Air pollutant concentration detection device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of air detection, and particularly relates to an air pollutant concentration detection device, which includes a housing. The housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing. A circuit board is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing. A laser detection component is provided on the lower surface of the circuit board. An "M"-shaped channel is arranged inside the lower housing. The "M"-shaped channel includes a "U"-shaped part and a "|"-shaped part. Pressure-receiving parts are provided at the corners of the "U"-shaped part. The pressure-receiving parts detect the air flow pressure flowing through the "U"-shaped part. A piezoelectric air supply component is arranged outside the "U"-shaped part, and a cross-section regulation component is arranged inside the "U"-shaped part; by setting the piezoelectric air supply component and the cross-section regulation component, when the piezoelectric air supply component provides power to the cross-section regulation component, the cross-section regulation component generates deformations in different directions to adjust the cross-sectional area of the "M"-shaped channel, so as to clean the dust adhering in the "U"-shaped part and ensure the accuracy of the detection by the laser detection component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air detection, and in particular to an air pollutant concentration detection device. Background Art

[0002] During construction phases like excavation and concrete pouring, dust pollution is a significant problem, posing a serious challenge to adjacent residential areas. Consequently, real-time dust concentration monitoring is essential. This approach aims to accurately assess environmental pollution levels and quality by monitoring various indicators that reflect environmental quality.

[0003] However, existing dust monitoring equipment generally suffers from simple structural designs, limited functionality, and a lack of flexibility, making it difficult to adjust the observation angle. While some equipment has adjustment capabilities, the adjustment process is cumbersome and complex, making it difficult to operate.

[0004] The Chinese patent application number 202010347332.2 discloses dust monitoring equipment for a dust control system, including a base frame, a crossbeam, a load-bearing plate, an adjustment component, an electrical control box, a dust shield, a lifting component, a digital display component, an installation pole, a rack, a dust detector, a solar panel and a support base. The top end face of the base frame is fixedly installed with four crossbeams by welding, and a load-bearing plate is fixedly installed on the top of every two crossbeams by screws. An adjustment component is provided on the top of the load-bearing plate at one side of the top of the base frame, a lifting component is provided on the top of the adjustment component, and a mounting pole is plugged and installed on the top of the lifting component, and a rack is provided on one side of the outer wall of the mounting pole; the dust monitoring equipment for the dust control system is small in size and easy to install; it can monitor dust with good monitoring effect; at the same time, the monitoring height and direction can be adjusted according to different usage environments, thereby improving the convenience of use.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned equipment can adjust the monitoring height and direction according to different usage environments to achieve effective monitoring of dust, in actual deployment and application, dust detectors generally use dust detection devices as their core components. During the operation of the dust detection device, it usually relies on power devices such as air pumps or fans to continuously pull air samples through the interior of the monitoring equipment. However, during long-term monitoring activities, a certain amount of dust will inevitably be adsorbed inside the monitoring equipment. Over time, the gradual accumulation of dust will significantly affect the accuracy of the monitoring data, especially when dust adheres to the sensitive mirrors of sensors or light receivers, which poses a more serious threat to the accuracy of subsequent monitoring results. In view of this, it is particularly important to regularly clean and maintain the monitoring equipment.

[0006] However, this process not only involves complex disassembly operations, increasing the difficulty and cumbersome nature of the operation, but also in actual operation, it is extremely difficult to accurately judge the cleaning timing. If the cleaning work is carried out too early, it may lead to unnecessary waste of human resources; on the contrary, if the cleaning work is delayed, the accuracy of the monitoring results may be severely damaged due to excessive dust accumulation.

[0007] In view of this, it is particularly crucial and urgent to develop an air pollutant concentration detection device that can effectively overcome the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air pollutant concentration detection device to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An air pollutant concentration detection device, comprising:

[0011] A housing, the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing;

[0012] A circuit board, the circuit board is arranged between the upper housing and the lower housing, a processing circuit is arranged on the upper surface of the circuit board, and a laser detection component is arranged on the lower surface of the circuit board;

[0013] A "mountain"-shaped channel, a "mountain"-shaped channel is arranged inside the lower housing, the "mountain"-shaped channel includes a "凵"-shaped part and a "丨"-shaped part, air flow flows in the "凵"-shaped part, and the laser detection component detects the air flow flowing through the "凵"-shaped part;

[0014] Pressure-receiving parts, pressure-receiving parts are arranged at the corners of the "凵"-shaped part, and the pressure-receiving parts detect the air flow pressure flowing through the "凵"-shaped part;

[0015] A piezoelectric air supply component, a piezoelectric air supply component is arranged outside the "凵"-shaped part;

[0016] A cross-section regulation component, a cross-section regulation component is arranged inside the "凵"-shaped part, when the piezoelectric air supply component provides power to the cross-section regulation component, the cross-section regulation component generates deformations in different directions to adjust the cross-sectional area of the "mountain"-shaped channel.

