A design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance

Abstract

The present invention provides a design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaic component testing. The solar simulator design method includes: configuring the solar simulator to provide solar simulated light to a spectrum analyzer; performing preliminary calibration of the solar simulator based on the irradiance difference between the simulated integrated irradiance data of the light in the spectrum data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analyzer and the standard integrated irradiance data; configuring the solar simulator to provide preliminarily adjusted solar simulated light to a standard battery, and confirming and calibrating the spectrum data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analyzer based on the current difference between the output current of the standard battery and the calibrated value of the standard battery. The solar simulator is suitable for designing a solar simulator for measuring the photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric element testing, and in particular to a design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance. Background Art

[0002] The photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells is an important basis for evaluating the quality of cell performance, and short-circuit current is one of the key parameters of photoelectric performance. Because it is not affected by natural energy and environmental factors and is easy to operate, the indoor solar simulator method is a commonly used battery current-voltage characteristic test method in laboratories and factory production lines. When using the indoor solar simulator method to test the short-circuit current of photovoltaic cells, the difference between the irradiance of the solar simulation light source and the irradiance in standard test conditions can directly affect the accuracy of the test results. Current solar simulation light sources mostly use light sources with fixed spectral irradiance, such as xenon lamps. In order to eliminate the difference between the irradiance of the solar simulation light source and the irradiance in standard test conditions, the overall spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light source is generally calibrated. However, the difference between the spectral irradiance of the subdivided bands of the spectrum of most solar simulation light sources and the corresponding irradiance in standard test conditions cannot be eliminated, resulting in inaccurate measurement results of the photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells obtained using the indoor solar simulator method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance, which is used to solve the defect of inaccurate measurement results of the photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells obtained by indoor solar simulator method in the prior art, and can improve the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0004] The present invention provides a design method for a solar simulator, comprising: setting a solar simulator to provide solar simulation light to a spectral analysis device; receiving spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device, and selecting a first band from the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light; obtaining simulated integrated irradiance data of light in the first band from the spectral data of the solar simulation light, and obtaining standard integrated irradiance data of light in the first band from preset standard solar spectrum data; obtaining an irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data, and judging whether the irradiance difference value is within an irradiance tolerance range; if so, preliminarily completing the calibration of the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulation light; repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance, and performing preliminary calibration on the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0005] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, after obtaining the irradiance difference value between the simulated integral irradiance data and the standard integral irradiance data and judging whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range, the method further includes: if not, adjusting the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulation light based on the relative position relationship between the irradiance difference value and the irradiance tolerance range, and repeating the process of judging whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range.

[0006] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, after preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light to the standard battery, obtaining the output current generated by the standard battery under the irradiation of the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light; obtaining the current difference value between the output current of the standard battery and the calibration value of the standard battery, and judging whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range; if so, completing the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0007] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, after preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light to the standard battery, obtaining the output current generated by the standard battery under the irradiation of the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light; obtaining the spectral mismatch factor of the standard photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic cell under test under the spectral irradiance of the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light of the solar simulator; correcting the calibration value of the standard battery based on the spectral mismatch factor; obtaining the current difference value between the output current of the standard battery and the corrected calibration value of the standard battery, and judging whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range; if so, completing the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0008] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, it also includes a plurality of standard sub-cells, the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells includes at least two bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulation light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulation light; the photovoltaic cell to be tested is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells; after the spectral irradiance of the remaining light in each band in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is preliminarily calibrated, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide the first standard sub-cell with the The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator, obtaining the output current generated by the first standard sub-cell under the irradiation of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator; obtaining the current difference between the output current of the first standard sub-cell and the calibration value of the first standard sub-cell, and judging whether the current difference is within the current tolerance range; if so, completing the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light, repeating the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data, and confirming and calibrating the spectral irradiance data of the light in each of the remaining spectral response wavelength ranges in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0009] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, the method further includes a plurality of standard sub-cells, the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells including at least two bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulation light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulation light; the photovoltaic cell to be tested is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells; after preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide light in the first spectral response wavelength range to the first standard sub-cell, obtaining the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the first standard sub-cell in the solar simulator. the output current generated under the irradiation of light; obtaining the first spectral mismatch factor of the first standard sub-cell and the corresponding sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell under the spectral irradiance of light in the first spectral response wavelength range of the solar simulator; correcting the calibration value of the first standard sub-cell based on the first spectral mismatch factor; obtaining the current difference between the output current of the first standard sub-cell and the corrected calibration value of the first standard sub-cell, and judging whether the current difference is within the current tolerance range; if so, completing the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light, repeating the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data, and confirming and calibrating the spectral irradiance data of the light in each remaining spectral response wavelength range in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0010] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, after determining whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range, the method further includes: if not, calibrating the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device based on the current difference value, and the error between the spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light; based on the calibrated spectral analysis device, repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance, or repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance and the confirmation calibration process of the spectral irradiance data in sequence.

[0011] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, the current difference value is the ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery, or the ratio of the corrected calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery; based on the current difference value, the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light is calibrated, including: obtaining the ratio of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light to the current difference value as the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light after calibration.

