Roadway cross section deformation monitoring system and method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging

Abstract

The application provides a roadway section deformation monitoring system and method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, belongs to the technical field of roadway site deformation monitoring, and comprises two anchor claws, an upper end steel wire rope, a steel wire rope lock buckle, a lower end steel wire rope, a shell, a multi-point laser ranging device, an infrared receiver and a control panel. The system realizes deformation monitoring of the whole section through the cooperative work of the two anchor claws and the three multi-point laser ranging devices, stores and displays the measurement values before and after deformation through a digital display, does not need manual calculation in the operation process, and can guarantee the accuracy of the measurement results. Through the measurement and monitoring of the roadway deformation, the roadway deformation information is accurately mastered, targeted repair of the roadway can be carried out in time, and the safety of the roadway and the life safety of the staff are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway site deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a roadway section deformation monitoring system and method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging. BACKGROUND

[0002] Roadway deformation monitoring is an important link in mine safety production, which is directly related to the stability and production efficiency of the mine. With the increase of mining depth, the rock pressure increases, and the deformation and damage of the roadway surrounding rock become a problem that needs to be considered in mining. Traditional roadway deformation monitoring methods, such as cross-point method, have the disadvantages of large error, large workload, low efficiency, etc.

[0003] A safe roadway deformation monitoring method is disclosed in Chinese patent (publication number: CN117739850A), in which a first mine intrinsic safety laser range finder, a second mine intrinsic safety laser range finder and a third mine intrinsic safety laser range finder are installed every 50m on the left side, right side and top of the roadway respectively, and a mine intrinsic safety surrounding rock separation monitoring instrument is installed on the top of the roadway to observe the convergence of the roof and floor and the two sides of the roadway in real time. The observation data is transmitted to the ground database through the underground ring network, and the ground database saves all the monitored data and provides real-time deformation analysis and summary. However, this method requires the installation of mine intrinsic safety laser range finders at multiple positions in the roadway, which requires too much manual labor, is troublesome to install, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and requires separate collection of data from each device, greatly increasing the complexity of data management and causing inconsistency in the data. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a roadway section deformation monitoring system and method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, which can efficiently and accurately monitor roadway deformation and reduce labor intensity, comprising:

[0005] A roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, comprising:

[0006] Two anchor claws, one of which is installed on a first base point in the measuring point hole, and the other of which is installed on a second base point in the measuring point hole, the depth of the second base point in the hole being greater than the depth of the first base point in the hole;

[0007] Upper end steel wire ropes, steel wire rope locks and lower end steel wire ropes, two upper end steel wire ropes are connected with two anchor claws respectively, the ends of the two upper end steel wire ropes away from the anchor claws are connected with two lower end steel wire ropes through steel wire rope locks respectively, and two lower end steel wire ropes are connected with the signal converter, when the layer plate at the position of the measuring point separates, two anchor claws transmit signals to the signal converter to obtain the subsidence of the layer plate at the position of the measuring point.

[0008] a shell, the signal converter is installed in the shell;

[0009] a plurality of point laser ranging devices, an infrared receiver and a control panel, the plurality of point laser ranging devices, the infrared receiver and the control panel are installed in the shell, the infrared receiver and the control panel are connected, and the control panel is connected with the plurality of point laser ranging devices.

[0010] Optionally, the system further comprises an upper end steel pipe, a notch disc and a lower end steel pipe;

[0011] Two of the upper end steel ropes are installed in one of the upper end steel pipes;

[0012] Two of the lower end steel ropes are installed in one of the lower end steel pipes;

[0013] The bottom of the upper end steel pipe and the top of the lower end steel pipe are threadedly connected;

[0014] A notch disc is arranged above the external thread of the lower end of the upper end steel pipe, and when the upper end steel pipe and the lower end steel pipe are tightened, the top end of the lower end steel pipe is pressed upward against the notch disc.

