Optical assembly, lighting device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical assembly comprising: a light source (101) configured to emit light; the light guide unit (102) is configured to receive and guide light rays emitted by the light source (101) and emit the light rays from a light emitting surface of the light guide unit (102); the back plate (103) is configured to provide support for the light guide unit (102); wherein the optical assembly (100) is configured to produce a light distribution pattern. The invention further provides a lighting device and a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lamps, and in particular to an optical component, a lighting device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Lighting devices are used to provide light for lighting and / or optical indication functions and are widely used in various fields. For example, lighting devices such as headlights are used in vehicles to ensure safe driving. Various types of headlights are often required on vehicles to achieve different functions, including headlights, fog lights, taillights, turn signals, brake lights, side marker lights, parking lights, etc.

[0003] Simple flat or static lighting can no longer meet customer requirements. In addition, lighting devices that can display patterns, such as text, symbols or specific graphics, are beneficial for information interaction between vehicles and other traffic participants. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical component, a lighting device and a vehicle, which can at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The present invention discloses an optical component, comprising: a light source, which is configured to emit light; a light guide unit, which is configured to receive and guide the light emitted by the light source and emit the light from the light emitting surface of the light guide unit; and a back panel, which is configured to provide support for the light guide unit, wherein the optical component is configured to generate a light distribution pattern.

[0006] In some embodiments, the optical assembly further includes a transparent front plate, which is disposed on a light emitting side of the light guide unit and is configured to transmit light from the light emitting surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, a light-transmitting pattern is disposed on the transparent front plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting pattern is disposed on the light-incident surface or the light-exiting surface of the transparent front plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting pattern is formed by applying a light-shielding layer on the transparent front plate and then removing the light-shielding layer at the pattern position.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light shielding layer is a metal locking layer, and the removal of the metal locking layer at the pattern position is achieved by a laser etching process.

[0011] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting pattern is achieved by spraying black paint at locations outside the light-transmitting pattern.

[0012] In some embodiments, the transparent front plate is colorless, red, or pink.

[0013] In some embodiments, the optical assembly further includes a scattering layer, wherein the scattering layer is arranged between the light guide unit and the transparent front plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, an optical microstructure is disposed on the scattering layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, a light-transmitting pattern is formed on the scattering layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting pattern on the scattering layer is realized by a printing process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the light guiding unit includes at least a first portion and a second portion, and the at least first portion and the second portion are arranged at a certain angle to each other.

[0018] In some embodiments, the angle between adjacent parts of the light guiding unit is an obtuse angle.

[0019] In some embodiments, a rib is disposed between the at least first portion and the second portion to separate the at least first portion from the second portion.

[0020] In some embodiments, the ribs are integrally formed with the back plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the rib extends along the entire length direction of the light guide unit, and the length of the rib exceeds the light incident end of the light guide unit.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a lighting device, comprising any one of the optical components described above.

[0023] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned lighting device.

[0024] According to the optical assembly of the present invention, by forming a pattern on a transparent front plate or a scattering film, the visual effect can be enhanced, and information exchange between vehicles and other traffic participants can be facilitated. Safety is improved. By arranging different parts of the light guide unit at an angle, a three-dimensional light emitting effect can be obtained while achieving surface light emission. Moreover, by arranging different parts of the light guide unit separately using ribs, individual control between different parts can be achieved and light leakage between adjacent parts can be avoided, so that a satisfactory dynamic light emitting effect can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention will be further described below in a clear and understandable manner through the description of preferred embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1A front view of an optical assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 A side view of the optical assembly in FIG. 1 is shown;

[0028] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an optical component according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 An example of a light-transmitting pattern formed on a transparent front plate of an optical component according to the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 An example of a light-transmitting pattern formed on a diffusion film of an optical component according to the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 A front view showing a second embodiment of an optical assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 Shows Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the optical assembly;

[0033] Figure 8 Shows Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a back plate and a light guide element of an optical assembly;

[0034] Fig. 9 Shown according to Figure 6 An example of an optical component of an embodiment, wherein a light-transmitting pattern is formed on a transparent front plate;

[0035] Fig.10 Shown according to Figure 6 An example of an optical component of an embodiment, in which a light-transmitting pattern is formed on a diffusion film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are exemplarily described below. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative and non-restrictive in nature. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals generally represent elements with the same or similar functions.

