Powder filling equipment and method for preparing annular layered perforated pipe / rod

Abstract

The invention discloses powder filling equipment for preparing annular layered perforated pipes / rods, which comprises a base, a stand column seat, a stand column and a cross beam, a screw rod is arranged on the cross beam, a screw sleeve is sleeved below the screw rod, the screw sleeve is matched with a bracket, an ejector rod is arranged in the screw sleeve, a hook is arranged at the lower part of the screw sleeve, and a rod or pipe positioning sleeve is arranged on the base. A bar or pipe positioning sleeve is arranged on the base, an outer sleeve and an isolation steel foil are arranged on the bar or pipe positioning sleeve, a flange is arranged on the isolation steel foil, and a striker plate is arranged on the base. And powder is filled between the outer sleeve and the isolation steel foil and in the space in the isolation steel foil, the isolation steel foil is pulled away, then sintering is conducted, and the annular-layer-shaped porous pipe / rod is obtained. By arranging the screw rod, the ejector rod and the striker plate, it is guaranteed that the upward friction force influence of inner and outer layer powder can be eliminated in the process of pulling away the isolation steel foil, the position is kept stable, and it is guaranteed that the inner and outer powder of the isolation steel foil is completely and stably filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy porous composite material preparation, and in particular relates to a powder filling device and method for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods. Background Art

[0002] With the development of powder metallurgy technology, the filling method of powder has received extensive research attention, and a lot of research work has been carried out on the original characteristics of powder, such as particle size, shape, loose and tap density, fluidity, etc., which affect the filling. There is no doubt that the powder filling technology is the basis for the preparation of porous functional components by powder metallurgy and the core of powder metallurgy forming technology. With the further development of modern industry, porous materials need to have more functional characteristics, such as conductivity and high strength at the same time, which leads to the functional limitations of components prepared by a single powder. Porous materials are also developing towards composites. By utilizing the additive effect of porous composite materials, the components can simultaneously have the excellent properties of each component of the composite element.

[0003] Existing powder metallurgy filling methods are inefficient and have a single filling type. They are mostly limited to filling powders of the same material or powders of the same material with different particle sizes, and it is difficult to meet the production of heterogeneous powder metallurgy porous material components with more functional requirements. If composite filling is to be achieved, a more complex mold design is required. The mold needs to be redesigned just for the size changes caused by different components. It lacks universality and interchangeability, resulting in a lengthy process and a lot of time spent on mold making, which greatly increases production costs. In addition, the accuracy of powder filling preparation by conventional means is not high, and further processing is still required. In order to meet the needs of functional components for the preparation of porous materials in various fields, a new type of composite powder filling technology is needed, especially a high-precision, geometrically controllable dynamic powder filling technology.

[0004] In order to solve the existing powder filling problem, it is necessary to specially solve the problem of heterogeneous gradient powder filling, prepare high-precision, high-geometric position annular layered porous functional components, and reduce subsequent processing. Therefore, a powder filling device and method for the preparation of annular layered porous tubes / rods is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a powder filling device for the preparation of annular porous tubes / rods in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The device is provided with a screw and a push rod to compress and limit the inner layer powder filled in the isolation steel foil, and a material baffle is provided to compress and limit the outer layer powder filled between the isolation steel foil and the outer sleeve, and a screw sleeve and a hook are provided to cooperate with a bracket to realize the vertical extraction of the isolation steel foil between the inner layer powder and the outer layer powder. The limited dynamic filling technology is used to keep the inner and outer layers of powder fixed while extracting the isolation steel foil with different powder components, thereby ensuring the complete and stable filling of the powder inside and outside the steel foil.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods, characterized in that the device includes a base, a column seat is installed on the base, the column seat is matched with a column, a crossbeam is installed on the upper end of the column through a first screw, a screw is threadedly installed on the end of the crossbeam away from the first screw, a screw sleeve with an external thread is sleeved on the lower part of the screw, the screw sleeve is matched with a threaded hole of a bracket fixed on the base, a push rod matched with the screw is also installed in the screw sleeve, and a detachable screw sleeve is installed on the lower part of the screw sleeve through a second screw. A hook is provided on the base, and a rod positioning sleeve or a tube positioning sleeve coaxial with the screw is also installed on the base, and an annular groove coaxial with the screw is opened on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve or the tube positioning sleeve, and an outer sleeve is installed on the outer ring of the annular groove, and an isolation steel foil is installed on the inner ring of the annular groove, and a flange matching the hook is installed on the upper part of the isolation steel foil, a positioning hole coaxial with the screw is opened in the center of the upper surface of the tube positioning sleeve, and a core rod is installed in the positioning hole, and a detachable baffle plate divided into two halves is provided on the base, and a circular hole corresponding to the isolation steel foil is opened on the baffle plate.

