A linked high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool and a workpiece machining method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool and a workpiece machining method, belonging to the technical field of machining equipment. It includes a bed frame, a rotary table, two machine tool spindles, two five-axis motion devices and a computer numerical control system. A rotary table is arranged at the center of the bed frame, and the workpiece is installed on the rotary table through a fixture; the machining tool is installed on the machine tool spindle; and the machining program of the workpiece is input through the numerical control device, and the two spindles simultaneously perform horizontal machining on both sides of the workpiece. The present invention provides the spindle with movements along three linear coordinate axes of X, Y and Z, and two rotational coordinate axes of A and C, which can meet the synchronous or asynchronous machining of workpieces on both sides, such as the machining of integral blisk parts and cylindrical parts. Compared with the traditional five-axis machining center, the present invention has good structural rigidity, force balance and thermal symmetry, and the machining efficiency is doubled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of processing equipment, and particularly relates to a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool and a workpiece processing method. Background Art

[0002] A five-axis linkage machining machine tool, also known as a five-axis machining machine tool, is a special processing equipment with high technological content and high precision, used for processing complex curved surfaces. This machining center system has an important influence on many industries such as aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, and high-precision medical equipment. The five-axis linkage numerical control machining machine tool is the key means to solve the processing requirements of impellers, blades, marine propellers, heavy generator rotors, steam turbine rotors, large diesel engine crankshafts, etc. Some existing multi-spindle machining machine tools usually process multiple parts simultaneously through the array of spindles and parts, achieving an equivalent improvement in processing efficiency. However, for parts with small batch sizes and long processing times, this solution cannot effectively improve the processing efficiency of the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a double-spindle double-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool, which can realize the simultaneous machining of parts by two horizontal spindles, solve the problem in the prior art that the machining in all directions of parts cannot be guaranteed, improve the machining production efficiency of parts, and reduce the processing cost.

[0004] The present invention provides a double-spindle double-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool, including a bed frame, a rotary table, 2 machine tool spindles and 2 sets of five-axis motion components;

[0005] The bed frame includes an operation platform and a track mounting frame; the track mounting frame includes a first side and a second side; the operation platform is arranged between the first side and the second side; two sets of Y-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both the first side and the second side; the axes of the 2 sets of five-axis motion components are horizontal to the tabletop of the rotary table;

[0006] The rotary table is arranged at the center of the operation platform;

[0007] One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on one set of Y-axis guide rails; the other set of five-axis motion components is arranged on the other set of Y-axis guide rails;

[0008] The five-axis motion components include Y-axis moving parts, X-axis guide rails, X-axis moving parts, Z-axis guide rails, Z-axis moving parts, a C-axis orthogonal swing head and an A-axis orthogonal swing head; a C-axis swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis moving parts, an A-axis swing head is installed on the C-axis swing head, and a machine tool spindle is arranged on the A-axis orthogonal swing head;

[0009] A machining tool for machining a workpiece to be machined is provided at the end of the machine tool spindle.

[0010] Optionally, the Y-axis moving component is slidably arranged on two groups of Y-axis guide rails on the same side through sliders and slides on the Y-axis guide rails.

[0011] Optionally, a mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the Y-axis moving component, and an X-axis guide rail is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the X-axis moving component is slidably arranged on the X-axis guide rail through a slider.

[0013] Optionally, it further includes a numerical control device. The machine tool frame is electrically connected to the numerical control device. The numerical control device is used to input and control a numerical control program and respectively control two groups of five-axis moving components to realize the machining operations of the machine tool spindles arranged on both sides of the machine tool on the workpiece to be machined.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a workpiece processing method, which uses the aforementioned processing machine tool for processing to obtain a processed workpiece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By using the movement provided by the feeding mechanisms in the X, Y, and Z three linear coordinate axis directions and the C and A two rotational coordinate axis directions for the machine tool spindle, it can meet the synchronous or asynchronous milling processing of the workpieces by the spindles on both sides of the machine tool.

