Hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, hydrogen internal combustion engine and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel hydrogen internal combustion engines, in particular to a safety control method for a hydrogen internal combustion engine. The safety control method for the hydrogen internal combustion engine comprises the following steps that a first hydrogen concentration value in a crankcase is obtained, and preset control logic is executed according to the fact that the first hydrogen concentration value is within a preset range. According to the safety control method for the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase is obtained in real time, the corresponding control logic is executed according to whether the concentration value is within the preset safety range or not, and therefore potential safety hazards caused by cylinder score faults are effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel hydrogen internal combustion engines, and in particular to a safety control method for hydrogen internal combustion engines. Background Art

[0002] As a zero-carbon emission power system, hydrogen fuel internal combustion engines have broad development prospects in the future transportation field, especially in road vehicles and non-road application scenarios. However, compared with traditional fuel internal combustion engines, hydrogen fuel internal combustion engines face some unique challenges in operation. Since hydrogen has a wide range of explosion limits (4.0% to 75.6%), hydrogen leakage and accumulation in hydrogen fuel internal combustion engines may cause serious safety hazards.

[0003] In particular, in the crankcase of a hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, if the first hydrogen concentration value increases due to problems such as piston ring wear, piston ring deformation or cylinder pulling, there is a risk of explosion. Traditional internal combustion engines usually rely on oil-gas separators to control the gas concentration in the crankcase, but in hydrogen fuel internal combustion engines, conventional control methods may not be sufficient to deal with sudden hydrogen leaks. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to at least solve the problem of how to deal with the problem of too high a first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase during the operation of a hydrogen internal combustion engine. This purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Acquiring a first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase;

[0007] According to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, a preset control logic is executed.

[0008] According to the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method of the present invention, by obtaining the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase in real time, and executing the corresponding control logic according to whether the concentration value is within the preset safety range, the safety hazard caused by the cylinder pull failure can be effectively prevented. Specifically, through the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method of the present invention, the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase can be continuously monitored during the operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and hydrogen leakage caused by failures such as cylinder pull caused by piston ring wear or deformation can be detected in time. When the first hydrogen concentration value exceeds the safety range, the hydrogen internal combustion engine can automatically take appropriate protective measures, such as adjusting the working state of the oil-gas separator, reducing or stopping the injection of hydrogen, or even shutting down for maintenance, so as to avoid safety accidents such as explosions caused by excessively high first hydrogen concentration values. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method not only improves the operating safety of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, but also can extend the service life of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, reduce the economic losses caused by mechanical failures, and has significant industrial application value.

[0009] In addition, the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, according to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, executing a preset control logic includes:

[0011] The preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the preset control logic is that the hydrogen internal combustion engine maintains an original working state.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, according to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, executing a preset control logic includes:

[0013] The preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, and the preset control logic is to increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the preset control logic further includes the following steps after the step of increasing the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator:

[0015] If the first hydrogen concentration value continues to rise to within a preset range that is greater than the second preset value and less than or equal to the third preset value, the preset control logic is to cut off the hydrogen injection and shut down for maintenance.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the preset control logic further includes the following steps after the step of increasing the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator:

[0017] If the first hydrogen concentration value drops to less than or equal to a first preset value, the preset control logic is to reduce the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, before the step of executing a preset control logic according to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, the method further includes:

[0019] After a preset time, obtaining a second hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase again;

[0020] Determining whether a difference between the second hydrogen concentration value and the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than a preset threshold;

[0021] According to the difference being greater than the preset threshold, the hydrogen injection is cut off and the machine is shut down for maintenance.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset time is within 2s-3s, and the preset threshold is 5000ppm.

