Ceramic body and ceramic brick free of binder and raw ore mud and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ceramic body and ceramic tile free of binder and raw ore mud, and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic body free of binder and raw ore mud further comprises the following components, by weight: 55 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 15 parts of Huangtian sand, and 10 parts of talc; the corresponding chemical composition, by weight, comprises the following components: LOI 4.07%, SiO2 75.50%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.16%, CaO 0.06%, MgO 2.57%, K2O 0.03%, Na2O 0.04%, and Li2O 0.14%. The preparation method includes: (1) ball milling; (2) multi-stage differentiation and screening, homogenization and aging; (3) spray granulation to obtain powder; (4) pressing and molding; (5) surface decoration; (6) high-temperature firing, with the highest firing temperature being 1050-1110°C and the firing time being 45-60 minutes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic production, and in particular relates to a ceramic body and a ceramic brick free of binder and raw ore mud, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Clay is one of the three main raw materials used in building ceramics. Its viscosity and plasticity serve as a bonding agent for ridged materials and are crucial for the whiteness and strength of the green body. Due to cost considerations, raw clay is often used as a raw material in building ceramics. While both raw clay and clay are naturally occurring muddy substances, raw clay is unprocessed natural mud and has a more complex composition. Furthermore, as a non-renewable resource, high-quality raw clay, particularly black clay with excellent whiteness, low iron content, and high strength and plasticity, has seen its stock decline annually due to extensive mining, keeping its price high. Due to a shortage of high-quality raw materials, the quality of currently mined raw materials is declining. In addition to reduced plasticity, the content of organic matter and impurities has also increased, leading to significant fluctuations in chemical composition. Some raw clay even requires post-mining washing to remove impurities, significantly polluting the environment and making this processing method unsustainable amidst increasing environmental pressures.

[0003] In actual production, clay-based raw materials such as raw ore mud have higher organic matter content, greater loss on ignition, and greater shrinkage during firing than lean and flux-based raw materials. This can easily lead to increased porosity and surface pinholes in the green body, resulting in decreased product density and surface anti-fouling properties, and difficulty controlling brick surface flatness. Especially for low-quality raw ore mud, as the organic matter content increases, simply shortening the oxidation time during the firing stage to avoid defects caused by organic matter in the raw materials will result in a raw-fired product with substandard performance. Extending the oxidation time during the firing stage will not only increase firing time and production costs, but also reduce production capacity, which is contrary to the industry's current low-temperature, fast-firing technology requirements.

[0004] Of course, there are also ceramic reinforcing agents that can partially replace the original ore mud. This can, to a certain extent, reduce the difficulty of purchasing the original ore mud and alleviate the problem of product sandwiching. However, its high production cost makes it not widely used. In addition, some companies use bentonite to replace part of the original ore mud. However, the disadvantage is that bentonite slurry has poor performance and is difficult to debond. To ensure the mud performance during ball milling, more water is often added, resulting in a high moisture content in the slurry, most of which is greater than 35%, or even above 37%. This has a significant impact on the bulk density quality of the product powder in the subsequent spray drying process and the energy consumption of the drying tower.

[0005] On the other hand, Yichun, as the lithium capital of Asia, owns the world's largest lithium mica mine, and produces about 75 million tons of waste each year during lithium extraction. These wastes have greatly restricted the development of lithium extraction companies. This is mainly because the tailings after secondary lithium extraction usually contain a variety of impurities (especially various fibrous impurities) and residual lithium compounds, which may have certain chemical activity. These substances will continue to react under specific conditions. For example, due to the physical and chemical treatment of the lithium extraction process, the particle size distribution of the tailings changes. During use, some particles may become more active due to the reaction, while other particles may gather together to form larger particles. It is precisely because most of the lithium tailings after secondary lithium extraction are too fine and contain too many various fibrous impurities, and the strength is very low. In addition, the kaolin component is added to improve the plasticity and sintering strength of the product. During the firing process, the lithium tailings that are ball-milled again are mixed with kaolin, which is not oxidized well and the product is prone to black heart. The elongated oxidation zone not only fails to increase the kiln speed, but also easily causes bulging and surface pinhole defects. Therefore, lithium tailings after secondary lithium extraction are rarely used in the formula of ceramic tile bodies, and even if used, only a small amount is dared to be added.

