Integrated gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated gravel filtering device for an agricultural irrigation system, and relates to the technical field of gravel filters, the integrated gravel filtering device comprises a filtering tank body, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are communicated with the filtering tank body, a filtering plate is arranged in the filtering tank body in the height direction of the filtering tank, and filtering holes are densely formed in the filtering plate; a sealing plate is arranged in the filtering tank body, filtering sand is filled between the filtering plate and the sealing plate, a plurality of groups of filtering caps are arranged on the sealing plate, a partition plate is arranged in the filtering tank body, the partition plate is arranged in the height direction of the filtering tank body, and the filtering tank body is divided into a first filtering cavity and a second filtering cavity by the partition plate; the first filtering cavity and the second filtering cavity are both communicated with the water outlet pipe, and a switching assembly used for enabling one of the first filtering cavity and the second filtering cavity to filter a water source is further arranged in the filtering tank body. The irrigation device has the effects that the irrigation efficiency is improved while the filter screen is washed, and the irrigation period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation filtration, and in particular to an integrated sand and gravel filtration device for an agricultural irrigation system. Background Art

[0002] Micro-irrigation technology not only has a significant water-saving effect, but also can improve the quality of crops. It is currently widely used in large irrigation areas and high-standard farmland. However, agricultural well water or Yellow River water has a high sand content, which can easily cause pipe networks and irrigation devices to be blocked, greatly shortening the life of the micro-irrigation system. At present, the main filtering equipment for micro-irrigation field projects includes centrifugal filters, sand and gravel filters, mesh filters, and laminated filters. Although all four filters can play a certain role in filtering and intercepting impurities.

[0003] Sand filter is one of the most widely used filtering equipment in micro-irrigation projects. It has the characteristics of strong pollution interception ability and easy cleaning of filter media. Sand filter for micro-irrigation uses a certain depth of filter media particles stacked layer by layer to form a porous medium sand bed, which is used as a filter carrier for three-dimensional deep filtration.

[0004] The working process of the sand filter is mainly divided into two stages: filtration and backwashing. Filtration is mainly to intercept impurities on the surface of the filter layer through the filter layer. The backwashing process is generally to use reverse water flow from bottom to top to sulfide the accumulated filter layer, and the collision and friction between particles will cause the impurities adhering to the surface of the particles to fall off and be washed out of the tank with the water flow. Each time backwashing, a strong backwashing water flow is required to reverse the fluidization of the entire filter layer before the impurities can be discharged.

[0005] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, the technicians need to test the amount of sand and gravel in the water in the irrigation water pipe. If the water pressure in the irrigation water pipe becomes smaller and the water flow becomes lower, it means that the filter is blocked by sand and gravel, and the filter needs to be backwashed. During backwashing, the water flow direction in the water pipe needs to be changed to reverse the water flow direction in the sand and gravel filter to expand the sand and gravel blocked in the filter. At this time, due to the reverse flow of water in the sand and gravel filter, irrigation cannot be carried out normally, which delays the irrigation period and affects the irrigation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to improve irrigation efficiency while flushing the filter screen and shorten the irrigation period, the present application provides an integrated sand and gravel filter device for an agricultural irrigation system. The present application provides an integrated sand and gravel filter device for an agricultural irrigation system using the following technical solutions: An integrated sand and gravel filtering device for an agricultural irrigation system comprises a filter tank body and an inlet pipe, a sewage pipe and an outlet pipe which are all connected to the filter tank body, a plurality of filter plates are arranged in the filter tank body along the height direction of the filter tank, filter holes are densely distributed on the filter plates, the filter holes of the filter plates gradually decrease in diameter from the direction close to the sewage pipe to the direction close to the outlet pipe, filter sand is filled between adjacent filter plates, a sealing plate is arranged in the filter tank body, a plurality of groups of filter caps are arranged on the sealing plate, a partition is arranged in the filter tank body, the partition is arranged along the height direction of the filter tank body, and the filter tank body is divided into a first filter chamber and a second filter chamber by the partition, the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber are both connected to the outlet pipe, and a switching component for selecting the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber to filter a water source is also arranged in the filter tank body; The switching assembly includes a diverter plate arranged in the filter tank body, and a plurality of diverter holes are provided on the diverter plate. The plurality of diverter holes are divided into two groups along the circumference direction of the diverter plate, and the two groups of diverter holes correspond to the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber respectively. One group of the diverter holes is connected to the first filter chamber, and the other group of the diverter holes is connected to the second filter chamber. A switching plate is rotatably arranged on the diverter plate, and a switching port movably connected to the diverter holes is provided on the switching plate. Two groups of the switching ports are provided, and the two groups of the switching ports correspond to the two groups of the diverter holes one by one, and when the diverter holes corresponding to the first filter chamber are connected to the switching ports, the diverter holes corresponding to the second filter chamber are staggered with the switching ports. A switching member for rotating and adjusting the switching plate is also provided on the filter tank body.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when filtering irrigation water, the water source first enters the filter tank body through the water inlet pipe. At this time, the first filter chamber is used to filter the water flow through the set diverter plate, and the water flow is filtered layer by layer through the set multi-layer filter plate, thereby reducing impurities such as sand and gravel in the water flow entering the outlet pipe. Then, under the blocking effect of the sealing plate, the water flow can only enter the outlet pipe through the filter cap, thereby further reducing impurities in the water flow in the outlet pipe.

