Ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of ultrasonic water meter monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, monitoring water quality state information and an ultrasonic signal attenuation condition of each time period, extracting features and analyzing, and performing correlation analysis on a water quality index evaluation level and the ultrasonic signal attenuation condition in the corresponding monitoring time period to analyze the influence degree of a water quality index on signal attenuation in an ultrasonic transmission process; whether a preliminary early warning instruction is sent or not is judged, after preliminary early warning is received, component dirt covering state information and in-pipe blocking state information are monitored, dimensionless processing is conducted, the fault state of the water meter is evaluated through a machine learning model, and after comparative analysis, a corresponding fault monitoring early warning instruction is obtained and executed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic water meter monitoring, and in particular to an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In modern water resource management, ultrasonic water meters have become the mainstream equipment for water flow measurement due to their high precision, low maintenance and long life. This type of water meter measures water flow rate through ultrasonic technology, can provide accurate flow data, and has shown its reliability in a wide range of applications. However, with the extension of usage time and changes in environmental conditions, ultrasonic water meters face various potential faults, including signal attenuation, component dirt coverage and pipe blockage. These faults not only affect the measurement accuracy of the water meter, but also cause errors in water resource management, thereby affecting water management and users' water use experience. Therefore, fault monitoring and early warning for ultrasonic water meters have become an important task to ensure the normal operation and maintenance management of the equipment.

[0003] Although the existing ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning measures have made certain progress in detecting equipment abnormalities, there are still some shortcomings in practical applications. In particular, the impact of water quality changes on water meter measurement accuracy is often overlooked. Changes in suspended solids and turbidity in water quality will cause the attenuation of ultrasonic signals, and long-term sedimentation will also cause blockage problems, thereby affecting the ultrasonic water meter's measurement of water flow. This impact will cause inaccurate data measured by the ultrasonic water meter. Therefore, the development of an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things is of great significance for improving the fault monitoring capability of ultrasonic water meters and optimizing the early warning response efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, which solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a first monitoring module, a pre-analysis module, a correlation analysis module, a second monitoring module, a water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module and a fault early warning module;

[0006] The first monitoring module is used to monitor the water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time at each time period in the ultrasonic water meter, and obtain a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction;

[0007] The pre-analysis module is used to analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set to obtain the water quality index evaluation level and ultrasonic signal attenuation within the corresponding monitoring period;

[0008] The correlation analysis module is used to correlate the water quality index assessment level and the ultrasonic signal attenuation during the corresponding monitoring period, so as to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction;

[0009] The second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering state information of components and the blocking state information of pipes in the ultrasonic water meter through a plurality of groups of sensors after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, and obtain a data set of the dirt covering state information of components and a data set of the blocking state information of pipes respectively;

[0010] The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module is used to associate the component dirt coverage status information data set with the pipe blockage status information data set to evaluate the fault status of the water meter;

[0011] The fault warning module is used to compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions.

[0012] Preferably, the first monitoring module is used to monitor the water quality status and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time at each time period in the ultrasonic water meter, and obtain a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction, specifically:

[0013] The first monitoring module includes a water quality monitoring unit and a signal attenuation monitoring unit;

[0014] The water quality monitoring unit is used to monitor the water quality status of the ultrasonic water meter in real time at each time period, and obtain a water quality status information data set after extracting water quality characteristics;

[0015] The water quality feature extraction is performed by identifying and extracting the water quality status information data set monitored in real time to extract key indicators, including water hardness, suspended solids content and turbidity;

[0016] The signal attenuation monitoring unit is used to monitor the attenuation of the ultrasonic signal in each time period in real time, and obtain the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set after signal feature extraction;

[0017] The signal feature extraction is performed by identifying and extracting a real-time monitored ultrasonic signal propagation state data set to extract key indicators, including downstream receiving signal strength and upstream receiving signal strength.

[0018] Preferably, the pre-analysis module is used to analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set to obtain the water quality index evaluation level and ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period, specifically:

[0019] The pre-analysis module includes a water quality state pre-analysis unit and a signal attenuation pre-analysis unit;

[0020] The water quality status pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the water quality status information data set, after dimensionless processing, and based on the key indicators of the water quality status and the set weights, to obtain the water quality indicator evaluation level within the corresponding monitoring period;

[0021] The signal attenuation pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set, and after dimensionless processing, obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period based on the key indicators and set weights of the ultrasonic signal;

[0022] The dimensionless processing is to normalize the parameters with different units in the water quality state information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set, and convert them into a unitless pure numerical form.

