Helicopter tail rotor blade shape tolerance detection tool and detection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a helicopter tail rotor blade shape tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tail rotor blade detection. The tool comprises a base and a clamping assembly. The clamping assembly comprises a positioning vertical plate, a positioning support block, a V-shaped positioning plate, a clamping assembly and a cylindrical pin positioning block. The positioning vertical plate is fixed on the base, and the side plate surface, the top end surface and the side end surface thereof are orthogonal to each other. The positioning support block is fixed on the upper part of the side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate. The V-shaped positioning plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the positioning support block in parallel, and the side end thereof is provided with a V-shaped positioning opening. The upper end surface of the positioning support block is a support positioning surface. The clamping head of the clamping assembly is horizontally corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening. The cylindrical pin positioning block is movable, and one positioning side surface thereof is attached to the side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side surface thereof is abutted against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins for positioning. The tool can reliably position the tail rotor blade to assist the three-coordinate measuring machine in measurement, so that efficient measurement of tail rotor blade assembly matching parameters is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tail rotor blade detection, in particular to a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The straight nine helicopter is a double-engine light multipurpose helicopter developed and produced in China after introducing a French patent, and is now widely used in military purposes and civilian fields. The tail rotor thereof is a ducted fan tail rotor. The tail rotor is connected with a blade eccentric pin at a blade root and is installed on a shell. In order to ensure the assembly of the tail rotor and the shell, a three-coordinate measuring machine is generally used to accurately measure the matching parameters thereof. Referring to Figure 1 , the tail rotor blade measurement position is at the bottom of the blade handle, and four pin columns are vertically and uniformly distributed on the tail rotor blade disc corresponding to the bottom of the blade handle. The position degree of the four cylindrical sections at the bottom of the pin columns needs to be measured. The measurement and programming difficulties are as follows: the position degree reference surface is a plane A, the area of the plane A is extremely small; in addition, the pin column is a threaded screw above the pin column, which cannot be measured; the diameters of the four cylindrical sections at the bottom of the pin column are small and short, and the programming is difficult; the measurement of the inside of the plane A and the cylindrical surface B is blocked by the pin column and the blade handle. The above problems result in great difficulty in positioning the blade, difficulty in programming, and low detection efficiency. However, the shape and position tolerance of the blade directly affects the assembly and performance of the blade and the rotor shell, and the three-coordinate measuring machine must be used to accurately measure it. Since the blade has a large production capacity, the detection efficiency can only be improved by using program measurement.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and a detection method thereof, which can reliably position the tail rotor blade to assist the three-coordinate measuring machine in program measurement, so as to realize efficient measurement of the assembly matching parameters of the tail rotor blade and the shell, and further significantly improve the detection efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and the detection method thereof are provided, and the technical problems of great difficulty in measuring the assembly matching parameters of the traditional tail rotor blade and the shell and low detection efficiency are solved.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] One aspect of the present application provides a helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool. A disc in the root of the tail rotor blade is vertically fixed with a blade handle, a plurality of bosses are uniformly distributed around the blade handle on the disc surface, the top surface of each boss is a positioning plane, and a cylindrical pin is vertically fixed in the middle of the top surface of each boss. The outer peripheral wall surface of each cylindrical pin near the corresponding boss is a positioning cylindrical surface, and the tool comprises:

[0007] The base and clamping assembly comprises a positioning vertical plate, a positioning support block, a V-shaped positioning plate, a clamping assembly and a cylindrical pin positioning block; the positioning vertical plate is fixed vertically on the base, and its side plate face, top end face and one side end face are orthogonal to each other to jointly constitute a rough positioning reference plane set;

[0008] The positioning support block is fixed on the upper part of the side plate face of the positioning vertical plate; the V-shaped positioning plate is arranged in parallel on the upper end face of the positioning support block, and the side end away from the positioning vertical plate has a V-shaped positioning opening for positioning the outer peripheral side of the disc; the upper end face of the positioning support block has a support positioning face on the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening for supporting the bottom face of the disc; the clamping assembly is installed on the positioning vertical plate, and the clamping head of the clamping assembly is horizontally arranged corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening for abutting against the outer peripheral side of the disc and clamping the disc at the V-shaped positioning opening.