[0008] At the same time, the diverter plate is set, and the diverter hole opened on the diverter plate makes it difficult for the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber to filter at the same time. When the first filter chamber is used to filter the water flow, the switch member rotates the switch port on the switch plate to the position of blocking the second filter chamber, and then the filter plate and filter sand in the first filter chamber filter the water flow. When the gap between the filter plate and the filter sand in the first filter chamber is blocked by debris, the water flow speed in the outlet pipe becomes smaller. At this time, the switch member rotates the switch plate to the position of blocking the first filter chamber. At this time, the second filter chamber plays a filtering role. After the water flow is filtered, a part of it passes through the filter cylinder at the bottom of the first filter chamber to backwash the filter plate and filter sand in the first filter chamber, and the other part generated by the backwashing flows directly through the outlet pipe for irrigation, thereby realizing the simultaneous backwashing and filtering. After the backwashing is completed, the sewage pipe corresponding to the first filter chamber is blocked, and the filtered water flow all enters the outlet pipe for irrigation, thereby realizing efficient irrigation, reducing the problem of insufficient irrigation water pressure caused by the diversion of part of the water flow, thereby improving the irrigation efficiency.

[0009] Optionally, the switching member includes a rotating rod rotatably arranged on the partition, the bottom end of the rotating rod extends into the water outlet, and a flow-uniforming blade is also rotatably arranged in the water outlet pipe. The flow-uniforming blade is movably fitted with the water flow, and the rotation speed of the flow-uniforming blade is related to the rotation angle of the rotating rod, and an adjustment member for adjusting the rotation of the rotating rod according to the rotation speed of the flow-uniforming blade is also provided in the filter tank body.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to switch the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber, through the setting of the adjusting member, when the first filter chamber is used for water filtering, as the pores between the filter sand in the filter chamber are blocked, the water flow in the drain pipe becomes smaller, and the rotation speed of the flow-uniform blade slows down. Since the rotation angle of the rotating rod is related to the rotation speed of the flow-uniform blade, when the rotation speed of the flow-uniform blade is reduced to a certain speed, the adjusting member drives the rotating rod to rotate, so that the switching plate rotates a certain angle, so that the switching plate rotates to the position of opening the second filter chamber and blocking the first filter chamber. At this time, the water flows through the sand and gravel in the second filter chamber for filtering, and at the same time, the switching plate blocks the first filter chamber. Since the bottom side of the sealing plate is a cavity connected to the outlet pipe, after the water flows through the second filter chamber for filtration, a part of the water flows through the filter cap in the first filter chamber to backwash the filter sand in the first filter chamber, and the other part of the water flows out through the outlet pipe for irrigation.

[0011] When the second filter chamber is clogged, the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade slows down again, so that the adjustment member switches the rotating rod at a certain angle again, realizing the switching of the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber, and realizing the simultaneous backwashing and filtration, thereby reducing the problem of construction delay caused by backwashing alone.

[0012] Optionally, the adjusting member comprises a first adjusting gear and a second adjusting tooth ring which are coaxially arranged on the rotating rod, and the second adjusting tooth ring is provided with an adjusting tooth groove; When the second adjusting tooth ring rotates in the positive direction, the first adjusting gear meshes with the adjusting tooth groove; When the second adjusting tooth ring rotates in the reverse direction, the first adjusting gear slides relatively with the adjusting tooth groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first adjusting gear and the second adjusting gear ring are movably engaged. When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the forward direction, the first adjusting gear is driven to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod to rotate a certain angle. When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the reverse direction, the first adjusting gear does not rotate, thereby preventing the rotating rod from rotating, thereby achieving stable adjustment of the switching plate angle.

[0014] Optionally, an adjustment block is slidably provided on the rotating shaft of the flow-uniform blade, an adjustment cylinder is coaxially provided on the rotating shaft of the flow-uniform blade, a pressing block is elastically slidably provided on the adjustment cylinder, an adjustment rack is also slidably provided on the adjustment cylinder, the adjustment rack is connected to the pressing block, the adjustment rack is meshed with the adjustment gear ring, and the pressing block is movably fitted and pressed against the adjustment block; When the adjusting block moves in a direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade, the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the opposite direction; When the adjusting block moves toward the direction close to the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade, the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the positive direction.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the uniform flow blade rotates due to the impact of the water flow, the faster the water flow speed is, the greater the centrifugal force exerted on the adjusting block, so that the protruding length of the adjusting block is longer. Since the abutting block and the adjusting block are movably fitted and abutted against each other, at this time, the longer the protruding length of the adjusting block is, the longer the sliding distance of the abutting block is, and when the adjusting block moves in the direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade under the action of the centrifugal force, the abutting block also slides in the direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade, driving the adjusting rack to slide, and at this time the second adjusting gear ring is reversed, and the first adjusting gear does not rotate, and the switching plate does not rotate; When the water flow speed gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade slows down, the centrifugal force on the adjusting block gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjusting block shortens, so that the abutment block slides toward the direction of the rotating shaft close to the uniform flow blade under the action of the elastic restoring force, and the tight block drives the adjusting rack to slide. At this time, the adjusting rack drives the second adjusting gear ring to rotate forward, drives the first adjusting gear to rotate, and then drives the rotating rod to rotate, so as to realize the rotation adjustment of the switching plate. When the switching plate rotates to another unblocked filter chamber for filtering, the water flow speed increases, so that the length of the abutment block and the adjusting block extending again becomes longer. At this time, the switching plate does not rotate until the current filter chamber is blocked.