[0023] A second aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine for implementing the above-mentioned hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, comprising:

[0024] Combustion chamber;

[0025] A crankcase, wherein the crankcase is disposed below the combustion chamber;

[0026] A hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the hydrogen concentration sensor is disposed in the crankcase;

[0027] an oil-gas separator, the oil-gas separator being in communication with an outlet of the crankcase;

[0028] A fuel injection device, the fuel injection device comprising at least one injector, the injection port of the injector being connected to the combustion chamber and used for injecting hydrogen into the combustion chamber;

[0029] A control device is electrically connected to the hydrogen concentration sensor, the oil-gas separator and the injector respectively.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control device is an ECU (on-board control unit).

[0031] A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned hydrogen internal combustion engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 A first flow chart of a hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0034] Figure 2 A second flow chart schematically shows a hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 The structural diagram of a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0036] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0037] 10. Combustion chamber; 20. Crankcase; 30. Hydrogen concentration sensor; 40. Oil-gas separator; 50. Fuel injection device; 60. Control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0039] It should be understood that the terms used in the text are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments, and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used in the text may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0040] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0041] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, then the elements described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." can include both above and below orientations.

[0042] Before explaining the safety control method of hydrogen internal combustion engine, Figure 3As shown, a hydrogen internal combustion engine provided in the present embodiment is first described, and the hydrogen internal combustion engine is used to implement the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method. The hydrogen internal combustion engine comprises a combustion chamber 10, a crankcase 20, a hydrogen concentration sensor 30, an oil-gas separator 40, a fuel injection device 50 and a control device 60, wherein the crankcase 20 is arranged below the combustion chamber 10 (for accommodating the crankshaft and providing lubricating oil for the moving parts of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. At the same time, hydrogen leakage may occur inside the crankcase 20 due to wear or failure of the piston ring), the hydrogen concentration sensor 30 is arranged in the crankcase 20, the oil-gas separator 40 is connected to the outlet of the crankcase 20, the fuel injection device 50 comprises at least one injector, and the injection port of the injector is connected to the combustion chamber 10, and is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber 10, and the control device 60 is electrically connected to the hydrogen concentration sensor 30, the oil-gas separator 40 and the injector, respectively. Specifically, the combustion chamber 10 is the core area where hydrogen fuel and air are mixed and undergo combustion reaction, providing the power output of the internal combustion engine; the hydrogen concentration sensor 30 is installed in the crankcase 20, and is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the crankcase 20 in real time. The hydrogen concentration sensor 30 transmits the detected hydrogen concentration data to the control device 60 to determine whether there is an abnormal hydrogen leak; the oil-gas separator 40 is connected to the outlet of the crankcase 20, and is responsible for separating the gas and oil mist in the crankcase 20. The separated hydrogen is discharged from the crankcase 20, reducing the accumulation of hydrogen in the crankcase 20 and avoiding safety hazards; the fuel injection device 50 includes at least one injector, the injection port of the injector is connected to the combustion chamber 10, and is used to accurately inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber 10 for combustion reaction. The injector controls the injection amount and injection timing of hydrogen through the control device 60 to ensure the combustion efficiency of the engine under various working conditions; the control device 60 is electrically connected to the hydrogen concentration sensor 30, the oil-gas separator 40 and the injector, and is responsible for real-time control of the operating state of the oil-gas separator 40 and the working condition of the fuel injection device 50 according to the data provided by the hydrogen concentration sensor 30. When it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the crankcase 20 exceeds the preset range, the control device 60 can automatically adjust the speed of the oil-gas separator 40, or cut off the hydrogen injection and shut down when necessary to ensure the safe operation of the engine.

[0043] Specifically, the control device 60 is an ECU.

[0044] Specifically, the control device 60 includes a storage medium for storing the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method. The storage medium may be a solid state drive, a flash memory or other suitable storage device for long-term storage and calling of the control logic and data of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0045] It should be noted that the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method of the present embodiment is a safety control method for a running hydrogen internal combustion engine, so before running the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, it is necessary to ensure that the hydrogen internal combustion engine is in operation.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Acquire a first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20;

[0048] According to the first hydrogen concentration value being within the preset range, the preset control logic is executed.