[0009] The cylindrical pin positioning block is movably arranged above the V-shaped positioning plate (23) and comprises at least two positioning side faces; one of the positioning side faces is arranged in parallel to the side plate face of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side face abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the cylindrical pins.

[0010] When the detection tool is used, the tail propeller blade is placed and the posture is adjusted on the detection tool first, one side of the support disc is placed on the support positioning face, the support positioning face is used for supporting the bottom face of the disc to perform initial positioning; one of the positioning side faces of the cylindrical pin positioning block is arranged in parallel to the plate face of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side face abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the positions of the plurality of cylindrical pins, i.e. to position the spatial postures of the plurality of cylindrical pins relative to the detection tool, so that the consistency of positioning and clamping in batch product detection is ensured. The adjustable bolt is screwed to gradually make the clamping head close to and abut against the outer peripheral wall of the disc of the tail propeller blade, so that the outer peripheral wall of the disc is tightly attached to the inner wall face of the V-shaped positioning opening to perform positioning and clamping; then the cylindrical pin positioning block is removed. The detection tool can reliably position the tail propeller blade to assist the three-coordinate measuring machine to perform program measurement, so that efficient measurement of the assembly and cooperation parameters of the tail propeller blade and the shell is realized, and the detection efficiency is significantly improved.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamping assembly comprises a side positioning plate, a pressing plate, a fastening bolt and an adjustable bolt; the side positioning plate is fixedly connected vertically on the side plate face of the positioning vertical plate and corresponds to the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate; a strip-shaped through hole is formed in one end of the plate face of the pressing plate, and a threaded hole is formed in the other end; the fastening bolt is movably penetrated through the strip-shaped through hole and fastens the pressing plate to the side end of the side positioning plate away from the positioning vertical plate; the adjustable bolt is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, and a clamping head arranged horizontally corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening is arranged at one end of the adjustable bolt to abut against the outer peripheral side of the disc.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are that the fastening bolt can slide along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole to adjust the fastening position, the fastening bolt is screwed at the side end of the side positioning plate to fasten the pressing plate on the side positioning plate, the adjustable bolt can be screwed in and out of the threaded hole to flexibly adjust the clamping force, and the clamping head of the adjustable bolt and the V-shaped positioning opening of the V-shaped positioning plate are matched to realize reliable positioning and clamping of the disc of the tail rotor blade.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom end face of the cylindrical pin positioning block, the top end face of the side positioning plate, and the upper plate face of the V-shaped positioning plate are all flat surfaces, and the top end face of the side positioning plate and the upper plate face of the V-shaped positioning plate are located in the same plane.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are that when the cylindrical pin positioning block is used, the bottom end face of the cylindrical pin positioning block can be attached to the upper plate face of the V-shaped positioning plate or the top end face of the side positioning plate for sliding adjustment, so that one positioning side face is parallel to the positioning vertical plate face, and the other positioning side face abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins to position the spatial attitude of multiple cylindrical pins, thereby improving the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the clamping head is an elastic clamping head.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are that the use of the elastic clamping head for the clamping head can improve the reliability of the clamping force and avoid loosening of the clamping, and in addition, the elastic clamping head can be flexibly pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the disc to avoid scratching the outer peripheral wall of the disc during rotation adjustment.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the cylindrical pin positioning block is a cuboid.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are that the bottom end face of the cuboid-shaped cylindrical pin positioning block can be adaptively attached and placed on the upper end face of the V-shaped positioning plate, and the four outer peripheral side faces of the cuboid-shaped cylindrical pin positioning block can all be used as positioning side faces. For example, one of the positioning side faces can be parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate, and the other adjacent positioning side face can abut against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins, so that the connecting line of the two adjacent cylindrical pins positioned by abutting is perpendicular to one side face of the positioning vertical plate, thereby realizing positioning of the spatial attitude of multiple cylindrical pins, or one of the positioning side faces can be parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate, and the other opposite positioning side face can abut against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins, so that the connecting line of the two adjacent cylindrical pins positioned by abutting is parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate, thereby realizing positioning of the spatial attitude of multiple cylindrical pins.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the base comprises two horizontally arranged strip-shaped plates; the two strip-shaped plates are vertically fixed at the bottom of the two side ends of the positioning vertical plate, and the bottom end faces of the two strip-shaped plates and the positioning vertical plate jointly form a I-shaped support positioning bottom face.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the I-shaped support positioning bottom face ensures the stability of the detection tooling, thereby ensuring the reliability of the detection result of the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the positioning support block is located inside the V-shaped positioning opening away from the side end of the positioning vertical plate, so as to define an avoidance area for avoiding the blades of the tail rotor blade between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate away from the positioning vertical plate and the side end of the positioning support block.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the avoidance area prevents the side end of the positioning support block from interfering with the blades of the tail rotor blade when the disc is rotated to adjust the spatial distribution of the plurality of cylindrical pins, thereby preventing inaccurate positioning.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the disc and the boss.