[0015] Optionally, the bottom of the lower end steel pipe is installed on the upper surface of the shell, and the lower end steel rope passes through the shell and the signal converter to be connected.

[0016] Optionally, the system further comprises:

[0017] a power supply, the power supply is used for supplying power to the plurality of point laser ranging devices, the infrared receiver and the control panel, and the signal converter;

[0018] a remote controller, the remote controller is connected with the infrared receiver;

[0019] a digital display, the digital display is connected with the control panel;

[0020] The power supply, the remote controller and the digital display are arranged outside the shell.

[0021] Optionally, the number of the plurality of point laser ranging devices is three;

[0022] Two of the plurality of point laser ranging devices are respectively installed on two opposite side walls inside the shell;

[0023] The other of the plurality of point laser ranging devices is installed on the bottom inside the shell.

[0024] Optionally, the multi-point laser ranging device comprises a multi-point laser emitting module, a laser receiving module, a central processing module and a data processing module;

[0025] Each of the multi-point laser ranging device and the junction box in the shell is connected;

[0026] The central processing module is connected with the multi-point laser emitting module and the laser receiving module respectively, and the central processing module supports adjusting the distance and angle parameters of the laser emitting module to each monitoring point;

[0027] The data processing module acquires and analyzes the original data of the laser receiving module, and the data processing module obtains the distance information of the laser emitting module to each monitoring point according to the original data of the laser receiving module.

[0028] The application provides a roadway cross section deformation monitoring method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging.

[0029] S1, selecting a plurality of monitoring points on the roadway cross section and selecting a monitoring point on the roof of the roadway cross section;

[0030] S2, assembling the roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging;

[0031] S3, drilling a hole on the monitoring point on the roof of the roadway cross section, and installing two anchor claws in the hole;

[0032] S4, installing a reflector on each monitoring point on both sides of the roadway cross section, opening the roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging corresponding to each monitoring point, and adjusting the angle of each laser beam to align the center position of the reflector corresponding to each monitoring point;

[0033] S5, obtaining the convergence of the monitoring points on both sides of the roadway cross section, the floor heave of the monitoring point on the bottom of the roadway cross section and the subsidence of the monitoring point on the top of the roadway cross section through the roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging.

[0034] Optionally, the S1 of selecting a plurality of monitoring points on the roadway cross section and selecting a monitoring point on the roof of the roadway cross section comprises:

[0035] Eight monitoring points are selected, and the distribution rules of the eight monitoring points follow rules 1 to 3:

[0036] Rule 1: monitoring points 1, 2 and 3 are evenly arranged from top to bottom on one side end of the roadway cross section;

[0037] Rule 2: the other side end of the roadway section is sequentially and evenly provided with measuring point 4, measuring point 5 and measuring point 6 from top to bottom;

[0038] Rule 3: the bottom of the roadway section is provided with measuring point 7, and the top of the roadway section is provided with measuring point 8.

[0039] Optionally, the S3 of perforating the measuring points on the roof of the roadway section and installing two anchor claws in the holes comprises:

[0040] drilling measuring point 8 and installing two anchor claws in measuring point 8 and following the requirements below:

[0041] the depth of the first base point in the hole is 3m, and the depth of the second base point in the hole is 8m;

[0042] after the two anchor claws are respectively installed and fixed at the first base point and the second base point, the anchor cable is pulled out, and the corresponding two upper end steel wires are pulled until it is determined that the two anchor claws are fixed;

[0043] the S4 of installing a reflector on each measuring point on the two sides of the roadway section comprises:

[0044] installing reflectors at measuring point 1 to measuring point 6.