[0016] Optionally, a first sewage pipe and a second sewage pipe are further provided on the filter tank body, the first sewage pipe is connected to the first filter chamber, the second sewage pipe is connected to the second filter chamber, and the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe are both provided with opening and closing parts, and the opening and closing parts can movably seal and open the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when switching to filtering using the first filter chamber, the opening and closing member on the second sewage pipe opens the second sewage pipe, and the water after filtering in the first filter chamber passes through the second filter chamber for backwashing. At this time, the water after backwashing passes through the second sewage pipe, and the impurities after flushing are taken out together, thereby realizing backwashing of the second filter chamber. When the backwashing of the second filter chamber is completed, the second sewage pipe is closed by the opening and closing member, and the water after filtering in the first filter chamber is completely discharged through the outlet pipe, thereby improving the irrigation efficiency; Similarly, when switching to using the second filter chamber for filtering, the opening and closing member on the first sewage pipe opens the first sewage pipe. At this time, the water filtered by the second filter chamber passes through the first filter chamber for backwashing until the first filter chamber is backwashed. Then the opening and closing member on the first sewage pipe closes the first sewage pipe. At this time, the water filtered by the second filter chamber is completely discharged through the outlet pipe.

[0018] Optionally, the opening and closing component includes an opening and closing cylinder provided on the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe, the opening and closing cylinder is connected to the first sewage pipe / the second sewage pipe, an opening and closing plate is rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder, the opening and closing plate is movably fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder, and a locking component for limiting the position of the opening and closing plate is also provided in the opening and closing cylinder.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe needs to be closed, when the opening and closing plate is rotated to be vertically fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder, the opening and closing plate blocks the opening and closing cylinder. At this time, it is not easy for water to flow through the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe, thereby blocking the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe, thereby achieving efficient irrigation. When the opening and closing plate is rotated to be consistent with the extension direction of the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe, the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe is opened, and the sewage after backwashing is discharged through the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe, thereby discharging the debris that blocks the filter sand and gravel through the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe.

[0020] Optionally, the locking member includes a locking plate rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder, the locking plate movably fits with the water flow in the opening and closing cylinder, a locking block is slidably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder, a locking groove is provided on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate, the locking block is movably inserted into the locking groove, and the locking block is movably fit and tightly pressed against the side wall of the locking groove, and an abutment block is also provided on the locking block, a side of the locking plate away from the filter tank body is movably fit with the abutment block, and the side where the abutment block is fit and tightly pressed against the locking plate is inclined.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first filter chamber is backwashed, the speed of the water flow through the first sewage pipe gradually increases as the filter sand and gravel blockages are cleaned. When the water flow speed is initially slow, the water flow impacts the locking plate. When the water flow speed gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate gradually increases, so that the rotation angle of the locking plate gradually increases. When the locking plate is impacted by the water flow, it presses against the abutment block. At this time, the locking plate presses against the inclined side of the abutment block. When the abutment block slides, the locking block is separated from the locking groove, so that the rotation angle of the locking plate is unlocked; When the opening and closing plate rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder, the water flow is not easy to impact the locking plate, and the locking plate is not easy to press against the abutment block.

[0022] Optionally, an operating handle is provided at the rotating shaft of the locking plate, the operating handle penetrates and protrudes from the opening and closing cylinder, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotating shaft of the locking plate, the torsion spring drives the locking plate to block the opening and closing cylinder, and two groups of locking grooves are provided; When the opening and closing plate rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder, the locking block is plugged into one of the locking grooves; When the opening and closing plate is rotated to open the opening and closing cylinder, the locking block is plugged into another locking groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when backwashing is performed, when the water flow impacts the locking plate, the water flow speed is slow at the beginning, and at this time the locking block is always located in one of the locking grooves, so that the opening and closing plate always maintains the opening and closing cylinder in an open state; When the water flow speed gradually increases, the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring of the locking plate is smaller than the impact force of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate rotates in the direction away from the filter tank body until the locking plate slides against the abutment block. At this time, the abutment block moves in the direction away from the locking groove under the action of the elastic compression force to unlock the opening and closing plate. At this time, the opening and closing plate rotates to a position to block the opening and closing plate under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring.

[0024] After the opening and closing plate rotates to the position to block the opening and closing cylinder, the water flow velocity in the opening and closing cylinder decreases, thereby reducing the impact force on the locking plate. At this time, the locking plate rotates to a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing cylinder under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring. At this time, the locking block is further inserted into another locking groove under the action of the elastic restoring force, so that the locking block limits the rotation angle of the opening and closing plate and achieves stable sealing of the opening and closing cylinder.