[0024] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate is set to be the sum of the thicknesses of the disc and the boss, so as to avoid the V-shaped positioning plate interfering with the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine, thereby facilitating the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine to detect the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface.

[0025] Another aspect of the present application provides a method for detecting the geometric tolerance of a tail rotor blade of a helicopter, which comprises the tail rotor blade geometric tolerance detection tooling and a three-coordinate measuring machine; the detection steps comprise:

[0026] Step one: install the tail rotor blade on the tail rotor blade geometric tolerance detection tooling, and place the disc on the support positioning surface; one positioning side surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block is parallelly attached to the plate surface of the positioning vertical plate, and the other positioning side surface is attached to the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins, so as to position the cylindrical pins; the adjustable bolt is screwed to make the clamping head tightly contact the outer peripheral wall of the disc of the tail rotor blade, so that the outer peripheral wall of the disc is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the V-shaped positioning opening for positioning and clamping, and then the cylindrical pin positioning block is removed;

[0027] Step two: start the three-coordinate measuring machine and enter the programming state; collect the surface, line and point on the one side plate surface, the top end surface and the one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate, and establish a program coarse coordinate system;

[0028] Step three: at least two points are collected on each positioning plane to construct a plane A, and a Z axis perpendicular to the plane A is constructed on the plane A; the starting zero point of the plane A corresponding to the Z axis is set;

[0029] Step four: at least five points are selected on each positioning cylindrical surface to construct a plurality of circles B, and a circle C is constructed by using the centers of the circles B; the center of the circle C is set as the starting zero point of the X axis direction and the Y axis direction; a straight line h is constructed by connecting the circle C and the center of one of the circles B; and a coordinate system is constructed by taking the Z axis as a first axis and the straight line h as a second axis;

[0030] Step five: the theoretical polar radius and polar angle are input according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade, and the position degree of each circle B is calculated by using the built-in measurement software of the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0031] According to the technical solution described above, compared with the prior art, the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool and the detection method thereof have the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The detection tool of the application realizes stable and accurate positioning of the tail rotor blade by supporting the bottom surface of the disc, clamping and positioning the outer peripheral wall of the disc, and positioning the space posture of the cylindrical pin, thereby creating favorable conditions for batch detection of the tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance by using a three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0033] 2. The detection tool of the application effectively avoids the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface used for tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection, and avoids the blade of the tail rotor blade, thereby solving the problem of motion interference in clamping, positioning and detection.

[0034] 3. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection method of the application uses each small positioning plane to construct a large plane A, and constructs a first axis on the plane A; uses each positioning cylindrical surface to construct a circle B, and uses the centers of each small circle B to construct a large circle C; constructs a second axis by connecting the center line of the circle C and the center of one of the circles B, thereby realizing accurate construction of the coordinate system; and solves the problem that the traditional detection method cannot batch and efficiently detect the tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance due to the difficulty in positioning the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface and the difficulty in programming caused by the blockage of the blade handle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0036] Figure 1The schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tail rotor blade suitable for the detection tool of the application;

[0037] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the positioning plane and the positioning cylindrical surface structure of the tail rotor blade suitable for the detection tool of the application;

