The invention provides a case reasoning-based 
iron ore floatation 
reagent dosage optimization setting method and a case reasoning-based 
iron ore floatation 
reagent dosage optimization setting 
system. The method comprises the following steps: extracting historical data from the production process of 
iron ore floatation; establishing an iron ore floatation case 
library, wherein a floatation boundary condition and a process index target value serve as 
case description, and a floatation 
reagent dose serves as case solution; performing case retrieval in the case 
library to obtain a group of similarity values; arranging the similarity values from large to small and selecting the 
case description corresponding to the previous n similarity values to serve as reference 
case description of the current working condition; reusing the case to obtain a new case solution; when error is more than a set threshold value, correcting the case and generating a new case; finding the case description with the maximal similarity value with the case description of the new case through case retrieval to finish case 
library updating. By the method and the 
system, a reagent dosage setting value suitable for various working conditions is given out by virtue of measurable production data related to the iron ore floatation reagent dosage, so that the safety, the reliability and the economic performance of the iron ore floatation production can be improved.