[0049] According to the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method of the present invention, by obtaining the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 in real time, and executing the corresponding control logic according to whether the concentration value is within the preset safety range, the safety hazard caused by the cylinder pull failure can be effectively prevented. Specifically, through the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method of the present invention, the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 can be continuously monitored during the operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and hydrogen leakage caused by failures such as cylinder pull caused by piston ring wear or deformation can be detected in time. When the first hydrogen concentration value exceeds the safety range, the hydrogen internal combustion engine can automatically take appropriate protective measures, such as adjusting the working state of the oil-gas separator 40, reducing or stopping the injection of hydrogen, or even shutting down for maintenance, so as to avoid safety accidents such as explosions caused by excessively high first hydrogen concentration values. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method not only improves the operating safety of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, but also can extend the service life of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, reduce the economic losses caused by mechanical failures, and has significant industrial application value.

[0050] In the safety control method of a hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine provided in some embodiments, the corresponding preset control logic is executed according to whether the first hydrogen concentration value is within a preset range. Specifically, when the detected first hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to the first preset value (generally 20000ppm, i.e. 2%), the control device 60 determines that the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is within a safe range. At this time, the preset control logic is to maintain the original working state of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine without any adjustment or intervention. Further, when the first hydrogen concentration value is maintained below 20000ppm, the control device 60 will continue to monitor the first hydrogen concentration value to ensure that it is stable within a safe range. If the first hydrogen concentration value remains stable, the hydrogen internal combustion engine will continue to operate with the set parameters, ensuring power output while avoiding unnecessary shutdown or adjustment operations. This can effectively improve the operating efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and reduce fuel consumption and operating instability caused by unnecessary intervention operations. This embodiment achieves precise control of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine by setting a preset safety range (≤20000ppm) of the first hydrogen concentration value and maintaining the original working state of the engine when the first hydrogen concentration value is within this range. When the concentration is at a safe level, the control device 60 does not intervene, effectively avoiding engine performance fluctuations caused by frequent adjustments and ensuring the smooth operation of the engine. In addition, this embodiment can significantly reduce fuel consumption and mechanical wear caused by unnecessary control operations, thereby improving the economy and reliability of the engine. At the same time, by continuously monitoring the first hydrogen concentration value, any potential concentration exceeding the standard can be responded to quickly to ensure that the safe operation of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine can be maintained at any time, thereby greatly improving the safety and service life of the entire machine.

[0051] In some embodiments, in the safety control method of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine of the present invention, when it is detected that the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is in a preset range greater than 20000ppm and less than or equal to the second preset value (generally 35000ppm), the control device 60 will execute the corresponding preset control logic. Specifically, when the first hydrogen concentration value exceeds 20000ppm but is still within 35000ppm, the control device 60 will judge that the first hydrogen concentration value at this time has exceeded the normal safety range but has not reached the dangerous level. To this end, the control device 60 will automatically increase the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to accelerate the discharge of hydrogen from the crankcase 20, reduce the first hydrogen concentration value, and thus prevent the concentration from further increasing. In this embodiment, the speed adjustment of the oil-gas separator 40 is completed by the control device 60 (ECU) of the engine. The control device 60 accurately controls the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 according to the first hydrogen concentration value data monitored in real time to ensure that the first hydrogen concentration value is reduced to a safe range (≤20000ppm) in the shortest time. Meanwhile, the control device 60 will continue to monitor the first hydrogen concentration value to ensure the effectiveness of the adjustment measures. If the first hydrogen concentration value continues to decrease and returns to a safe range, the control device 60 will restore the original speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to maintain the normal operation of the engine.

