface area where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth annular area includes the metasurface area where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth annular area includes the metasurface area where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh annular area includes the metasurface area where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth annular area includes the metasurface area where y > 0 and y < x; the first circular area and the third circular area satisfy The second circular area and the fourth circular area satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the first circular area or the third circular area; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the second circular area or the fourth circular area; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; the first annular area and the sixth annular area satisfy The second annular area and the fifth annular area satisfy The third annular area and the eighth annular area satisfy The fourth annular area and the seventh annular area satisfy Wherein, represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the first annular area or the sixth annular area; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the second annular area or the fifth annular area; represents the phase distribution value at this position when (x, y) is located in the third annular area or the eighth annular area; Represents the phase distribution value at the position when (x, y) is located within the fourth circular ring region or the seventh circular ring region; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

[0058] Among them, the first circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, which means the first circular region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < x and y > -x. The second circular region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, which means the second circular region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y > x and y > -x. The third circular region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, which means the third circular region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < -x and y > x. The fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x, which means the fourth circular region includes the region on the first metasurface structure that satisfies y < x and y < -x. The first circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, which means the first circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x > 0 and y > x. The second circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, which means the second circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x < 0 and y > -x. The third circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, which means the third circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y > 0 and y < -x. The fourth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, which means the fourth circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y < 0 and y > x. The fifth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, which means the fifth circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x < 0 and y < x. The sixth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, which means the sixth circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies x > 0 and y < -x. The seventh circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, which means the seventh circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y < 0 and y > -x. The eighth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; which means the eighth circular ring region includes the region on the second metasurface structure that satisfies y > 0 and y < x.

[0059] Please refer to Fig.10 , Fig.10 which is a schematic diagram of the region division of the third metasurface structure provided by the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 Shows "r = r 0Moreover, the first metasurface structure is a circular region, and the second metasurface structure is an annular region; the circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, and a fourth circular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second circular region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third circular region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, and the fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; the annular region includes a first annular region, a second annular region, a third annular region, a fourth annular region, a fifth annular region, a sixth annular region, a seventh annular region, and an eighth annular region; the first annular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second annular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third annular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth annular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth annular region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth annular region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh annular region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth annular region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x.”

[0060] In some optional embodiments, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move leftward; and / or, left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the third and seventh circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the fourth and eighth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to move upward; and / or, right-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the second and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and left-handed circularly polarized light is incident on the first and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, so as to control the light sail body to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, elliptically polarized light is incident on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure , incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure obliquely, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure obliquely, so as to control the light sail body to move closer to the incident light along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to be in a stable state.

[0061] Among them, for the stress condition of the metasurface structure in the case where "the first metasurface structure is a circular area and the second metasurface structure is a ring area", reference can be made to the above analysis of the stress condition in the case where "the first metasurface structure is a ring area and the second metasurface structure is a circular area". Detailed description is appropriately omitted here.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure respectively include a plurality of metasurface units; and the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure is adjusted by adjusting geometric parameters or rotation angles of the metasurface units at corresponding positions.

[0063] Among them, the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure can be adjusted by adjusting the geometric parameters of the metasurface unit at the corresponding position; the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure can also be adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle of the metasurface unit at the corresponding position. By adjusting the geometric parameters or the rotation angle of the metasurface unit at the corresponding position, the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure can be adjusted. By adjusting the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure, the first metasurface structure has a Bessel beam phase, and the second metasurface structure has a deflected phase, and then by incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, the translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is realized, thereby improving the control flexibility of the light sail.

[0064] In some optional embodiments, the metasurface unit includes a dielectric nanocolumn; the geometric parameters include one or more of the major axis length, minor axis length, height or period of the dielectric nanocolumn; and the rotation angle is half of the corresponding phase value of the dielectric nanocolumn.