[0012] According to a design method of a solar simulator provided by the present invention, the solar simulator includes a plurality of monochromatic light generators; before receiving the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and selecting a first band from the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light, the method further includes: obtaining the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator among the plurality of monochromatic light generators; judging whether the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest central wavelength or the longest central wavelength; if the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest central wavelength, obtaining the shortest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator as the left endpoint of the shortest band among the plurality of preset bands; obtaining the first central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator; obtaining the second central wavelength of the monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtaining the intermediate wavelength between the first central wavelength and the second central wavelength as the right endpoint of the shortest band; or if the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the longest central wavelength, obtaining the longest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator, as the right endpoint of the longest wavelength band among the multiple preset wavelength bands; obtain the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator; obtain the second center wavelength of the monochromatic light generator with a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtain the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength as the left endpoint of the longest wavelength band; or if the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is not the shortest center wavelength or the longest center wavelength, obtain the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator, obtain the second center wavelength of the short-wave monochromatic light generator with a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtain the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength as the left endpoint of the corresponding wavelength band; obtain the third center wavelength of the long-wave monochromatic light generator with a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtain the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the third center wavelength as the right endpoint of the corresponding wavelength band; repeat the process of determining whether the center wavelength of the monochromatic light generator is the shortest center wavelength or the longest center wavelength to obtain the corresponding wavelength band of each remaining monochromatic light generator.

[0013] The present invention also provides a solar simulator design system, comprising: a solar simulator, a spectral analysis device and a solar simulator control unit; the solar simulator is used to provide simulated sunlight; the spectral analysis device is used to receive the simulated sunlight and obtain spectral data of the solar simulated light; the solar simulator control unit is used to execute any of the solar simulator design methods described above.

[0014] The present invention provides a design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance. The method obtains the irradiance difference value between the simulated integral irradiance data of each band of light in the spectral data of solar simulated light and the standard integral irradiance data of the corresponding band in the standard solar spectrum data. By making the irradiance difference value within the irradiance tolerance range, the spectral irradiance of each band of solar simulated light is adjusted respectively to complete the adjustment of the spectral irradiance of the overall solar simulated light, thereby reducing the difference between the simulated integral irradiance of the solar simulated light and the spectral irradiance of the preset standard solar spectrum, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results of the photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells obtained by the indoor solar simulator method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the design method of the solar simulator provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is one of the module schematic diagrams of the design system of the solar simulator provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the second module schematic diagram of the design system of the solar simulator provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure numerals: 10: solar simulator; 11: monochromatic light generator; 20: spectrum analysis device; 30: solar simulator control unit; 40: standard cell; 41: top junction standard sub-cell; 42: bottom junction standard sub-cell; 50: optical homogenization unit; 51: fly-eye lens group; 52: focusing lens; 60: test bench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention describes a design method and system for automatically calibrating a solar simulator for spectrum and irradiance according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can automatically calibrate the spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator based on the spectral data transmitted by the spectral analysis device; and automatically calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the spectral data received by the spectral analysis device based on a standard battery, automatically calibrate the spectral analysis device, and automatically calibrate the simulated spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator based on the automatically calibrated spectral analysis device.

[0022] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a design method for a solar simulator, including steps 101 to 106.

[0023] Step 101: Set a solar simulator to provide solar simulated light to a spectrum analysis device.

[0024] Step 102 : Receive the spectrum data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device, and select a first wavelength band from the wavelength range of the spectrum data of the solar simulation light.

[0025] Step 103 : obtaining simulated integrated irradiance data of light in the first wavelength band from the spectrum data of the simulated solar light, and obtaining standard integrated irradiance data of light in the first wavelength band from preset standard solar spectrum data.

[0026] Step 104 : obtaining an irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data, and determining whether the irradiance difference value is within an irradiance tolerance range.

[0027] Step 105: If so, the calibration of the spectral irradiance of the first band of the solar simulation light is preliminarily completed; the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance is repeated to preliminarily calibrate the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0028] Here, "setting" can be understood as controlling corresponding components to perform corresponding functions according to human-generated setting instructions. A solar simulator is a device used to simulate sunlight. In this embodiment, the light emitted by the solar simulator is solar simulated light. A spectrum analyzer is a device used to obtain spectral data from the received solar simulated light. A spectrum analyzer, spectrum detector, or the like can be used. Solar simulated light refers to light whose spectrum is substantially consistent with the solar spectrum.

[0029] The spectral data of the solar simulation light may include the wavelength range of the solar simulation light, and the wavelength range of the solar simulation light may be divided into a plurality of preset bands, and the first band may be one of the plurality of preset bands. The spectral data of the solar simulation light may also include simulated integrated irradiance data for each of the plurality of preset bands. Similar to the spectral data of the solar simulation light, the preset standard solar spectrum data may include the wavelength range of standard solar light, and the wavelength range of standard solar light may correspond to the wavelength range of the solar simulation light. The preset standard solar spectrum data may also include standard integrated irradiance data for each of the plurality of preset bands. Among them, the preset standard solar spectrum may be an AM1.5G standard solar spectrum, or a non-AM1.5G standard solar spectrum, etc.

[0030] In the spectral data of solar simulation light, the simulated integrated irradiance data of each band in a plurality of preset bands is the irradiance data obtained by the spectral analysis device measuring the solar simulation light. The spectral irradiance of light in each band of solar simulation light is the irradiance of light in each band of solar simulation light actually provided by the solar simulator. The preset standard solar spectrum data may also include standard integrated irradiance data for each band in a plurality of preset bands, which refers to the integrated irradiance of light with a wavelength in the first band under the preset standard test conditions. Exemplarily, the preset standard test conditions may be the standard test conditions may be the AM1.5G standard solar spectrum, temperature 25°C, 1000W / m 2 Irradiance. Both simulated integrated irradiance and standard integrated irradiance are integrated irradiance. Taking the first band as an example, the integrated irradiance of the first band, also known as the spectral irradiance of the first band, refers to the sum of the irradiance of light with a wavelength within the first band.