[0052] It is understandable that in the safety control method of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, when it is detected that the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 20000ppm and less than or equal to 35000ppm, the control device 60 first reduces the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 by increasing the speed of the oil-gas separator 40. However, if after this measure is implemented, the first hydrogen concentration value continues to rise and enters a higher preset range, that is, greater than 35000ppm and less than or equal to the third preset value (generally 50000ppm), in order to prevent hydrogen from further entering the crankcase 20, the control device 60 will immediately cut off the hydrogen injection and trigger the shutdown procedure of the hydrogen internal combustion engine to force the engine to stop running to avoid any further danger. By introducing this embodiment, when the first hydrogen concentration value continues to rise and enters a higher preset range of 35000ppm to 50000ppm, the system can quickly take more severe countermeasures to ensure that the engine is safely shut down before the first hydrogen concentration value reaches a dangerous critical point. This measure greatly improves the response speed and safety of the system, and effectively prevents the risk of explosion or other major accidents caused by the excessively high first hydrogen concentration value. In addition, this embodiment also ensures that when the first hydrogen concentration value exceeds the controllable range, the system can immediately take measures to cut off the hydrogen injection and shut down to avoid any further hydrogen accumulation and combustion. This not only protects the safe operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, but also provides the necessary time for fault detection and repair, reducing equipment damage and downtime caused by faults. Ultimately, this embodiment significantly improves the safety and reliability of hydrogen internal combustion engines in high-risk situations, while extending the service life of the equipment.

[0053] It is understandable that in another case, in the safety control method of the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine, when it is detected that the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 20000ppm and less than or equal to 35000ppm, the control device 60 first reduces the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 by increasing the speed of the oil-gas separator 40. If after a period of time, the first hydrogen concentration value is successfully reduced and falls back to less than or equal to 20000ppm, it indicates that the first hydrogen concentration value has returned to the safe range. At this time, the control device 60 will gradually reduce the speed of the oil-gas separator 40, for example, reduce it to the normal operating speed of 1000RPM, so as to maintain the normal operating state of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, while continuing to monitor the changes in the first hydrogen concentration value. After the first hydrogen concentration value drops below 20000ppm, the control device 60 will continue to monitor the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 to ensure that it is stable within the safe range. If the first hydrogen concentration value rises again, the control device 60 will re-execute the corresponding adjustment measures. Through this embodiment, the control device 60 can timely reduce the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 and restore it to normal operation after the first hydrogen concentration value returns to a safe range (≤20000ppm). This design not only effectively saves energy, but also reduces the mechanical wear of the equipment and extends the service life of the oil-gas separator 40. At the same time, this flexible speed adjustment mechanism ensures that after the first hydrogen concentration value drops to a safe level, the control device 60 will not continue to perform unnecessary high-intensity exhaust operations, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. In addition, continuous concentration monitoring and timely response control measures further improve the safety and reliability of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, ensure that it can operate smoothly under various operating conditions, and reduce fuel waste and operational instability caused by excessive intervention.

[0054] Specifically, in the hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, determining a reasonable detection time interval is crucial to ensure real-time monitoring of changes in the first hydrogen concentration value. This detection time interval should be short enough to respond to changes in the first hydrogen concentration value in a timely manner, but not too frequent, resulting in unnecessary system load and resource consumption. In practical applications, the detection time interval of the first hydrogen concentration value is usually set to detect once per second, that is, a time interval of 1 second. First, a detection frequency of once every 1 second can quickly capture any abnormal changes in the first hydrogen concentration value, especially when the first hydrogen concentration value rises or falls rapidly, which can ensure that the system responds in time and executes the corresponding control logic. Secondly, a detection time interval of 1 second is a reasonable balance point for the control device 60, which can provide sufficient detection accuracy without significantly burdening the performance of the control device 60.