[0016] The machine tool adopts a fully enclosed symmetrical structure, which has high rigidity and high stability. At the same time, through the numerical control processing program, symmetrical synchronous milling of the workpiece is realized by the spindles on both sides, which can effectively improve the force characteristics during the processing. Combining with the structural characteristics of the machine tool, the processing quality and processing efficiency of the workpiece can be improved. The present invention can not only be used for rough machining, but is especially suitable for finish machining. It greatly improves the production and processing efficiency of parts, the processing efficiency is increased by more than 50%, and the economic benefits can be significantly improved. Description of the Drawings

[0017] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered as a limitation to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 It is the front view of the processing machine tool of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is the top view of the processing machine tool of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is the side view of the processing machine tool of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Signs:

[0022] 1. Bed frame, 2. Rotary table, 3. Workpiece to be machined, 4-1. Y-axis moving part, 5-1. X-axis moving part, 6-1. Z-axis moving part, 7-1. C-axis orthogonal swing head, 8-1. A-axis orthogonal swing head, 9-1. Machine tool spindle, 10-1. Machining tool, 11. Numerical control device, 12-1. Y-axis guide rail, 13-1. X-axis guide rail. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] A specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1-3 , discloses a linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool, including a bed frame 1, a rotary table 2, 2 machine tool spindles and 2 sets of five-axis motion components;

[0025] The bed frame 1 includes an operation platform and a track mounting frame; the track mounting frame includes a first side and a second side; the operation platform is arranged between the first side and the second side, and both the first side and the second side are perpendicular to the operation platform; two sets of Y-axis guide rails 12-1 are symmetrically arranged on both the first side and the second side; the Y-axis guide rails are perpendicular to the operation platform;

[0026] The rotary table 2 is arranged at the center of the operation platform. During use, the workpiece 3 to be machined is installed on the rotary table 2;

[0027] One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side; the arrangement of the other set of five-axis motion components is similar and will not be elaborated here.

[0028] Furthermore, the five-axis motion component includes a Y-axis moving part 4-1, an X-axis guide rail 13-1, an X-axis moving part 5-1, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis moving part 6-1, a C-axis orthogonal swing head 7-1, and an A-axis orthogonal swing head 8-1;

[0029] The two ends of the Y-axis moving part are respectively slidably arranged on two sets of Y-axis guide rails on the same side through sliders and slide on the Y-axis guide rails; preferably, referring to the attached Figure 1 , two sets of linear motors are used for driving.

[0030] An installation hole is arranged in the middle of the Y-axis moving part, and a set of X-axis guide rails are respectively arranged on both side walls of the installation hole;

[0031] Referring to Figure 1, both sides of the X-axis moving part are respectively slidably arranged on two groups of X-axis guide rails of the same mounting hole through sliders, and two sets of linear motors, one above the other, are used to achieve center-of-gravity drive.

[0032] It can be understood that the center-of-gravity drive means that the driving force of the moving part coincides with the center-of-gravity position (or coincides on the projection in the moving plane). The center-of-gravity drive has better mechanical properties. When accelerating and decelerating, the acting points of the driving force and the inertial force are at the same point, so no torque is generated.

[0033] Four Z-axis guide rails are arranged inside the X-axis moving part in a square layout. The Z-axis moving part is slidably arranged on the Z-axis guide rails through sliders, and the center-of-gravity drive is realized by two sets of linear motors, one on the left and the other on the right.

[0034] It can be understood that the center-of-gravity drive means that the driving force of the moving part coincides with the center-of-gravity position (or coincides on the projection in the moving plane). The center-of-gravity drive has better mechanical properties. When accelerating and decelerating, the acting points of the driving force and the inertial force are at the same point, so no torque is generated.

[0035] Four Z-axis guide rails are arranged inside the X-axis moving part in a square layout. The Z-axis moving part is slidably arranged on the Z-axis guide rails through sliders, and the center-of-gravity drive is realized by two sets of linear motors, one on the left and the other on the right.