[0065] Among them, the rotation angle ω(x,y) of the dielectric nanocolumn at each position of the metasurface structure satisfies the following constraints: ω(x,y) represents the rotation angle of the dielectric nanorod at (x,y), Represents the phase value at (x, y). The phase value at (x, y) can be determined according to the specific region where (x, y) is located. The dielectric nanocolumns can be anisotropic subwavelength structures, and the geometric dimensions of multiple dielectric nanocolumns (including the major axis length, minor axis length, height, etc. of the dielectric nanocolumns) are the same, but the rotation angles are different. The types of dielectric nanocolumns can be m, where m is the order of the metasurface structure, and the phase difference between the m types of dielectric nanocolumns is And meet The period P of the dielectric nanorods is smaller than the central wavelength λ of the incident light. Specifically, the period P of the dielectric nanorods can be and between, and Between 0.5 and 2.5; wherein n is the refractive index of the dielectric nanorod, and H is the height of the dielectric nanorod. The dielectric nanorod can be disposed on a substrate, and the substrate can be circular, quadrilateral, hexagonal, octagonal or hexadecagonal, etc. When the substrate is a quadrilateral, the length of the quadrilateral substrate can be P x , the width can be P y, the length and width of the quadrilateral base can be equal, and specifically can be 420nm or other reasonable values. The height of the dielectric nanocolumn can be 600nm or other reasonable values. The material of the dielectric nanocolumn can be silicon, titanium dioxide or silicon nitride, etc., and a suitable dielectric nanocolumn material can be selected according to the wavelength of the incident light. By adjusting one or more of the major axis length, minor axis length, height or period of the dielectric nanocolumn to adjust the geometric parameters or rotation angle of the metasurface unit, the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure can be adjusted.

[0066] The present application also provides a light sail control method, which is applied to the light sail as described in the second or third embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprising: by incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, achieving translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body;

[0067] Wherein, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure on the surface of the light sail body, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move leftward; and / or, by incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area and the seventh circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move upward; and / or, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, by incident elliptically polarized light on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure to control the light sail body to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, by obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move closer to the incident light in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state.

[0068] The present application also provides another light sail control method, which is applied to the light sail as described in the fourth or fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprising: by incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, achieving translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body;

[0069] Wherein, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular ring area and the fifth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular ring area and the sixth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move leftward; and / or, by incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular ring area and the seventh circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth circular ring area and the eighth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move upward; and / or, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular ring area and the sixth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular ring area and the fifth circular ring area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, by incident elliptically polarized light on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise. The third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure is incident with left-handed circularly polarized light, and the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, by obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and by obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move closer to the incident light in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure; and / or, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state.

[0070] Among them, the light sail control method partially corresponds to the above-mentioned light sail embodiment. The specific implementation method of the light sail control method can be found in the above description. In order to avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here.

[0071] Please refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11A schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a light sail provided in an embodiment of the present application. The light sail to be constructed includes a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body; the metasurface structure includes a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase that provides torque or tension to the light sail body and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase that provides translational force to the light sail body; the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure are arranged concentrically. The light sail construction method may include the following steps: S101, determining, according to the required motion mode, the Bessel beam phase that provides torque or tension for the light sail body, and / or the distribution area of ​​the deflection phase that provides translational force for the light sail body; S102, determining, according to the distribution area of ​​the Bessel beam phase and the distribution area of ​​the deflection phase, a target metasurface unit that meets the phase distribution constraint from the alternative metasurface units; S103, constructing the light sail to be constructed based on the target metasurface unit; wherein the method for determining the phase distribution constraint includes: by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, achieving translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing motion of the light sail body, so as to determine the phase distribution constraint.

[0072] Among them, the corresponding simulation data (including the phase value after adjustment) can be calculated by simulation software for different geometric parameters of metasurface units, and the phase distribution of each candidate metasurface unit after adjustment for left-handed polarized light / right-handed polarized light can be obtained based on the simulation data. A simulation database can be established to save "the phase distribution of each candidate metasurface unit after adjustment for left-handed polarized light / right-handed polarized light based on the simulation data" to facilitate subsequent data search.

[0073] It should be understood that the light sail construction method partially corresponds to the above-mentioned light sail embodiment. The specific implementation method of the light sail construction method can be found in the description above. To avoid repetition, the detailed description is appropriately omitted here.

[0074] In several embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed structure and method can also be implemented in other ways. The structural embodiments described above are merely schematic, for example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, functions and operations of the structures or methods according to the multiple embodiments of the embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of the code, and a part of the module, program segment or code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order than the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0075] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0076] The above description is only an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A light sail, characterized in that: The light sail includes: a light sail body and a metasurface structure disposed on the surface of the light sail body in a partitioned manner; The metasurface structure includes: a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase for providing torque or tensile force to the light sail body, and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase for providing translational force to the light sail body; the first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure are concentrically arranged; Wherein, by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, translational, rotational, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing motion of the light sail body is realized.