[0023] Preferably, the correlation analysis module is used to correlate the water quality index assessment level and the ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction, specifically:

[0024] The correlation analysis module includes a decay correlation analysis unit and a determination unit;

[0025] The attenuation correlation analysis unit is used to associate the water quality index assessment level obtained during the corresponding monitoring period with the ultrasonic signal attenuation, and analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process after dimensionless processing based on the statistical algorithm of data distribution characteristics;

[0026] The determination unit is used to determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction after comparing the influence of water quality indicators on signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission. The specific contents are as follows:

[0027] If the water quality index affects the signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission, a preliminary warning instruction will be issued, and the impact on water quality will be further analyzed; otherwise, no additional preliminary warning instruction will be issued.

[0028] Preferably, the second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering state information of components and the blocking state information of pipes in the ultrasonic water meter through a plurality of sets of sensors after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, and obtain a data set of the dirt covering state information of components and a data set of the blocking state information of pipes respectively, specifically:

[0029] After receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the dirt covering status information of the components in the ultrasonic water meter is monitored by a camera sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor to obtain a data set of the dirt covering status information of the components;

[0030] The blockage status information in the pipe is monitored by a volumetric flow sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor to obtain a data set of the blockage status information in the pipe.

[0031] Preferably, the water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module is used to associate the component dirt coverage state information data set with the pipe blocking state information data set to evaluate the fault state of the water meter, and the specific evaluation process is as follows;

[0032] The water meter fault comprehensive assessment module includes a dirt coverage analysis unit, an in-pipe obstruction analysis unit and a water meter fault assessment unit;

[0033] Based on the obtained component dirt coverage status information dataset, weights are set for key factors of dirt coverage;

[0034] The dirt coverage analysis unit generates a calculation formula based on the acquired component dirt coverage status information data set and the set weights after dimensionless processing to analyze the component dirt coverage status.

[0035] Preferably, the in-pipe obstruction analysis unit sets weights for key factors of in-pipe obstruction based on the acquired in-pipe obstruction state information data set;

[0036] Based on the acquired in-pipe obstruction status information data set and the set weights, a calculation formula is generated after dimensionless processing to analyze the in-pipe obstruction situation.

[0037] Preferably, the water meter fault assessment unit sets a weight based on the degree of influence of the acquired dirt coverage and pipe obstruction on the fault state of the water meter;

[0038] The analyzed dirt coverage is correlated with the blockage in the pipe, combined with the set weights, and after dimensionless processing, a calculation formula is generated to evaluate the fault state of the water meter.

[0039] Preferably, the fault warning module is used to compare and analyze the fault state of the water meter to obtain and execute the corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions, and the specific process is as follows;

[0040] The fault warning module includes a comparison unit and a warning unit;

[0041] The comparison unit is used to compare and analyze the fault state of the water meter to obtain the corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instructions. The specific content of the fault monitoring and early warning instructions is as follows:

[0042] If the water meter is in a fault state, it means that the current function state of the ultrasonic water meter is abnormal and there is a risk of failure. At this time, the first fault monitoring warning instruction is issued;

[0043] If the water meter is not in a fault state, it means that there is no abnormality in the current function state of the ultrasonic water meter and there is no fault risk. At this time, the second fault monitoring warning instruction is issued;

[0044] The early warning unit is used to specifically execute the following contents according to receiving the first fault monitoring early warning instruction and the second fault monitoring early warning instruction;

[0045] When receiving the first environmental monitoring warning instruction, the execution content is to enable the backup water meter, and the system will automatically switch the water pipeline to the backup equipment to ensure the normal supply of water flow; automatically send an alarm notification to the maintenance personnel, inform the existing fault risks and specific abnormal conditions by SMS and email, and generate a fault report and send it to the maintenance personnel. The fault report contains water meter fault assessment information, specific component dirt coverage status information and pipe blockage status information, as well as related water quality and ultrasonic signal attenuation data information for subsequent maintenance and fault analysis; activate the sound and light alarm device to alert nearby personnel;

[0046] When the second environmental monitoring warning instruction is received, the execution content is to record the current monitoring data in the system database as log information of the normal operation of the system for future trend analysis and system debugging. Data collection and analysis continue according to the established monitoring cycle. No additional measures are required and no alarms or notifications are triggered.