[0006] Under the heavy pressure of environmental protection and corporate production costs, how to use other raw materials for alternative production has become a consensus in the industry. On the one hand, high-quality raw mud ore is scarce and expensive, and hard to come by. On the other hand, the large amount of tailings formed by secondary lithium extraction has caused tremendous pressure on the environment and lithium extraction companies. Therefore, how to effectively utilize mining waste resources while reducing ecological pollution is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramic green body with a carbon content of only 0.07-0.08% in the formulation, which does not produce the black heart phenomenon. The whiteness of the fired green body can reach 25°, which is 5-6° whiter than the current conventional 20° green body, fully meeting the whiteness requirements of the green body in production. At the same time, the green body formulation does not contain a binder and does not use bentonite, eliminating the need to consider the high cost of auxiliary materials and the performance issues of bentonite slurry. Another technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramic green body without binder and raw ore mud, which uses a large amount of lithium tailings formed after secondary lithium extraction in the formulation, which is low in cost and most importantly helps to save high-quality ceramic raw material resources and promote the development of the ceramic industry. Another technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramic brick prepared using a ceramic green body without binder and raw ore mud by performing multi-stage differentiation and screening on the green body slurry to remove various fiber impurities contained in the lithium tailings after secondary lithium extraction, thereby avoiding bulging or surface pinhole defects during product preparation.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is the ceramic body without binder and raw ore mud, which is special in that it is composed of the following components by weight: 55-65 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 10-20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 12-18 parts of Huangtian sand, and 8-12 parts of talc; and the corresponding chemical composition is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 3.79-5.57%, SiO2 69.81-76.37%, Al2O3 16.54-18.84%, Fe2O3 0.14-0.57%, CaO 0.05-0.45%, MgO 2.17-3.58%, K2O 0.02-0.52%, Na2O 0.04-0.56%, and Li2O 0.14-0.25%.

[0009] Preferably, the ceramic body is further composed of the following components by weight: 55 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 15 parts of Huangtian sand, and 10 parts of talc; and the corresponding chemical composition is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 4.07%, SiO2 75.50%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.16%, CaO 0.06%, MgO 2.57%, K2O 0.03%, Na2O 0.04%, and Li2O 0.14%.

[0010] Preferably, the ultrafine lithium tailings are lithium tailings with finer particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization, and the particle size distribution is: D10 = 2.43 μm, D25 = 6.01 μm, D50 = 13.89 μm, D75 = 29.49 μm, D90 = 49.69 μm; the particle fineness is 10-15% on the 325 mesh sieve, the strength is between 2.0 and 2.2 MPa, and the whiteness is 25-27°. The chemical composition corresponding to the ultrafine lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 3.87%, SiO2 70.12%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.73%, CaO 0.43%, MgO 1.77%, K2O 1.9%, Na2O 3.5%, and Li2O 0.25%.

[0011] Preferably, the zero-strength lithium tailings are lithium tailings with slightly coarse particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization, and the particle size distribution is: D10 = 2.79 μm, D25 = 8.15 μm, D50 = 20.19 μm, D75 = 39.17 μm, D90 = 58.33 μm; the particle fineness is 18-25% on the 325 mesh sieve, the strength is 0, and the whiteness is 75-78°. The chemical composition corresponding to the zero-strength lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 0.83%, SiO2 78.48%, Al2O3 12.78%, Fe2O3 0.12%, CaO 0.35%, MgO 0.11%, K2O 2.2%, Na2O 4.96%, and Li2O 0.17%.

[0012] Preferably, the Huangtian sand is an aluminous sand with an aluminum content greater than 20%, which acts as a skeleton in the formula, has a whiteness of 70 to 73°, and a strength of 1.8 to 2.2 MPa; the chemical composition of the Huangtian sand is composed of the following components by weight: LOI 7.83%, SiO2 68.83%, Al2O3 21.78%, Fe2O3 0.38%, CaO 0.17%, MgO 0.11%, K2O0.7%, and Na2O 0.2%.

[0013] Preferably, the chemical composition of the talc consists of the following components by weight: LOI 6.03%, SiO2 58.24%, Al2O3 10.08%, Fe2O3 1.47%, CaO 0.53%, MgO 23.01%, K2O 0.23%, and Na2O 0.41%.