[0045] Optionally, the S5 of obtaining the convergence of the measuring points on the two sides of the roadway section, the floor heave of the measuring point at the bottom of the roadway section and the subsidence of the measuring point at the top of the roadway section by the roadway section deformation monitoring system based on the adjustable multi-point laser ranging device comprises:

[0046] the formula of the convergence of measuring point 1 to measuring point 6 follows formula (1):

[0047] , and n is a positive integer, n≤6; (1)

[0048] Δx n is the convergence of measuring point n, L n is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point n to measuring point n at the kth monitoring, L n is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point n to measuring point n at the k+1th monitoring, θ n is the angle between the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point n and the horizontal plane at the kth monitoring, θ n is the angle between the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point n and the horizontal plane at the k+1th monitoring, and k is a positive integer;

[0049] the formula of the floor heave of measuring point 7 follows formula (2):

[0050] ; (2)

[0051] Δx7 is the bottom drum amount of observation point 7, L7 is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point 7 to observation point n at the kth monitoring, L7' is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point 7 to observation point 7 at the k+1th monitoring, θ7 is the angle between the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point 7 and the horizontal plane at the kth monitoring, and θ7' is the angle between the laser emitting point corresponding to observation point 7 and the horizontal plane at the k+1th monitoring;

[0052] The formula of the subsidence amount of observation point 8 follows formula (3):

[0053] ; (3)

[0054] Δx8 is the subsidence amount of observation point 8, L8 is the roof separation displacement of observation point 8 at the kth detection, and L8' is the roof separation displacement of observation point 8 at the k+1th detection.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0056] By using the adjustable angle laser ranging technology, the discrete error of data can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement and the reliability of data; the monitoring instrument can realize automatic monitoring, reduce the labor intensity, improve the monitoring efficiency, especially in a complex roadway environment; the monitoring system can monitor the roadway deformation in real time, and output the measurement data in real time through the output and display module, so that the roadway safety problems can be found and handled in time; the adjustable multi-point laser ranging technology enables the monitoring instrument to adapt to the monitoring needs of different roadway sections, and provides a more flexible monitoring scheme; the automatic and efficient monitoring system can save costs in long-term operation, especially compared with the traditional “cross point method”. Meanwhile, the instrument is provided with a connecting device, the connecting device adopts a simple threaded structure, the lower shell part can be easily disassembled, the reusability of the equipment is enhanced, and the monitoring cost is saved; by monitoring the roadway deformation in real time, the monitoring instrument helps to prevent accidents and ensures the safety of mine operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0058] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the system of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2A locking diagram of the steel wire rope lock provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 A structure diagram of the multi-point laser ranging device provided by the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 A measuring point distribution diagram of the method provided by the present application.

[0062] Labeling description:

[0063] 1, anchor claw; 2, upper end steel wire rope, 3, lower end steel wire rope; 4, upper end steel pipe; 5, lower end steel pipe; 6, steel wire rope lock; 7, bolt; 8, shell; 9, multi-point laser ranging device; 10, infrared receiver; 11, control panel; 12, lug disc; 13, power supply; 14, digital display screen; 15, remote controller; 16, multi-point laser emission module; 17, laser receiving module; 18, central processing module; 19, data processing module; 20, signal converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application shall be understood as the usual meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "first", "second" and similar words used in the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one", "an" or "the" and similar words do not represent a quantity limitation, but represent the existence of at least one. The terms "including", "containing" and similar words mean that the elements or objects before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0066] It should be noted that "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "back" and the like used in the present application are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0067] The existing patent "CN219319333U-A monitoring device for roadway surrounding rock change" discloses the structure of two anchor claws 1, which is also used for roadway deformation measurement, but the prior art is a disposable device without considering multiple uses, and there is no related introduction to the related accurate measurement method. Based on this, the present application provides a roadway cross section deformation monitoring system and method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, as follows:

[0068] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present application provides a roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging in the first aspect, comprising:

[0069] The system completes the deformation monitoring of the entire cross section through the cooperative work of two anchor claws 1 and three multi-point laser ranging devices 9, covers key parts such as roadway vault, arch shoulder, arch side, arch foot and floor, and stores and displays the measurement values before and after deformation through the digital display 14. No manual calculation is required during the operation process, which can ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. Through the measurement and monitoring of the roadway deformation, the roadway deformation information can be accurately mastered, and targeted repair can be taken in time to ensure the safety of the roadway and the life safety of the staff.