[0038] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application;

[0039] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the state of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application clamped with the tail rotor blade;

[0040] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the side view of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application;

[0041] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the top view of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application;

[0042] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the plan view of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application;

[0043] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the front view of the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool of the application;

[0044] In the figure: 1, base; 11, strip-shaped plate; 2, clamping assembly; 21, positioning vertical plate; 211, rough positioning reference plane one; 212, rough positioning reference plane two; 213, rough positioning reference plane three; 22, positioning support block; 221, support positioning surface; 23, V-shaped positioning plate; 231, V-shaped positioning opening; 24, clamping assembly; 241, side positioning plate; 242, pressing plate; 2421, strip-shaped through hole; 2422, threaded hole; 243, fastening bolt; 244, adjustable bolt; 2441, clamping head; 25, cylindrical pin positioning block; 251, positioning side surface; 26, avoidance area; 3, I-shaped support positioning bottom surface; 4, tail rotor blade; 41, disc; 42, blade handle; 43, boss; 431, positioning plane; 44, cylindrical pin; 441, positioning cylindrical surface; 45, blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Embodiments of the application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the application.

[0046] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0048] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] According to the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 to 2 The tail rotor blade 4 includes a disc 41, a blade stem 42, a boss 43, a cylindrical pin 44 and a blade 45. The blade 45 is vertically fixed to the middle of one side of the disc 41, and the blade stem 42 is vertically fixed to the middle of the other side of the disc 41. A plurality of circular bosses 43 are evenly distributed around the blade stem 42 and fixed to the other side of the disc 41. The top surface of each boss 43 is a positioning plane 431. The middle of the top surface of each boss 43 is vertically coaxially fixed with a cylindrical pin 44. The outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin 44 close to the corresponding boss 43 is a positioning cylindrical surface 441. The outer peripheral wall surface of the other end of each cylindrical pin 44 away from the corresponding boss 43 is an external thread structure.

[0050] As shown in Figures 3 to 8 The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool includes a base 1 and a clamping assembly 2. The clamping assembly 2 includes a positioning stand plate 21, a positioning support block 22, a V-shaped positioning plate 23, a clamping assembly 24 and a cylindrical pin positioning block 25.

[0051] The positioning vertical plate 21 is vertically fixed on the base 1, and one side plate face, a top end face and one side end face thereof are orthogonal to each other to jointly constitute a rough positioning reference plane group; the positioning support block 22 is fixed on the upper part of one side plate face of the positioning vertical plate 21; the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is arranged in parallel on the upper end face of the positioning support block 22, and one side end thereof away from the positioning vertical plate 21 has a V-shaped positioning opening 231 for positioning the outer periphery side of the disc 41; the upper end face of the positioning support block 22 has a support positioning face 221 corresponding to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening 231 for supporting the bottom face of the disc 41; the clamping assembly 24 is installed on the positioning vertical plate 21, and a clamping head 2441 thereof is horizontally corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening 231 for abutting against the outer periphery side of the disc 41 and clamping the disc 41 at the V-shaped positioning opening 231.

[0052] The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is movably located above the V-shaped positioning plate 23, and includes at least two positioning side faces 251; the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is movable and has one positioning side face 251 abutting against one side plate face of the positioning vertical plate 21 in parallel, and the other positioning side face 251 abutting against the outer periphery wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 has a determined spatial positional relationship with the plate face of the positioning vertical plate 21, to realize the spatial posture of positioning the plurality of cylindrical pins 44.