[0037] The optical component 100 can be used for one or more functions including turn signals, brake lights, side marker lights, parking lights, reversing lights, daytime running lights, position lights, grille lights, etc., and can be particularly suitable for the tail light function. Here, this light function is not particularly limited.

[0038] The lighting device may include at least one optical component 100 according to the present invention, each optical component 100 is used to achieve a specific light function, and they can be staggered to achieve a specific shape. Of course, it can be understood that the lighting device can include any number of optical components 100, and these optical components 100 can be arranged arbitrarily according to the shape requirements.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical assembly 100 includes a light source 101, a light guide unit 102, and a back plate 103. The light source 101 is mounted on a printed circuit board 200 to emit light toward the light guide unit 102. The light source 101 is, for example but not limited to, an LED light source, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the light guide unit 102 is roughly plate-shaped, including an end face and a front surface and a rear surface connected by the end face, wherein light from the light source 101 is incident from the end face into the interior of the light guide unit 102, and propagates between the front surface and the rear surface of the light guide unit 102 and toward the opposite end of the end face. During this period, the light is emitted from the front surface of the light guide unit 102 along the main light emitting direction H, that is, the front surface serves as the light emitting surface of the light guide unit 102, thereby achieving a surface luminous effect.

[0040] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the light source 101 and the light guide unit 102 cooperate to achieve a surface luminous effect, which can greatly reduce the cost compared to an OLED solution.

[0041] In addition, for the light guide unit 102, part of the light will leak out from the rear surface of the light guide unit 102, thereby reducing the optical efficiency. Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the optical assembly 100 further includes a back plate 103, which is disposed on a side close to the rear surface of the light guide unit 102, i.e., on a side opposite to the front surface, and is configured to reflect the light leaking from the rear surface toward the front surface. In an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the back plate 103 on the back side of the light guide unit 102 to reflect the light leaking from the light guide unit 102, it is beneficial to improve the optical efficiency and the uniformity of the luminous effect. In some alternative examples, the back plate 103 is disposed on the same side of the light guide unit 102 as the rear surface, and is configured to support the light guide unit 102 without providing a reflection function (for example, but not limited to, when the light of the light guide unit 102 does not leak from the rear surface).

[0042] In some examples, for example but not limitation, the back plate may be selected to have a reflective color and / or material, such as a white back plate, or other suitable color.

[0043] In an alternative example, the back plate 103 may include a reflective layer, in which case the back plate 103 may be selected to be a non-reflective color and / or material. The reflective layer is disposed between the back plate 103 and the light guide unit 102, and is configured to reflect the light from the light guide unit 102 toward the light exit surface. The back plate 103 and the reflective layer may be formed integrally, for example but not limited to, by an injection molding process (secondary injection molding, in-mold injection molding, etc.) or a spraying process, or the two may be formed separately.

[0044] In some examples, after the light from the light source 101 enters the light guide unit 102, it will propagate through total reflection. In order to make the light emerge from the front surface of the light guide unit 102, the light guide unit 102 may include scattering particles. The light from the light source 101 may be scattered in different directions by the scattering particles, thereby destroying the total reflection condition of the light, so that the light emerges from the front surface of the light guide unit 102. This light guide unit with scattering particles has good light diffusion characteristics and can achieve a very uniform light lighting effect. As a non-limiting example, this type of light guide unit can be made of, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), such as a light guide with the brand name LED 8N LD12, LD24, LD48, LD96, or can be made of polycarbonate (PC), such as a light guide with the brand name EL2245, and its color can be selected as needed, for example, but not limited to, colorless, light red, red, etc.

[0045] In an alternative example, an optical decoupling element may be provided on the rear surface of the light guide unit 102 to destroy the total reflection condition of the light, and examples of the optical decoupling element include but are not limited to protrusions, depressions, serrations, leather grains, stripes, squares, and the like.