[0017] Preferably, the laser detection component includes:

[0018] A laser generator, the laser generator is arranged on the lower surface of the circuit board, and after the circuit board and the lower housing are assembled, the laser generator is adapted to the "丨"-shaped part;

[0019] An optical receiver, the optical receiver is arranged outside the laser generator, and after the circuit board and the lower housing are fitted together, the optical receiver is located at the junction of the "|" - shaped part and the "凵" - shaped part.

[0020] Preferably, the cross - section regulating component includes:

[0021] A sealing plate, the sealing plate is arranged inside the lower housing and is fixedly connected to the top of the "山" - shaped channel; a relief groove corresponding to the "凵" - shaped part is provided on the sealing plate;

[0022] A sealing cavity, the sealing cavity includes a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber are distributed on both sides of the "|" - shaped part, and the first chamber and the second chamber are formed by the lower housing, the sealing plate and the "山" - shaped channel.

[0023] Preferably, the cross - section regulating component further includes:

[0024] An installation groove, the installation groove is opened on the inner wall of the "凵" - shaped part;

[0025] An elastic membrane, an elastic membrane is arranged inside the installation groove, and by introducing gas into the sealing cavity, the elastic membrane is forced to expand to change the cross - sectional area of the "凵" - shaped part.

[0026] Preferably, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe do not contact each other.

[0027] Preferably, the piezoelectric air - supply component includes:

[0028] A piezoelectric pump body, the piezoelectric pump body is arranged inside the housing;

[0029] Piezoelectric sheets, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are arranged inside the piezoelectric pump body, and piezoelectric sheets are arranged inside both the upper cavity and the lower cavity. By applying a voltage to the piezoelectric sheets, the piezoelectric sheets are forced to deform to realize the pumping and discharging operation of the piezoelectric pump body.

[0030] Preferably, the piezoelectric air - supply component further includes:

[0031] A first air - suction pipe and a first exhaust pipe, the first air - suction pipe and the first exhaust pipe are arranged on the top of the piezoelectric pump body, both the first air - suction pipe and the first exhaust pipe are connected to the upper cavity, the first exhaust pipe is connected to the first connecting pipe, and the first air - suction pipe is connected to the outside of the lower housing;

[0032] A second air - suction pipe and a second exhaust pipe, the second air - suction pipe and the second exhaust pipe are arranged on the bottom of the piezoelectric pump body, both the second air - suction pipe and the second exhaust pipe are connected to the lower cavity, the second air - suction pipe is connected to the second connecting pipe, and the second exhaust pipe is connected to the outside of the lower housing.

[0033] Preferably, the lower housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is arranged at the air inlet end of the "U"-shaped part; the air outlet is arranged at the air outlet end of the "U"-shaped part. A suction fan connected to the lower housing is provided at the air outlet end of the "U"-shaped part, and the suction fan is connected to the outside of the lower housing.

[0034] Preferably, a blocking component is arranged on the lower housing. The blocking component is distributed at the air inlet and the air outlet of the "U"-shaped part, and the blocking component is used to block the air inlet and the air outlet of the "U"-shaped part.

[0035] Preferably, the blocking component includes:

[0036] A fixing part, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower housing;

[0037] A movable part, which is arranged inside the fixing part. When the movable part is in the extended state, the movable part blocks the air inlet and the air outlet of the "U"-shaped part. When the movable part is in the contracted state, the movable part releases the blocking of the air inlet and the air outlet of the "U"-shaped part.

[0038] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0039] 1. By setting the piezoelectric air supply component and the blocking component in the present invention, when dust accumulates inside the "U"-shaped part, the control system can monitor in real time and automatically start the piezoelectric air supply component for cleaning. This avoids the interference of dust accumulation on the laser detection component and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the equipment; through intermittent air flow impact and the alternating deformation of the piezoelectric sheet, precise cleaning of the blocked area is achieved. At the same time, the vibration generated by the piezoelectric air supply component also helps to loosen the dust on the optical receiver, achieving comprehensive cleaning of the horizontal and flat areas of the "U"-shaped part, and improving the cleanliness and detection accuracy of the equipment.