[0014] Another technical solution of the present invention is the method for preparing ceramic tiles without binder and raw ore mud, which is special in that it includes the following steps:

[0015] ⑴Ball milling;

[0016] ⑵Multi-stage differentiation, screening, homogenization and aging;

[0017] (3) Spray granulation: the powder obtained has a moisture content of 6.8-7.3%, a bulk density of 0.88-0.9 g / ml, and a particle size distribution of: 20 mesh or more: ≤2%, 40 mesh or more: 50±5%, 60 mesh or more: 70-78%, 80 mesh or more: 97-97.5%, and 100 mesh or less: ≤3%;

[0018] (4) Pressing and forming, punching speed: 6.5-8.3 times / min, maximum pressure of main cylinder: 36.5-38.5MPa;

[0019] (5) Carry out surface decoration, including base glaze, inkjet printing and top glaze;

[0020] ⑹ High temperature firing, the maximum firing temperature is 1050~1110℃, and the firing time is 45~60min.

[0021] As an example: the step (1) further comprises:

[0022] (1.1) Pre-grinding and slurrying the ultrafine lithium tailings: weigh the ultrafine lithium tailings and place them in a single ball mill. 36% water is added for ball milling. Due to the fine particles of the ultrafine lithium tailings being easily agglomerated, in order to prevent the ultrafine lithium tailings from agglomerating and wrapping around the balls during the slurrying process, and thus failing to achieve the pre-grinding and slurrying effect, the ball mill is mainly filled with Φ40 balls. The slurry is discharged after 10-15 minutes. The slurry is then passed through a 40-mesh sieve to remove obvious impurities mixed in the ultrafine lithium tailings. The sieved ultrafine lithium tailings slurry is then fed into a mixing tank.

[0023] (1.2) Weigh zero-strength lithium tailings, Huangtian sand, and talc according to the formula, convert the ultrafine lithium tailings slurry into the formula ratio using a flow meter, add 15-20% water, and add them into a continuous ball mill for ball milling. Ball mill to a fineness of 1.6-2.0% on a 325 mesh sieve, and release the slurry. The specific gravity is controlled at 1.70-1.73.

[0024] As an example, the step (2) further comprises:

[0025] (2.1) Perform primary screening. The slurry coming out of the ball mill is screened through a 60-mesh sieve while being discharged, and then enters the primary homogenization tank. In order to prevent the precipitation of fine particles in the slurry and better present the impurities in the slurry, the stirring speed of the mixer in the primary homogenization tank is 6 rpm, and the homogenization is aged for 12 hours;

[0026] (2.2) Perform secondary screening. The slurry from the primary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer sieve with an upper sieve of 80 mesh and a lower sieve of 90 mesh. The slurry enters the secondary homogenization tank and is homogenized and aged for 12 hours.

[0027] (2.3) Perform three-stage screening. The slurry coming out of the secondary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer screen with an upper screen of 100 mesh and a lower screen of 120 mesh. Then enter the third-stage homogenization tank and homogenize and age for 4 hours.

[0028] (2.4) Perform four-stage screening and sieve the slurry coming out of the three-stage homogenization tank through 120 mesh. After screening, send it to the spray tower slurry pipeline.

[0029] Another technical solution of the present invention is a ceramic tile that does not contain a binder and raw ore mud. The special feature of the ceramic tile is that it is prepared by any of the above-mentioned preparation methods.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The ceramic body formula designed by the present invention does not contain binders and raw ore mud, and is doped with a large amount of lithium tailings formed after secondary lithium extraction. It can greatly reduce the use of ordinary raw ore mud materials in ceramic production, solve the industry's dependence on raw ore mud, and realize the continuous production of ceramic tiles at 1050-1100°C. The carbon content in the formula is only 0.07-0.08%, and there will be no black heart phenomenon. The whiteness of the body after firing can reach 25°, which is 5-6° whiter than the current conventional 20° body. It can fully meet the production requirements for the whiteness of the body and has extremely high economic and environmental benefits.

[0032] (2) The present invention utilizes the characteristics of ultrafine lithium tailings and Huangtian sand raw materials with high flexural strength. Through application in the blank, zero addition of raw ore mud and binder materials to the blank is achieved, without considering the high cost of auxiliary materials and the performance of bentonite slurry, and solves the problems of excessive sintering temperature and black heart caused by excessive introduction of clay in the ceramic production process.