[0031] The wavelength bands include multiple continuous wavelengths. The preset wavelength bands can be multiple continuous wavelength bands ranging from the shortest wavelength to the longest wavelength in the spectrum of the solar simulated light, or they can be multiple discrete wavelength bands selected randomly or based on a certain pattern from the spectrum of the solar simulated light. If the preset wavelength bands are discrete wavelength bands, for example, the certain pattern can be that the wavelength bands are 20 nanometers, and the interval between adjacent wavelength bands is 40 nanometers, thereby obtaining multiple discrete wavelength bands as the aforementioned preset wavelength bands.

[0032] The irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data may be the ratio of the simulated integrated irradiance data to the standard integrated irradiance data, or the difference between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data, etc. Correspondingly, the irradiance tolerance range may be a preset ratio range of the simulated integrated irradiance data to the standard integrated irradiance data, or a preset difference range of the simulated integrated irradiance data to the standard integrated irradiance data. Exemplarily, when the irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data is the ratio of the simulated integrated irradiance data to the standard integrated irradiance data, the irradiance tolerance range is [0.9, 1.1]. When the ratio of the simulated integrated irradiance data to the standard integrated irradiance data is within the range of [0.9, 1.1], the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range.

[0033] When performing a preliminary calibration on the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light, the simulated integrated irradiance of each remaining band of light in multiple preset bands can be preliminarily calibrated in the order of wavelength from small to large, or the simulated integrated irradiance of each remaining band of light in multiple preset bands can be preliminarily calibrated in the order of wavelength from large to small.

[0034] This embodiment provides a design method for a solar simulator, which obtains the irradiance difference value between the simulated integral irradiance data of each band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulated light and the standard integral irradiance data of the corresponding band in the standard solar spectrum data, and adjusts the spectral irradiance of each band of the solar simulated light by making the irradiance difference value within the irradiance tolerance range, so as to complete the adjustment of the overall spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light, reduce the difference between the simulated integral irradiance of the solar simulated light and the spectral irradiance of the preset standard solar spectrum, and thereby improve the accuracy of the measurement results of the photoelectric performance of the photovoltaic cell obtained by the indoor solar simulator method.

[0035] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, after obtaining the irradiance difference value between the simulated integral irradiance data and the standard integral irradiance data and judging whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range, the method further includes: if not, adjusting the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulation light based on the relative position relationship between the irradiance difference value and the irradiance tolerance range, and repeating the process of judging whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range.

[0036] If the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range, it indicates that the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is smaller than the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the preset standard solar spectrum, and the spectral irradiance of the first band of light in the solar simulation light can be increased; if the irradiance difference value is greater than the first standard, it indicates that the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is larger than the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the preset standard solar spectrum, and the spectral irradiance of the first band of light in the solar simulation light can be reduced.

[0037] For example, the spectral irradiance of the first band of solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator can be adjusted by adjusting the output power of the solar simulator, or by setting a light filler.

[0038] When repeating the preliminary calibration process of spectral irradiance and performing preliminary calibration on the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of solar simulation light, the technical characteristics of the corresponding band can be used to replace the technical characteristics of the first band to perform preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of the light in the corresponding band.

[0039] For example, when adjusting the output power of the solar simulator and adjusting the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulated light, if it is determined that the irradiance difference value is not within the irradiance tolerance range and is on the left side of the irradiance tolerance range, it is necessary to reduce the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulated light, and the output power of the solar simulator can be lowered by 1 watt to determine whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range; if the judgment result changes to that the irradiance difference value is not within the irradiance tolerance range and is on the right side of the irradiance tolerance range, it is necessary to increase the simulated integrated irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulated light, and the output power of the solar simulator can be increased by 0.5 watts to determine whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range; and so on, until the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range.

[0040] The solar simulator design method provided in this embodiment automatically calibrates the spectral irradiance of each wavelength band of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator by determining the difference between the simulated integrated irradiance data of each wavelength band of the received spectral data of the solar simulated light measured by the spectral analysis device and the standard integrated irradiance data of the corresponding wavelength band of the standard solar spectrum data. This ensures that the spectral irradiance of each wavelength band of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance data of the corresponding wavelength band of the standard solar spectrum data. This enables automatic calibration of the spectral irradiance of the overall solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator based on the preset standard spectrum data. In other words, when a spectrum curve graph is generated, the spectrum curve of the solar simulated light provided by the automatically calibrated solar simulator has a shape that is substantially the same as the standard solar spectrum curve.

[0041] Although the wavelengths in the spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer accurately correspond to the wavelengths in the standard solar spectrum data, due to factors such as the lack of calibration of the spectrum analyzer or calibration errors, the spectral irradiance data for each wavelength in the spectrum analyzer's spectral data may differ from the spectral irradiance of the corresponding wavelengths actually provided by the solar simulator. Therefore, automatic calibration of the spectral irradiance in the spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer is necessary.

[0042] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, after the spectral irradiance of each remaining band of light in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is preliminarily calibrated, the method also includes: setting the solar simulator to provide the preliminarily calibrated solar simulation light to the standard battery, obtaining the output current generated by the standard battery under the irradiation of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulation light; obtaining the current difference value between the output current of the standard battery and the calibration value of the standard battery, and judging whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range; if so, completing the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0043] Among them, the standard cell can also be called a standard solar cell or a standard photovoltaic cell. For example, the standard cell can be a photovoltaic cell traceable to the International System of Units. The output current of the standard cell can be the short-circuit current value per unit irradiance under the irradiation of solar simulated light; the calibration value of the standard cell can be the short-circuit current value per unit irradiance under standard test conditions. The standard test conditions can be AM1.5G standard solar spectrum, temperature 25℃, 1000W / m 2 Irradiance.