[0047] Preferably, the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method based on the Internet of Things includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Real-time monitoring of water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in each period of time in the ultrasonic water meter is performed, and after feature extraction, a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set are obtained respectively;

[0049] Step 2: Analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set, and associate the water quality index assessment level and ultrasonic signal attenuation obtained during the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process, and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction;

[0050] Step 3: After receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the dirt covering state information of the components in the ultrasonic water meter and the blockage state information in the pipe are monitored by several groups of sensors, and the obtained data sets of the dirt covering state information of the components and the blockage state information in the pipe are associated to evaluate the fault state of the water meter;

[0051] Step 4: Compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute the corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instructions. The present invention provides an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] (1) The first monitoring module collects water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time based on the Internet of Things sensor, providing key data for subsequent analysis. The pre-analysis module conducts in-depth analysis of the data to generate a water quality index evaluation value Zsz and an ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj, so that the impact of water quality changes on signal transmission can be accurately quantified. The correlation analysis module further correlates the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj to analyze the impact of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission, generates an attenuation correlation index Zgs, and compares it with the preset correlation threshold L, and promptly issues a preliminary warning instruction for further analysis; after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the second monitoring module uses multiple sets of sensors based on the Internet of Things to The device monitors the dirt coverage of components inside the water meter and the blockage status in the pipe to obtain relevant data sets. The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module comprehensively analyzes the impact of component dirt and pipe blockage through dimensionless processing and machine learning models, and fits the water meter fault evaluation index Zgz; finally, the fault warning module compares the water meter fault evaluation index Zgz with the set fault evaluation threshold G, generates and executes corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions. In short, the system can effectively monitor and warn of the attenuation of ultrasonic signals caused by changes in suspended solids and turbidity in water quality, as well as the inaccurate data measured by ultrasonic water meters caused by blockage caused by long-term deposition, thereby improving the fault monitoring capability of ultrasonic water meters and optimizing the early warning response efficiency.

[0053] (2) Analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set, perform correlation analysis on the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj obtained during the corresponding monitoring period, and generate an attenuation correlation index Zgs. By comparing the attenuation correlation index Zgs with a preset correlation threshold L, it is accurately determined whether the water quality index has an impact on the ultrasonic transmission state, and then decide whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction. This analysis process can timely and accurately identify the impact of water quality indicators on signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission, thereby improving the reliability of monitoring and early warning during water meter operation.

[0054] (3) Through in-depth analysis of the dirt coverage of components and the blockage status in the pipe, the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is generated. By evaluating the impact of dirt coverage and pipe blockage, various fault factors can be comprehensively considered to provide a comprehensive fault assessment result. After comparing the water meter fault assessment index Zgz with the preset fault assessment threshold G, it can accurately issue early warning instructions, switch backup equipment in time, notify maintenance personnel and activate the alarm device. This multi-level and multi-faceted fault assessment and early warning mechanism ensures the stability and accuracy of the water meter and reduces the water metering error caused by water meter failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method based on the Internet of Things of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides an ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, including a first monitoring module, a pre-analysis module, a correlation analysis module, a second monitoring module, a water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module and a fault early warning module;

[0060] The first monitoring module is used to monitor the water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time at each time period in the ultrasonic water meter, and obtain a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction;

[0061] The pre-analysis module is used to analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set to obtain the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj in the corresponding monitoring period respectively;

[0062] The correlation analysis module is used to correlate the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj obtained in the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process, so as to generate an attenuation correlation index Zgs, and compare and analyze it with the preset correlation threshold L to determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction;

[0063] The second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering state information of components and the blocking state information of pipes in the ultrasonic water meter through a plurality of groups of sensors after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, and obtain a data set of the dirt covering state information of components and a data set of the blocking state information of pipes respectively;

[0064] The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module is used to perform dimensionless processing on the component dirt coverage state information data set and the pipe blocking state information data set, and use a machine learning model to fit and obtain a water meter fault evaluation index Zgz;

[0065] The fault warning module is used to compare and analyze the water meter fault assessment index Zgz with a preset fault assessment threshold G to obtain and execute corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions.

[0066] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things collects water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time based on the Internet of Things sensor, providing key data for subsequent analysis. The pre-analysis module conducts in-depth analysis of the data to generate a water quality index evaluation value Zsz and an ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj, so that the impact of water quality changes on signal transmission can be accurately quantified. The correlation analysis module further correlates the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj to analyze the degree of influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission, generates an attenuation correlation index Zgs, and compares it with the preset correlation threshold L, and promptly issues a preliminary early warning instruction for further analysis; after receiving the preliminary early warning instruction, the second monitoring module takes Multiple sets of sensors based on the Internet of Things are used to monitor the dirt coverage of components inside the water meter and the blockage status in the pipe to obtain relevant data sets. The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module comprehensively analyzes the impact of component dirt and pipe blockage through dimensionless processing and machine learning models, and fits the water meter fault assessment index Zgz; finally, the fault warning module compares the water meter fault assessment index Zgz with the set fault assessment threshold G, generates and executes corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions. In short, the system can effectively monitor and warn that changes in suspended solids and turbidity in water quality will cause the attenuation of ultrasonic signals, and long-term deposition will also cause blockage problems, resulting in inaccurate data measured by ultrasonic water meters, thereby improving the accuracy and pertinence of ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] Please refer to Figure 1 , specifically: the first monitoring module includes a water quality monitoring unit and a signal attenuation monitoring unit;