[0025] Optionally, a first indicator light is provided on the first sewage pipe, and a second indicator light is provided on the second sewage pipe, the first indicator light corresponds to the first filter chamber, the second indicator light corresponds to the second filter chamber, and a movable block is provided on the outer wall of the switching plate at the switching port, and pressure sensors are provided at the first indicator light / the second indicator light, and a sliding block is elastically provided on the first sewage pipe, one end of the sliding block is movably fitted and pressed against the pressure sensor, and the other end of the sliding block is movably fitted and pressed against the movable block, and the two pressure sensors correspond one-to-one with the first indicator light and the second indicator light respectively and are electrically connected.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, since the switching between the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber is determined by the change of water flow velocity, it is difficult for relevant technical personnel to judge the timing of rotating the opening and closing plates in the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe, and thus it is not convenient to control when to backwash and when to perform full filtration. Through the above arrangement, when the switching plate is switched as the water flow velocity changes, the movable block provided on the switching plate is movably fitted and tightly pressed against the sliding block on the first sewage pipe / the second sewage pipe, so that the sliding block slides in a direction away from the filter tank body, causing the reading of the pressure sensor to change, and the pressure sensor transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the first indicator light / the second indicator light, thereby reminding relevant technical personnel to make a decision on whether backwashing is needed, that is, to determine whether the current irrigation efficiency is sufficient to allocate a part of the flow to backwash the blocked filter chamber according to the current irrigation situation, thereby facilitating the reasonable control of the irrigation period.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The filter tank body is divided into the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber by the partition plate for distributed filtration. The switching plate is rotated and adjusted according to the water flow rate in the outlet pipe to achieve filtration of the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber. At the same time, when the switching plate is rotated and adjusted according to the water flow rate, when the switching port is rotated to the position corresponding to the first filter chamber / the second filter chamber, the other filter chamber is backwashed by the filtered water flow; 2. By setting the first adjusting gear, the second adjusting gear ring, the adjusting block, the adjusting rack and the abutting block, when the uniform flow blade changes its rotation speed with the water flow speed, the switching plate switches the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber with the rotation; 3. Through the opening and closing plate, the opening and closing cylinder and the locking plate, when the first sewage pipe / the second sewage pipe needs to be backwashed, the first sewage pipe / the second sewage pipe is opened or closed by rotating the opening and closing plate, thereby realizing the switching between backwashing and filtration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filtration system in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the sand and gravel filtering device; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal connection structure of the sand and gravel filtering device; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of part A; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of part B; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of part C; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the adjusting part.

[0029] Figure numerals: 1, filter tank body; 11, water inlet pipe; 12, 13, water outlet pipe; 14, filter plate; 15, filter hole; 16, filter sand; 17, sealing plate; 18, filter cap; 2, partition; 21, first filter chamber; 22, second filter chamber; 3, switching assembly; 31, diverter plate; 311, diverter hole; 32, switching plate; 321, switching port; 33, switching member; 331, rotating rod; 332, uniform flow blade; 34, adjusting member; 341, first adjusting gear; 342, second adjusting gear ring; 343, adjusting block ; 344, adjusting cylinder; 345, tightening block; 346, adjusting spring; 347, tightening spring; 348, adjusting rack; 35, first sewage pipe; 36, second sewage pipe; 4, opening and closing member; 41, opening and closing cylinder; 42, opening and closing plate; 43, locking member; 431, locking plate; 432, locking groove; 433, locking block; 434, abutting block; 435, locking torsion spring; 436, opening and closing torsion spring; 5, first indicator light; 51, second indicator light; 52, movable block; 53, pressure sensor; 54, sliding block; 55, movable spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] The present application embodiment discloses an integrated sand and gravel filtering device for an agricultural irrigation system. Figure 1-Figure 7 An integrated sand and gravel filtering device for an agricultural irrigation system includes a vertically arranged filter tank body 1, the top of the filter tank body 1 is connected to a water inlet pipe 11 and the bottom is connected to a water outlet pipe 13, the filter tank body 1 is also connected to a sand adding pipe 12, a filter plate 14 and a sealing plate 17 are arranged in the filter tank body 1, and filter holes 15 are densely distributed on the filter plate 14. The filter plate 14 and the sealing plate 17 are arranged relatively parallel, and filter sand 16 is stored between the filter plate 14 and the sealing plate 17. A plurality of filter caps 18 are fixedly connected to the sealing plate 17, and the filter caps 18 filter the water flow filtered by the filter sand 16 again, and a cavity connected to the water outlet pipe 13 is left between the bottom side of the sealing plate 17 and the filter tank body 1.

[0032] A partition 2 is fixedly connected inside the filter tank body 1, and the partition 2 is arranged along the height direction of the filter tank body 1. The partition 2 divides the filter tank body 1 into a first filter chamber 21 and a second filter chamber 22. A first sewage pipe 35 and a second sewage pipe 36 are connected on the outer peripheral wall of the filter tank body 1. The first sewage pipe 35 is connected and corresponds to the first filter chamber 21, and the second sewage pipe 36 is connected and corresponds to the second filter chamber 22. At the same time, a switching component 3 is also provided in the filter tank body 1 for selecting a pair of water flows between the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22 for filtering.