[0044] Similar to the irradiance difference between simulated integrated irradiance data and standard integrated irradiance data, the current difference between the output current of a standard battery and its calibrated value can be the ratio of the calibrated value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery, or the difference between the calibrated value of the standard battery and the output current of the standard battery. The irradiance difference value can represent the deviation between the simulated integrated irradiance data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer and the simulated integrated irradiance of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator.

[0045] Accordingly, the current tolerance range can be a preset ratio range of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery, or a preset difference range between the calibration value of the standard battery and the output current of the standard battery. For example, when the current difference between the output current of the standard battery and the calibration value of the standard battery is the ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery, the current tolerance range can be [0.99, 1.01]. When the ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery is within the range of [0.99, 1.01], the current difference is within the current tolerance range.

[0046] The irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range, and the spectral irradiance data of light in the first wavelength band in the spectral data of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device is substantially identical to the spectral irradiance of light in the corresponding wavelength band under standard test conditions. The current difference value is within the current tolerance range, and the output current generated by the standard battery under irradiation with light in the first wavelength band provided by the solar simulator is substantially identical to the calibrated value of the standard battery under irradiation with standard sunlight in the first wavelength band.

[0047] The output current of the standard battery is the output current generated when exposed to the light in the first wavelength band actually provided by the solar simulator. Therefore, if the output current of the standard battery is substantially the same as the calibration value of the standard battery, then the spectral irradiance of the light in the first wavelength band actually provided by the solar simulator is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance data for the light in the first wavelength band in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulated light. This means that the calibration of the spectral irradiance data for the light in the first wavelength band in the spectral data of the solar simulated light is complete.

[0048] The working principle and technical effect of confirming the spectral irradiance data of light in other bands in the spectral data of calibrated solar simulation light are basically the same as the working principle and technical effect of confirming the spectral irradiance data of the first band in the spectral data of calibrated solar simulation light mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] The design method of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment confirms and calibrates the spectral irradiance data of light in each band in the spectral data of the solar simulation light, so that the spectral irradiance data of light in each band in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is basically the same as the spectral irradiance of light in the first band actually provided by the solar simulator, so that the spectral irradiance of light in each band provided by the calibrated solar simulator is basically the same as the spectral irradiance of light in the corresponding band of the preset standard solar spectrum, which can further reduce the difference between the spectrum of the solar simulation light and the preset standard solar spectrum, and improve the accuracy of the measurement results of the photoelectric performance of photovoltaic cells obtained by the indoor solar simulator method.

[0050] After determining whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range, the method further includes: if not, calibrating the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light based on the current difference value; and repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance based on the calibrated spectral analysis device.

[0051] The error is the error in measuring the spectral irradiance of the spectrum analyzer within the spectral response wavelength range. The calibrated spectrum analyzer refers to the spectral irradiance data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analyzer, which is the spectral irradiance data of the solar simulated light after calibration.

[0052] The current difference value is not within the current tolerance range, and the output current generated by the standard battery under the illumination of the first wavelength band of light provided by the solar simulator is significantly different from the calibration value of the standard battery under the illumination of the first wavelength band of standard sunlight. Therefore, it can be determined that the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light actually provided by the solar simulator is significantly different from the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device. In other words, it is necessary to further calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device so that the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light actually provided by the solar simulator, thereby increasing the accuracy of the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light calibrated using the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light.

[0053] In order to further verify whether the spectral irradiance of the light actually provided by the solar simulator after repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance is basically the same as the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light, further, on the basis of the above embodiments, after repeating the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance, the confirmation calibration process of the spectral irradiance data can also be repeated.

[0054] There may be a deviation between the simulated integrated irradiance data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer and the simulated integrated irradiance data of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator. The design method of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment uses a standard battery to determine whether the deviation of the spectral irradiance data of each wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer is within a tolerance range, and automatically calibrates the spectral irradiance data of each wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer so that the spectral irradiance data of each wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance of each wavelength band of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator, thereby automatically calibrating the spectral irradiance data of the overall spectral data of the solar simulated light provided by the spectrum analyzer based on the standard battery. When a spectral curve graph is formed, the spectral irradiance data of each wavelength band of the light provided by the solar simulator after the automatic spectral data calibration is maintained unchanged, and the spectral irradiance data of each wavelength band of the light is adjusted up or down based on the standard battery, so as to generally adjust the position of the spectral curve in the formed spectral curve graph.

[0055] The solar simulator design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention can ensure that the spectrum of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator is substantially consistent with a preset standard solar spectrum. Specifically, the method can automatically calibrate the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data provided by a spectral analyzer based on a standard battery. Based on the difference between the automatically calibrated spectral data and the preset standard spectrum, the simulated integrated spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator can be automatically calibrated, thereby improving the calibration efficiency of the solar simulator.

[0056] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the current difference value is the ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery; based on the current difference value, the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light is calibrated, including: obtaining the ratio of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light to the current difference value as the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light after calibration.

[0057] Among them, when repeating the preliminary calibration process of spectral irradiance, or repeating the preliminary calibration process of spectral irradiance and the confirmation calibration process of spectral irradiance data in sequence, when calibrating the spectral irradiance data of each remaining band of light in the spectral data of solar simulation light, the technical characteristics of the corresponding band can be used to replace the technical characteristics of the first band to perform calibration of the corresponding band.