[0069] The water quality monitoring unit is used to monitor the water quality status information of each period in the ultrasonic water meter in real time through a water hardness sensor, a sedimentation analyzer and a turbidity sensor, and obtain a water quality status information data set after feature extraction, wherein the water quality status information data set includes the water hardness Dsy, the suspended solids content Khk and the turbidity Dhz of each monitoring period;

[0070] The signal attenuation monitoring unit is used to monitor the attenuation of ultrasonic signals in each time period in real time through an acoustic sensor, and to obtain an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction. The ultrasonic signal propagation status data set includes the downstream receiving signal strength Qsx and the upstream receiving signal strength Qnx in each monitoring time period. It should be noted that the downstream receiving signal strength Qsx refers to the signal strength received by the receiver after the ultrasonic signal emitted in the ultrasonic water meter is transmitted for a specified distance in the direction of the water flow, and the signal transmission direction is consistent with the water flow direction; the upstream receiving signal strength Qnx refers to the signal strength received by the receiver after the ultrasonic signal emitted in the ultrasonic water meter is transmitted for a specified distance against the direction of the water flow, and the signal transmission direction is opposite to the water flow direction.

[0071] In this embodiment, by integrating the water quality monitoring unit and the signal attenuation monitoring unit, comprehensive monitoring of the water quality and signal propagation status inside the ultrasonic water meter is achieved, thereby significantly improving the system's fault warning capability. The water quality monitoring unit uses a water hardness sensor, a sedimentation analyzer, and a turbidity sensor to accurately obtain water quality status information, including water hardness Dsy, suspended solids content Khk, and turbidity Dhz. These parameters are crucial for evaluating the impact of water quality changes on ultrasonic signal transmission. Through real-time monitoring and feature extraction, the system can promptly identify the potential impact of water quality on ultrasonic signal attenuation. The signal attenuation monitoring unit uses an acoustic sensor to accurately capture the ultrasonic signal intensity of the downstream and upstream water, thereby identifying the signal attenuation caused by water quality problems and providing accurate data support for fault warning.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the pre-analysis module includes a water quality state pre-analysis unit and a signal attenuation pre-analysis unit;

[0074] The water quality status pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the water quality status information data set, and after dimensionless processing, to obtain the water quality index evaluation value Zsz within the corresponding monitoring period by fitting, which is specifically obtained by the following formula;

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, Dsy represents water hardness, Khk represents suspended solids content, Dhz represents turbidity, and α1, α2 and α3 are all weight values;

[0077] Specifically, the signal attenuation pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set, and after dimensionless processing, to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj in the corresponding monitoring period by fitting, which is specifically obtained by the following formula;

[0078]

[0079] Where, Qsx represents the downstream receiving signal strength, Qnx represents the upstream receiving signal strength, and Qbz represents the transmitter transmission signal strength; The nonlinear effect of signal attenuation is reflected by a logarithmic function.

[0080] Specifically, the correlation analysis module includes an attenuation correlation analysis unit and a determination unit;

[0081] The attenuation correlation analysis unit is used to correlate the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj obtained in the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process, so as to generate the attenuation correlation index Zgs, which is specifically obtained by the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] Wherein, Cov(Zsz, Zsj) represents the covariance between the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj, σZsz and σZsj represent the standard deviation of the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the standard deviation of the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj; by using the formula of covariance and standard deviation, the attenuation correlation index Zgs can be intuitively understood as the ratio of the covariance between the two variables of the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj to their respective standard deviations, thereby describing the degree of linear correlation between the two.

[0084] The determination unit is used to preset a correlation threshold L, and compare and analyze the correlation threshold L with the attenuation correlation index Zgs to determine whether the water quality index has an impact on the ultrasonic transmission state. The specific contents are as follows:

[0085] If the attenuation correlation index Zgs> the correlation threshold L, it means that the current water quality index has an impact on the ultrasonic transmission state, and a preliminary warning instruction is issued. At this time, the impact on the water quality will be further analyzed;

[0086] If the attenuation correlation index Zgs is less than the correlation threshold L, it indicates that the current water quality index has an impact on the ultrasonic transmission state, and a preliminary warning instruction is issued. At this time, the impact on the water quality will be further analyzed;

[0087] If the attenuation correlation index Zgs=the correlation threshold L, it means that the current water quality index has no impact on the ultrasonic transmission state, and no additional preliminary warning instruction is issued at this time.