[0036] A C-axis orthogonal swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis moving part close to the rotary table 2. An A-axis orthogonal swing head is installed on the C-axis orthogonal swing head, and a machine tool spindle 9-1 is arranged on the A-axis orthogonal swing head;

[0037] The C-axis orthogonal swing head rotates around the axis of the Z-axis moving part; the A-axis orthogonal swing head swings parallel to the moving direction of the X-axis moving part;

[0038] Furthermore, the C-axis orthogonal swing head and the A-axis orthogonal swing head are of an orthogonal structure, and the rotation of the machine tool spindle around the Z-axis and the X-axis is realized through a torque motor drive structure.

[0039] A machining tool 10-1 for symmetrically machining both sides of the workpiece 3 to be machined is provided at the end of the machine tool spindle.

[0040] Furthermore, it further includes a numerical control device 11. The bed frame 1 is electrically connected to the numerical control device 11. The numerical control device 11 is used to input and control a numerical control program and respectively control two sets of five-axis motion components on both sides to realize operations such as synchronous symmetric milling of the workpiece 3 to be machined by the machine tool spindles arranged on both sides of the machine tool.

[0041] Preferably, the bed frame 1 is set as a fully enclosed symmetric structure with high rigidity and high stability. The five-axis motion components installed on both sides of the bed structure frame adopt the same structure.

[0042] The numerical control device 11 adopts a dual-channel control mode to perform 5-axis simultaneous control on the five-axis motion devices on both sides respectively, and uses the rotary table 2 for indexing control, so as to realize the bilateral axis simultaneous control and synchronous symmetric milling of the workpiece 3 to be machined.

[0043] Preferably, the bed frame adopts a four-gantry closed integral frame structure.

[0044] Furthermore, for workpieces with mirror symmetry or central symmetry characteristics, two sets of identical tools can be selectively used, and the tool paths of the two tools are planned according to mirror symmetry or the center, so that the cutting contact surfaces and cutting forces between the two sets of tools and the workpiece during the machining process are symmetric. Therefore, the force-bearing characteristics of the machine tool can be improved, the vibration of the machine tool can be suppressed, and the machining deformation of the workpiece can be reduced, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the machine tool and the machining quality of the parts.

[0045] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a workpiece machining method, which uses the aforementioned double-spindle double-five-axis simultaneous high-speed and high-efficiency vertical machining machine tool to machine the workpiece to be machined. The specific steps include:

[0046] To facilitate the realization of bilateral synchronous high-precision control, the first machine tool coordinate system MCS1 and the second machine tool coordinate system MCS2 are respectively established for the bilateral five-axis motion control systems. The positive directions of each coordinate system can be established as follows: The coordinate system directions of the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes and the X2, Y2, and Z2 axes respectively satisfy the right-hand law of the Cartesian coordinate system. Among them, the positive directions of the X1 axis and the X2 axis are opposite; the positive directions of the Y1 and Y2 axes are vertically upward; the positive directions of the Z1 and Z2 axes are both the directions in which the tool moves away from the workpiece. The positive and negative directions of each rotating axis (A1, C1, A2, and C2 axes) are respectively based on the positive directions of the corresponding translational axes and are established based on the right-hand screw rule. As Figure 1 shown.

[0047] When machining a blisk workpiece to be machined that is symmetric about the machining center, refer to Figure 1 , establish the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 for the workpiece to be machined; the coordinate axes WX1, WY1, and WZ1 of the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 are respectively the same as the X1, Y1, and Z1 axes, and the coordinate axes WX2, WY12, and WZ2 of the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 are respectively the same as the X2, Y2, and Z2 axes. The coordinate system origins of the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 are the same and are set at the rotation center of the workpiece.