[0058] Exemplarily, the ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery is not within the current tolerance range and is located to the left of the current tolerance range, and the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light actually provided is greater than the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of the standard solar spectrum. Because the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulation light is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light, the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light actually provided is greater than the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulation light, and the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light in the spectral data of the preliminary calibrated solar simulation light is adjusted upward so that the spectral irradiance data of the first wavelength band of light is substantially the same as the spectral irradiance of the first wavelength band of light actually provided by the solar simulator.

[0059] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the solar simulator includes multiple monochromatic light generators; before receiving the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and selecting the first band from the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light, the method also includes: obtaining the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator among the multiple monochromatic light generators; and determining whether the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest central wavelength or the longest central wavelength.

[0060] If the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest center wavelength, the shortest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is obtained as the left endpoint of the shortest wavelength band among the multiple preset wavelength bands; the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is obtained; the second center wavelength of a monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator is obtained, and the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength is obtained as the right endpoint of the shortest wavelength band.

[0061] Alternatively, if the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the longest center wavelength, the longest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is obtained as the right endpoint of the longest wavelength band among the multiple preset wavelength bands; the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is obtained; the second center wavelength of a monochromatic light generator having an adjacent wavelength to the first monochromatic light generator is obtained, and the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength is obtained as the left endpoint of the longest wavelength band.

[0062] Alternatively, if the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is not the shortest center wavelength or the longest center wavelength, the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is obtained, the second center wavelength of a short-wave monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator is obtained, and the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength is obtained as the left endpoint of the corresponding band; the third center wavelength of a long-wave monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator is obtained, and the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the third center wavelength is obtained as the right endpoint of the corresponding band; and the process of determining whether the center wavelength is the shortest center wavelength or the longest center wavelength is repeated to obtain the corresponding band of each remaining monochromatic light generator.

[0063] Among them, the monochromatic light generator can be an LED (Light Emitting Diode) with different wavelengths, or it can be a combination of a light source with a fixed spectrum and filters with different central wavelengths. For example, a xenon lamp combined with a filter with a central wavelength of 500 nanometers can serve as one monochromatic light generator, and a xenon lamp combined with a filter with a central wavelength of 600 nanometers can serve as another monochromatic light generator.

[0064] The shortest center wavelength is the shortest center wavelength among the center wavelengths of multiple monochromatic light generators, and the longest center wavelength is the longest center wavelength among the center wavelengths of multiple monochromatic light generators. The left endpoint is the shortest wavelength in the band, and the right endpoint is the longest wavelength in the band.

[0065] Adjacent short-wave monochromatic light generators are two monochromatic light generators whose center wavelengths are adjacent to the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator, and are monochromatic light generators with short center wavelengths; adjacent long-wave monochromatic light generators are two monochromatic light generators whose center wavelengths are adjacent to the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator, and are monochromatic light generators with long center wavelengths.

[0066] For example, in this embodiment, the simulated integrated irradiance of the solar simulated light in the corresponding wavelength band of the monochromatic light generator can be adjusted by adjusting the output power of the monochromatic light generator. The solar simulator design method provided in this embodiment can automatically calibrate the output power of each monochromatic light generator in the solar simulator based on the difference between the spectrum of the simulated sunlight of the solar simulator measured by a spectrum analysis device and a preset standard spectrum, thereby adjusting the spectral irradiance of the light in the corresponding wavelength band and automatically calibrating the relative spectral distribution of the solar simulated light of the entire solar simulator.

[0067] The design method of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment obtains the corresponding preset band through a monochromatic light generator, which can facilitate adjustment of the spectral irradiance of light in the corresponding band within the wavelength range of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator.

[0068] Photovoltaic cells include single-junction photovoltaic cells and multi-junction photovoltaic cells. Multi-junction photovoltaic cells can also be called stacked photovoltaic cells. Multi-junction photovoltaic cells may include multiple thin-film sub-cells generated by molecular beam epitaxy or metal organic chemical vapor deposition. The spectral response wavelength ranges of different sub-cells are different, and the spectral responsivity of different sub-cells may also be different.

[0069] In order to make the solar simulated light provided by the calibrated solar simulator suitable for testing each sub-cell of a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, further, on the basis of the above embodiments, a plurality of standard sub-cells are included, the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells including at least two bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulated light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulated light; the photovoltaic cell to be tested is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells.

[0070] After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide light in the first spectral response wavelength range to the first standard sub-cell, and obtaining the output current generated by the first standard sub-cell under the irradiation of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator.

[0071] A current difference value between an output current of the first standard sub-battery and a calibration value of the first standard sub-battery is obtained, and it is determined whether the current difference value is within a current tolerance range.

[0072] If so, the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, and the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data is repeated to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the light in each remaining spectral response wavelength range in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0073] The photovoltaic cell under test is the photovoltaic cell to be measured using the solar simulator method. The standard cell can be a group of cells, and the multiple standard sub-cells can be individual cells in this group of cells. The spectral response wavelength range is the wavelength range of light corresponding to the spectral response of the photovoltaic cell or solar cell. The spectral response wavelength ranges of the multiple standard sub-cells correspond one-to-one with the spectral response wavelength ranges of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell. The spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell can correspond to one or more bands in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light. The spectral responsivity of the standard sub-cell and the corresponding sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell can be the same.

[0074] The working principle and technical effect of using the first standard sub-cell to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of light in the first spectral response wavelength range are basically the same as the working principle and technical effect of using the standard cell to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of light in the first band, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Compared with calibrating the solar simulation light provided by the solar simulator based on a standard cell, the design method of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment calibrates the light in the corresponding spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator based on the standard sub-cell corresponding to the sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell, which can further reduce the difference between the spectrum of the solar simulation light and the preset standard solar spectrum, and improve the accuracy of the measurement results of the photoelectric performance of the photovoltaic cell obtained by the indoor solar simulator method.