[0055] Specifically, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is a key parameter to ensure that the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 can be maintained within a safe range. Among them, when the first hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to 20000ppm, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is 1000RPM (normal rotation speed), at this time, the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is within a safe range, and the oil-gas separator 40 maintains a normal operating state and does not require additional adjustment; when the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 20000ppm and less than or equal to 25000ppm, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is 1500RPM, which means that the first hydrogen concentration value slightly exceeds the safe range, and the control device 60 begins to increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to accelerate the discharge of hydrogen in the crankcase 20 to prevent the concentration from further increasing; when the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 25000ppm and less than or equal to 30000ppm, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is 2000RPM, which means that the first hydrogen concentration value is slightly beyond the safe range. As the hydrogen concentration value further increases, the control device 60 needs to significantly increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to more quickly reduce the first hydrogen concentration value; when the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 30,000 ppm and less than or equal to 35,000 ppm, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is 2,500 RPM, which means that the first hydrogen concentration value is close to a dangerous level. The oil-gas separator 40 runs at a high speed to discharge the hydrogen in the crankcase 20 to the maximum extent to prevent the concentration from reaching a dangerous critical point; when the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than 35,000 ppm, the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is 3,000 RPM and the hydrogen injection is stopped immediately, which means that the first hydrogen concentration value has exceeded the safety range. The control device 60 adjusts the oil-gas separator 40 to the maximum speed, and at the same time, stops the hydrogen injection and shuts down immediately to avoid serious accidents.

[0056] Further, when the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is greater than 35000ppm, the hydrogen internal combustion engine immediately stops hydrogen injection and performs a shutdown operation. In the initial stage after shutdown, the oil-gas separator 40 will continue to operate at 3000RPM to ensure that the residual hydrogen in the crankcase 20 is quickly discharged. The duration of the oil-gas separator 40 running at the maximum speed can be set to 3-5 minutes, and the specific time is determined according to the actual test results to ensure that the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 drops below the safe range (≤20000ppm). During the maximum speed operation, the system will continue to monitor the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20. When the first hydrogen concentration value drops below 20000ppm, the control device 60 gradually reduces the speed of the oil-gas separator 40. For example, it is reduced by 500RPM per minute until the speed drops to 1000RPM, and this speed is maintained for another 1-2 minutes to ensure that the concentration is stable within the safe range. This embodiment ensures that the hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine is completely discharged by continuing to operate the oil-gas separator 40 after the hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine is shut down, significantly reducing the safety hazard caused by residual hydrogen. After stopping the hydrogen injection, this control method still keeps the oil-gas separator 40 running at a high speed and gradually reduces the speed until the first hydrogen concentration value stabilizes within a safe range, further improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0057] In some embodiments, before the step of executing the preset control logic according to the first hydrogen concentration value being within the preset range, it also includes, after a preset time, obtaining the second hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 again, judging whether the difference between the second hydrogen concentration value and the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the preset threshold value, and cutting off the hydrogen injection and shutting down for maintenance according to the difference being greater than the preset threshold value. The control logic of this embodiment is that the control device 60 calculates the difference between the second hydrogen concentration value and the first hydrogen concentration value, and judges whether the difference exceeds the preset threshold value. If the difference is greater than the preset threshold value, it means that the hydrogen concentration rises rapidly in a short time, which indicates that there may be a rapid and large amount of hydrogen leakage. Even if the first hydrogen concentration value may be within a safe range (for example, less than 20000ppm), this mutation still indicates that the hydrogen internal combustion engine may have a serious fault. In the above case, the control device 60 will immediately cut off the hydrogen injection and perform a shutdown operation to prevent further hydrogen leakage or combustion. The control device 60 also issues an alarm, indicating that emergency maintenance is required to find and repair the fault that causes the rapid increase in hydrogen concentration. This embodiment enhances the safety control capability of the system during the operation of the hydrogen internal combustion engine by introducing secondary monitoring of the trend of hydrogen concentration changes. Specifically, this embodiment not only focuses on whether the first hydrogen concentration value is within the safe range, but also pays attention to the rate of change of the concentration value in a short period of time. Even if the hydrogen concentration is within the safe range during the initial detection, if the concentration value rises rapidly in a short period of time, this usually indicates that there may be a more serious fault inside the system, such as piston ring damage or other problems that cause a large amount of hydrogen leakage. By implementing this more rigorous detection and response mechanism, the control device 60 can promptly identify and handle abnormal changes in hydrogen concentration, and effectively avoid explosions or other safety accidents caused by rapid accumulation of hydrogen. This solution significantly improves the safety and reliability of hydrogen internal combustion engines, especially when dealing with sudden leakage incidents, it can ensure that the engine is shut down quickly and safely, prevent the fault from further deteriorating, and protect the safety of equipment and personnel.