2. The light sail according to claim 1, characterized in that Wherein, The first metasurface structure includes an annular region with an inner circle radius of r and an outer circle radius of R, and the second metasurface structure includes a circular region with a radius of r0; r≥r0, and R is less than or equal to the maximum inscribed circle radius of the light sail body; The annular region includes a first annular region, a second annular region, a third annular region and a fourth annular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first annular region includes a metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second annular region includes a metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third annular region includes a metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, and the fourth annular region includes a metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; The circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, a fourth circular region, a fifth circular region, a sixth circular region, a seventh circular region, and an eighth circular region; the first circular region includes a metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second circular region includes a metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third circular region includes a metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth circular region includes a metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth circular region includes a metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth circular region includes a metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh circular region includes a metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth circular region includes a metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; The first annular area and the third annular area satisfy The second annular area and the fourth annular area satisfy in, Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located within the first circular ring area or the third circular ring area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the second annular region or the fourth annular region; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; The first circular area and the sixth circular area satisfy The second circular area and the fifth circular area satisfy The third circular area and the eighth circular area satisfy The fourth circular area and the seventh circular area satisfy in, represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located within the first circular area or the sixth circular area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the second circular area or the fifth circular area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the third circular area or the eighth circular area; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the fourth circular area or the seventh circular area; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

3. The light sail according to claim 2, characterized in that: Wherein, By incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular region and the fifth circular region of the metasurface structure, and incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular region and the sixth circular region of the metasurface structure, to control the light sail body to move leftward; and / or, By incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular region and the seventh circular region of the metasurface structure, and incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth circular region and the eighth circular region of the metasurface structure, to control the light sail body to move upward; and / or, By incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular region and the sixth circular region of the metasurface structure, and incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular region and the fifth circular region of the metasurface structure, to control the light sail body to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, By incident elliptically polarized light on the first circular ring region of the metasurface structure and left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular ring region of the metasurface structure, to control the flipping motion of the sail body along the Y-axis; and / or, By obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular ring region and the third circular ring region of the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular ring region and the fourth circular ring region of the metasurface structure, to control the movement of the sail body along the direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure towards the incident light; and / or, By incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular ring region, the fourth circular ring region, the first circular region, the second circular region, the fifth circular region, and the sixth circular region of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular ring region, the third circular ring region, the third circular region, the fourth circular region, the seventh circular region, and the eighth circular region of the metasurface structure, to control the sail body to be in a stable state.

4. The light sail according to claim 1, characterized in that Wherein, The first metasurface structure includes a circular region with a radius of r0, and the second metasurface structure includes a circular ring region with an inner circle radius of r and an outer circle radius of R; r≥r0, and R is less than or equal to the maximum inscribed circle radius of the sail body; The circular region includes a first circular region, a second circular region, a third circular region, and a fourth circular region; in a coordinate system with the geometric center point of the metasurface structure as the coordinate origin, the first circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y > -x, the second circular region includes the metasurface region where y > x and y > -x, the third circular region includes the metasurface region where y < -x and y > x, and the fourth circular region includes the metasurface region where y < x and y < -x; The circular ring region includes a first circular ring region, a second circular ring region, a third circular ring region, a fourth circular ring region, a fifth circular ring region, a sixth circular ring region, a seventh circular ring region, and an eighth circular ring region; the first circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y > x, the second circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y > -x, the third circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < -x, the fourth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > x, the fifth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x < 0 and y < x, the sixth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where x > 0 and y < -x, the seventh circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y < 0 and y > -x, and the eighth circular ring region includes the metasurface region where y > 0 and y < x; The first circular area and the third circular area satisfy The second circular area and the fourth circular area satisfy in, represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the first circular area or the third circular area; represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the second circular area or the fourth circular area; α represents the cone angle of the Bessel beam; λ represents the central wavelength of the incident light; The first annular area and the sixth annular area satisfy The second annular area and the fifth annular area satisfy The third annular area and the eighth annular area satisfy The fourth annular area and the seventh annular area satisfy in, Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located within the first circular ring area or the sixth circular ring area; Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located within the second circular ring area or the fifth circular ring area; Indicates the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the third circular ring area or the eighth circular ring area; It represents the phase distribution value of the position when (x, y) is located in the fourth circular ring area or the seventh circular ring area; P represents the period of the metasurface structure corresponding to the position (x, y).