[0040] 2. By setting the piezoelectric air supply component and the blocking component in the present invention, when the suction fan is blocked, by pausing the operation of the suction fan, blocking the air inlet and the air outlet of the "U"-shaped part, adjusting the working state of the piezoelectric sheet, and controlling the contraction of the elastic membrane, cleaning of the blocked area of the suction fan is achieved. This design not only avoids the reduction of the suction capacity caused by the blockage of the suction fan, but also ensures the smooth flow of air in the "U"-shaped part, thereby ensuring that the laser detection device can accurately judge the dust amount in the air.

[0041] 3. By providing a piezoelectric air supply component and a blocking component, when the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part is blocked, the cleaning of the blocked area of the air inlet is achieved by suspending the operation of the suction fan, blocking the air inlet and outlet of the "凵"-shaped part, adjusting the working state of the piezoelectric sheet, and controlling the expansion of the elastic film. This avoids the problem of poor air flow caused by the blocked air inlet and ensures that the laser detection device can continuously and stably accurately judge the dust amount in the air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main body of the present invention from another perspective;

[0044] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit board of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower housing of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealed cavity of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lower housing of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the first working state of the piezoelectric air supply component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the second working state of the piezoelectric air supply component of the present invention.

[0051] Reference numerals are:

[0052] 1, outer shell; 101, upper housing; 102, lower housing;

[0053] 2, circuit board;

[0054] 3, laser detection component; 301, laser generator; 302, optical receiver;

[0055] 4, "mountain"-shaped channel; 401, "凵"-shaped part; 402, "丨"-shaped part;

[0056] 5, piezoelectric air supply component; 501, piezoelectric pump body; 502, upper cavity; 503, lower cavity; 504, piezoelectric sheet; 505, first suction pipe; 506, first exhaust pipe; 507, second suction pipe; 508, second exhaust pipe;

[0057] 6. Cross-section control component; 601. Sealing plate; 602. Sealing cavity; 6021. First chamber; 6022. Second chamber; 603. Installation groove; 604. Elastic membrane;

[0058] 7. Suction fan;

[0059] 8. Blocking component; 801. Fixed part; 802. Movable part;

[0060] 9. Compressed part;

[0061] 10. First connecting pipe;

[0062] 11. Second connecting pipe. Specific embodiments

[0063] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] Embodiment 1

[0065] The present invention provides an air pollutant concentration detection device, including a housing 1, and the housing 1 includes an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 102.

[0066] A circuit board 2 is provided between the upper housing 101 and the lower housing 102. A processing circuit is provided on the upper surface of the circuit board 2, and a laser detection component 3 is provided on the lower surface of the circuit board 2.

[0067] Bolt assemblies are provided at the four corners of the housing 1, and the bolt assemblies connect the upper housing 101, the circuit board 2, and the lower housing 102 together.

[0068] A "mountain"-shaped channel 4 is provided inside the lower housing 102. The "mountain"-shaped channel 4 includes a "U"-shaped part 401 and a "vertical" part 402. Airflow flows in the "U"-shaped part 401, and the laser detection component 3 detects the airflow flowing through the "U"-shaped part 401.

[0069] Refer to Figures 3 and 4 As shown, the laser detection component 3 includes a laser generator 301. The laser generator 301 is provided on the lower surface of the circuit board 2. After the circuit board 2 and the lower housing 102 are assembled, the laser generator 301 is adapted to the "vertical" part 402.

[0070] After the laser generator 301 enters the "|" - shaped part 402, it completes the blocking of the "|" - shaped part 402, that is, the air flow flowing through the "U" - shaped part 401 cannot enter the "|" - shaped part 402.

[0071] The laser detection component 3 further includes a light receiver 302. The light receiver 302 is arranged outside the laser generator 301. After the circuit board 2 and the lower housing 102 are assembled, the light receiver 302 is located at the junction of the "|" - shaped part 402 and the "U" - shaped part 401.

[0072] Refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the lower housing 102 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is arranged at the air inlet end of the "U" - shaped part 401; the air outlet is arranged at the air outlet end of the "U" - shaped part 401. A suction fan 7 connected to the lower housing 102 is provided at the air outlet end of the "U" - shaped part 401, and the suction fan 7 is connected to the outside of the lower housing 102.