[0088] In this embodiment, the pre-analysis module improves the intelligence and accuracy of ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring by accurately analyzing water quality status information and ultrasonic signal propagation status data. The water quality status pre-analysis unit uses dimensionless processing technology to comprehensively evaluate the water quality status information and generate a water quality index evaluation value Zsz. By adjusting the weight value, it accurately reflects the comprehensive impact of water hardness Dsy, suspended solids content Khk and turbidity Dhz on water quality. The signal attenuation pre-analysis unit calculates the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj by analyzing the ultrasonic signal propagation status data, which can effectively capture the nonlinear signal attenuation effect and provide data support for further analysis. The analysis module uses the attenuation correlation analysis unit to perform correlation analysis on the water quality index evaluation value Zsz and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient Zsj to generate the attenuation correlation index Zgs. The ratio of covariance and standard deviation is used to describe the influence of water quality index on ultrasonic signal attenuation. The judgment unit compares the attenuation correlation index Zgs with the preset correlation threshold L to accurately judge whether the water quality index has an impact on the ultrasonic transmission state, and then decides whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction. This systematic analysis process can timely and accurately identify and warn the potential impact of water quality on ultrasonic water meters, improve the operating reliability and maintenance efficiency of water meters, and reduce the risk of failures.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] Please refer to Figure 1Specifically: the second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering status information of components in the ultrasonic water meter through a camera sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor after receiving the preliminary early warning instruction, so as to obtain a data set of component dirt covering status information, wherein the data set of component dirt covering status information includes obtaining the component dirt covering area Mzb and the component dirt covering average thickness Hyq; and is also used to monitor the pipe blocking status information through a volumetric flow sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor, so as to obtain a pipe blocking status information data set, wherein the pipe blocking status information data set includes the pipe sediment volume Vcj and the pipe wall dirt covering average thickness Hgb.

[0091] It should be noted that dirt covering the components will cause the components in the ultrasonic water meter to attenuate the strength of the ultrasonic transmission and reception signals, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic water meter; and blockage in the pipe will cause the actual flow area of ​​the water in the pipe to be smaller than the cross-section of the water pipe, making the water flow rate measured by the ultrasonic water meter too large, which in turn causes the actual measured value of the water flow to be too large.

[0092] In this embodiment, the dirt coverage status of the components inside the ultrasonic water meter is monitored in detail through the camera sensor and the ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor, and the component dirt coverage status information data set can be obtained in real time, including the component dirt coverage area Mzb and the component dirt coverage average thickness Hyq. These data provide a key basis for evaluating the working status of the ultrasonic water meter. Dirt coverage will cause the attenuation of the transmission and reception signal strength, affecting the measurement accuracy of the water meter, thereby causing inaccurate flow measurement. In addition, the second monitoring module also monitors the blockage status in the pipe through the volumetric flow sensor and the ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor to obtain the volume Vcj of the sediment in the pipe and the average thickness Hgb of the dirt coverage on the pipe wall. The blockage in the pipe will reduce the area through which the water actually flows, making the water flow rate measured by the ultrasonic water meter larger, thereby making the actual measurement value higher. Through a comprehensive understanding of the internal situation of the ultrasonic water meter, potential problems caused by component dirt and pipe blockage can be identified in a timely manner.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] Please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module includes a dirt coverage analysis unit, a pipe obstruction analysis unit and a water meter fault evaluation unit;

[0095] The dirt coverage analysis unit is used to analyze the component dirt coverage status information data set, and after dimensionless processing, obtain the dirt coverage index Zfg by fitting. The dirt coverage index Zfg is obtained by the following formula;

[0096]

[0097] Wherein, Mzb represents the dirt coverage area of ​​the component, Hyq represents the average thickness of the dirt coverage of the component, wherein δ1 and δ2 represent the weight values ​​of the component dirt coverage area Mzb and the average thickness of the dirt coverage Hyq, respectively, and A represents the first correction constant.