[0070] One anchor claw 1 is installed on the first base point in the measuring point hole, and the other anchor claw 1 is installed on the second base point in the measuring point hole, and the depth of the second base point in the hole is greater than the depth of the first base point in the hole.

[0071] Two upper end steel wire ropes 2 are connected with two anchor claws 1 respectively, one end of two upper end steel wire ropes 2 away from the anchor claws 1 is connected with two lower end steel wire ropes 3 through steel wire rope locks 6 respectively, and two lower end steel wire ropes 3 are connected with the signal converter 20. When the layer plate at the position of the measuring point separates, two anchor claws 1 transmit signals to the signal converter 20 to obtain the subsidence amount of the layer plate at the position of the measuring point.

[0072] The shell 8 is provided as a box body, the signal converter 20 is installed in the shell 8, the multi-point laser ranging device 9, the infrared receiver 10 and the control panel 11 are installed in the shell 8, the infrared receiver 10 and the control panel 11 are connected, and the control panel 11 is connected with the multi-point laser ranging device 9.

[0073] The steel wire rope lock 6 is a prior art, generally a hand-tightening type steel wire rope lock 6. The steel wire rope lock 6 of the present application is an integral even, four threaded holes are provided on a cylindrical body, the upper two threaded holes are fixed with the upper end steel wire rope 2 through two corresponding bolts 7, and the lower two threaded holes are fixed with the lower end steel wire rope 3 through two corresponding bolts 7.

[0074] When monitoring, two anchors 1 need to be installed at the corresponding base points according to the rules, but the prior art generally does not take out the anchor 1 when monitoring next time, and a new set of equipment needs to be used for measurement, but the present application is divided into the upper end steel wire rope 2 and the lower end steel wire rope 3, so that only the upper end steel wire rope 2 and the steel wire rope lock buckle 6 need to be disassembled after measurement, and the lower end part can continue to be used, thereby enhancing the reusability of the equipment.

[0075] Two anchors 1 are respectively installed at two base points with different depths, the anchor 1 is connected with the upper end steel wire rope 2 at the bottom, and when the roof separation occurs, the signal is transmitted to the signal converter 20, so as to obtain the roof subsidence amount.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, the system further comprises an upper end steel pipe 4, a lug plate 12 and a lower end steel pipe 5; two upper end steel wire ropes 2 are installed in the upper end steel pipe 4; two lower end steel wire ropes 3 are installed in the lower end steel pipe 5; the bottom of the upper end steel pipe 4 and the top of the lower end steel pipe 5 are threadedly connected; the lug plate 12 is arranged above the external thread of the lower end of the upper end steel pipe 4, and when the upper end steel pipe 4 and the lower end steel pipe 5 are tightened, the top end of the lower end steel pipe 5 is pressed upward against the lug plate 12. One end of the upper end steel wire rope 2 is connected with the corresponding anchor 1, and the other end of the upper end steel wire rope 2 is sequentially threaded through the upper end steel pipe 4 and fixed on the steel wire rope lock buckle 6 in the connection between the upper end steel pipe 4 and the lower end steel pipe 5 by the corresponding bolt 7; the lower end steel wire rope 3 is connected with the signal conversion device; the lug plate 12 is made of metal material and is responsible for supporting and fixing the instrument; the lug plate 12 and the upper end steel pipe 4 are integrally arranged, and specifically can be a circular ring table arranged on the outer wall of the upper end steel pipe 4, and the circular ring table is concentrically arranged with the upper end steel pipe 4.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the lower end steel pipe 5 is installed on the upper surface of the shell 8, and the lower end steel wire rope 3 is threaded through the shell 8 and connected with the signal converter 20.