[0073] During use, the suction fan 7 is started. The suction fan 7 sucks external air continuously. The external air enters the "U" - shaped part 401 through the air inlet of the lower housing 102. The air flow flows along the "U" - shaped part 401. When the air flow passes through the horizontal part of the "U" - shaped part 401, the laser detection component 3 detects the dust content in the air flow. As the air flow continues to flow, it finally discharges from the suction fan 7 out of the housing. Since the suction fan 7 and the air inlet of the lower housing 102 are in two different directions, during the continuous operation of the suction fan 7, a stable air flow path can be formed, effectively avoiding the occurrence of air flow short - circuit and eddy current phenomena. This design not only enhances the residence time and dispersion uniformity of dust particles in the "U" - shaped part 401, but also significantly improves the measurement accuracy and reliability of the laser detection component 3 for the dust content.

[0074] The principle of the laser detection component 3 for detecting dust: The laser generator 301 emits a laser beam. When the air flow passes through the position where the laser beam is located, the beam is scattered by the dust in the air flow. When the scattered light irradiates on the light receiver 302, the light receiver 302 generates an electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the scattered light. The generated electrical signal is amplified and filtered and then sent to the signal processing unit on the circuit board 2. The signal processing unit further processes and analyzes the electrical signal to calculate the dust concentration.

[0075] Embodiment Two

[0076] Although the above embodiments can detect the dust concentration in the air flow using the laser detection component 3 to a certain extent, in the actual application process, due to the continuous operation of the suction fan 7, over time, a large amount of dust inevitably adheres to the air duct. Especially when the dust adheres to the surface of the optical receiver 302, it poses a more serious threat to the accuracy of subsequent monitoring results. In view of this, technical improvements are made based on Embodiment 1, and the improved technical solution is as follows:

[0077] Referring to Figures 6 and 7 As shown, pressure-receiving members 9 are provided at the corners of the "凵"-shaped portion 401, and the pressure-receiving members 9 detect the air flow pressure flowing through the "凵"-shaped portion 401.

[0078] In this embodiment, two pressure-receiving members 9 are provided, and the two pressure-receiving members 9 are respectively located at both ends of the horizontal part of the "凵"-shaped portion 401. The structure of each pressure-receiving member 9 includes a flexible film fixedly connected to the "凵"-shaped portion 401, and an elastic member provided inside the flexible film. One end of the elastic member is connected to the flexible film, and the other end is fixedly connected to the "凵"-shaped portion 401. At the connection between the elastic member and the "凵"-shaped portion 401, an inductive sensor is particularly provided for detecting the telescopic state of the elastic member.

[0079] The working principle of the inductive sensor here is based on that when the elastic member is used as a sensing element, its inductance will directly change with the change of length. Therefore, by measuring the inductance of the elastic member, its current telescopic state can be effectively judged.

[0080] When the air flow passes through the "凵"-shaped portion 401, it will generate pressure on the pressure-receiving member 9, causing the elastic member to be compressed. By detecting the compression amount of the elastic member, that is, the change in its inductance, the air flow pressure value can be judged. Since two pressure-receiving members 9 are provided in this embodiment, respectively located at both ends of the "凵"-shaped portion 401, the dust adhesion situation between different positions inside the "凵"-shaped portion 401 can be judged by comparing the states of these two pressure-receiving members 9, that is, the compression amounts they receive and the corresponding inductance changes.

[0081] Referring to Figures 6 to 9 As shown, a piezoelectric air supply component 5 is provided outside the "凵"-shaped portion 401.

[0082] Referring to Figure 6 As shown, a cross-section control component 6 is provided inside the "凵"-shaped portion 401. When the piezoelectric air supply component 5 provides power to the cross-section control component 6, the cross-section control component 6 generates deformations in different directions to adjust the cross-sectional area of the "mountain"-shaped channel 4.

[0083] Referring to Figures 3 to 6As shown, the cross-section adjustment component 6 includes a sealing plate 601. The sealing plate 601 is arranged inside the lower housing 102 and is fixedly connected to the top of the "mountain"-shaped channel 4. A relief groove corresponding to the "U"-shaped part 401 is provided on the sealing plate 601. The relief groove is used to allow the laser generator 301 to enter the "vertical bar"-shaped part 402.

[0084] The height of the laser generator 301 is equal to the height of the "mountain"-shaped channel 4 plus the thickness of the sealing plate 601.