[0058] It is understandable that the preset time can be within 2s-3s, and the preset threshold is 5000ppm. First, setting a time interval of 2-3 seconds enables the system to detect changes in hydrogen concentration in almost real time. Hydrogen is a very flammable and dangerous gas, especially in hydrogen internal combustion engines, and its explosion limit range is wide. Therefore, secondary detection in a short time (2-3 seconds) can timely capture the sharp increase in concentration caused by leakage or other faults, so as to quickly take countermeasures to prevent accidents. Secondly, selecting 5000ppm as the preset threshold for concentration change can ensure that the system has sufficient detection accuracy for sensitive changes in hydrogen concentration. The threshold setting of 5000ppm takes into account the potential danger of hydrogen and the concentration fluctuation range in the normal operation of the internal combustion engine. This value is sensitive enough to issue an alarm and perform a safe shutdown in time when the hydrogen concentration begins to rise significantly. In summary, the detection of an increase in hydrogen concentration of more than 5000ppm within 2-3 seconds indicates that there may be a significant hydrogen leak inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine, and this rapid and large concentration change is usually a harbinger of a major failure. By setting this time and threshold, the control device 60 can make a quick judgment, cut off the hydrogen injection and shut down the machine to prevent explosions or other major safety accidents caused by excessive concentrations.

[0059] It is understandable that in addition to the method of observing the preset threshold, it also includes observing the slope of the hydrogen concentration curve. Under normal circumstances, the hydrogen concentration curve should be relatively stable, and the slope is close to zero, that is, the rate of change of the hydrogen concentration is low. If the hydrogen concentration fluctuates significantly in a short period of time, the slope of the curve will increase significantly, showing a sharp rise or fall. The control device 60 sets a reasonable slope threshold to determine whether the change in hydrogen concentration is abnormal. If the curve slope is detected to exceed the threshold within a preset time (for example, within 2-3 seconds), the control device 60 will determine that the hydrogen concentration fluctuates greatly, and there may be a large amount of hydrogen leakage or other faults.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] In Example 1, when the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is detected to be less than or equal to 20000 ppm, the system determines that the hydrogen concentration is within a safe range. The preset control logic at this time is:

[0062] Maintain the existing state: the hydrogen internal combustion engine will maintain the normal speed of the oil-gas separator 40 without performing additional adjustment operations, and the fuel injection device 50 and other engine components will maintain normal working conditions.

[0063] Continue monitoring: The control device 60 continues to monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time to ensure that it is stable within a safe range. If there is a change, the control device 60 will take further control measures according to the change.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] In Embodiment 2, when the first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase 20 is detected to be greater than 20,000 ppm but less than or equal to 35,000 ppm, the control device 60 determines that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the normal safety range but has not yet reached a dangerous level. The preset control logic at this time is:

[0066] Increase the speed of the oil-gas separator 40: The system will increase the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to accelerate the discharge of hydrogen in the crankcase 20, and strive to reduce the hydrogen concentration to a safe range.

[0067] Continue monitoring: The control device 60 will continue to monitor the hydrogen concentration after adjusting the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to ensure that it drops to a safe range. If the hydrogen concentration continues to rise, more stringent control measures will be implemented.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] On the basis of Example 2, after the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 is increased, if the hydrogen concentration continues to rise to greater than 35000 ppm but less than or equal to 50000 ppm, the system will determine that the hydrogen concentration has reached a dangerous level. The preset control logic at this time is:

[0070] Cut off hydrogen injection: The control device 60 will immediately stop the hydrogen injection to prevent more hydrogen from entering the combustion chamber 10.