[0078] Optionally, the system further comprises a power supply 13, a remote controller 15 and a digital display 14; the power supply 13 is used for supplying power to the multi-point laser ranging device 9, the infrared receiver 10, the control panel 11 and the signal converter 20; the remote controller 15 is in signal connection with the infrared receiver 10; the digital display 14 is connected with the control panel 11; and the power supply 13, the remote controller 15 and the digital display 14 are arranged outside the shell 8.

[0079] The number of the multi-point laser ranging devices 9 is three; two of the multi-point laser ranging devices 9 are respectively installed on the opposite two side walls inside the shell 8; the other multi-point laser ranging device 9 is installed on the bottom inside the shell 8, that is, the left, right and bottom surfaces inside the shell 8 are respectively provided with the multi-point laser ranging devices 9, each of which is connected with the junction box and is fixedly installed at the position.

[0080] The multi-point laser ranging device 9 comprises a multi-point laser emitting module 16, a laser receiving module 17, a central processing module 18 and a data processing module 19.

[0081] Each of the multi-point laser ranging devices 9 is connected with the junction box inside the shell 8.

[0082] The central processing module 18 is connected with the multi-point laser emitting module 16 and the laser receiving module 17 respectively, and supports adjusting the distance and angle parameters of the laser emitting module to each monitoring point.

[0083] The data processing module 19 acquires and analyzes the original data of the laser receiving module 17, and obtains the distance information of the laser emitting module to each monitoring point according to the original data of the laser receiving module 17.

[0084] The body structure of the related components of the present application is the prior art, for example, the multi-point laser ranging device 9, the remote controller 15, the display and the like, and the related principles and structures are the prior art, the present application combines them, the central processing module 18 can control the working of the laser emitting unit and the receiving unit, and adjust the distance and angle parameters according to the actual situation; the data processing module 19 is responsible for receiving, processing and analyzing the original data obtained from the laser receiving module, converting it into usable distance information and outputting.

[0085] The two multi-point laser ranging devices 9 arranged on the opposite two sides respectively emit three lasers with different angles in the vertical direction, for measuring the deformation of the arch shoulder, two sides and arch foot of the roadway; the multi-point laser ranging device 9 on the ground vertically downward emits laser, for measuring the deformation of the floor; the laser receiving module 17 is used for collecting the reflection signal of the emitted laser.

[0086] The junction box is provided with four orifices, three upper orifices are connected with the three multi-point laser ranging devices 9 respectively, and the lower one is connected with the signal converter 20.

[0087] The signal converter 20 is connected with the control panel 11, and transmits the roof deformation data and the distance and angle data measured by the three multi-point laser ranging devices 9 to the control panel 11.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, the control panel 11 comprises a laser ranging module, a laser angle adjustment module, a laser angle measurement module, and a data processing module 19; the relevant modules on the control panel 11 are known to those skilled in the art, and the control panel 11 is connected to the digital display 14. The laser ranging module controls the 3-point laser ranging device 9 to emit a laser beam and measures the time from emission to reflection, and calculates the distance by using the constancy of the speed of light; the laser angle adjustment module adjusts the angle of the laser emitted by the 3-point laser ranging device 9 in real time according to the site conditions; the laser angle measurement module is responsible for measuring the angle between the 3 laser beams emitted by the two 3-point laser ranging devices 9 arranged oppositely and the horizontal plane in real time, and measuring the angle between the 1 laser beam emitted by the 3-point laser ranging device 9 at the bottom and the vertical plane in real time; the data processing module 19 processes the signals from the signal converter 20 and transmits the data to the digital display 14 in real time.

[0089] As shown in Figure 4 In another aspect, the present application provides a roadway cross section deformation monitoring method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, comprising an above-mentioned roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, comprising the following steps:

[0090] S1, selecting a plurality of measuring points on the roadway cross section and selecting a measuring point on the roof of the roadway cross section, specifically comprising:

[0091] 8 measuring points are selected, and the distribution rules of the 8 measuring points follow rules 1 to 3:

[0092] Rule 1: measuring points 1, 2 and 3 are evenly arranged from top to bottom on one side end of the roadway cross section;

[0093] Rule 2: measuring points 4, 5 and 6 are evenly arranged from top to bottom on the other side end of the roadway cross section;

[0094] Rule 3: measuring point 7 is arranged at the bottom of the roadway cross section, and measuring point 8 is arranged at the top of the roadway cross section.