[0033] The switching assembly 3 includes a diverter plate 31 fixed in the filter tank body 1, the diverter plate 31 is located on the top side of the filter plate 14, and a plurality of diverter holes 311 are provided on the diverter plate 31, and the plurality of diverter holes 311 are arranged at intervals along the circumference direction of the diverter plate 31, a switching plate 32 is rotatably connected to the partition 2, the rotation axis of the switching plate 32 is consistent with the height direction of the partition 2, a switching port 321 is provided on the switching plate 32, and the switching port 321 is movably corresponding to the diverter holes 311, and the plurality of diverter holes 311 are divided into two groups along the circumference direction of the diverter plate 31, and the two groups of diverter holes 311 correspond one by one to the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22 respectively, when one group of diverter holes 311 is connected to the first filter chamber 21, the other group of diverter holes 311 is staggered with the second filter chamber 22, and a switching member 33 for rotating and adjusting the switching plate 32 is also provided on the filter tank body 1.

[0034] The switching member 33 includes a rotating rod 331 rotatably arranged on the partition 2, the rotating rod 331 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the switching plate 32, the rotating axis of the rotating rod 331 is consistent with the height direction of the partition 2, the bottom end of the rotating rod 331 is extended into the water outlet pipe 13, a uniform flow blade 332 is rotatably arranged in the water outlet pipe 13, the uniform flow blade 332 is in active contact with the water flow, the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade 332 is related to the rotation angle of the rotating rod 331, and an adjusting member 34 for adjusting the rotation of the rotating rod 331 according to the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade 332 is also provided in the filter tank body 1.

[0035] The adjusting member 34 includes a first adjusting gear 341 coaxially arranged on the rotating rod 331 and a second adjusting tooth ring 342 coaxially arranged on the rotating rod 331. The second adjusting tooth ring 342 is coaxially sleeved on the first adjusting gear 341, and an adjusting tooth groove is opened on the second adjusting tooth ring 342. When the second adjusting tooth ring 342 rotates forward, the first adjusting gear 341 is meshed with the adjusting tooth groove. When the second adjusting tooth ring 342 rotates reversely, the first adjusting gear 341 and the adjusting tooth groove slide relative to each other.

[0036] A limit plate is fixedly connected inside the water outlet pipe 13, and the uniform flow blade 332 is rotatably set on the limit plate, and the rotation axis of the uniform flow blade 332 is consistent with the height direction of the filter tank body 1, and an adjustment block 343 is slidably set on the uniform flow blade 332, and an adjustment spring 346 is fixedly connected to the adjustment block 343, and the other end of the adjustment spring 346 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade 332, and an adjustment cylinder 344 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade 332, and a tightening block 345 is elastically slidably set on the adjustment cylinder 344, and the sliding direction of the tightening block 345 is consistent with the adjustment direction. The radial direction of the cylinder 344 is consistent, a clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and a damping is provided on the clamping block 345, one end of the clamping block 345 close to the adjusting cylinder 344 is movably fitted with the adjusting block 343, a clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and the clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the adjusting cylinder 344, and the side of the clamping block 345 fitted with the adjusting block 343 is inclined, an adjusting rack 348 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and the adjusting rack 348 is meshed with the second adjusting tooth ring 342.

[0037] It should be noted that the pressing spring 347 on the pressing block 345 always drives the pressing block 345 to move toward the rotation axis direction close to the uniform flow blade 332. Since each rotation of the switching plate 32 is an angle of a switching port 321, when the switching ports are set to 6, it is equivalent to that each rotation angle of the switching plate 32 is 30 degrees, that is, each rotation angle of the first adjusting gear 341 is also 30 degrees, that is, when the switching ports are set to 2n (two groups), the rotation angle of the switching plate each time is 360 / 4n, that is, it is only necessary to use the elastic restoring force of the pressing spring 347 to make the first adjusting gear 341 rotate the same angle each time.

[0038] Since the clamping block 345 is also provided with a damper, when the protruding length of the adjusting block 343 becomes longer due to the centrifugal force, it can be seen from the details in the figure that the side of the adjusting block 343 away from the uniform flow blade 332 is in an arc shape. Since the clamping block 345 is provided with a damper, the clamping block 345 slowly extends out under the slow clamping of the inclined side of the adjusting block 343. Since the adjusting block 343 is not always in contact with the clamping block 345, the collision and wear between the clamping block 345 and the adjusting block 343 are reduced by the provided damping. When the water flow velocity is the maximum, the centrifugal force of the adjusting block 343 is consistent with the elastic restoring force of the clamping spring 347 received by the clamping block 345. When the water flow velocity slowly decreases, the elastic restoring force of the clamping spring 347 is greater than the centrifugal force of the adjusting block 343, thereby driving the adjusting rack 348 to drive the second adjusting tooth ring 342 to rotate.