[0085] The cross-section adjustment component 6 further includes a sealing cavity 602. The sealing cavity 602 includes a first chamber 6021 and a second chamber 6022. The first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 are distributed on both sides of the "vertical bar"-shaped part 402. The first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 are formed by the lower housing 102, the sealing plate 601, and the "mountain"-shaped channel 4.

[0086] The cross-section adjustment component 6 further includes a mounting groove 603. The mounting groove 603 is opened on the inner wall of the "U"-shaped part 401. An elastic membrane 604 is provided inside the mounting groove 603. By introducing gas into the sealing cavity 602, the elastic membrane 604 is forced to expand to change the cross-sectional area of the "U"-shaped part 401.

[0087] Refer to Figures 2 to 7 As shown, a first connecting pipe 10 and a second connecting pipe 11 are provided between the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022, and the first connecting pipe 10 and the second connecting pipe 11 do not contact each other.

[0088] Refer to Figures 8 and 9 As shown, the piezoelectric air supply component 5 includes a piezoelectric pump body 501. The piezoelectric pump body 501 is arranged inside the housing. An upper cavity 502 and a lower cavity 503 are provided inside the piezoelectric pump body 501. Piezoelectric sheets 504 are provided inside both the upper cavity 502 and the lower cavity 503. By applying a voltage to the piezoelectric sheets 504, the piezoelectric sheets 504 are forced to deform to achieve the pumping and discharging operation of the piezoelectric pump body 501.

[0089] Utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect, when an electric field is applied across the piezoelectric sheet 504, the piezoelectric sheet 504 will deform or vibrate. When the direction of the applied external electric field is the same as the polarization direction of the piezoelectric sheet 504, the polarization intensity of the piezoelectric sheet 504 will increase, causing the piezoelectric sheet 504 to undergo elongation deformation in the polarization direction. When the direction of the applied external electric field is opposite to the polarization direction, the polarization intensity of the piezoelectric sheet 504 will decrease, resulting in the piezoelectric sheet 504 shortening in the polarization direction. Therefore, when an alternating electric field is applied across the piezoelectric sheet 504, the piezoelectric sheet 504 will generate alternating deformation with the same frequency as the alternating electric field.

[0090] The alternating deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 504 causes a suction force to be generated inside the upper cavity 502 and the lower cavity 503, thereby realizing the expansion and contraction of the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022. Using the alternating deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 504 to achieve fluid suction belongs to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0091] The piezoelectric air supply assembly 5 further includes a first suction pipe 505 and a first exhaust pipe 506. The first suction pipe 505 and the first exhaust pipe 506 are arranged on the top of the piezoelectric pump body 501. Both the first suction pipe 505 and the first exhaust pipe 506 are connected to the upper cavity 502. The first exhaust pipe 506 is connected to the first connecting pipe 10, and the first suction pipe 505 is connected to the outside of the lower housing 102.

[0092] The piezoelectric air supply assembly 5 further includes a second suction pipe 507 and a second exhaust pipe 508. The second suction pipe 507 and the second exhaust pipe 508 are arranged at the bottom of the piezoelectric pump body 501. Both the second suction pipe 507 and the second exhaust pipe 508 are connected to the lower cavity 503. The second suction pipe 507 is connected to the second connecting pipe 11, and the second exhaust pipe 508 is connected to the outside of the lower housing 102.

[0093] At both ends of the first connecting pipe 10, a first installation valve and a second installation valve are provided. When the first installation valve is in the startup state and the second installation valve is in the closed state, the first connecting pipe 10 is in communication with the first chamber 6021; when the first installation valve is in the closed state and the second installation valve is in the startup state, the first connecting pipe 10 is in communication with the second chamber 6022; when both the first installation valve and the second installation valve are in the startup state, the first connecting pipe 10 is in communication with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022.

[0094] At both ends of the second connecting pipe 11, a first connection valve and a second connection valve are provided. When the first connection valve is in the startup state and the second connection valve is in the closed state, the second connecting pipe 11 is in communication with the first chamber 6021; when the first connection valve is in the closed state and the second connection valve is in the startup state, the second connecting pipe 11 is in communication with the second chamber 6022; when both the first connection valve and the second connection valve are in the startup state, the second connecting pipe 11 is in communication with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022.

[0095] Refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a blocking assembly 8 is provided on the lower housing 102. The blocking assembly 8 is distributed at the air inlet and outlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, and the blocking assembly 8 is used to block the air inlet and outlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401.