[0095] In this step, the monitoring cross section is mainly determined according to the engineering actual situation of the underground roadway, the measuring points are selected on the arch shoulder, the side wall and the arch foot of the cross section, a total of 8 measuring points, and the measuring points are marked by spraying to ensure accurate positioning.

[0096] S2, assembling the roadway cross section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging;

[0097] The assembly process of the roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging includes firmly connecting two upper end steel wires and lower end steel wires by using wire rope locks, ensuring the accurate alignment of the upper end steel pipe and the lower end steel pipe, and then tightening the corresponding threaded joints to realize the stable connection of the two steel pipes, and finally connecting the power supply for the equipment operation.

[0098] S3, drilling holes on the roof of the roadway section and installing two anchor claws in the holes, specifically including:

[0099] Drilling holes on the measuring point 8 and installing two anchor claws in the measuring point 8 while following the requirements below:

[0100] The depth of the first base point in the hole is 3m, and the depth of the second base point in the hole is 8m;

[0101] After the two anchor claws are respectively installed and fixed at the first base point and the second base point, the anchor cable is pulled out, and the corresponding two upper end steel wires are pulled until it is determined that the two anchor claws have been fixed.

[0102] In this step, holes are mainly drilled at the measuring point 8 position on the roof of the monitoring section, and the anchor claws on the roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging are pulled apart, and the deep base point anchor is pushed into the hole by about 8 meters with an anchor cable or an installation rod. After pulling out the anchor cable, the steel wire is pulled by hand to confirm that the anchor has been fixed. Similarly, the anchor claw of the shallow base point is installed in the hole about 3 meters away and fixed.

[0103] S4, installing a reflector on each measuring point on both sides of the roadway section, turning on the corresponding roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging at each measuring point, and adjusting the angle of each laser beam to align the center position of the reflector on the corresponding measuring point.

[0104] In this step, reflectors are installed at the measuring point 1, measuring point 2, measuring point 3, measuring point 4, measuring point 5, and measuring point 6 positions on the monitoring section, and the roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging is turned on. Adjust the angle of each laser beam by the remote control to align the center position of the reflector on the corresponding measuring point.

[0105] S5, obtaining the convergence of the measuring points on both sides of the roadway section, the floor heave of the measuring points at the bottom of the roadway section, and the subsidence of the measuring points at the top of the roadway section by the roadway section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging.

[0106] The formula of the convergence of the measuring point 1 to the measuring point 6 follows formula (1):

[0107] , and n is a positive integer, n≤6; (1)

[0108] Δxn L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time, n L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time, n L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time, n L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time, n L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time,

[0109] The formula of the heave of measuring point 7 follows formula (2):

[0110] (2)

[0111] L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time,

[0112] The formula of the heave of measuring point 7 follows formula (2):

[0113] (3)

[0114] L is the distance from the laser emitting point corresponding to the observation point n to the measuring point n at the kth monitoring time,

[0115] In the later stage, the measurement data of different monitoring points in the roadway are imported into the computer, and the deformation curve is generated, so that the deformation of the roadway can be grasped as a whole.

[0116] This method is suitable for the deformation of the whole section of the roadway under various conditions. After the instrument measures the data, the control panel processes and calculates, and the digital display stores and displays the deformation of the monitoring position Δx1, Δx2, Δx3, Δx4, Δx5, Δx6, Δx7 and Δx8.