5. The light sail according to claim 4, characterized in that: Wherein, By incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular ring region and the fifth circular ring region of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular ring region and the sixth circular ring region of the metasurface structure, to control the leftward movement of the sail body; and / or, By incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular ring region and the seventh circular ring region of the metasurface structure, and incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the fourth circular ring region and the eighth circular ring region of the metasurface structure, to control the upward movement of the sail body; and / or, By incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, By incident elliptically polarized light on the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y axis; and / or, By obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure close to the incident light; and / or, The light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state by incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light into the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light into the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure.

6. The light sail according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: in, The first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure respectively include a plurality of metasurface units; and the phase distribution of the first metasurface structure or the second metasurface structure is adjusted by adjusting the geometric parameters or rotation angles of the metasurface units at corresponding positions.

7. The light sail according to claim 6, characterized in that in, The metasurface unit includes dielectric nanopillars; The geometric parameters include one or more of the major axis length, minor axis length, height or period of the dielectric nanocolumn; and the rotation angle is half of the corresponding phase value of the dielectric nanocolumn.

8. A light sail control method, characterized in that: The method is used to control the light sail as claimed in claim 2 or 3, the method comprising: By incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, a translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is achieved; wherein, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light onto the second circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure on the surface of the light sail body, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light onto the first circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move leftward; and / or, Controlling the light sail body to move upward by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light onto the third circular area and the seventh circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light onto the fourth circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure; and / or, By incident right-handed circularly polarized light onto the second circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light onto the first circular area and the fifth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, By incident elliptically polarized light onto the first annular region of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light onto the third annular region of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, By obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first and third annular regions of the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second and fourth annular regions of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move in a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure and close to the incident light; and / or, The light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure.

9. A light sail control method, characterized in that: The method is used to control the light sail as claimed in claim 4 or 5, the method comprising: By incident left-handed circularly polarized light or / and right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure or / and the second metasurface structure, a translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is achieved; wherein, by incident right-handed circularly polarized light onto the second annular region and the fifth annular region of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light onto the first annular region and the sixth annular region of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move leftward; and / or, Controlling the light sail body to move upward by incidenting left-handed circularly polarized light onto the third and seventh circular ring regions of the metasurface structure, and incidenting right-handed circularly polarized light onto the fourth and eighth circular ring regions of the metasurface structure; and / or, By incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second and sixth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first and fifth circular ring areas of the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to rotate counterclockwise; and / or, By incident elliptically polarized light onto the first circular area of ​​the metasurface structure and incident left-handed circularly polarized light onto the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to flip along the Y-axis; and / or, By obliquely incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area and the third circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and obliquely incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area and the fourth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, the light sail body is controlled to move along a direction perpendicular to the metasurface structure and close to the incident light; and / or, The light sail body is controlled to be in a stable state by incident right-handed circularly polarized light on the second circular area, the fourth circular area, the first circular area, the second circular area, the fifth circular area and the sixth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure, and incident left-handed circularly polarized light on the first circular area, the third circular area, the third circular area, the fourth circular area, the seventh circular area and the eighth circular area of ​​the metasurface structure.

10. A method for constructing a light sail, characterized in that: The light sail to be constructed comprises a light sail body and a metasurface structure arranged in zones on the surface of the light sail body; the metasurface structure comprises a first metasurface structure having a Bessel beam phase providing torque or tension for the light sail body and a second metasurface structure having a deflection phase providing translational force for the light sail body; The first metasurface structure and the second metasurface structure are arranged concentrically; The method comprises: According to the required motion mode, determining the distribution area of ​​the Bessel beam phase that provides torque or tension to the light sail body, and / or the deflection phase that provides translational force to the light sail body; Determining a target metasurface unit that meets a phase distribution constraint condition from the candidate metasurface units according to a distribution area of ​​the Bessel beam phase and a distribution area of ​​the deflection phase; Constructing the light sail to be constructed based on the target metasurface unit; Among them, the method for determining the phase distribution constraint condition includes: by incident left-handed circularly polarized light and / or right-handed circularly polarized light on the first metasurface structure and / or the second metasurface structure, the translation, rotation, flipping, pulling or self-stabilizing movement of the light sail body is achieved to determine the phase distribution constraint condition.

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