[0096] Refer to Figures 1 to 7As shown, the blocking component 8 includes a fixing part 801, and the fixing part 801 is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower shell 102.

[0097] The blocking component 8 further includes a movable part 802. The movable part 802 is arranged inside the fixing part 801. When the movable part 802 is in the extended state, the movable part 802 blocks the air inlet and air outlet of the "U"-shaped part 401. When the movable part 802 is in the contracted state, the movable part 802 releases the blocking of the air inlet and air outlet of the "U"-shaped part 401.

[0098] The movable part 802 includes a movable plate for blocking the air inlet and air outlet of the lower shell 102. The movable plate is slidably connected to the fixing part 801, and a driving component is arranged inside the fixing part 801 for driving the telescopic movement of the movable plate.

[0099] A control chip connected to the processing circuit is provided on the upper surface of the circuit board 2. A control system is provided inside the control chip for controlling the movement of all electrical components on the shell 1.

[0100] In this embodiment, the two pressure-receiving parts 9 provided on the "U"-shaped part 401 are respectively an A pressure-receiving part and a B pressure-receiving part. By detecting the states of the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part, the dust adhesion situation between different positions inside the "U"-shaped part 401 is judged.

[0101] Initially, when the movable part 802 is in the contracted state, the movable part 802 releases the blocking of the air inlet and air outlet of the lower shell 102; when both the first installation valve and the second installation valve are in the closed state, the first connecting pipe 10 is in a non-connected state with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022; when both the first connection valve and the second connection valve are in the closed state, the second connecting pipe 11 is in a non-connected state with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022.

[0102] During use, under normal circumstances, both the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part are in a pressure-receiving state. That is, when the air flow flows inside the "U"-shaped part 401, there is no excessive dust affecting the "U"-shaped part 401, so that the pressure generated by the air flow on the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part makes both of them in a stable pressure-receiving state.

[0103] It should be noted that when the suction fan 7 is in a non-working state, the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part are not affected by the air flow pressure, and at this time both the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part are in a stable state.

[0104] When, during the process of the air flow flowing through the inside of the "U"-shaped part 401, the pressure-receiving state of the A pressure-receiving part is further aggravated while the pressure-receiving state of the B pressure-receiving part gradually decreases, it indicates that dust accumulation has occurred in the horizontal horizontal area of the "U"-shaped part 401.

[0105] Specifically, when dust accumulation occurs in the horizontal flat area of the "凵"-shaped part 401, since the suction fan 7 is still running continuously, the fluid accumulates in the area before the blockage point and generates a higher pressure. This causes the compression state of the A compression part to be further aggravated; since the fluid cannot pass through the blockage point smoothly, the pressure after the blockage point will decrease, thereby causing the compression state of the B compression part to gradually decrease.

[0106] When the control system detects dust accumulation in the horizontal flat area of the "凵"-shaped part 401, it controls the first connecting pipe 10 and the first chamber 6021 to be in a connected state; at the same time, when an alternating electric field is applied to the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the upper cavity 502, the piezoelectric sheet 504 generates alternating deformation. The working state of the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the upper cavity 502 is referred to Figure 8 As shown, during the process of the alternating deformation of the piezoelectric sheet 504, external gas is introduced into the first chamber 6021 through the first suction pipe 505 and the first exhaust pipe 506, so that the air pressure inside the first chamber 6021 increases, and the gas squeezes the elastic membrane 604, forcing the elastic membrane 604 to expand. As a result, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel of the "凵"-shaped part 401 decreases, and the speed of the gas flowing through the air inlet channel of the "凵"-shaped part 401 increases, enabling the air flow to impact and clean the blocked area, ensuring the normal operation of the laser detection component 3.

[0107] During the operation of the piezoelectric air supply component 5, the movable part 802 located at the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401 is controlled to perform reciprocating motion, that is, the movable part 802 intermittently blocks the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, so that the air flow enters the "凵"-shaped part 401 in an intermittent manner, enhancing the impact intensity of the air flow on the blocked area.

[0108] It should be noted that during the operation of the piezoelectric air supply component 5, it will generate certain vibrations by itself. The vibrations are transmitted to the circuit board 2 through the lower housing 102, causing the dust adhered to the optical receiver 302 to loosen. Under the influence of the vibrations and the air flow impact, a comprehensive cleaning of the horizontal flat area of the "凵"-shaped part 401 is achieved, avoiding the accumulation of dust in the "凵"-shaped part 401 and affecting the detection results of the laser detection component 3.