[0007] The above-mentioned powder filling equipment for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods is characterized in that the screw, screw sleeve, push rod, outer sleeve, isolation steel foil, rod positioning sleeve, tube positioning sleeve and flange are all coaxial.

[0008] The above-mentioned powder filling equipment for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods is characterized in that the base is provided with mounting holes that cooperate with the rod positioning sleeve and the tube positioning sleeve, and the lower part of the rod positioning sleeve and the tube positioning sleeve are both provided with cylinders that cooperate with the mounting holes.

[0009] The above-mentioned powder filling equipment for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods is characterized in that a handle is provided on the screw sleeve.

[0010] The above-mentioned powder filling equipment for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods is characterized in that the diameter of the push rod matches the inner diameter of the isolation steel foil.

[0011] The above-mentioned powder filling device and method for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods are characterized in that the push rod and the inner hole of the screw sleeve are in a small clearance sliding fit.

[0012] The above-mentioned powder filling device and method for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods are characterized in that the height of the baffle plate matches the height of the outer sleeve.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing annular layered porous rods using a powder filling device, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Install an isolation steel foil on the inner circle of the annular groove on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve, install an outer sleeve on the outer circle, then put the outer layer powder between the outer sleeve and the isolation steel foil, put the inner layer powder in the isolation steel foil, and vibrate to obtain a filled rod positioning sleeve; the heights of the outer layer powder, the inner layer powder and the outer sleeve in the filled rod positioning sleeve are the same;

[0015] Step 2: Place the loading rod positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base, then rotate the screw to make the lower end of the push rod press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder, and then push the detachable baffle plate divided into two halves horizontally from both sides to make the circular hole fit with the isolation steel foil, and the lower side of the top contact with the outer layer powder with a gap less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate to the base to obtain a limiting device;

[0016] Step 3: Move the handle to rotate the screw sleeve in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw to install a detachable hook at the bottom of the screw sleeve, and make the hook hang against the flange of the isolation steel foil to obtain the device to be removed;

[0017] Step 4: Move the handle to rotate the screw sleeve in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil is completely extracted from the outer layer powder and the inner layer powder, and a prefabricated green body is obtained in the outer sleeve;

[0018] Step 5: Sinter or press the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain a layered gradient porous rod element.

[0019] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing annular layered porous tubes using a powder filling device, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Install a core rod in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve, install an isolation steel foil on the inner ring of the annular groove, install an outer sleeve on the outer ring, then put the outer layer powder between the outer sleeve and the isolation steel foil, put the inner layer powder between the isolation steel foil and the core rod, and vibrate to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the heights of the outer layer powder, the inner layer powder and the outer sleeve in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod;

[0021] Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base, then rotate the screw to make the lower end of the push rod press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder, and then push the detachable baffle plate divided into two halves horizontally from both sides to make the circular hole fit with the isolation steel foil, and the lower side of the top is in contact with the outer layer powder, with a gap of less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate to the base to obtain a limiting device;

[0022] Step 3: Move the handle to rotate the screw sleeve in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw to install a detachable hook at the bottom of the screw sleeve, and make the hook hang against the flange of the isolation steel foil to obtain the device to be removed;

[0023] Step 4: Move the handle to rotate the screw sleeve in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil is completely extracted from the outer layer powder and the inner layer powder, then press the outer layer powder and the inner layer powder, and then take out the core rod to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve;