[0033] ⑶ The present invention removes fibrous impurities from the lithium tailings raw materials after secondary lithium extraction by performing a multi-stage differentiation and screening process on the mud, solves the problems of pores and bulging caused by the introduction of lithium tailings, and thus realizes the industrial application of lithium tailings after secondary lithium extraction.

[0034] (4) Since organic impurities are difficult to be ground finely during the ball milling process, in order to separate the organic impurities in the lithium tailings after the secondary lithium extraction, the present invention grinds the mud finer, grinds the ceramic green body mud without binder and original ore mud to a fineness of 1.6-2.0% on a 325-mesh sieve, while the fineness of the conventional green body mud is only 2.6-3.5% on a 325-mesh sieve, distinguishes the mud and organic impurities, and then performs sieving separation, which can effectively separate the organic impurities in the lithium tailings after the secondary lithium extraction, and avoid defects such as holes and bulging in subsequent processes.

[0035] (5) The present invention performs multi-stage differentiation and screening to screen out almost all the impurities contained in the lithium tailings formed after the secondary lithium extraction, thereby achieving a carbon content of 0.07-0.08% in the formula, preventing black core during high-temperature firing, and the whiteness of the single-fired green body can reach 24-26°. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments:

[0037] The ceramic body does not contain a binder and raw ore mud, and is composed of the following components by weight: 55 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 15 parts of Huangtian sand, and 10 parts of talc; the corresponding chemical composition is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 4.07%, SiO2 75.50%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.16%, CaO 0.06%, MgO 2.57%, K2O 0.03%, Na2O 0.04%, and Li2O 0.14%.

[0038] The ultrafine lithium tailings are lithium tailings with fine particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and with relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization. The particle size distribution is: D10=2.43μm, D25=6.01μm, D50=13.89μm, D75=29.49μm, D90=49.69μm; the particle fineness is 13% on a 325-mesh sieve (much smaller than the 40-50% on a 325-mesh sieve of normal raw ore mud), the strength is 2.2MPa, and the whiteness is 25°. The chemical composition corresponding to the ultrafine lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight: LOI 3.87%, SiO2 70.12%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.73%, CaO0.43%, MgO 1.77%, K2O 1.9%, Na2O 3.5%, Li2O 0.25%.

[0039] The zero-strength lithium tailings are lithium tailings with slightly coarse particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization. The particle size distribution is: D10 = 2.79 μm, D25 = 8.15 μm, D50 = 20.19 μm, D75 = 39.17 μm, D90 = 58.33 μm; the particle fineness is 25% on a 325-mesh sieve (smaller than the 40-50% on a 325-mesh sieve of normal raw ore mud particle fineness), the strength is 0, and the whiteness is 75°. The chemical composition corresponding to the zero-strength lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 0.83%, SiO2 78.48%, Al2O3 12.78%, Fe2O3 0.12%, CaO 0.35%, MgO0.11%, K2O 2.2%, Na2O 4.96%, and Li2O 0.17%.

[0040] The Huangtian sand is an aluminous sand with an aluminum content of more than 20%, which plays a skeleton role in the formula, has a whiteness of 71° and a strength of 2.2 MPa; the chemical composition of the Huangtian sand is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 7.83%, SiO2 68.83%, Al2O3 21.78%, Fe2O3 0.38%, CaO 0.17%, MgO 0.11%, K2O 0.7%, and Na2O 0.2%.

[0041] The chemical composition of the talc consists of the following components by weight: LOI 6.03%, SiO2 58.24%, Al2O3 10.08%, Fe2O3 1.47%, CaO 0.53%, MgO 23.01%, K2O 0.23%, and Na2O 0.41%.

[0042] The method for preparing ceramic tiles without binder and raw ore mud comprises the following steps:

[0043] ⑴Ball milling;

[0044] (1.1) Pre-grinding and slurrying the ultrafine lithium tailings: weigh the ultrafine lithium tailings and place them in a single ball mill. 36% water is added for ball milling. Due to the fine particles of the ultrafine lithium tailings being easily agglomerated, in order to prevent the ultrafine lithium tailings from agglomerating and wrapping around the balls during the slurrying process, and thus failing to achieve the pre-grinding and slurrying effect, the ball mill is mainly filled with Φ40 balls. The slurry is discharged after 12 minutes. The slurry is screened through a 40-mesh sieve while being discharged to remove obvious impurities in the ultrafine lithium tailings. The sieved ultrafine lithium tailings slurry is then fed into a mixing tank.

