The invention discloses a ladle furnace load optimal scheduling model based on demand control. The ladle furnace load optimal scheduling model comprises the steps: 1, establishing a production process resource-task network (RTN) model according to the technological process of the steel industry, establishing task nodes and resource nodes, setting Boolean variables for the resource nodes except electric power to represent resource states, and setting a Boolean variable for the running state of the task node to represent as well; 2, modeling a refining task process of the ladle furnace, and establishing corresponding constraint conditions for various power receiving control methods such as translation, interruption and reduction; 3, for transfer cost, loss cost and risk cost possibly caused by a power receiving control means, establishing a ladle furnace optimal scheduling loss model by considering the cost; and 4, aiming at an objective function under a real-time maximum demand charging background, establishing a steel ladle furnace load optimization scheduling model based on demand control. Compared with a traditional optimization scheduling method based on time-of-use electricity price rearrangement of all-day task time periods, the ladle furnace load optimal scheduling model based on demand control has the advantages of reducing the peak demand under the condition of not influencing the tasks of other time periods of the whole day, greatly reducing the production power consumption cost, and for a power grid, reducing the pressure of steel industry users on the reserve capacity of power grid transformation facilities, and reducing the power grid construction cost.