[0024] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present invention compacts and limits the inner layer powder filled in the isolation steel foil by arranging a screw rod and a push rod, compacts and limits the outer layer powder filled between the isolation steel foil and the outer sleeve by arranging a material baffle plate, realizes the vertical extraction of the isolation steel foil between the inner layer powder and the outer layer powder by arranging a screw sleeve and a hook matching bracket, and adopts a design scheme of independent inner and outer layer movement mechanisms. While the isolation steel foil for isolating different powder components is extracted, the inner and outer layers of powder are kept fixed, thereby ensuring that the powder inside and outside the steel foil are filled completely and stably, and solving the problem of powder filling prepared by annular layer porous tubes / rods.

[0027] 2. The present invention designs tube positioning sleeves and rod positioning sleeves to prepare annular layered porous tubes or rods respectively, thereby meeting multiple needs. The powder filling equipment has a simple and compact structure and adjustable height. After replacing individual parts, it can be used to prefabricate green blanks of components with different structural sizes, effectively avoiding complex mold design, improving overall versatility and interchangeability, reducing mold manufacturing costs, and greatly improving production costs. In addition, it avoids the problem of low precision after powder filling preparation by conventional means, reduces subsequent processing, and improves the processability of porous functional material preparation.

[0028] 3. The present invention proposes a high-precision, high-geometric gradient powder filling technology. Through the design of the screw sleeve, the external threaded screw mechanism is used to move vertically up and down, and the central coaxial high-precision guide hole is used to provide precise guidance for the push rod, ensuring that it can accurately press the inner layer of powder vertically downward to keep it stationary, thereby ensuring the precise filling of powders of two different materials, and realizing the preparation of high-precision, high-geometric annular layered composite powder metallurgy porous products.

[0029] 4. The present invention proposes a gradient layered powder filling technology suitable for the preparation of porous materials, realizes high-precision powder filling, and provides a simple and feasible method for making annular porous tube elements and layered gradient porous rod elements. The gradient can be applied to layered filling of different particle sizes, different compositions, and materials, breaking through the limitations of single-type powder filling and laying a structural foundation for subsequent molding processes and pore design based on functional requirements.

[0030] 5. The present invention simultaneously realizes high-precision filling of heterogeneous powders, and provides a structural basis with high dimensional accuracy and high geometric position accuracy for subsequent pressing and sintering processes of functional porous material components, so as to solve the problem that single powder filling cannot meet functional requirements, and at the same time provides a structural basis with high dimensional accuracy and high geometric position accuracy for subsequent pressing and sintering processes of functional porous material components.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0034] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a material baffle plate in a powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the outer layer powder and the inner layer powder after filling when a rod positioning sleeve is used in a powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the outer layer powder and the inner layer powder after filling when a tube positioning sleeve is used in a powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1—base; 2—column base; 3—column;

[0039] 4—first screw; 5—crossbeam; 6—screw rod;

[0040] 7—screw sleeve; 8—bracket; 9—mandrel;

[0041] 10—second screw; 11—hook; 12—rod positioning sleeve;

[0042] 13—outer casing; 14—isolation steel foil; 15—flange;

[0043] 16—Blocking plate; 17—Round hole; 18—Handle;

[0044] 19—outer layer powder; 20—inner layer powder; 21—tube positioning sleeve;