[0053] When the detection tool of the embodiment is used, the tail propeller blade 4 is placed and the posture is adjusted on the detection tool first; one side of the support disc 41 is placed on the support positioning face 221 for supporting the bottom face of the disc 41 to perform initial positioning, to play a role of positioning the Z-axis direction of the tail propeller blade 4; one positioning side face 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 abuts against the plate face of the positioning vertical plate 21 in parallel, and the other positioning side face 251 abuts against the outer periphery wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, to position the positions of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44, i.e. the spatial posture of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44 relative to the detection tool, to ensure the consistency of positioning and clamping when the product batch is detected. The adjustable bolt 244 is screwed to gradually approach and abut against the outer periphery wall of the disc 41 of the tail propeller blade 4, and then the outer periphery wall of the disc 41 abuts against the inner wall face of the V-shaped positioning opening 231 to be positioned and clamped; then the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is removed. The detection tool of the present application has simple structure, ingenious design and convenient use, is economical and practical, can reliably position the tail propeller blade to assist the three-coordinate measuring machine to perform program measurement, so as to realize efficient measurement of the assembly and cooperation parameters of the tail propeller blade and the shell, and then the detection efficiency can be significantly improved, to provide help for measurement professional work.

[0054] Specifically, the positioning vertical plate 21 is a cuboid plate; one side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 is a coarse positioning reference plane one 211, the top end surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 is a coarse positioning reference plane two 212, and one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 is a coarse positioning reference plane three 213. The coarse positioning reference plane one 211, the coarse positioning reference plane two 212, and the coarse positioning reference plane three 213 jointly constitute a coarse positioning reference plane group.

[0055] Specifically, the coarse positioning reference plane three 213 of the positioning vertical plate 21 corresponds to the upper region of the positioning support block 22, and is a abutting positioning plane for abutting positioning of the positioning side surface 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25.

[0056] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly 24 includes a side positioning plate 241, a pressing plate 242, a fastening bolt 243, and an adjustable bolt 244; the side positioning plate 241 is vertically and fixedly connected to one side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21 and corresponds to one side end of the V-shaped positioning plate 23; the pressing plate 242 has a strip-shaped through hole 2421 and a threaded hole 2422; the threaded section of the fastening bolt 243 is movably penetrated through the strip-shaped through hole 2421 and is screwed into the threaded fixing hole at the side end of the side positioning plate 241 away from the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby fastening the pressing plate 242 to the side end of the side positioning plate 241 away from the positioning vertical plate 21; the adjustable bolt 244 is screwed into the threaded hole 2422, and one end thereof is horizontally arranged corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening 231 to abut against the clamping head 2441 on the outer circumferential side of the disc 41, thereby playing a role of positioning the X-axis of the tail paddle 4.

[0057] The fastening bolt 243 is movably penetrated through the strip-shaped through hole 2421 and can slide along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole 2421 to adjust the fastening position; the pressing plate 242 is rotated around the fastening bolt 243 to adjust the spatial position of the clamping head 2441; the fastening bolt 243 is screwed into the side end of the side positioning plate 241 to fasten the pressing plate 242 to the side positioning plate 241; the adjustable bolt 244 can be screwed in and out of the threaded hole 2422 to flexibly adjust the clamping force; the clamping head 2441 of the adjustable bolt 244 and the V-shaped positioning opening 231 of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 are matched with each other to realize reliable positioning and clamping of the disc 41 of the tail paddle 4.

[0058] In some embodiments, the bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25, the top end surface of the side positioning plate 241, and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 are all flat surfaces; the top end surface of the side positioning plate 241 and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 are located in the same plane.

[0059] Specifically, the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is parallel to the support positioning surface 221, and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the support positioning surface 221 are both perpendicular to the coarse positioning reference plane three 213.

[0060] The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is used in the process of sliding adjustment of the bottom end face of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 adhering to the plate face of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 or the top end face of the side positioning plate 241, so that one positioning side face 251 is parallel to the plate face of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side face 251 is in abutment with the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 or adjacent bosses 43, so as to position the space posture of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44, thereby improving the positioning efficiency and positioning accuracy. The cylindrical pin positioning block 25 plays a role in positioning the Y axis of the tail paddle 4. After positioning is completed, the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 needs to be removed to avoid interference with the detection work of the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0061] In some embodiments, the clamping head 2441 is an elastic clamping head.

[0062] The elastic clamping head of the clamping head 2441 can improve the reliability of the clamping force and avoid loosening of the clamping. In addition, the elastic clamping head can be flexibly pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the disc 41 to avoid scratching the outer peripheral wall of the disc 41 during rotation adjustment of the disc 41.