[0098] Specifically, the in-pipe obstruction analysis unit is used to analyze the in-pipe obstruction state information data set, and after dimensionless processing, obtain the in-pipe obstruction index Zzs by fitting. The in-pipe obstruction index Zzs is obtained by the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] Where Vcj represents the volume of sediment in the pipe, Hgb represents the average thickness of dirt covering the pipe wall, γ1 and γ2 both represent weight values, and B represents the second correction constant.

[0101] Specifically, the water meter fault assessment unit is used to associate the dirt coverage index Zfg with the pipe blockage index Zzs to obtain the water meter fault assessment index Zgz, and the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is obtained by the following formula:

[0102] Zgz=μ1×Zfg+μ2×Zzs+C;

[0103] In the formula, Zfg represents the dirt coverage index, Zzs represents the pipe blocking index, μ1 and μ2 represent the weight values ​​of the dirt coverage index Zfg and the pipe blocking index Zzs respectively, and C represents the third correction constant.

[0104] In this embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation capability of the ultrasonic water meter status is improved through the cooperation of the dirt coverage analysis unit, the pipe blockage analysis unit and the water meter fault evaluation unit. The dirt coverage analysis unit obtains the dirt coverage index Zfg by dimensionless processing of the component dirt coverage status information data set, taking into account the component dirt coverage area Mzb and the component dirt coverage average thickness Hyq, and optimizes the result by setting the weight value and correction constant. This analysis can effectively evaluate the attenuation effect of dirt on the ultrasonic signal; the pipe blockage analysis unit focuses on the volume of sediment in the pipe Vc j and the average thickness of dirt covering the pipe wall Hgb, and calculate the pipe blockage index Zzs through dimensionless processing, which reflects the impact of pipe blockage on water flow and the resulting measurement error of water flow by the water meter; the water meter fault assessment unit integrates the dirt coverage index Zfg and the pipe blockage index Zzs, and the calculated water meter fault assessment index Zgz comprehensively evaluates the operating status of the ultrasonic water meter through the set weight value and correction constant. This assessment method can not only identify and quantify the risk of water meter failure, but also provide data support for preventive maintenance, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the water meter and the overall reliability of the system.

[0105] Example 6

[0106] Please refer to Figure 1 ,Specifically: the fault warning module includes a comparison unit and a warning unit;

[0107] The comparison unit is used to preset a fault assessment threshold G, and compare and analyze the water meter fault assessment index Zgz with the preset fault assessment threshold G to obtain a corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instruction. The specific content of the fault monitoring and early warning instruction is as follows:

[0108] If the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is greater than or equal to the fault assessment threshold G, that is, Zgz≥G, a first fault monitoring and early warning instruction is obtained, indicating that the current ultrasonic water meter function state is abnormal and there is a risk of failure, and the first fault monitoring and early warning instruction is issued at this time;

[0109] If the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is less than the fault assessment threshold G, that is, Zgz<G, a second fault monitoring and early warning instruction is obtained, indicating that there is no abnormality in the current ultrasonic water meter function state and no fault risk, and the second fault monitoring and early warning instruction is issued at this time;

[0110] The early warning unit is used to specifically execute the following contents according to receiving the first fault monitoring early warning instruction and the second fault monitoring early warning instruction;

[0111] When receiving the first environmental monitoring warning instruction, the execution content is to enable the backup water meter, and the system will automatically switch the water pipeline to the backup equipment to ensure the normal supply of water flow; automatically send an alarm notification to the maintenance personnel, inform the existing fault risks and specific abnormal conditions by SMS and email, and generate a fault report and send it to the maintenance personnel. The fault report contains water meter fault assessment information, specific component dirt coverage status information and pipe blockage status information, as well as related water quality and ultrasonic signal attenuation data information for subsequent maintenance and fault analysis; activate the sound and light alarm device to alert nearby personnel;

[0112] When the second environmental monitoring early warning instruction is received, the execution content is to record the current monitoring data in the system database as log information of the normal operation of the system for future trend analysis and system debugging. Data collection and analysis continue according to the established monitoring cycle. No additional measures are required and no alarms or notifications are triggered.

[0113] In this embodiment, the fault monitoring and early warning capabilities of the ultrasonic water meter are improved by the comparison unit and the early warning unit. The comparison unit can determine whether there is an abnormality in the state of the ultrasonic water meter by comparing the water meter fault assessment index Zgz with the preset fault assessment threshold G. If the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is greater than or equal to the fault assessment threshold G, the system will issue a first fault monitoring early warning instruction, indicating that the water meter has a fault risk. At this time, the early warning unit will automatically enable the backup water meter to ensure the continuous supply of water flow, and notify the maintenance personnel through SMS and email, provide detailed fault information and fault reports, help quickly locate and repair the problem, and activate the sound and light alarm device to remind nearby personnel to improve vigilance; if the water meter fault assessment index Zgz is less than the fault assessment threshold G, the system will issue a second fault monitoring early warning instruction, indicating that the current state is normal, and the system will record the monitoring data as log information for subsequent analysis and system debugging, and continue to monitor according to the established cycle without additional intervention. Such a design not only effectively ensures the continuous and stable operation of the water meter, but also can respond to potential fault risks in a timely manner, optimize the maintenance process, and enhance the reliability and safety of the system.