[0045] 22—Mandrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] A powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods of the present invention is described in detail through Example 1.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, the powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods of this embodiment includes a base 1, a column seat 2 is installed on the base 1, and the column seat 2 is matched with a column 3. A crossbeam 5 is installed on the upper end of the column 3 through a first screw 4, and a screw 6 is threadedly installed on the end of the crossbeam 5 away from the first screw 4. The lower part of the screw 6 is sleeved with a screw sleeve 7 with an external thread, and the screw sleeve 7 is matched with a threaded hole of a bracket 8 fixed to the base 1. A push rod 9 matching with the screw 6 is also installed in the screw sleeve 7, and a detachable hook 11 is installed at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7 through a second screw 10. The base 1 is also equipped with a screw 6 that is the same as the screw 6. The rod positioning sleeve 12 or the tube positioning sleeve 21 of the shaft, the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve 12 or the tube positioning sleeve 21 is provided with an annular groove coaxial with the screw 6, the outer ring of the annular groove is installed with an outer sleeve 13, the inner ring of the annular groove is installed with an isolation steel foil 14, the upper part of the isolation steel foil 14 is installed with a flange 15 that cooperates with the hook 11, the center of the upper surface of the tube positioning sleeve 21 is provided with a positioning hole coaxial with the screw 6, a core rod 22 is installed in the positioning hole, and a detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves is provided on the base 1, and a circular hole 17 corresponding to the isolation steel foil 14 is opened on the baffle plate 16.

[0049] It should be noted that the overall space frame is formed by setting the base 1, the column seat 2, the column 3 and the crossbeam 5, the spatial position of the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14 is limited by setting the rod positioning sleeve 12 or the tube positioning sleeve 21, the inner layer powder 20 filled in the isolation steel foil 14 is pressed and limited by setting the screw 6 and the push rod 9 and moving vertically, the outer layer powder 19 filled between the isolation steel foil 14 and the outer sleeve 13 is pressed and limited by setting the horizontally movable baffle plate 16, and the screw sleeve 7 and the hook 11 are provided and cooperated. The bracket 8 realizes the vertical extraction of the isolation steel foil 14 between the inner layer powder 20 and the outer layer powder 19, and adopts the design scheme of independent inner and outer layer movement mechanism. While extracting the isolation steel foil 14 used to isolate different powder components, the inner and outer layers of powder remain fixed, ensuring that the powder filling inside and outside the isolation steel foil 14 is complete and stable, solving the powder filling problem in the preparation process of annular layer porous tubes / rods, and the mechanism structure is simple and compact, and the height is adjustable. After replacing individual parts, it can be used for powder blank filling of components of different structural sizes.

[0050] It should be noted that by providing an outer sleeve 13 and an isolation steel foil 14 and adopting a design scheme of independent inner and outer layer motion mechanisms, high-precision filling of heterogeneous powders in the preparation of annular layered porous tubes / rods is achieved. While extracting the isolation steel foil 14, the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20 remain fixed, thereby ensuring the height of the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20 inside and outside the isolation steel foil 14, providing a structural basis with high dimensional accuracy and high geometric position accuracy for subsequent pressing and sintering processes, and the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20 can be filled between powders of the same particle size of two different materials, different particle sizes of the same material, and different particle sizes of different materials, thereby realizing the preparation of a variety of annular layered porous tubes / rods.

[0051] It should be noted that the screw rod 6 can move up and down in the vertical direction by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, and the screw sleeve 7 can also move up and down in the vertical direction by rotating clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it should be noted that, except for the positioning holes and the installation of the core rod 22, the structure of the tube positioning sleeve 21 is the same as that of the rod positioning sleeve 12. The rod positioning sleeve 12 is used to prepare annular layered porous rods, and the tube positioning sleeve 21 is used to prepare annular layered porous tubes. By opening positioning holes and installing the core rod 22 in the tube positioning sleeve 21, it is used to occupy the position when the inner layer powder 20 is loaded so that the prepared annular layered porous tube has a tubular structure.

[0053] It should be noted that the column 3 installed on the column base 2 can move vertically up and down along the column base 2, driving the crossbeam 5 installed on the column 3 to adjust its height up and down. The column 3 is designed to be movable up and down in order to adapt to porous elements of different heights and increase the scope of application of the equipment.

[0054] It should be noted that the hook 11 is used to hook on the lower bottom surface of the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 . When the screw sleeve 7 moves upward, the hook 11 drives the isolation steel foil 14 to be pulled out from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20 .