[0045] (1.2) Weigh zero-strength lithium tailings, Huangtian sand, and talc according to the formula, convert the ultrafine lithium tailings slurry into the formula ratio using a flow meter, add 18% water, and add them into a continuous ball mill for ball milling. Ball mill to a fineness of 1.8±0.1% on a 325-mesh sieve, and release the slurry. The specific gravity is controlled at 1.71-1.72.

[0046] ⑵Multi-stage differentiation, screening, homogenization and aging;

[0047] (2.1) Perform primary screening. The slurry coming out of the ball mill is screened through a 60-mesh sieve while being discharged, and then enters the primary homogenization tank. In order to prevent the precipitation of fine particles in the slurry and better present the impurities in the slurry, the stirring speed of the mixer in the primary homogenization tank is 6 rpm, and the homogenization is aged for 12 hours;

[0048] (2.2) Perform secondary screening. The slurry from the primary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer sieve with an upper sieve of 80 mesh and a lower sieve of 90 mesh. The slurry enters the secondary homogenization tank and is homogenized and aged for 12 hours.

[0049] (2.3) Perform three-stage screening. The slurry coming out of the secondary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer screen with an upper screen of 100 mesh and a lower screen of 120 mesh. The slurry enters the tertiary homogenization tank and is homogenized and aged for 4 hours.

[0050] (2.4) Perform four-stage screening, and sieve the slurry coming out of the three-stage homogenization tank with 120 mesh, and then send it to the spray tower slurry pipeline after screening;

[0051] (3) Spray granulation, the powder obtained: moisture 7.0±0.1%, bulk density: 0.9g / ml, particle size distribution: 20 mesh: ≤2%, 40 mesh: 50±5%, 60 mesh: 74-78%, 80 mesh: 97-97.5%, 100 mesh: ≤3%;

[0052] (4) Pressing molding, punching speed 6.5 times / minute, maximum pressure of main cylinder: 38.5MPa;

[0053] (5) Carry out surface decoration, including base glaze, inkjet printing and top glaze;

[0054] ⑹ High temperature firing, the maximum firing temperature is 1080℃, and the firing time is 55min.

[0055] The ceramic bricks containing no binder and raw ore mud are prepared by any of the above-mentioned preparation methods.

[0056] The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic body without binder and raw ore mud, characterized in that: The ore body is composed of the following components by weight: 55-65 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 10-20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 12-18 parts of Huangtian sand, and 8-12 parts of talc; the corresponding chemical composition is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 3.79-5.57%, SiO2 69.81-76.37%, Al2O3 16.54-18.84%, Fe2O3 0.14-0.57%, CaO 0.05-0.45%, MgO 2.17-3.58%, K2O 0.02-0.52%, Na2O 0.04-0.56%, and Li2O 0.14-0.25%; The ultrafine lithium tailings are lithium tailings with fine particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and with relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization. The particle size distribution is: D10=2.43μm, D25=6.01μm, D50=13.89μm, D75=29.49μm, D90=49.69μm; the particle fineness is 10-15% on the 325 mesh sieve, the strength is between 2.0 and 2.2MPa, and the whiteness is 25-27°. The chemical composition corresponding to the ultrafine lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 3.87%, SiO2 70.12%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.73%, CaO 0.43%, MgO 1.77%, K2O 1.9%, Na2O 3.5%, and Li2O 0.25%; The zero-strength lithium tailings are lithium tailings with slightly coarse particles formed after secondary lithium extraction and relatively stable chemical composition after multiple homogenization. The particle size distribution is: D10=2.79μm, D25=8.15μm, D50=20.19μm, D75=39.17μm, D90=58.33μm; the particle fineness is 18-25% on the 325 mesh sieve, the strength is 0, and the whiteness is 75-78°. The chemical composition corresponding to the zero-strength lithium tailings is composed of the following components by weight percentage: LOI 0.83%, SiO2 78.48%, Al2O3 12.78%, Fe2O3 0.12%, CaO 0.35%, MgO 0.11%, K2O 2.2%, Na2O 4.96%, Li2O 0.17%; The Huangtian sand is an aluminous sand with an aluminum content of more than 20%. It plays a skeleton role in the formula, has a whiteness of 70-73°, and a strength of 1.8-2.2 MPa. The chemical composition of the Huangtian sand is composed of the following components by weight: LOI 7.83%, SiO2 68.83%, Al2O3 21.78%, Fe2O3 0.38%, CaO 0.17%, MgO 0.11%, K2O 0.7%, and Na2O 0.2%.