[0117] By the adjustable angle laser ranging technology, the discrete error of data can be reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement and the reliability of data; the monitoring instrument can realize automatic monitoring, reduce the labor intensity, improve the monitoring efficiency, especially in complex roadway environment; the monitoring system can monitor the roadway deformation in real time, and output the measurement data in real time through the output and display module, so that the roadway safety problems can be found and handled in time; the adjustable multi-point laser ranging technology makes the monitoring instrument adapt to the monitoring needs of different roadway sections, and provides a more flexible monitoring scheme; the automatic and efficient monitoring system can save the cost in long-term operation, especially compared with the traditional "cross point method". Meanwhile, the instrument is provided with a connecting device, the connecting device adopts a simple threaded structure, the lower shell part can be easily disassembled, the reusability of the equipment is enhanced, and the monitoring cost is saved; by monitoring the roadway deformation in real time, the monitoring instrument can help to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of mine operation.

[0118] The following points need to be explained:

[0119] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present application only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present application, and other structures can refer to the usual design.

[0120] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present application, the thickness of a layer or region is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportion. It can be understood that when an element such as a layer, a film, a region or a substrate is referred to as being located "on" or "under" another element, the element can be "directly" located on or under another element or there can be an intermediate element.

[0121] (3) In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0122] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, characterized in that: include: Two anchor claws, one anchor claw is installed at a first base point in the measuring point hole, and the other anchor claw is installed at a second base point in the measuring point hole, and the depth of the second base point in the hole is greater than the depth of the first base point in the hole; An upper steel wire rope, a steel wire rope locker, and a lower steel wire rope, wherein the two upper steel wire ropes are respectively connected to the two anchor claws, and the ends of the two upper steel wire ropes away from the anchor claws are respectively connected to the two lower steel wire ropes via the steel wire rope locker, and the two lower steel wire ropes are connected to a signal converter. When the layer plate at the location of the measuring point delamination occurs, the two anchor claws transmit signals to the signal converter to obtain the sinking amount of the layer plate at the location of the measuring point; A housing, wherein the housing is a box-shaped body, and the signal converter is installed in the housing; A multi-point laser ranging device, an infrared receiver and a control panel, wherein the multi-point laser ranging device, the infrared receiver and the control panel are installed in the housing, the infrared receiver is connected to the control panel, and the control panel is connected to the multi-point laser ranging device; It also includes an upper steel pipe, a support plate and a lower steel pipe; The two upper end steel wire ropes are installed in one upper end steel pipe; The two lower end steel wire ropes are installed in one lower end steel pipe; The bottom of the upper steel pipe and the top of the lower steel pipe are threadedly connected; A support plate is provided above the external thread at the lower end of the upper steel pipe. When the upper steel pipe and the lower steel pipe are tightened, the top end of the lower steel pipe presses upward against the support plate. The bottom of the lower end steel pipe is installed on the upper surface of the shell, and the lower end steel wire rope passes through the shell and is connected to the signal converter.

2. The tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A power supply, which is used to supply power to the multi-point laser ranging device, the infrared receiver and the control panel, and the signal converter; A remote controller, the remote controller being connected to the infrared receiver signal; a digital display connected to the control panel; The power supply, the remote controller and the digital display are arranged outside the housing.

3. The tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 2, wherein the number of the multi-point laser ranging devices is three; The two multi-point laser ranging devices are respectively mounted on two opposite side walls inside the housing; Another multi-point laser ranging device is installed on the bottom inside the shell.

4. The tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The multi-point laser ranging device includes: a multi-point laser transmitting module, a laser receiving module, a central processing module and a data processing module; Each of the multi-point laser ranging devices is connected to the junction box in the housing; The central processing module is connected to the multi-point laser emitting module and the laser receiving module respectively, and the central processing module supports adjusting the distance and angle parameters from the laser emitting module to each monitoring point; The data processing module acquires and analyzes the original data of the laser receiving module, and the data processing module obtains the distance information from the laser emitting module to each measuring point according to the original data of the laser receiving module.