[0046] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the light incident end of the light guide unit 102 is arc-shaped and convex toward the light source, so that the light from the light source 101 is guided to be incident on the rear surface of the light guide unit 102 .

[0047] In some examples, at least a portion of the rear surface of the light guide unit 102 is inclined toward the front surface of the light guide unit 102, and the light incident from the end face of the light guide unit 102 reaches the rear surface and is reflected toward the front surface 220, thereby emitting through the front surface. Furthermore, the rear surface of the light guide unit may include a plurality of total reflection facets, and the total reflection facets are configured to totally reflect the light incident through the arc-shaped end face toward the front surface of the light guide unit 102. In this way, the uniformity of the lighting effect can be improved while improving the optical efficiency. In a preferred example, the size of the total reflection facet is less than 0.5 mm to obtain better uniformity.

[0048] In some examples, such as Figure 3As shown, the light guide unit 102 has a gradually decreasing thickness in the light incident direction (the thickness is the size of the light guide unit 102 in the main light emitting direction). The light from the light source 101 is gradually lost when propagating along the light incident direction E (for example, due to light absorption and light leakage of the light guide unit 102), so that the light guide unit 102 has a gradually decreasing thickness in the light incident direction E, which can reduce the loss of light at a smaller thickness, so that the overall loss tends to be consistent, so that the light guide unit 102 has a more uniform surface luminous effect.

[0049] It should be noted that although Figure 1-3 It is shown that the light source 101 enters light only from one end face of the light guide unit 102, but it can be understood that it can also enter light from two opposite end faces of the light guide unit 102 at the same time, and even from three end faces, four end faces or more end faces of the light guide unit 102 at the same time. Moreover, the printed circuit board 200 may include multiple light sources 101 arranged along the end faces of the light guide unit 102.

[0050] The optical assembly 100 is configured to generate a light distribution pattern to produce a patterned lighting effect to meet different needs.

[0051] In one embodiment, Figure 1-3 As shown, the optical assembly 100 further includes a transparent front plate 105, which is disposed on the front side of the light guide unit 102, i.e., the same side as the front surface, and is configured to transmit light from the front surface. The transparent front plate 105 can protect the light guide unit 102, and can prevent the light guide unit 102 from being damaged or scratched. The color of the transparent front plate can be selected as needed, such as red, pink, colorless, etc., and the present invention does not make specific limitations.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a light-transmitting pattern 107 may be provided on the transparent front plate 105 to enrich the lighting effect of the optical component 100, facilitate information interaction between vehicles and other traffic participants, and improve safety. Figure 4 The schematic example of the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate of the optical component 100 according to the present invention is shown. The light-transmitting pattern 107 can also be any other desired design, such as a triangle, a hexagon, a car logo, or any other suitable shape and pattern, and its size, interval, shape, etc. can be selected according to actual needs, and its arrangement, such as gradient, regular arrangement, irregular arrangement, etc., is not specifically limited by the present invention.

[0053] In one example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate 105 can be formed on the light-emitting surface of the transparent front plate 105. The light-transmitting pattern 107 is arranged on the outer surface of the transparent front plate 105 so that the pattern is closer to the vehicle body, thereby ensuring the clarity of the pattern when lit, and also ensuring that the pattern has a clearer outline in the unlit state, thereby increasing the aesthetics and recognition.

[0054] In another example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate 105 may also be formed on the light-incident surface of the transparent front plate 105. Providing the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the inner surface of the transparent front plate 105 can effectively avoid damage and ensure the effect of the light-transmitting pattern 107.

[0055] In a specific example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 is formed by applying a light-shielding layer on the transparent front plate 105 and then removing the light-shielding layer at the pattern position. Specifically, the light-shielding layer can be a metal lock layer, and the removal of the metal lock layer at the pattern position is achieved by a laser etching process. More specifically, the metal lock layer can be any suitable lock layer such as an aluminum lock layer, a chromium lock layer, etc. By using a metal lock layer to form a pattern on the transparent front plate, the clarity and light-emitting effect of the pattern when lit can be guaranteed, and the clear outline of the pattern itself can be guaranteed.