[0039] When the uniform flow blade 332 rotates due to the impact of the water flow, the faster the water flow speed, the greater the centrifugal force exerted on the adjustment block 343, so that the protruding length of the adjustment block 343 is longer. Since the pressing block 345 is movably fitted and pressed against the adjustment block 343, at this time, the longer the extension length of the adjustment block 343 is, the longer the sliding distance of the pressing block 345 is. When the adjustment block 343 moves in the direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade 332 under the action of the centrifugal force, the pressing block 345 also slides in the direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade 332, driving the adjustment rack 348 to slide. At this time, the second adjustment gear ring 342 is reversed, and the first adjustment gear 341 does not rotate. At this time, the switching plate 32 does not rotate. When the water flow speed gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade 332 slows down, the centrifugal force on the adjustment block 343 gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjustment block 343 shortens, so that the pressing block 345 slides toward the direction of the rotating shaft close to the uniform flow blade 332 under the action of the elastic restoring force, and the pressing block 345 drives the adjusting rack 348 to slide. At this time, the adjusting rack 348 drives the second adjusting gear ring 342 to rotate forward, drives the first adjusting gear 341 to rotate, and then drives the rotating rod 331 to rotate, so as to realize the rotation adjustment of the switching plate 32. When the switching plate 32 rotates to another unblocked filter chamber for filtering, the water flow speed increases, so that the length of the pressing block 345 and the adjusting block 343 extending again becomes longer. At this time, the switching plate 32 does not rotate until the current filter chamber is blocked and switched again.

[0040] At the same time, when switching, for the next filtration efficiency, the first sewage pipe 35 and the second sewage pipe 36 are both provided with an opening and closing member 4, and the opening and closing member 4 is used to block and close the first sewage pipe 35 and the second sewage pipe 36. Figure 3 The opening and closing member 4 includes an opening and closing cylinder 41 connected to the first sewage pipe 35 / the second sewage pipe 36, an opening and closing plate 42 is rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder 41, the opening and closing plate 42 is movably fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41, and a locking member 43 for limiting the position of the opening and closing plate 42 is also provided in the opening and closing cylinder 41.

[0041] When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to a vertical position, the opening and closing plate 42 fits against the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing tube 41 , and the opening and closing plate 42 blocks the opening and closing tube 41 . When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to a horizontal position, the opening and closing plate 42 opens the opening and closing tube 41 .

[0042] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The locking member 43 includes a locking plate 431 rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder 41, the locking plate 431 is movably fitted with the water flow in the opening and closing cylinder 41, and a locking block 433 is slidably arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41, the sliding direction of the locking block 433 is consistent with the length direction of the opening and closing cylinder 41, a locking groove 432 is opened on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42, one end of the locking block 433 is movably inserted into the locking groove 432, and the other end of the locking block 433 is fixedly connected with abutment block 434, the end of the locking plate 431 away from the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41 is movably fitted and tightly pressed against the abutment block 434, and the side of the abutment block 434 that is fitted and tightly pressed against the locking plate 431 is inclined, a locking torsion spring 435 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the locking plate 431, and an opening and closing torsion spring 436 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42.

[0043] When the first filter chamber 21 is backwashed, the speed of the water flowing through the first sewage pipe 35 gradually increases as the filter sand 16 stone blockage is cleared. When the water flow speed is initially slow, the water flow impacts the locking plate 431. When the water flow speed gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate 431 gradually increases, so that the rotation angle of the locking plate 431 gradually increases. When the locking plate 431 is impacted by the water flow, it presses against the abutment block 434. At this time, the locking plate 431 presses against the inclined side of the abutment block 434. When the abutment block 434 slides, the locking block 433 is separated from the locking groove 432, thereby unlocking the rotation angle of the locking plate 431; when the opening and closing plate 42 is rotated to block the opening and closing cylinder 41, the water flow is not easy to impact the locking plate 431, and the locking plate 431 is not easy to press against the abutment block 434.

[0044] At the same time, two groups of locking grooves 432 are provided on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder 41, the locking block 433 is plugged into one of the locking grooves 432. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to open the opening and closing cylinder 41, the locking block 433 is plugged into the other locking groove 432.

[0045] When the water flow speed gradually increases, the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring of the locking plate 431 is less than the impact force of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate 431 rotates in the direction away from the filter tank body 1 until the locking plate 431 slides against the abutment block 434. At this time, the abutment block 434 moves in the direction away from the locking groove 432 under the action of the elastic compression force to unlock the opening and closing plate 42. At this time, the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to a position to block the opening and closing plate 42 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring.

[0046] After the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the position for blocking the opening and closing cylinder 41, the water flow velocity in the opening and closing cylinder 41 decreases, thereby reducing the impact force on the locking plate 431. At this time, the locking plate 431 rotates to a position perpendicular to the axial direction of the opening and closing cylinder 41 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring. At this time, the locking block 433 is further inserted into another locking groove 432 under the action of the elastic restoring force, so that the locking block 433 limits the rotation angle of the opening and closing plate 42, thereby achieving stable blocking of the opening and closing cylinder 41.

[0047] A handle is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42, and the handle is located on the outer peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41. Relevant technicians use the handle to rotate and adjust the opening and closing plate 42, and the locking block 433 and the locking groove 432 are movably fitted on one side and are inclined.

[0048] Since the switching between the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22 is determined by the change in water flow velocity, it is difficult for relevant technical personnel to determine the timing of rotating the opening and closing plates 42 in the first sewage pipe 35 and the second sewage pipe 36, making it inconvenient to control when to perform backwashing and when to perform full filtration.