[0048] When machining the workpiece to be machined, perform the corresponding coordinate transformation of converting the first machine tool coordinate system MCS1 and the second machine tool coordinate system MCS2 into the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2. The expression of the coordinate transformation is:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, represents the m position coordinate component of the tip point of the machining tool in the WCSm th workpiece coordinate system in the m th X axis direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which the position coordinate component of the tip point of the machining tool in the m th Y axis direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which the position coordinate component of the tip point of the machining tool in the m th Z direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which the tool attitude component of the machining tool in the m th X direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which the tool attitude component of the machining tool in the m th Y direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which the tool attitude component of the machining tool in the m th Z direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which, taking any point on the Am axis (the axis of the A-axis orthogonal swing head) as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point, the component of the vector in the Y direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which, taking any point on the Am axis as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point, the component of the vector in the Z direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm under which, taking any point on the Cm axis as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point, the component of the vector in the X direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate systemWCSm Starting from any point on the Cm axis, Am the component of the vector with any point on the m axis as the starting point and any point on the Y axis as the ending point in the th m workpiece coordinate system WCSm under the Xm displacement of the axis moving part relative to its initial state; m th WCSm workpiece coordinate system Ym under the displacement of the m axis moving part relative to its initial state; WCSm th Zm displacement of the axis moving mechanism relative to its initial state; m th WCSm workpiece coordinate system Am under the rotation radian of the m axis moving part relative to its initial state; WCSm th Cm workpiece coordinate system m rotation radian of the axis moving part relative to its initial state;

[0051] Based on the coordinate values after coordinate transformation, iterative transformation is performed to obtain the finally machined workpiece that meets the accuracy threshold.

[0052] The following formula is used for iterative inverse transformation, and the expression is:

[0053]

[0054] ​Exemplarily, the workpiece is mounted on the rotary table 2 through a fixture. The rotation center of the workpiece is ensured to coincide with the rotation axis of the rotary table 2 through a special fixture. During the specific machining process, the rotary table 2 is used for indexing the workpiece and does not participate in the simultaneous machining of other axes. First, according to the shape of the workpiece, a mirror or quasi-mirror machining trajectory is generated by CAM software. For example, for the number of blades on a blisk, if the number of blades is even, the blisk is a completely centrosymmetric structure. After generating the machining tool paths of two blades in a mirror position by CAM software, they are machined simultaneously by the two side spindles; if the number of blades is odd, the blisk is a quasi-centrosymmetric structure. At this time, CAM software generates the machining tool path of one blade and the tool path of the flow channel at the relative position of this blade respectively, and then the two side spindles machine the blade and the flow channel on the opposite side of the blade respectively. Thus, the mirror / quasi-mirror machining of the two side tools can be realized. After the machining task of one side spindle is completed, a corresponding signal is sent to the numerical control system. After the machining tasks of the two side spindles are all completed, the numerical control system sends a motion control instruction to the rotary table 2 for indexing, and continues the above machining process.

[0055] Since the two side spindles participate together during the machining process, the machining efficiency can be greatly improved. And according to the above machining process, it can basically ensure that the two side tools are mirror-symmetrical along the axial cutting direction during the machining process, thereby improving the stress states of the workpiece and the machine tool during the machining process and improving the machining quality of the machine tool.

[0056] A double-spindle double-five-axis linkage high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool provided by the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, can realize the symmetrical double-spindle synchronous milling machining of the workpiece to be machined. The workpiece 3 to be machined is fixed on the rotary table 2 through a fixture. The machine tool spindle 9-1 realizes the linear motion of a pair of machine tool spindles 9-1 in the X, Y, and Z axes of the machine tool and the rotational motion around the X and Z axes through the X, Y, and Z axis axial motion devices of the machine tool, as well as the C-axis orthogonal swing head 7-1 and the A-axis orthogonal swing head 8-1, realizing the double-five-axis linkage machining of the workpiece 3 to be machined. The numerical control device 11 controls the numerical control machining program to realize the double-five-axis linkage motion of the machine tool, and further realizes the synchronous or asynchronous milling machining of the two side spindles of the machine tool for the workpiece 3 to be machined.