[0056] In another example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 can also be realized by adding a mask to the transparent front plate 105 and then spraying black paint. This method can meet the patterned light output requirements at a lower cost.

[0057] In another example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 can also be realized by applying an additional film with a pattern on the transparent front plate 105. In another example, the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate 105 can also be formed when the transparent front plate 105 is formed by injection molding or the like. The formation process of the light-transmitting pattern 107 can be in any suitable form, and the present invention does not specifically limit it.

[0058] When the light-transmitting pattern 107 is formed on the light-emitting surface of the transparent front plate 105 , it is preferred to apply an additional layer of protective paint thereon after the pattern is formed to prevent damage to the pattern and to increase its service life.

[0059] In some examples, such as Figure 3As shown, the optical component 100 further includes a scattering layer 106, which is arranged between the light guide unit 102 and the transparent front plate 105. The light from the light guide unit 102 is incident on the scattering layer and is evenly diffused by the scattering layer 106, thereby further improving the uniformity of the lighting effect. The scattering layer 106 can be made of any suitable light-transmitting scattering material, for example, but not limited to, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), etc. The scattering layer 106 can be formed integrally with the light guide unit 102 and / or the transparent front plate 105 or separately.

[0060] In a specific example, an optical microstructure is disposed on the scattering layer 106 to scatter the light from the light guide unit 102. As required, the morphology, size, density, distribution, etc. of the optical microstructure on the scattering layer 106 can be adjusted to obtain different scattering effects.

[0061] Preferably, the scattering angle of the scattering layer 106 is greater than 50 degrees and the transmittance is greater than 85% to ensure uniformity of the lighting effect.

[0062] In another example, an optical microstructure is provided on one side of the transparent front plate 105 close to the light guide unit 102 to achieve the scattering effect achieved by the scattering layer 106, thereby achieving scattering of the light from the light guide unit 102 without providing the scattering layer 106. Similar to the case of the scattering layer 106, the scattering angle of the optical microstructure provided on one side of the transparent front plate 105 close to the light guide unit 102 is preferably greater than 50 degrees, and the transmittance is preferably greater than 85% to ensure the uniformity of the lighting effect. The scattering microstructure on the transparent front plate 105 can be formed together when the transparent front plate 105 is formed by a process such as injection molding. Such a setting can save costs and simplify the assembly process.

[0063] In one embodiment, the light-transmitting pattern 107 may be formed on the scattering layer 106 . Figure 5 The schematic example of forming the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the scattering layer 106 is shown. Providing the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the scattering layer 106 can effectively avoid damage and ensure the effect and life of the light-transmitting pattern 107.

[0064] In some examples, the scattering layer 106 is a flexible scattering film. Such a configuration can easily form a light-transmitting pattern of a complex shape on the scattering layer 106 and ensure the fit with the light guide unit 102 and the transparent front plate 105 to obtain an ideal lighting effect.

[0065] In a specific example, the light-transmitting pattern on the scattering layer 106 is realized by a printing process. Of course, the light-transmitting pattern on the scattering layer 106 can also be realized by any other suitable process, and the present invention does not impose too many restrictions.

[0066] The scattering layer 105 preferably has a small thickness. In some examples, the scattering layer 105 is configured as a scattering film. Since the scattering layer 106 has a thin thickness, the shape of the scattering layer 106 can be adjusted according to the shape of the light guide unit 102 to better fit the light guide unit 102, thereby ensuring the lighting effect of the light-transmitting pattern.

[0067] Although Figure 4 and Figure 5 Different examples are given for the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate 105 and the scattering layer 106, but those skilled in the art know that these examples are merely schematic illustrations of the light-transmitting pattern and do not constitute any limitation on the light-transmitting pattern.

[0068] Generally, a patterned lighting effect can be achieved by forming the light-transmitting pattern 107 on the transparent front plate 105 or the scattering layer 106. However, according to different requirements, light-transmitting patterns can be formed on both the transparent front plate 105 and the scattering layer 106, respectively, to produce a richer effect, such as a three-dimensional pattern, by superimposing the patterns.

[0069] The light guide unit 102 may have a substantially flat shape, or may have a curved shape as required. When the light guide unit 102 has a curved shape, other components of the optical assembly 100 are adapted to it accordingly.