[0076] When measuring the output current of a photovoltaic cell using an indoor solar simulator method, differences in spectral distribution between the solar simulated light and standard sunlight, and differences in spectral responsivity between the standard cell and the cell being measured, can cause fluctuations in the measured value of the photovoltaic cell's output current. To reduce the impact of fluctuations in the measured value of the photovoltaic cell's output current, further, based on the above embodiments, after preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band within the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulated light, the method further includes: configuring the solar simulator to provide the standard cell with preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light, obtaining the output current generated by the standard cell under the irradiation of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light; and obtaining the spectral mismatch factor between the standard photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic cell being measured under the spectral irradiance of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light from the solar simulator.

[0077] Correct the calibration value of the standard battery based on the spectral mismatch factor; obtain the current difference value between the output current of the standard battery and the corrected calibration value of the standard battery, and determine whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range; if so, complete the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0078] The spectral mismatch factor can be determined based on the simulated solar spectrum provided by the solar simulator, the preset standard sunlight spectrum, the spectral responsivity of the standard cell, and the spectral responsivity of the photovoltaic cell under test. The ratio of the calibration value of the standard cell to the spectral mismatch factor can be obtained as the corrected calibration value of the standard cell.

[0079] The working principle and technical effect of using the corrected calibration value of the standard battery to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulation light are basically the same as the working principle and technical effect of directly using the calibration value of the standard battery to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulation light, and will not be repeated here.

[0080] The design method of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment corrects the calibration value of the standard battery through the spectral mismatch factor, and confirms and calibrates the spectral irradiance data of each band of light in the spectral data of the solar simulated light based on the corrected calibration value of the standard battery. This can reduce the distribution difference between the spectrum of the solar simulated light provided by the solar simulator and the preset standard solar spectrum; at the same time, it can reduce the difference between the spectral responsivity of the standard battery and the photovoltaic cell under test, and the impact on the measurement accuracy of the output current of the photovoltaic cell under test, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the current generated by the photovoltaic cell under test under the irradiation of the solar simulated light after calibration of the solar simulator.

[0081] The output current of the photovoltaic cell under test may be a short-circuit current value per unit irradiance of the photovoltaic cell under test under irradiation of simulated sunlight.

[0082] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the current difference value is the ratio of the corrected calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery; based on the current difference value, the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectral analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulation light is calibrated, including: obtaining the ratio of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light to the current difference value as the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light after calibration.

[0083] When the current difference value is the corrected calibration value of the standard battery, the working principle and technical effect of confirming the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulation light based on the current difference value are basically the same as the working principle and technical effect of confirming the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulation light based on the current difference value when the current difference value is the calibration value of the standard battery, and will not be repeated here.

[0084] Furthermore, on the basis of the above embodiments, a plurality of standard sub-cells are included, the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells including at least two bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulated light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulated light; the photovoltaic cell under test is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells.

[0085] After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: setting the solar simulator to provide light in the first spectral response wavelength range to the first standard sub-cell, obtaining the output current generated by the first standard sub-cell under the irradiation of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator; and obtaining the first spectral mismatch factor of the first standard sub-cell and the corresponding sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell under the spectral irradiance of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range of the solar simulator.

[0086] Correcting the calibration value of the first standard sub-cell based on the first spectral mismatch factor; obtaining a current difference between the output current of the first standard sub-cell and the corrected calibration value of the first standard sub-cell, and determining whether the current difference is within a current tolerance range.

[0087] If so, the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, and the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data is repeated to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the light in each remaining spectral response wavelength range in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

[0088] The first spectral mismatch factor can be determined based on the spectra of the simulated solar light and standard sunlight provided by the solar simulator, the spectral responsivity of the first standard sub-cell, and the corresponding sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell being measured. The corresponding spectral mismatch factor of the corresponding sub-cell of the corresponding multi-junction photovoltaic cell measured based on each remaining standard sub-cell is substantially the same as the first spectral mismatch factor and is not further described here.

[0089] The working principle and technical effect of using the corrected calibration value of the first standard sub-cell to confirm the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulated light are basically the same as the working principle and technical effect of using the calibration value of the first standard sub-cell directly to confirm the spectral irradiance data of the first band of light in the spectral data of the calibrated solar simulated light, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] The design system of the solar simulator provided by the present invention is described below. The design system of the solar simulator described below and the design method of the solar simulator described above can be referred to each other.

[0091] The following combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The design system of the solar simulator of the present invention is described. Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a solar simulator design system, including: a solar simulator, which is used to provide simulated sunlight; a spectral analysis device, which is used to receive the simulated sunlight and obtain spectral data of the solar simulated light; and a solar simulator control unit, which is used to execute the solar simulator design method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0092] See Figure 3 As shown, further, based on the above embodiment, the design system of the solar simulator also includes: a standard battery, which is used to transmit the output current generated by the standard battery under the irradiation of the simulated sunlight provided by the solar simulator to the solar simulator control unit.

[0093] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the design system of the solar simulator also includes: a standard sub-cell unit, which is used to transmit the output current generated by the standard sub-cell unit when irradiated with light corresponding to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cell unit within the wavelength range of simulated sunlight provided by the solar simulator to the solar simulator control unit; wherein the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell to be measured by the solar simulator.