[0057] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece processing method, which uses a linked high-speed and high-efficiency horizontal machining machine tool for processing to obtain a processed workpiece, characterized in that: The processing machine tool includes a machine body frame, a rotary table, two machine tool spindles, two sets of five-axis motion components and a numerical control device; The machine body frame includes an operation platform and a rail mounting frame; the rail mounting frame includes a first side and a second side; the operation platform is arranged between the first side and the second side; two sets of Y-axis rails are symmetrically arranged on both the first side and the second side; the axes of the two sets of five-axis motion components are horizontal to the tabletop of the rotary table; The rotary table is arranged at the center of the operation platform; One set of five-axis motion components is arranged on the two sets of Y-axis rails on the first side; the other set of five-axis motion components is arranged on the two sets of Y-axis rails on the second side; The five-axis motion component includes a Y-axis moving part, an X-axis rail, an X-axis moving part, a Z-axis rail, a Z-axis moving part, a C-axis orthogonal swing head and an A-axis orthogonal swing head; a C-axis orthogonal swing head is installed at the end of the Z-axis moving part, an A-axis orthogonal swing head is installed on the C-axis orthogonal swing head, and a machine tool spindle is arranged on the A-axis orthogonal swing head; A processing tool for processing the workpiece to be machined is provided at the end of the machine tool spindle; When machining the workpiece to be machined, the corresponding coordinate transformation of the first machine coordinate system MCS1 and the second machine coordinate system MCS2 into the first workpiece coordinate system WCS1 and the second workpiece coordinate system WCS2 is carried out, and the expression of the coordinate transformation is: Among them, represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the position coordinate of the tip point of the machining tool in the m th X axis direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the position coordinate of the tip point of the machining tool in the m th Y axis direction; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the position coordinate of the tip point of the machining tool in the m th Z direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the tool attitude of the machining tool in the m th X direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the tool attitude of the machining tool in the m th Y direction component; represents the m th workpiece coordinate system WCSm The component of the tool attitude of the machining tool in the m th Z direction component; represents the m th machine tool coordinate system MCSm The component of the vector with any point on the Am axis as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point in the m th Y direction; represents the m th machine tool coordinate system MCSm The component of the vector with any point on the Am axis as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point in the m th Z direction; represents the m th machine tool coordinate system MCSm The component of the vector with any point on the Cm axis as the starting point and the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point in the m th X direction; represents the m th machine tool coordinate system MCSm The following Cm uses any point on the Am axis as the starting point, and the m component of the vector with any point on the Y axis as the ending point in the th m machine coordinate system; MCSm The following Cm uses any point on the m axis as the starting point, and the component of the vector with the tip point of the machining tool as the ending point in the Y th direction; m represents the displacement of the MCSm axis moving part relative to its initial state under the Xm th machine coordinate system; m represents the displacement of the MCSm axis moving part relative to its initial state under the Ym th machine coordinate system; m represents the displacement of the MCSm axis moving mechanism relative to its initial state under the Zm th machine coordinate system; m represents the rotational radian of the MCSm axis moving part relative to its initial state under the Am th machine coordinate system; m represents the rotational radian of the MCSm axis moving part relative to its initial state under the Cm th m machine coordinate system; ; Based on the coordinate values after coordinate transformation, iterative transformation is carried out to obtain the finally machined workpiece that meets the accuracy threshold; The following formula is used for iterative inverse transformation, and the expression is: ； The numerical control device adopts a dual-channel control mode to perform five-axis linkage control on the five-axis motion components on both sides respectively, and uses the rotary table for indexing control, so as to realize the bilateral axis linkage and synchronous symmetric milling of the workpiece to be machined.

2. The workpiece processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Y-axis moving part is slidably arranged on the two sets of Y-axis rails on the same side through a slider and slides on the Y-axis rails.

3. The workpiece processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation hole is arranged in the middle of the Y-axis moving part, and an X-axis rail is arranged in the installation hole.

4. The workpiece processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis moving part is slidably arranged on the X-axis rail through a slider.

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