2. The ceramic body according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic body does not contain a binder and raw ore mud, The ceramic body is further composed of the following components by weight: 55 parts of ultrafine lithium tailings, 20 parts of zero-strength lithium tailings, 15 parts of Huangtian sand, and 10 parts of talc; and the corresponding chemical composition by weight percentage is composed of the following components: LOI 4.07%, SiO2 75.50%, Al2O3 17.43%, Fe2O3 0.16%, CaO 0.06%, MgO 2.57%, K2O 0.03%, Na2O 0.04%, and Li2O 0.14%.

3. The ceramic body according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic body does not contain a binder and raw ore mud, The chemical composition of the talc consists of the following components by weight: LOI 6.03%, SiO2 58.24%, Al2O3 10.08%, Fe2O3 1.47%, CaO 0.53%, MgO 23.01%, K2O 0.23%, and Na2O 0.41%.

4. A method for preparing a ceramic tile comprising a ceramic body free of binder and raw ore mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ⑴Ball milling; ⑵Multi-stage differentiation, screening, homogenization and aging; (3) Spray granulation: the powder obtained has a moisture content of 6.8-7.3%, a bulk density of 0.88-0.9 g / ml, and a particle size distribution of: 20 mesh and above: ≤2%, 40 mesh and above: 50±5%, 60 mesh and above: 70-78%, 80 mesh and above: 97-97.5%, and 100 mesh and below: ≤3%; (4) Pressing and forming, punching speed: 6.5-8.3 times / min, maximum pressure of main cylinder: 36.5-38.5MPa; (5) Carry out surface decoration, including base glaze, inkjet printing and top glaze; ⑹ High temperature firing, the maximum firing temperature is 1050~1110℃, and the firing time is 45~60min.

5. The method for preparing a ceramic tile having a ceramic body free of binder and raw ore mud according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step (1) further comprises: (1.1) Pre-grinding and slurrying the ultrafine lithium tailings: weigh the ultrafine lithium tailings and place them in a single ball mill. 36% water is added for ball milling. Due to the fine particles of the ultrafine lithium tailings being easily agglomerated, in order to prevent the ultrafine lithium tailings from agglomerating and wrapping around the balls during the slurrying process, and thus failing to achieve the pre-grinding and slurrying effect, the ball mill is mainly filled with Φ40 balls. The slurry is discharged after 10-15 minutes. The slurry is then passed through a 40-mesh sieve to remove obvious impurities mixed in the ultrafine lithium tailings. The sieved ultrafine lithium tailings slurry is then fed into a mixing tank. (1.2) Weigh zero-strength lithium tailings, Huangtian sand, and talc according to the formula, convert the ultrafine lithium tailings slurry into the formula ratio using a flow meter, add 15-20% water, and add them into a continuous ball mill for ball milling. Ball mill to a fineness of 1.6-2.0% on a 325 mesh sieve, and release the slurry. The specific gravity is controlled at 1.70-1.

73.

6. The method for preparing a ceramic tile having a ceramic body free of binder and raw ore mud according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step (2) further comprises: (2.1) Perform primary screening. The slurry coming out of the ball mill is screened through a 60-mesh sieve while being discharged, and then enters the primary homogenization tank. In order to prevent the precipitation of fine particles in the slurry and better present the impurities in the slurry, the stirring speed of the mixer in the primary homogenization tank is 6 rpm, and the homogenization is aged for 12 hours; (2.2) Perform secondary screening. The slurry from the primary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer sieve with an upper sieve of 80 mesh and a lower sieve of 90 mesh. The slurry enters the secondary homogenization tank and is homogenized and aged for 12 hours. (2.3) Perform three-stage screening. The slurry coming out of the secondary homogenization tank is screened through a double-layer screen with an upper screen of 100 mesh and a lower screen of 120 mesh. The slurry enters the tertiary homogenization tank and is homogenized and aged for 4 hours. (2.4) Perform four-stage screening and sieve the slurry coming out of the three-stage homogenization tank through 120 mesh. After screening, send it to the spray tower slurry pipeline.

7. A ceramic tile free of binder and raw ore mud, prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6.