[0070] Figure 6-10 A second embodiment of the light-emitting component 100 according to the present invention is shown. The light-guiding unit 102 includes at least a first portion 1021 and a second portion 1022, and the at least first portion 1021 and the second portion 1022 are arranged at a certain angle to each other. A lighting effect with a stereoscopic vision can be obtained by arranging the first portion 1021 and the second portion 1022 at an angle to each other. The angle between the at least first portion 1021 and the second portion 1022 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the present invention does not limit it. However, it should be noted that when the light-guiding unit 102 includes different portions arranged at an angle, the shape of the back panel 103 should also be adjusted accordingly to fit the light-guiding unit 102.

[0071] In a preferred example, the angle between adjacent parts in the light guiding unit 102 is an obtuse angle, that is, at least two parts of the light guiding unit 102 are in a concave light emitting surface shape. Such a setting can obtain higher brightness and improve the efficiency of the light source 101.

[0072] exist Figure 6 - Figure 8In the example shown, the light guide unit 102 is divided into three parts, and the different parts of the light guide unit 102 are represented by 1021, 1022 and 1023 in the accompanying drawings, but those skilled in the art know that the number of parts of the light guide unit 102 can be selected according to actual needs, such as being divided into two parts, three parts, four parts, or more parts to obtain different shapes and effects.

[0073] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the optical component at AA. Figure 7 At least the first part 1021 and the second part 1022 of the light guide unit 102 are separate parts, and each part corresponds to an independently controllable light source 101. By separately arranging different parts of the light guide unit 102, it is possible to achieve separate control of lighting and extinguishing between different parts, so that different shapes and dynamic lighting effects can be achieved. The lighting and extinguishing of different parts of the light guide unit 102 are achieved by separately controlling the light sources 101 on the corresponding positions of the printed circuit board 200.

[0074] In one example, the angle between adjacent parts of the light guide unit 102 is an obtuse angle, such as Figure 7 As shown, at least two parts of the light guide unit 102 are in the shape of a concave light emitting surface. In another example, different parts of the light guide unit can also be arranged on the same plane to achieve a planar lighting effect. By separately setting different parts of the light guide unit 102, it is possible to achieve separate control of lighting and extinguishing between different parts, thereby achieving different shapes and dynamic lighting effects.

[0075] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 For the sake of illustration, Figure 8 The light source 101 is omitted, and only the light guide unit 102, the back plate 103 and the ribs 104 are shown. Figure 3 Taking the light guide unit 102 shown as including three parts as an example, you can choose to light up only one part of the light guide unit 102, or two parts thereof, or light up all parts at the same time, or light up the above-mentioned different parts in a certain order, etc. The specific settings can be made as needed, and the present invention is not limited.

[0076] Preferably, if Figure 8 As shown, a rib 104 is provided between the at least first portion 1021 and the second portion 1022 to separate the at least first portion 1021 from the second portion 1022. The rib 104 is preferably formed of a light-proof material to prevent light from being transmitted between different portions of the light guide unit 100.

[0077] In one example, if Figure 8As shown, the ribs 104 between different parts of the light guide unit 102 extend along the entire length of the light guide unit 102. Such an arrangement can prevent adjacent parts of the light guide unit 102 from generating cross-light, thereby affecting the final light output effect.

[0078] In one example, the length of the rib 104 exceeds the light incident end of the light guide unit 102 to prevent the light from the light source 101 from interfering with the adjacent part of the light guide unit 102 .

[0079] In one example, the ribs 104 are integrally formed with the back plate 103 to simplify the manufacturing process.

[0080] In one example, the height of the rib 104 is preferably adapted to the thickness of the light guide unit 102, so as to avoid increasing the thickness of the optical component 100 while avoiding crosstalk. Figure 8 As shown, the rib 104 preferably has a width that decreases as the distance from the back plate 103 increases, so as to adapt to the concave shape formed between different parts of the light guide unit 100 and also facilitate processing.