[0109] During the process of air flow impact cleaning, the state of the B pressure-receiving part is monitored synchronously. When the B pressure-receiving part returns to the pressure-receiving state under normal conditions, the first connecting pipe 10 returns to its initial state, and the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the upper cavity 502 stops working; at the same time, the second connecting pipe 11 is controlled to be in a connected state with the first chamber 6021, and the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the lower cavity 503 is controlled to work. The piezoelectric sheet 504 extracts and discharges the gas inside the first chamber 6021 through the second air extraction pipe 507 and the second exhaust pipe 508, so that the "U" - shaped part 401 returns to its original cross-sectional area.

[0110] When the air flow passes through the inside of the "U" - shaped part 401, and the control system monitors that the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part gradually return to the normal state or their pressure-receiving states are reduced, it indicates that there is a blockage between the blades of the suction fan 7.

[0111] Specifically: after there is a blockage between the blades of the suction fan 7, the suction force generated by the suction fan 7 gradually decreases, which in turn causes a decrease in the flow rate entering the "U" - shaped part 401, thereby reducing the pressure of the air flow on the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part, resulting in the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part gradually returning to the normal state or their pressure-receiving states gradually decreasing.

[0112] When a blockage occurs in the area of the suction fan 7, first control the suction fan 7 to pause, and at the same time control the two blocking components 8 provided on the outer shell 1 to block the air inlet and outlet of the "U" - shaped part 401, so that the "U" - shaped part 401 forms a sealed chamber; then control the second connecting pipe 11 to be in a connected state with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022, and control the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the lower cavity 503 to perform alternating deformation. The working state of the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the lower cavity 503 is as shown in Figure 9 During the process of the piezoelectric sheet 504 performing alternating deformation, the gas inside the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 is extracted through the second air extraction pipe 507 and the second exhaust pipe 508, forcing the corresponding elastic membranes 604 of the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 to contract, expanding the cross-sectional area of the air inlet of the "U" - shaped part 401, generating a negative pressure inside the "U" - shaped part 401. When the elastic membrane 604 contracts to a set amount, control the blocking part at the air outlet of the "U" - shaped part 401 to release the blockage of the suction fan 7. At this time, affected by the negative pressure, the external air flow enters the "U" - shaped part 401 from the suction fan 7, and the external air flow impacts the suction fan 7, causing the dust adhering between its blades to fall, preventing the suction capacity from decreasing after the suction fan 7 is blocked, which may lead to the air flow being unable to flow smoothly inside the "U" - shaped part 401, resulting in the laser detection device being unable to accurately judge the dust amount in the air.

[0113] When, during the process of the air flow passing through the inside of the "凵"-shaped part 401, the control system monitors that the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part gradually return to the normal state and a stretching phenomenon gradually appears between the two, it indicates that a blockage has occurred at the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401.

[0114] Specifically: After a blockage occurs at the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, the flow rate entering the "凵"-shaped part 401 decreases. However, affected by the suction force of the suction fan 7, a negative pressure gradually forms inside the "凵"-shaped part 401. Affected by the negative pressure, a stretching phenomenon gradually appears between the A pressure-receiving part and the B pressure-receiving part.

[0115] When a blockage occurs at the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, first control the suction fan 7 to pause operation. At the same time, control the two blocking components 8 provided on the outer shell 1 to block the air inlet and the air outlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, so that the "凵"-shaped part 401 forms a sealed chamber; then control the first connecting pipe 10 to be in a communicating state with both the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022, and control the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the upper cavity 502 to perform alternating deformation. The working state of the piezoelectric sheet 504 inside the upper cavity 502 refers to Figure 8 As shown, during the process of the piezoelectric sheet 504 performing alternating deformation, the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 are inflated through the first air suction pipe 505 and the first exhaust pipe 506, forcing the corresponding elastic membranes 604 of the first chamber 6021 and the second chamber 6022 to expand, reducing the cross-sectional area of the air inlet passage of the "凵"-shaped part 401 and generating a positive pressure inside the "凵"-shaped part 401. When the elastic membrane 604 expands to a set amount, control the blocking part at the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401 to release the blockage of the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401. At this time, the gas inside the "凵"-shaped part 401 is affected by the positive pressure and sprays out from the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, causing the dust adhering to the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401 to fall, avoiding the situation where, after the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401 is blocked, the air flow cannot enter the air inlet of the "凵"-shaped part 401, resulting in the laser detection device being unable to accurately judge the dust amount in the air.