[0063] Specifically, the clamping head 2441 can be made of rubber or silicone with a certain elasticity.

[0064] Specifically, the adjustable bolt 244 can be made by sleeving a rubber head on one end of a metal adjustable bolt.

[0065] In some embodiments, the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is a cuboid, and each outer wall face thereof is a positioning side face 251.

[0066] The bottom end face of the cuboid-shaped cylindrical pin positioning block 25 can be adaptively placed on the top end face of the V-shaped positioning plate 23. The four outer peripheral side faces of the cuboid-shaped cylindrical pin positioning block 25 can all be used as positioning side faces 251. For example, one of the positioning side faces 251 can be parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other adjacent positioning side face 251 can abut against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 in abutment positioning is perpendicular to one side face of the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby realizing positioning of the space posture of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44. Alternatively, one of the positioning side faces 251 can be parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other opposite positioning side face 251 can abut against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so that the line connecting the two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 in abutment positioning is parallel to one side face of the positioning vertical plate 21, thereby realizing positioning of the space posture of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44.

[0067] In some embodiments, the base 1 includes two horizontally arranged strip plates 11; the two strip plates 11 are vertically fixed at the bottom of the two side ends of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the bottom end faces of the two strip plates 11 and the positioning vertical plate 21 jointly constitute the I-shaped support positioning bottom face 3.

[0068] The I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3 ensures the support stability of the detection tool, so as to ensure the reliability of the detection result of the three-coordinate measuring machine.

[0069] Specifically, the upper surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the support positioning surface 221 are parallel to the I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3, and the I-shaped support positioning bottom surface 3 is perpendicular to the coarse positioning reference plane three 213.

[0070] In some embodiments, the positioning support block 22 is away from the side end of the positioning vertical plate 21 and corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening 231, so as to define the avoidance area 26 for avoiding the blade 45 of the tail rotor blade 4 between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 away from the positioning vertical plate 21 and the side end of the positioning support block 22 away from the positioning vertical plate 21.

[0071] The avoidance area 26 is arranged to prevent the side end of the positioning support block 22 from interfering with the blade 45 of the tail rotor blade 4 when the rotating disc 41 is rotated to adjust the spatial distribution of the plurality of cylindrical pins 44, so as to cause inaccurate positioning.

[0072] In some embodiments, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the rotating disc 41 and the boss 43.

[0073] The thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the rotating disc 41 and the boss 43, so that the top surface of the boss 43 of the clamped tail rotor blade 4 is flush with or slightly lower than the top surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23, the V-shaped positioning plate 23 and the side positioning plate 241 can be prevented from interfering with the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine, and the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine can be facilitated to detect the positioning plane 431 and the positioning cylindrical surface 441; meanwhile, it can also be ensured that the boss 43 does not interfere with the movement adjustment of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 when the bottom surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 slides on the top surface of the V-shaped positioning plate 23.

[0074] In some embodiments, the thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate 23 is equal to the thickness of the rotating disc 41. One side surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 slides on the coarse positioning reference plane three 213 to adjust the position, and the other side surface which is parallel to it abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 to perform directional positioning; or, one side surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 slides on the coarse positioning reference plane three 213 to adjust the position, and the other side surface adjacent to it abuts against the outer peripheral wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44 to perform directional positioning.

[0075] Another embodiment of the present application provides a helicopter tail rotor blade geometric tolerance detection method, which comprises a helicopter tail rotor blade geometric tolerance detection tool and a three-coordinate measuring machine; the detection steps comprise:

[0076] Step one: install the tail rotor blade 4 on the tail rotor blade shape tolerance detection tool, place the disc 41 on the support positioning surface 221; one positioning side surface 251 of the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is parallel to the plate surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and the other positioning side surface 251 is in contact with the outer wall of any two adjacent cylindrical pins 44, so as to position the cylindrical pins 44; the adjustable bolt 244 is screwed to make the clamping head 2441 tightly contact the outer wall of the disc 41 of the tail rotor blade 4, so that the outer wall of the disc 41 tightly contacts the inner wall surface of the V-shaped positioning opening 231 for positioning and clamping, and then the cylindrical pin positioning block 25 is removed;