[0094] The working principle and technical effects of the design system of the solar simulator provided in this embodiment are substantially the same as the working principle and technical effects of the design method of the aforementioned solar simulator, and are not described in detail here.

[0095] In order to specifically illustrate the functions of the solar simulator design system provided in this embodiment, a specific example is provided below.

[0096] A solar simulator design system for measuring multi-junction photovoltaic cells including top and bottom junctions includes a solar simulator control unit, a solar simulator, an optical homogenization unit, a top-junction standard sub-cell, a bottom-junction standard sub-cell, a spectrum analysis device, and a test bench. The solar simulator control unit is electrically connected to the solar simulator, the top-junction standard sub-cell, the bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and the spectrum analysis device, respectively, so that the solar simulator control unit can send control instructions to the solar simulator and receive feedback signals from the top-junction standard sub-cell, the bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and the spectrum analysis device. The top-junction standard sub-cell, the bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and the spectrum analysis device are placed on the test bench, facing the optical homogenization unit. The top-junction standard sub-cell corresponds to the top-junction sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the bottom-junction standard sub-cell corresponds to the bottom-junction sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell.

[0097] The solar simulator includes multiple monochromatic light generators, and the optical homogenization unit includes a fly-eye lens group and condensing lenses arranged on both sides of the fly-eye lens group. The condensing lens between the fly-eye lens group and the solar simulator is used to receive light emitted by the multiple monochromatic light generators and transmit the received light to the fly-eye lens group. The condensing lens between the fly-eye lens group and the top-junction standard sub-cell, bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and spectrum analysis device is used to receive light transmitted by the fly-eye lens group and transmit the received light to the top-junction standard sub-cell, bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and spectrum analysis device, respectively. The optical homogenization unit is used to enhance the uniformity of the light distribution and the spatial uniformity of the light irradiance transmitted to the top-junction standard sub-cell, bottom-junction standard sub-cell, and spectrum analysis device.

[0098] The solar simulator control unit controls a monochromatic light generator in the solar simulator to provide light. The light is transmitted to the spectrum analysis device through the optical homogenization unit. The spectrum analysis device obtains spectral data of the light provided by the monochromatic light generator. The spectral data of the light provided by the monochromatic light generator includes the light wavelength and corresponding simulated integrated irradiance data. The spectrum analysis device transmits the spectral data of the light provided by the monochromatic light generator to the solar simulator control unit. The solar simulator control unit obtains standard integrated irradiance data of light in the corresponding wavelength band from preset standard solar spectrum data to obtain the irradiance difference between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data, and determines whether the irradiance difference is within the irradiance tolerance range. If so, the preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of the light in the corresponding wavelength band of the monochromatic light generator is completed. The preliminary calibration process of the simulated integrated irradiance is repeated to perform preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of the light in the corresponding wavelength band of each remaining monochromatic light generator. If not, based on the magnitude relationship between the irradiance difference value and the first standard, the spectral irradiance of the light of the corresponding wavelength band of the monochromatic light generator is calibrated, and the process of determining whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range is repeated.

[0099] After calibrating the spectral irradiance of the monochromatic light generators for the corresponding wavelength band, the solar simulator control unit identifies the monochromatic light generators corresponding to the spectral response wavelength range of the top-junction photovoltaic cell and controls these monochromatic light generators to provide light to the top-junction standard sub-cell. The output current value of the top-junction standard sub-cell is obtained and transmitted to the solar simulator control unit. The solar simulator control unit determines the spectral mismatch factor based on the spectral data of the light provided by the monochromatic light generators, the spectral data of the corresponding wavelength in the preset standard sunlight spectrum, the spectral responsivity of the top-junction standard sub-cell, and the spectral responsivity of the top-junction sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell being measured. The ratio of the calibration value of the top-junction photovoltaic cell to the spectral mismatch factor is then obtained as the corrected calibration value of the top-junction photovoltaic cell.

[0100] The ratio of the calibration value of the corrected top-junction standard sub-cell to the output current of the top-junction standard sub-cell is obtained as a current difference value, and it is determined whether the current difference value is within the current tolerance range. If so, the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the corresponding monochromatic light generator is completed. If not, the spectral irradiance data of the corresponding monochromatic light generator is calibrated based on the current difference value; based on the calibrated spectral irradiance data of the corresponding monochromatic light generator, the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance of the corresponding monochromatic light generator is repeated, or the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance of the corresponding monochromatic light generator and the confirmation calibration process of the spectral irradiance data of the corresponding monochromatic light generator are repeated in sequence.

[0101] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0102] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for a solar simulator, characterized in that: The solar simulator is used for testing multi-junction photovoltaic cells, including: A solar simulator is provided to provide solar simulated light to the spectrum analysis device; receiving the spectrum data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device, and selecting a first wavelength band from the wavelength range of the spectrum data of the solar simulated light; Acquire simulated integrated irradiance data of light in the first wavelength band from the spectrum data of the simulated solar light, and acquire standard integrated irradiance data of light in the first wavelength band from preset standard solar spectrum data; Obtaining an irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data, and determining whether the irradiance difference value is within an irradiance tolerance range; If yes, the calibration of the spectral irradiance of the light of the first wavelength band of the solar simulation light is preliminarily completed; the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance is repeated to preliminarily calibrate the spectral irradiance of the light of each remaining wavelength band in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light; The device further comprises a plurality of standard sub-cells, wherein the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells includes at least two wavelength bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulated light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulated light; the photovoltaic cell under test is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells; After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: Setting the solar simulator to provide light in a first spectral response wavelength range to the first standard sub-cell, obtaining an output current generated by the first standard sub-cell under the irradiation of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator; obtaining a first spectral mismatch factor between the first standard sub-cell and a corresponding sub-cell of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell under the spectral irradiance of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range of the solar simulator; Correcting the calibration value of the first standard sub-cell based on the first spectral mismatch factor; obtaining a current difference between the output current of the first standard sub-cell and the corrected calibration value of the first standard sub-cell, and determining whether the current difference is within a current tolerance range; If so, the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, and the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data is repeated to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the light in each remaining spectral response wavelength range in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

2. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: After obtaining an irradiance difference value between the simulated integrated irradiance data and the standard integrated irradiance data and determining whether the irradiance difference value is within an irradiance tolerance range, the method further includes: If not, based on the relative position relationship between the irradiance difference value and the irradiance tolerance range, the spectral irradiance of the light in the first band of the solar simulation light is adjusted, and the process of determining whether the irradiance difference value is within the irradiance tolerance range is repeated.

3. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: Setting the solar simulator to provide preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light to the standard battery, and obtaining the output current generated by the standard battery under the irradiation of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light; Obtaining a current difference between an output current of the standard battery and a calibration value of the standard battery, and determining whether the current difference is within a current tolerance range; If so, the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed.

4. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: Setting the solar simulator to provide preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light to the standard cell, obtaining the output current generated by the standard cell under the irradiation of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light; obtaining the spectral mismatch factor between the standard photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic cell under test under the spectral irradiance of the preliminarily calibrated solar simulated light of the solar simulator; Correcting the calibration value of the standard battery based on the spectral mismatch factor; obtaining a current difference value between the output current of the standard battery and the corrected calibration value of the standard battery, and determining whether the current difference value is within a current tolerance range; If so, the confirmation calibration of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed.

5. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a plurality of standard sub-cells, wherein the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells includes at least two wavelength bands in the wavelength range of the solar simulated light, and the spectral response wavelength range of each standard sub-cell constitutes the wavelength range of the solar simulated light; the photovoltaic cell under test is a multi-junction photovoltaic cell, and the spectral response wavelength range of the sub-cells of the multi-junction photovoltaic cell corresponds to the spectral response wavelength range of the standard sub-cells; After preliminary calibration of the spectral irradiance of each remaining wavelength band of the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, the method further includes: Setting the solar simulator to provide light in the first spectral response wavelength range to the first standard sub-cell, and obtaining an output current generated by the first standard sub-cell under the irradiation of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range provided by the solar simulator; obtaining a current difference between an output current of the first standard sub-battery and a calibration value of the first standard sub-battery, and determining whether the current difference is within a current tolerance range; If so, the confirmation and calibration of the spectral irradiance data of the light in the first spectral response wavelength range in the spectral data of the solar simulation light is completed, and the confirmation and calibration process of the spectral irradiance data is repeated to confirm and calibrate the spectral irradiance data of the light in each remaining spectral response wavelength range in the wavelength range of the spectral data of the solar simulation light.

6. The design method of a solar simulator according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: After determining whether the current difference value is within a current tolerance range, the method further includes: If not, calibrating the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light based on the current difference value; Based on the calibrated spectrum analysis device, the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance is repeated, or the preliminary calibration process of the spectral irradiance and the confirmation calibration process of the spectral irradiance data are repeated in sequence.

7. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current difference value is a ratio of the calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery, or a ratio of the corrected calibration value of the standard battery to the output current of the standard battery; Calibrating the error between the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulated light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device and the spectral irradiance of the solar simulated light based on the current difference value includes: A ratio of the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulated light to the current difference value is obtained as the spectral irradiance data in the spectral data of the solar simulated light after calibration.

8. The design method of a solar simulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The solar simulator includes a plurality of monochromatic light generators; Before receiving the spectrum data of the solar simulation light transmitted by the spectrum analysis device and selecting a first wavelength band from the wavelength range of the spectrum data of the solar simulation light, the method further includes: Obtaining a central wavelength of a first monochromatic light generator among the plurality of monochromatic light generators; Determining whether the central wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest central wavelength or the longest central wavelength; If the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the shortest center wavelength, obtaining the shortest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator as the left endpoint of the shortest wavelength band among the multiple preset wavelength bands; obtaining the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator; obtaining the second center wavelength of a monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtaining an intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength as the right endpoint of the shortest wavelength band; or If the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is the longest center wavelength, obtaining the longest wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator as the right endpoint of the longest wavelength band among the multiple preset wavelength bands; obtaining the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator; obtaining the second center wavelength of a monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtaining an intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength as the left endpoint of the longest wavelength band; or If the center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator is not the shortest center wavelength or the longest center wavelength, obtaining the first center wavelength of the first monochromatic light generator, obtaining the second center wavelength of a short-wave monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtaining the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength as the left endpoint of the corresponding wavelength band; obtaining the third center wavelength of a long-wave monochromatic light generator having a wavelength adjacent to the first monochromatic light generator, and obtaining the intermediate wavelength between the first center wavelength and the third center wavelength as the right endpoint of the corresponding wavelength band; Repeat the process of determining whether the central wavelength of the monochromatic light generator is the shortest central wavelength or the longest central wavelength to obtain the corresponding wavelength band of each remaining monochromatic light generator.

9. A solar simulator design system, characterized in that: The solar simulator is used for testing multi-junction photovoltaic cells, including: A solar simulator, wherein the solar simulator is used to provide simulated sunlight; a spectrum analysis device, the spectrum analysis device being used to receive the simulated sunlight and obtain spectrum data of the simulated sunlight; A solar simulator control unit, wherein the solar simulator control unit is used to execute the solar simulator design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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