[0116] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air pollutant concentration detection device, characterized in that: Comprising: A housing, the housing including an upper housing and a lower housing; A circuit board, the circuit board being disposed between the upper housing and the lower housing, a processing circuit being provided on the upper surface of the circuit board, and a laser detection component being provided on the lower surface of the circuit board; A "mountain"-shaped channel, the interior of the lower housing being provided with a "mountain"-shaped channel, the "mountain"-shaped channel including a "U"-shaped portion and a "vertical" portion, air flow flowing in the "U"-shaped portion, and the laser detection component detecting the air flow flowing through the "U"-shaped portion; Pressure-receiving members, pressure-receiving members being provided at the corners of the "U"-shaped portion, the pressure-receiving members detecting the air flow pressure of the air flow flowing through the "U"-shaped portion; A piezoelectric air supply component, a piezoelectric air supply component being provided outside the "U"-shaped portion; A cross-section regulating component, a cross-section regulating component being provided inside the "U"-shaped portion, and when the piezoelectric air supply component provides power to the cross-section regulating component, the cross-section regulating component generates deformations in different directions to adjust the cross-sectional area of the "mountain"-shaped channel; The cross-section regulating component includes: A sealing plate, the sealing plate being disposed inside the lower housing and fixedly connected to the top of the "mountain"-shaped channel; a relief groove corresponding to the "U"-shaped portion being provided on the sealing plate; A sealing cavity, the sealing cavity including a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber being distributed on both sides of the "vertical" portion, and the first chamber and the second chamber being formed by the lower housing, the sealing plate, and the "mountain"-shaped channel; Mounting grooves, the mounting grooves being opened on the inner wall of the "U"-shaped portion; Elastic membranes, elastic membranes being provided inside the mounting grooves, and by introducing gas into the sealing cavity, forcing the elastic membranes to expand to change the cross-sectional area of the "U"-shaped portion.

2. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser detection component includes: A laser generator, the laser generator being provided on the lower surface of the circuit board, and after the circuit board and the lower housing are assembled, the laser generator being adapted to the "vertical" portion; A light receiver, the light receiver being provided outside the laser generator, and after the circuit board and the lower housing are assembled, the light receiver being located at the junction of the "vertical" portion and the "U"-shaped portion.

3. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe are provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe do not contact each other.

4. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piezoelectric air supply component includes: A piezoelectric pump body, the piezoelectric pump body being disposed inside the housing; Piezoelectric sheets, an upper cavity and a lower cavity being provided inside the piezoelectric pump body, piezoelectric sheets being provided inside both the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric sheets to force the piezoelectric sheets to deform, the pumping and discharging operations of the piezoelectric pump body are realized.

5. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The piezoelectric air supply component further includes: A first suction pipe and a first exhaust pipe, the first suction pipe and the first exhaust pipe being provided on the top of the piezoelectric pump body, both the first suction pipe and the first exhaust pipe being connected to the upper cavity, the first exhaust pipe being connected to the first connecting pipe, and the first suction pipe being connected to the outside of the lower housing; A second suction pipe and a second exhaust pipe, the second suction pipe and the second exhaust pipe being provided on the bottom of the piezoelectric pump body, both the second suction pipe and the second exhaust pipe being connected to the lower cavity, the second suction pipe being connected to the second connecting pipe, and the second exhaust pipe being connected to the outside of the lower housing.

6. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is arranged at the air inlet end of the "凵"-shaped part; the air outlet is arranged at the air outlet end of the "凵"-shaped part. A suction fan connected to the lower housing is provided at the air outlet end of the "凵"-shaped part, and the suction fan is communicated with the outside of the lower housing.

7. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blocking component is arranged on the lower housing. The blocking component is distributed at the air inlet and the air outlet of the "凵"-shaped part, and the blocking component is used for blocking the air inlet and the air outlet of the "凵"-shaped part.

8. The air pollutant concentration detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blocking component includes: A fixing part, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the lower housing; A movable part, which is arranged inside the fixing part. When the movable part is in the extended state, the movable part blocks the air inlet and the air outlet of the "凵"-shaped part. When the movable part is in the contracted state, the movable part releases the blocking of the air inlet and the air outlet of the "凵"-shaped part.

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