5. A tunnel section deformation monitoring method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging, characterized in that: A tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided, comprising the following steps: S1. Select multiple measuring points on the tunnel section and select one measuring point on the top plate of the tunnel section; S2. Assembling the tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging; S3, drilling holes at the measuring points on the top plate of the tunnel section, and installing the two anchor claws in the holes; S4. Installing a reflector at each measuring point on both sides of the tunnel section, turning on the tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging corresponding to each measuring point, and adjusting the angle of each laser beam so that each laser beam is aligned with the center position of the reflector at the corresponding measuring point; S5. Obtain the movement amount of the measuring points on both sides of the tunnel section, the bottom bulge amount of the measuring point at the bottom of the tunnel section, and the sinking amount of the measuring point at the top of the tunnel section through the tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging.

6. The method for monitoring tunnel section deformation based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step S1 of selecting a plurality of measuring points on the tunnel section and selecting a measuring point on the top plate of the tunnel section includes: Eight measuring points are selected, and the distribution rules of the eight measuring points follow rules 1 to 3: Rule 1: Measuring points 1, 2 and 3 are evenly set on one side of the tunnel section from top to bottom; Rule 2: Measuring points 4, 5 and 6 are evenly set from top to bottom on the other side of the tunnel section; Rule 3: Measuring point 7 is set at the bottom of the tunnel section, and measuring point 8 is set at the top of the tunnel section.

7. The tunnel section deformation monitoring method based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step S3 of drilling holes at the measuring points on the top plate of the tunnel section and installing the two anchor claws in the holes includes: Drill a hole for measuring point 8 and install two anchor claws in measuring point 8 and follow the following requirements: The depth of the first base point in the hole is 3 m, and the depth of the second base point in the hole is 8 m; After the two anchor claws are respectively installed and fixed at the first base point and the second base point, the anchor cable is pulled out, and the corresponding two upper end steel wire ropes are pulled until the two anchor claws are confirmed to be fixed; The step S4 of installing a reflector at each measuring point on both sides of the tunnel section includes: Install reflectors at measuring points 1 to 6.

8. The method for monitoring tunnel section deformation based on adjustable multi-point laser ranging according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movement amount of the measuring points on both sides of the tunnel section, the bottom bulge amount of the measuring point at the bottom of the tunnel section, and the subsidence amount of the measuring point at the top of the tunnel section obtained by the tunnel section deformation monitoring system based on the adjustable multi-point laser ranging system in S5 include: Δx n =∑(L n ′cosθ n ′-L n cosθ n ), and n is a positive integer, n≤6; (1) Δx n is the displacement of measuring point n, L n L is the distance from the laser emission point corresponding to observation point n to the kth monitoring point n, n ′ is the distance from the laser emission point corresponding to observation point n to the measurement point n at the time of the k+1th monitoring, θ n is the angle between the laser emission point corresponding to observation point n and the horizontal plane during the kth monitoring, θ n ′ is the angle between the laser emission point corresponding to the observation point n and the horizontal plane during the k+1th monitoring, where k is a positive integer; The formula for the bass drum quantity at measuring point 7 follows formula (2): Δx7=∑(L7'cosθ7'-L7cosθ7); (2) Δx7 is the bottom drum amount of measuring point 7, L7 is the distance from the laser emission point corresponding to the observation point 7 to the measurement point n at the kth monitoring time, L7′ is the distance from the laser emission point corresponding to the observation point 7 to the measurement point 7 at the k+1th monitoring time, θ7 is the angle between the laser emission point corresponding to the observation point 7 and the horizontal plane at the kth monitoring time, and θ7′ is the angle between the laser emission point corresponding to the observation point 7 and the horizontal plane at the k+1th monitoring time; The formula for the subsidence of measuring point 8 follows formula (3): Δx8=∑(L8'-L8); (3) Δx8 is the subsidence of measuring point 8, L8 is the roof separation displacement of measuring point 8 during the k-th detection, and L8′ is the roof separation displacement of measuring point 8 during the k+1-th detection.

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