[0055] It should be noted that the powder filling and compaction operations are performed after the rod positioning sleeve 12 or the tube positioning sleeve 21 is removed from the powder filling equipment.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the screw 6, the screw sleeve 7, the push rod 9, the outer sleeve 13, the isolation steel foil 14, the rod positioning sleeve 12, the tube positioning sleeve 21 and the flange 15 are all coaxial. By limiting the coaxiality, the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20 are pressed and limited.

[0057] In this embodiment, the base 1 is provided with mounting holes that match the rod positioning sleeve 12 and the tube positioning sleeve 21, and the lower parts of the rod positioning sleeve 12 and the tube positioning sleeve 21 are provided with cylinders that match the mounting holes. The mounting holes and the cylinders are provided to facilitate the rapid installation of the rod positioning sleeve 12 and the tube positioning sleeve 21 and keep the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14 on the rod positioning sleeve 12 and the tube positioning sleeve 21 coaxial with the round hole 17 on the screw 6, the screw sleeve 7, the push rod 9, and the material blocking plate 16, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a handle 18 is provided on the screw sleeve 7. The handle 18 is provided to facilitate the rotation of the screw sleeve 7, so that the screw sleeve 7 can be moved upward or downward.

[0059] In this embodiment, the diameter of the push rod 9 matches the inner diameter of the isolation steel foil 14. By matching the diameter of the push rod 9 with the inner diameter of the isolation steel foil 14, the push rod 9 can completely compress the inner layer of powder 20 filled in the isolation steel foil 14, ensuring the compression and limiting effect.

[0060] In this embodiment, the push rod 9 is slidably matched with the inner hole of the screw sleeve 7 with a small gap. By making the push rod 9 and the inner hole of the screw sleeve 7 slidably matched with a small gap, it is ensured that the end surface of the push rod 9 is closely fitted to the upper surface of the powder blank without tilting.

[0061] In this embodiment, the height of the baffle plate 16 matches the height of the outer sleeve 13. By matching the height of the baffle plate 16 with the height of the outer sleeve 13, it is ensured that the lower side of the top of the baffle plate 16 contacts and compresses the outer layer powder 19, and when the screw 6 moves upward and the hook 11 drives the isolation steel foil 14 to be drawn out from the powder blank, the outer layer powder 19 and the outer sleeve are kept in a stable position under the action of the baffle plate 16.

[0062] The method for using the powder filling device for preparing annular layered porous tubes / rods of the present invention is described in detail through Examples 2 to 8.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Install an isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve 12, install an outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put an outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put an inner layer powder 20 into the isolation steel foil 14, and vibrate to obtain a filled rod positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 74 μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is atomized nickel powder with a particle size of 74 μm. The heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20 and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled rod positioning sleeve are the same;

[0066] Step 2: Place the loading rod positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0067] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0068] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and a prefabricated green body is obtained in the outer sleeve 13;

[0069] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous rod element.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Install an isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve 12, install an outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put an outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put an inner layer powder 20 into the isolation steel foil 14, and vibrate to obtain a filled rod positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 150 μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is carbonyl nickel powder with a particle size of 1 μm. The heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20 and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled rod positioning sleeve are the same;

[0073] Step 2: Place the loading rod positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0074] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0075] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and a prefabricated green body is obtained in the outer sleeve 13;

[0076] Step 5: The prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 is pressed and sintered to obtain an annular layered gradient porous rod element.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Install an isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve 12, install an outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put an outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put an inner layer powder 20 into the isolation steel foil 14, and vibrate to obtain a filled rod positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is an electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 74 μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is an electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 25 μm. The heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20 and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled rod positioning sleeve are the same;

[0080] Step 2: Place the loading rod positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0081] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0082] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and a prefabricated green body is obtained in the outer sleeve 13;

[0083] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous rod element.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0086] Step 1, install the core rod 22 in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve 21, install the isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove, install the outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put the outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put the inner layer powder 20 between the isolation steel foil 14 and the core rod 22, and vibrate to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 45μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is nickel-aluminum alloy powder with a particle size of 150μm; the heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20, and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod 22;

[0087] Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0088] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0089] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, then press the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and then take out the core rod 22 to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve 13;