[0049] A first indicator light 5 is provided on the first sewage pipe 35, and a second indicator light 51 is provided on the second sewage pipe 36. The first indicator light 5 corresponds to the first filter chamber 21, and the second indicator light 51 corresponds to the second filter chamber 22. A movable block 52 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching plate 32 at the switching port 321. A pressure sensor 53 is provided at the first indicator light 5 / the second indicator light 51. A sliding block 54 is elastically provided on the first sewage pipe 35. A movable spring 55 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 54. The other end of the movable spring 55 is fixedly connected to the opening and closing cylinder 41. One end of the sliding block 54 is movably fitted and pressed against the pressure sensor 53, and the other end of the sliding block 54 is movably fitted and pressed against the movable block 52. The two pressure sensors 53 correspond to the first indicator light 5 and the second indicator light 51 one by one and are electrically connected respectively.

[0050] When the switch plate 32 switches with the change of water flow rate, the movable block 52 set on the switch plate 32 is movably fitted and pressed against the sliding block 54 on the first sewage pipe 35 / the second sewage pipe 36, so that the sliding block 54 slides in the direction away from the filter tank body 1, so that the reading of the pressure sensor 53 changes, and the pressure sensor 53 transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the first indicator light 5 / the second indicator light 51, thereby reminding the relevant technical personnel to make a decision whether backwashing is needed, that is, to decide whether the current irrigation efficiency is sufficient to allocate a part of the flow to backwash the clogged filter chamber according to the current irrigation situation, so as to facilitate the reasonable control of the irrigation period.

[0051] The implementation principle of an integrated sand and gravel filter device for an agricultural irrigation system in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when filtering irrigation water, the water flows through the water inlet pipe 11 into the filter tank body 1, at which time the first filter chamber 21 filters the irrigation water, and the switching plate 32 blocks the second filter chamber 22, at which time the water flows through the first filter chamber 21 and the filter cap 18 into the water outlet pipe 13, and at this time the water flow in the water outlet pipe 13 impacts the uniform flow blade 332 to rotate.

[0052] When the filter sand 16 in the first filter chamber 21 is blocked and the water flow speed gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the uniform flow blade 332 slows down, the centrifugal force on the adjustment block 343 gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjustment block 343 shortens, so that the abutment block 434 slides toward the direction of the rotating shaft close to the uniform flow blade 332 under the action of the elastic restoring force, and the abutment block 345 drives the adjustment rack 348 to slide. At this time, the adjustment rack 348 drives the second adjustment gear ring 342 to rotate forward, driving the first adjustment gear 341 to rotate. Thereby, the rotating rod 331 is driven to rotate, and the rotation adjustment of the switching plate 32 is realized. The switching plate 32 rotates a certain angle to open the second filter chamber 22 and block the first filter chamber 21. At this time, when the switching plate 32 rotates, the movable block 52 presses against the sliding block 54, so that the pressure sensor 53 on the first sewage pipe 35 generates an electrical signal, and the first indicator light 5 on the first sewage pipe 35 lights up. At this time, the relevant technician turns the handle to rotate the opening and closing plate 42 on the first sewage pipe 35 to open the first sewage pipe 35. When the water filtered by the second filter chamber 22 passes through the first filter chamber 21 to backwash the filter sand 16 in the first filter chamber 21, the impurities are discharged through the first sewage pipe 35. When the first filter chamber 21 is backwashed, the speed of the water flow through the first sewage pipe 35 gradually increases as the blockage of the filter sand 16 is cleared. When the water flow speed is initially slow, the water flow impacts the locking plate 431. When the water flow speed gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate 431 gradually increases, so that the locking plate 431 rotates The moving angle gradually increases, and the locking plate 431 is pressed against the abutment block 434 by the impact of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate 431 presses against the inclined side of the abutment block 434, and when the abutment block 434 slides, the locking block 433 is separated from the locking groove 432, thereby unlocking the rotation angle of the locking plate 431, and the opening and closing plate 42 is rotated to vertical under the action of the opening and closing torsion spring 436, thereby realizing the blocking of the first sewage pipe 35. At this time, the backwashing is completed, and the entire filter tank body 1 is only taken care of, thereby improving the subsequent irrigation efficiency.

[0053] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated sand and gravel filtering device for an agricultural irrigation system, comprising a filter tank body (1) and a water inlet pipe (11) and a water outlet pipe (13) both connected to the filter tank body (1), a filter plate (14) being provided in the filter tank body (1) along the height direction of the filter tank, the filter plate (14) being densely provided with filter holes (15), a sealing plate (17) being provided in the filter tank body (1), filter sand (16) being filled between the filter plate (14) and the sealing plate (17), a plurality of filter caps (18) being provided on the sealing plate (17), characterized in that: A partition (2) is provided in the filter tank body (1), the partition (2) is arranged along the height direction of the filter tank body (1), and the partition (2) divides the filter tank body (1) into a first filter chamber (21) and a second filter chamber (22), the first filter chamber (21) and the second filter chamber (22) are both connected to the water outlet pipe (13), and a switching component (3) is also provided in the filter tank body (1) for enabling the first filter chamber (21) and the second filter chamber (22) to select a pair of water sources for filtering; The switching assembly (3) comprises a diverter plate (31) disposed in the filter tank body (1), the diverter plate (31) being provided with a plurality of diverter holes (311), the plurality of diverter holes (311) being divided into two groups along the circumference direction of the diverter plate (31), the two groups of diverter holes (311) corresponding to the first filter chamber (21) and the second filter chamber (22) respectively, one group of the diverter holes (311) being connected to the first filter chamber (21), and the other group of the diverter holes (311) being connected to the second filter chamber (22), and the diverter plate (31) being rotatably provided with a switching plate (32), a switching port (321) movably connected to the diverter hole (311) is provided on the switching plate (32), and the switching port (321) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the switching ports (321) correspond to the two groups of the diverter holes (311) one by one, and when the diverter hole (311) corresponding to the first filter cavity (21) is connected to the switching port (321), the diverter hole (311) corresponding to the second filter cavity (22) is staggered with the switching port (321), and the filter tank body (1) is also provided with a switching member (33) for rotating and adjusting the switching plate (32).

2. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching member (33) comprises a rotating rod (331) rotatably arranged on the partition (2), the bottom end of the rotating rod (331) extending into the water outlet pipe (13), a flow-uniforming blade (332) rotatably arranged in the water outlet pipe (13), the flow-uniforming blade (332) flexibly fitting with the water flow, and the rotation speed of the flow-uniforming blade (332) is associated with the rotation angle of the rotating rod (331), and an adjusting member (34) for adjusting the rotation of the rotating rod (331) according to the rotation speed of the flow-uniforming blade (332) is also provided in the filter tank body (1).

3. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting member (34) comprises a first adjusting gear (341) and a second adjusting toothed ring (342) which are coaxially arranged on the rotating rod (331); the second adjusting toothed ring (342) is provided with an adjusting tooth groove; When the second adjusting tooth ring (342) rotates in the forward direction, the first adjusting gear (341) meshes with the adjusting tooth groove; When the second adjusting tooth ring (342) rotates in the opposite direction, the first adjusting gear (341) slides relative to the adjusting tooth groove.

4. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjusting block (343) is slidably arranged on the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade (332); an adjusting cylinder (344) is coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade (332); a pressing block (345) is elastically slidably arranged on the adjusting cylinder (344); a damping device is provided on the pressing block (345); an adjusting rack (348) is slidably arranged on the adjusting cylinder (344); the adjusting rack (348) is connected to the pressing block (345); the adjusting rack (348) is meshed with the adjusting gear ring; the pressing block (345) and the adjusting block (343) are movably fitted and pressed against each other; When the adjusting block (343) moves in a direction away from the rotating shaft of the uniform flow blade (332), the second adjusting gear ring (342) rotates in the opposite direction; When the adjustment block (343) moves in a direction close to the rotation axis of the uniform flow blade (332), the second adjustment gear ring (342) rotates in a positive direction.

5. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter tank body (1) is also provided with a first sewage discharge pipe (35) and a second sewage discharge pipe (36); the first sewage discharge pipe (35) is connected to the first filter chamber (21); the second sewage discharge pipe (36) is connected to the second filter chamber (22); and both the first sewage discharge pipe (35) and the second sewage discharge pipe (36) are provided with an opening and closing member (4); the opening and closing member (4) is used to flexibly seal and open and close the first sewage discharge pipe (35) and the second sewage discharge pipe (36).

6. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening and closing member (4) comprises an opening and closing cylinder (41) provided on the first sewage discharge pipe (35) and the second sewage discharge pipe (36); the opening and closing cylinder (41) is connected to the first sewage discharge pipe (35) / the second sewage discharge pipe (36); an opening and closing plate (42) is rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41); the opening and closing plate (42) is movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder (41); and a locking member (43) for limiting the position of the opening and closing plate (42) is also provided in the opening and closing cylinder (41).

7. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking member (43) comprises a locking plate (431) rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking plate (431) movably fits with the water flow in the opening and closing cylinder (41), a locking block (433) is slidably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41), a locking groove (432) is provided on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate (42), the locking block (433) is movably inserted into the locking groove (432), and the locking block (433) and the side wall of the locking groove (432) are movably fitted and pressed against each other, and a contact block (434) is further provided on the locking block (433), a side of the locking plate (431) away from the filter tank body (1) is movably fitted with the contact block (434), and the side of the contact block (434) and the locking plate (431) that are to be fitted and pressed against each other are inclined.

8. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: An operating handle is provided at the rotation axis of the locking plate (431), the operating handle penetrates and protrudes from the opening and closing cylinder (41), and a torsion spring is provided at the rotation axis of the locking plate (431), the torsion spring drives the locking plate (431) to block the opening and closing cylinder (41), and two groups of locking grooves (432) are provided; When the opening and closing plate (42) rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking block (433) is plugged into one of the locking grooves (432); When the opening and closing plate (42) is rotated to open the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking block (433) is plugged into another locking groove (432).

9. The integrated sand and gravel filtering device for agricultural irrigation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first sewage discharge pipe (35) is provided with a first indicator light (5), and the second sewage discharge pipe (36) is provided with a second indicator light (51); the first indicator light (5) corresponds to the first filter chamber (21), and the second indicator light (51) corresponds to the second filter chamber (22); a movable block (52) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching plate (32) at the switching port (321); pressure sensors (53) are provided at the first indicator light (5) and the second indicator light (51); a sliding block (54) is elastically provided on the first sewage discharge pipe (35); one end of the sliding block (54) is movably fitted and pressed against the pressure sensor (53), and the other end of the sliding block (54) is movably fitted and pressed against the movable block (52); the two pressure sensors (53) correspond to the first indicator light (5) and the second indicator light (51) respectively, and are electrically connected.

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