[0114] Example 7

[0115] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,Specifically: An ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method based on the ,Internet of Things, comprises the following steps;

[0116] Step 1: Real-time monitoring of water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in each period of time in the ultrasonic water meter is performed, and after feature extraction, a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set are obtained respectively;

[0117] Step 2: Analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set, and associate the water quality index assessment level and ultrasonic signal attenuation obtained during the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process, and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction;

[0118] Step 3: After receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the dirt covering state information of the components in the ultrasonic water meter and the blockage state information in the pipe are monitored by several groups of sensors, and the obtained data sets of the dirt covering state information of the components and the blockage state information in the pipe are associated to evaluate the fault state of the water meter;

[0119] Step 4: Compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute the corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instructions.

[0120] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: It includes a first monitoring module, a pre-analysis module, a correlation analysis module, a second monitoring module, a water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module and a fault early warning module; The first monitoring module is used to monitor the water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in real time at each time period in the ultrasonic water meter, and obtain a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction; The pre-analysis module is used to analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set to obtain the water quality index evaluation level and ultrasonic signal attenuation within the corresponding monitoring period; The correlation analysis module is used to correlate the water quality index assessment level and the ultrasonic signal attenuation during the corresponding monitoring period, so as to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction; The second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering state information of components and the blocking state information of pipes in the ultrasonic water meter through a plurality of groups of sensors after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, and obtain a data set of the dirt covering state information of components and a data set of the blocking state information of pipes respectively; The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module is used to associate the component dirt coverage status information data set with the pipe blockage status information data set to evaluate the fault status of the water meter; The fault warning module is used to compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions.

2. According to the Internet of Things-based ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system of claim 1, it is characterized by: The first monitoring module is used to monitor the water quality status and ultrasonic signal attenuation of each period in the ultrasonic water meter in real time, and obtain a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set after feature extraction, specifically: The first monitoring module includes a water quality monitoring unit and a signal attenuation monitoring unit; The water quality monitoring unit is used to monitor the water quality status of the ultrasonic water meter in real time at each time period, and obtain a water quality status information data set after extracting water quality characteristics; The water quality feature extraction is performed by identifying and extracting the water quality status information data set monitored in real time to extract key indicators, including water hardness, suspended solids content and turbidity; The signal attenuation monitoring unit is used to monitor the attenuation of the ultrasonic signal in each time period in real time, and obtain the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set after signal feature extraction; The signal feature extraction is performed by identifying and extracting a real-time monitored ultrasonic signal propagation state data set to extract key indicators, including downstream receiving signal strength and upstream receiving signal strength.

3. According to claim 2, the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: The pre-analysis module is used to analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set to obtain the water quality index evaluation level and ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period, specifically: The pre-analysis module includes a water quality state pre-analysis unit and a signal attenuation pre-analysis unit; The water quality status pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the water quality status information data set, after dimensionless processing, and based on the key indicators of the water quality status and the set weights, to obtain the water quality indicator evaluation level within the corresponding monitoring period; The signal attenuation pre-analysis unit is used to analyze the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set, and after dimensionless processing, obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period based on the key indicators and set weights of the ultrasonic signal; The dimensionless processing is to normalize the parameters with different units in the water quality state information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation state data set, and convert them into a unitless pure numerical form.

4. According to claim 3, the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: The correlation analysis module is used to correlate the water quality index assessment level and the ultrasonic signal attenuation in the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction, specifically: The correlation analysis module includes a decay correlation analysis unit and a determination unit; The attenuation correlation analysis unit is used to associate the water quality index assessment level obtained during the corresponding monitoring period with the ultrasonic signal attenuation, and analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process after dimensionless processing based on the statistical algorithm of data distribution characteristics; The determination unit is used to determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction after comparing the influence of water quality indicators on signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission. The specific contents are as follows: If the water quality index affects the signal attenuation during ultrasonic transmission, a preliminary warning instruction will be issued, and the impact on water quality will be further analyzed; otherwise, no additional preliminary warning instruction will be issued.