[0090] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

[0091] Example 6

[0092] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0093] Step 1: Install a core rod 22 in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve 21, install an isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove, and install an outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring. Then, load the outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, and load the inner layer powder 20 between the isolation steel foil 14 and the core rod 22, and compact them to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 74 μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is atomized nickel powder with a particle size of 74 μm; the heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20, and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod 22;

[0094] Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0095] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0096] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, then press the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and then take out the core rod 22 to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve 13;

[0097] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0100] Step 1, install the core rod 22 in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve 21, install the isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove, install the outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put the outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put the inner layer powder 20 between the isolation steel foil 14 and the core rod 22, and vibrate to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is 316L stainless steel powder with a particle size of 150μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is carbonyl nickel powder with a particle size of 1μm; the heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20, and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod 22;

[0101] Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0102] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0103] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, then press the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and then take out the core rod 22 to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve 13;

[0104] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

[0105] Example 8

[0106] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0107] Step 1, install the core rod 22 in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve 21, install the isolation steel foil 14 on the inner ring of the annular groove, install the outer sleeve 13 on the outer ring, then put the outer layer powder 19 between the outer sleeve 13 and the isolation steel foil 14, put the inner layer powder 20 between the isolation steel foil 14 and the core rod 22, and vibrate to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the outer layer powder 19 is an electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 74 μm, and the inner layer powder 20 is an electrolytic copper powder with a particle size of 25 μm; the heights of the outer layer powder 19, the inner layer powder 20, and the outer sleeve 13 in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod 22;

[0108] Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base 1, then rotate the screw 6 to make the lower end of the push rod 9 press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder 20, and then push the detachable baffle plate 16 divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole 17 fits with the isolation steel foil 14, and the lower side of the top contacts with the outer layer powder 19, and the gap is less than 0.1mm, and finally fix the baffle plate 16 to the base 1 to obtain a limiting device;

[0109] Step 3: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw 10 to install the detachable hook 11 at the lower part of the screw sleeve 7, and make the hook 11 hang against the flange 15 of the isolation steel foil 14 to obtain the device to be removed;

[0110] Step 4: Move the handle 18 to rotate the screw sleeve 7 in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil 14 is completely extracted from the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, then press the outer layer powder 19 and the inner layer powder 20, and then take out the core rod 22 to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve 13;

[0111] Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

[0112] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent change made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods, characterized in that: The device comprises a base (1), a column seat (2) is installed on the base (1), the column seat (2) is matched with a column (3), a crossbeam (5) is installed on the upper end of the column (3) through a first screw (4), a screw rod (6) is threadedly installed on the end of the crossbeam (5) away from the first screw (4), a screw sleeve (7) with external threads is sleeved on the lower part of the screw rod (6), the screw sleeve (7) is matched with the threaded hole of a bracket (8) fixed on the base (1), a top rod (9) matched with the screw rod (6) is also installed in the screw sleeve (7), a detachable hook (11) is installed on the lower part of the screw sleeve (7) through a second screw (10), and a rod positioning device coaxial with the screw rod (6) is also installed on the base (1). A sleeve (12) or a tube positioning sleeve (21), the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve (12) or the tube positioning sleeve (21) is provided with an annular groove coaxial with the screw (6), the outer ring of the annular groove is installed with an outer sleeve (13), the inner ring of the annular groove is installed with an isolation steel foil (14), the upper part of the isolation steel foil (14) is installed with a flange (15) matching with the hook (11), the center of the upper surface of the tube positioning sleeve (21) is provided with a positioning hole coaxial with the screw (6), a core rod (22) is installed in the positioning hole, and a detachable baffle plate (16) divided into two halves is provided on the base (1), and a circular hole (17) corresponding to the isolation steel foil (14) is provided on the baffle plate (16).

2. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod (6), the screw sleeve (7), the push rod (9), the outer sleeve (13), the isolation steel foil (14), the rod positioning sleeve (12), the pipe positioning sleeve (21) and the flange (15) are all coaxial.

3. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a mounting hole that matches with the rod positioning sleeve (12) and the tube positioning sleeve (21), and the lower parts of the rod positioning sleeve (12) and the tube positioning sleeve (21) are both provided with a cylinder that matches with the mounting hole.

4. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw sleeve (7) is provided with a handle (18).

5. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the push rod (9) matches the inner diameter of the isolation steel foil (14).

6. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (9) and the inner hole of the screw sleeve (7) are in sliding fit with a small clearance.

7. A powder filling device for preparing annular layer porous tubes / rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the material blocking plate (16) matches the height of the outer sleeve (13).

8. A method for preparing annular layered porous rods using the powder filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install an isolation steel foil (14) on the inner ring of the annular groove on the upper surface of the rod positioning sleeve (12), install an outer sleeve (13) on the outer ring, then put an outer layer powder (19) between the outer sleeve (13) and the isolation steel foil (14), put an inner layer powder (20) into the isolation steel foil (14), and vibrate to obtain a filled rod positioning sleeve; the heights of the outer layer powder (19), the inner layer powder (20) and the outer sleeve (13) in the filled rod positioning sleeve are the same; Step 2: Place the loading rod positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base (1), then rotate the screw (6) to make the lower end of the push rod (9) press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder (20), and then push the detachable baffle plate (16) divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole (17) fits with the isolation steel foil (14), and the lower side surface of the top contacts with the outer layer powder (19), and the gap is less than 0.1 mm. Finally, fix the baffle plate (16) to the base (1) to obtain a limiting device; Step 3: Move the handle (18) to rotate the screw sleeve (7) in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw (10) to install the detachable hook (11) on the lower part of the screw sleeve (7), and make the hook (11) hang against the flange (15) of the isolation steel foil (14), so as to obtain the device to be removed; Step 4: Move the handle (18) to rotate the screw sleeve (7) in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil (14) is completely extracted from the outer layer powder (19) and the inner layer powder (20), and a prefabricated green body is obtained in the outer sleeve (13); Step 5: Sinter or press the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 and then sinter it to obtain an annular layered gradient porous rod element.

9. A method for preparing annular layered porous tubes using the powder filling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install a core rod (22) in the positioning hole on the upper surface of the pipe positioning sleeve (21), install an isolation steel foil (14) on the inner ring of the annular groove, and install an outer sleeve (13) on the outer ring, then load an outer layer powder (19) between the outer sleeve (13) and the isolation steel foil (14), load an inner layer powder (20) between the isolation steel foil (14) and the core rod (22), and perform compaction to obtain a filled pipe positioning sleeve; the heights of the outer layer powder (19), the inner layer powder (20) and the outer sleeve (13) in the filled pipe positioning sleeve are the same and lower than the height of the core rod (22); Step 2: Place the filling tube positioning sleeve obtained in step 1 on the mounting hole of the base (1), then rotate the screw (6) to make the lower end of the push rod (9) press against the upper end surface of the inner layer powder (20), and then push the detachable baffle plate (16) divided into two halves horizontally from both sides, so that the circular hole (17) fits with the isolation steel foil (14), and the lower side surface of the top contacts with the outer layer powder (19), and the gap is less than 0.1 mm. Finally, fix the baffle plate (16) to the base (1) to obtain a limiting device; Step 3: Move the handle (18) to rotate the screw sleeve (7) in the limiting device obtained in step 2 downward, and then use the second screw (10) to install the detachable hook (11) on the lower part of the screw sleeve (7), and make the hook (11) hang against the flange (15) of the isolation steel foil (14), so as to obtain the device to be removed; Step 4: Move the handle (18) to rotate the screw sleeve (7) in the device to be extracted obtained in step 3 upward until the isolation steel foil (14) is completely extracted from the outer layer powder (19) and the inner layer powder (20), and then press the outer layer powder (19) and the inner layer powder (20), and then take out the core rod (22) to obtain a prefabricated green body in the outer sleeve (13); Step 5: Sinter the prefabricated green body obtained in step 4 to obtain an annular layered gradient porous tube element.

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