[0071] Shutdown operation: The control device 60 will trigger the engine shutdown, forcing it to stop running to avoid further safety risks.

[0072] Notify maintenance: The control device 60 issues an alarm to notify the operator to perform emergency maintenance to find and repair the fault that causes the abnormal increase in hydrogen concentration.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] On the basis of Example 2, when the hydrogen concentration is detected to be higher than 20000 ppm and less than or equal to 35000 ppm, the control device 60 reduces the hydrogen concentration to below 20000 ppm by increasing the speed of the oil-gas separator 40. The preset control logic at this time is:

[0075] Lowering the speed of the oil-gas separator 40: The control device 60 will gradually lower the speed of the oil-gas separator 40 to restore it to a normal working state.

[0076] Continue monitoring: During the process of reducing the speed, the control device 60 continues to monitor the hydrogen concentration to ensure that it is stable within a safe range. If there is a change, the control device 60 will adjust it again.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] In Example 5, the control device 60 not only monitors the first hydrogen concentration value, but also obtains the second hydrogen concentration value again by setting a time interval of 2-3 seconds, and calculates the concentration change difference between the two detections. If the difference exceeds 5000ppm, no matter which interval the first hydrogen concentration value is in, the control device 60 will execute the following preset control logic:

[0079] Cut off hydrogen injection: Control to immediately stop hydrogen injection to prevent further leakage of hydrogen.

[0080] Shutdown operation: The control device will trigger the engine to shut down to prevent the hydrogen concentration from continuing to rise rapidly and avoid safety accidents.

[0081] Notify maintenance: The control device 60 issues an alarm to prompt the operator to perform an emergency inspection to determine and repair the possible source of the fault.

[0082] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0083] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method, characterized in that: The steps include: Acquiring a first hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase; According to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, a preset control logic is executed.

2. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, executing a preset control logic includes: The preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is less than or equal to a first preset value, and the preset control logic is that the hydrogen internal combustion engine maintains an original working state.

3. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, executing a preset control logic includes: The preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, and the preset control logic is to increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator.

4. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the preset control logic is to increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator and further include: If the first hydrogen concentration value continues to rise to a preset range greater than the second preset value and less than or equal to the third preset value, the preset control logic is to cut off the hydrogen injection and shut down for maintenance.

5. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the preset range of the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, the preset control logic is to increase the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator and further include: If the first hydrogen concentration value drops to less than or equal to a first preset value, the preset control logic is to reduce the rotation speed of the oil-gas separator.

6. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of executing a preset control logic according to the first hydrogen concentration value being within a preset range, the step further includes: After a preset time, obtaining a second hydrogen concentration value in the crankcase again; Determining whether a difference between the second hydrogen concentration value and the first hydrogen concentration value is greater than a preset threshold; According to the difference being greater than the preset threshold, the hydrogen injection is cut off and the machine is shut down for maintenance.

7. The hydrogen internal combustion engine safety control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset time is within 2s-3s, and the preset threshold is 5000ppm.

8. A hydrogen internal combustion engine, characterized in that: A method for implementing the safety control method of a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: Combustion chamber; A crankcase, wherein the crankcase is disposed below the combustion chamber; A hydrogen concentration sensor, wherein the hydrogen concentration sensor is disposed in the crankcase; an oil-gas separator, the oil-gas separator being in communication with an outlet of the crankcase; A fuel injection device, the fuel injection device comprising at least one injector, the injection port of the injector being in communication with the combustion chamber, and being used for injecting hydrogen into the combustion chamber; A control device is electrically connected to the hydrogen concentration sensor, the oil-gas separator and the injector respectively.

9. A hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control device is an ECU.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 8 or 9.

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