[0081] It should be noted that although Figure 6 It is shown that the light source 101 enters light only from one end face of the light guide unit 102, but it can be understood that it can also enter light from two opposite end faces of the light guide unit 102 at the same time, and the printed circuit board 200 can include multiple light sources 101 arranged along the end face of the light guide unit 102.

[0082] The light emitting assembly 100 in the second embodiment may also include a transparent front plate 105. The transparent front plate 105 has the same or similar design as that in the first embodiment, except that the shape of the transparent front plate 105 in the second embodiment matches the design of the light guide unit 102 accordingly.

[0083] The light emitting assembly 100 in the second embodiment may also include a scattering layer 106. The scattering layer 106 has the same or similar design as that in the first embodiment, except that the shape of the scattering layer 106 in the second embodiment matches the design of the light guide unit 102 accordingly.

[0084] According to the optical component of the present invention, by forming a pattern on the transparent front plate or the scattering film, the visual effect can be further enhanced, and information exchange between vehicles and other traffic participants can be facilitated to improve safety. The combination of the pattern and the three-dimensional dynamic lighting effect can further enrich the lighting effect to meet different needs. By setting different parts of the light guide unit at an angle, a three-dimensional lighting effect can be obtained while achieving surface lighting. Moreover, by using ribs to separate the different parts of the light guide unit, individual control between different parts can be achieved and light leakage between adjacent parts can be avoided, and a satisfactory dynamic lighting effect can be achieved.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an illumination device, comprising any one of the optical components described above.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a vehicle, comprising the lighting device as described above.

[0087] The present invention is not limited to the above structure, and other various variations may also be adopted. Although the present invention has been described through a limited number of embodiments, with the benefit of this disclosure, those skilled in the art may design other embodiments that do not deviate from the protection scope of the present invention disclosed herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall only be limited by the attached claims.

Claims

1. An optical component (100), characterized in that: include: a light source (101) configured to emit light; A light guide unit (102) configured to receive and guide the light emitted by the light source (101), and emit the light from a light emitting surface of the light guide unit (102); A back plate (103) is configured to provide support for the light guide unit (102); wherein The optical component (100) is configured to generate a light distribution pattern.

2. The optical component (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical component (100) further comprises a transparent front plate (105), wherein the transparent front plate (105) is arranged on the light emitting side of the light guide unit (102) and is configured to transmit light from the light emitting surface.

3. The optical component (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A light-transmitting pattern (107) is provided on the transparent front plate (105).

4. The optical component (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light-transmitting pattern (107) is arranged on the light-incident surface or the light-exiting surface of the transparent front plate (105).

5. The optical component (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light-transmitting pattern (107) is formed by applying a light-shielding layer on the transparent front plate (105) and then removing the light-shielding layer at the pattern position.

6. The optical component (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that The light shielding layer is a metal plating layer, and the removal of the metal plating layer at the position of the light-transmitting pattern (107) is achieved through a laser etching process.

7. The optical component (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The transparent front plate (105) is colorless, red or pink.

8. The optical component (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical component (100) further comprises a scattering layer (106), wherein the scattering layer (106) is arranged between the light guide unit (102) and the transparent front plate (105).

9. The optical component (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that: An optical microstructure is arranged on the scattering layer (106).

10. The optical component (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that A light-transmitting pattern (107) is formed on the scattering layer (106).

11. The optical component (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that: The light-transmitting pattern (107) on the scattering layer (106) is realized by a printing process.

12. The optical component (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The light guide unit (102) comprises at least a first part (1021) and a second part (1022), wherein the at least first part (1021) and the second part (1022) are arranged at a certain angle to each other.

13. The optical component (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that: The angle between adjacent parts in the light guiding unit (102) is an obtuse angle.

14. The optical component (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that A rib (104) is provided between the at least first portion (1021) and the second portion (1022) to separate the at least first portion (1021) and the second portion (1022).

15. The optical component (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that The rib (104) is formed integrally with the back plate (103).

16. The optical component (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that The rib (104) extends along the length direction of the light guide unit (102), and the length of the rib (104) exceeds the light incident end of the light guide unit (102).

17. A lighting device, characterized in that: The optical component (100) comprises any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: The optical component comprises the optical component according to any one of claims 1 to 16 or the lighting device according to claim 17.

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