[0077] Step two: start the three-coordinate measuring machine and enter the programming state, and use the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine to collect surfaces, lines and points on one side of the plate surface, the top surface and one side of the end surface of the positioning vertical plate 21, and establish a program rough coordinate system;

[0078] Step three: use the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine to collect at least two points on each positioning plane 431 to construct a plane A, and construct a Z axis perpendicular to the plane A on the plane A; let the starting zero point of the plane A corresponding to the Z axis, that is, clear Z=0;

[0079] Step four: use the measuring head of the three-coordinate measuring machine to select at least five points on each positioning cylindrical surface 441 to construct a plurality of circles B, and simultaneously use the centers of the circles B to construct a circle C, let the center of the circle C be the starting zero point of the X axis direction and the Y axis direction, that is, clear X=0, Y=0; connect the center of the circle C and the center of one of the circles B to form a straight line h; take the Z axis as the first axis and the straight line h as the second axis to construct a coordinate system;

[0080] Step five: input the theoretical extreme diameter and extreme angle according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade 4, and use the built-in measurement software of the three-coordinate measuring machine to calculate the position degree of each circle B;

[0081] Step six: save the detection scheme.

[0082] In some embodiments, the number of bosses 43 and cylindrical pins 44 of the tail blade 4 is four. In step three, two points are collected on each positioning plane 431 to construct the plane A. Since each boss 43 has a small positioning plane 431, two points are collected on each small positioning plane 431 to form the plane A. A Z-axis perpendicular to the plane A is established as the first axis. The starting zero point of the plane A corresponding to the Z-axis is set, i.e. the clear Z=0 operation is performed. In step four, five points are selected on each small positioning cylindrical surface 441, and circles B1, B2, B3 and B4 are measured. The centers of the circles B1, B2, B3 and B4 are used to establish a circle C, which is set as the starting zero point of the X-axis and Y-axis (i.e. the clear X=0, Y=0 operation is performed). The centers of the circle C and the circle B1 are connected to form a straight line h, and the h-axis is set as the second axis to construct the coordinate system.

[0083] It should be noted that the actual measurement process of the three-coordinate measuring machine is self-learning of the programming process. The built-in measurement software of the three-coordinate measuring machine is Emeas measurement software or PC-DIMS measurement software. The measurement software names used by three-coordinate measuring machines of different manufacturers may be different, but the measurement principles are the same.

[0084] It should be noted that when batch measurement is required, the tail blade is clamped according to the above method, the measurement program is called out, and the measurement program is executed to realize high-efficiency batch detection.

[0085] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tool for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, wherein a petiole (42) is vertically fixed to the middle of a disk (41) at the root of a tail rotor blade (4), a plurality of bosses (43) are evenly distributed on the surface of the disk (41) around the petiole (42), the top surface of each boss (43) is a positioning plane (431), a cylindrical pin (44) is vertically fixed to the middle of the top surface of each boss (43), and the outer peripheral wall surface of one end of each cylindrical pin (44) close to the corresponding boss (43) is a positioning cylindrical surface (441), characterized in that: include: A base (1) and a clamping assembly (2), wherein the clamping assembly (2) comprises a positioning vertical plate (21), a positioning support block (22), a V-shaped positioning plate (23), a clamping assembly (24) and a cylindrical pin positioning block (25); the positioning vertical plate (21) is vertically fixed on the base (1), and one side plate surface, the top surface and one side end surface thereof are orthogonal to each other to form a rough positioning reference plane group; The positioning support block (22) is fixed to the upper portion of a side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate (21); the V-shaped positioning plate (23) is arranged parallel to the upper end surface of the positioning support block (22), and the side end thereof away from the positioning vertical plate (21) has a V-shaped positioning opening (231) for positioning the outer peripheral side of the disk (41); the inner side of the upper end surface of the positioning support block (22) corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening (231) is a supporting positioning surface (221) for supporting the bottom surface of the disk (41); the clamping assembly (24) is mounted on the positioning vertical plate (21), and its clamping head (2441) horizontally corresponds to the V-shaped positioning opening (231), and is used to abut the outer peripheral side of the disk (41) and clamp the disk (41) at the V-shaped positioning opening (231); The cylindrical pin positioning block (25) is movable and positioned above the V-shaped positioning plate (23), and includes at least two positioning side surfaces (251); one positioning side surface (251) is parallel to and abuts against a side surface of the positioning vertical plate (21), and the other positioning side surface (251) abuts against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins (44) to position the cylindrical pins (44).

2. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (24) includes a side positioning plate (241), a pressure plate (242), a fastening bolt (243) and an adjustable bolt (244); the side positioning plate (241) is vertically fixedly connected to a side plate surface of the positioning vertical plate (21) and corresponds to a side end of the V-shaped positioning plate (23); a strip-shaped through hole (2421) is provided at one end of the plate surface of the pressure plate (242), and a threaded hole (2422) is provided at the other end; the fastening bolt (243) movably passes through the strip-shaped through hole (2421) and fastens the pressure plate (242) to the side end of the side positioning plate (241) away from the positioning vertical plate (21); the adjustable bolt (244) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole (2422), and one end of the adjustable bolt is a clamping head (2441) arranged horizontally corresponding to the V-shaped positioning opening (231) to press against the outer peripheral side of the disc (41).

3. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the cylindrical pin positioning block (25), the top end surface of the side positioning plate (241) and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) are all planes; the top end surface of the side positioning plate (241) and the upper plate surface of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) are located in the same plane.

4. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping head (2441) is an elastic clamping head.

5. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical pin positioning block (25) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

6. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) comprises two horizontally oppositely arranged strip plates (11); the two strip plates (11) are vertically fixed to the bottom ends of both sides of the positioning upright plate (21) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the bottom end surfaces of the two strip plates (11) and the positioning upright plate (21) together form an I-shaped support positioning bottom surface (3).

7. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end of the positioning support block (22) away from the positioning vertical plate (21) corresponds to the inner side of the V-shaped positioning opening (231), so as to define an avoidance area (26) for avoiding the blade (45) of the tail rotor blade (4) between the side end of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) away from the positioning vertical plate (21) and the side end of the positioning support block (22) away from the positioning vertical plate (21).

8. The helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the V-shaped positioning plate (23) is greater than or equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the disc (41) and the boss (43).

9. A method for detecting the shape and position tolerance of a helicopter tail rotor blade, characterized in that: The method comprises the helicopter tail rotor blade form and position tolerance detection tooling and a three-coordinate measuring machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; the detection steps include: Step 1: Install the tail rotor blade (4) on the helicopter tail rotor blade shape and position tolerance detection tool, and place the disc (41) on the support positioning surface (221); place one positioning side surface (251) of the cylindrical pin positioning block (25) parallel to the positioning vertical plate (21) plate surface, and the other positioning side surface (251) against the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent cylindrical pins (44) to position the cylindrical pins (44); screw the adjustable bolt (244) to make the clamping head (2441) press against the outer peripheral wall of the disc (41) of the tail rotor blade (4), so that the outer peripheral wall of the disc (41) is tightly against the inner wall surface of the V-shaped positioning opening (231) for positioning and clamping, and then remove the cylindrical pin positioning block (25); Step 2: Turn on the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine and enter the programming state, collect surfaces, lines and points on one side plate surface, the top surface and one side end surface of the positioning vertical plate (21), and establish a program rough coordinate system; Step 3: Collect at least two points on each positioning plane (431) to construct a plane A, and construct a Z axis perpendicular to plane A on plane A; let plane A correspond to the starting zero point of the Z axis; Step 4: Select at least five points on each positioning cylindrical surface (441) to construct a plurality of circles B, and use the centers of the circles B to construct a circle C, with the center of the circle C being the starting zero point in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; connect the center of the circle C and one of the circles B to form a straight line h; construct a coordinate system with the Z axis as the first axis and the straight line h as the second axis; Step 5: Input the theoretical polar diameter and polar angle according to the product design drawing of the tail rotor blade (4), and use the built-in measurement software of the three-coordinate measuring machine to calculate the position of each circle B.

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