5. According to claim 4, the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things is characterized by: The second monitoring module is used to monitor the dirt covering state information of components and the blocking state information of pipes in the ultrasonic water meter through a plurality of sets of sensors after receiving the preliminary warning instruction, and obtain a data set of the dirt covering state information of components and a data set of the blocking state information of pipes respectively, specifically: After receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the dirt covering status information of the components in the ultrasonic water meter is monitored by a camera sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor to obtain a data set of the dirt covering status information of the components; The blockage status information in the pipe is monitored by a volumetric flow sensor and an ultrasonic thickness measurement sensor to obtain a data set of the blockage status information in the pipe.

6. The ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5 is characterized by: The water meter fault comprehensive evaluation module is used to associate the component dirt coverage status information data set with the pipe blocking status information data set to evaluate the fault state of the water meter, and the specific evaluation process is as follows; The water meter fault comprehensive assessment module includes a dirt coverage analysis unit, an in-pipe obstruction analysis unit and a water meter fault assessment unit; Based on the obtained component dirt coverage status information dataset, weights are set for key factors of dirt coverage; The dirt coverage analysis unit generates a calculation formula based on the acquired component dirt coverage status information data set and the set weights after dimensionless processing to analyze the component dirt coverage status.

7. The ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5 is characterized by: The in-pipe obstruction analysis unit sets weights for key factors of in-pipe obstruction based on the acquired in-pipe obstruction state information data set; Based on the acquired in-pipe obstruction status information data set and the set weights, a calculation formula is generated after dimensionless processing to analyze the in-pipe obstruction situation.

8. The ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7 is characterized by: The water meter fault assessment unit sets a weight based on the influence of the acquired dirt coverage and pipe blockage on the fault state of the water meter; The analyzed dirt coverage is correlated with the blockage in the pipe, combined with the set weights, and after dimensionless processing, a calculation formula is generated to evaluate the fault state of the water meter.

9. The ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8 is characterized by: The fault warning module is used to compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute the corresponding fault monitoring and warning instructions. The specific process is as follows: The fault warning module includes a comparison unit and a warning unit; The comparison unit is used to compare and analyze the fault state of the water meter to obtain the corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instructions. The specific content of the fault monitoring and early warning instructions is as follows: If the water meter is in a fault state, it means that the current function state of the ultrasonic water meter is abnormal and there is a risk of failure. At this time, the first fault monitoring warning instruction is issued; If the water meter is not in a fault state, it means that there is no abnormality in the current function state of the ultrasonic water meter and there is no fault risk. At this time, the second fault monitoring warning instruction is issued; The early warning unit is used to specifically execute the following contents according to receiving the first fault monitoring early warning instruction and the second fault monitoring early warning instruction; When receiving the first environmental monitoring warning instruction, the execution content is to enable the backup water meter, and the system will automatically switch the water pipeline to the backup equipment to ensure the normal supply of water flow; automatically send an alarm notification to the maintenance personnel, inform the existing fault risks and specific abnormal conditions by SMS and email, and generate a fault report and send it to the maintenance personnel. The fault report contains water meter fault assessment information, specific component dirt coverage status information and pipe blockage status information, as well as related water quality and ultrasonic signal attenuation data information for subsequent maintenance and fault analysis; activate the sound and light alarm device to alert nearby personnel; When the second environmental monitoring early warning instruction is received, the execution content is to record the current monitoring data in the system database as log information of the normal operation of the system for future trend analysis and system debugging. Data collection and analysis continue according to the established monitoring cycle. No additional measures are required and no alarms or notifications are triggered.

10. An ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning method based on the Internet of Things, used to implement the ultrasonic water meter fault monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Real-time monitoring of water quality status information and ultrasonic signal attenuation in each period of time in the ultrasonic water meter is performed, and after feature extraction, a water quality status information data set and an ultrasonic signal propagation status data set are obtained respectively; Step 2: Analyze the water quality status information data set and the ultrasonic signal propagation status data set, and associate the water quality index assessment level and ultrasonic signal attenuation obtained during the corresponding monitoring period to analyze the influence of the water quality index on the signal attenuation during the ultrasonic transmission process, and determine whether to issue a preliminary warning instruction; Step 3: After receiving the preliminary warning instruction, the dirt covering state information of the components in the ultrasonic water meter and the blockage state information in the pipe are monitored by several groups of sensors, and the obtained data sets of the dirt covering state information of the components and the blockage state information in the pipe are associated to evaluate the fault state of the water meter; Step 4: Compare and analyze the fault status of the water meter to obtain and execute the corresponding fault monitoring and early warning instructions.

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